FL #24 tRNA’s Role in Protein Synthesis

DNA Double Helix

Single Stranded

RNA

DNA & RNA Standard 4A

Know the general pathway by which ribosomes synthesize proteins, using tRNAs to translate genetic information in mRNA.

Translation

Translation

Different Hyperlink #2

tRNA Molecules

The Genetic Code

TranslationIt is the job of the ribosomes to read the mRNA so that the correct sequence and number of amino acids are assembled into the proper proteins. This decoding of mRNA message into a polypeptide chain (protein) is called translation.

Click on video camera for translation of a

protein from mRNA.

The Genetic Code

The genetic code is read three nitrogenous bases at a time, so that each “word” of the coded message is three bases long. Each three-letter “word” in mRNA is known as a codon.

The tRNA anticodon is complementary to the mRNA codon. In the case of the tRNA molecule for methionine, the anticodon bases are UAC, which pair with the methionine codon, AUG, The ribosome has a second binding site for a tRNA molecule for the next codon.

Click on video camera for translation of a

protein from mRNA.

1. Which type of RNA functions as the blueprint of the genetic code?A. rRNA

B. tRNA

C. nRNA

D. mRNA

2. (DNA & RNA Standard 4a) What happens during the process of translation?A. Messenger RNA is made from DNA

B. The cell uses information from mRNA to produce proteins.

C. tRNA is made from mRNA

D. Copies of DNA molecules are made

B. The cell uses information from mRNA to produce proteins.

3. Which type of RNA codes for a single amino acid?

A. rRNA

B. tRNA

C. nRNA

D. mRNA

tRNA

4. What part of the tRNA codes for that specific single amino acid?A. codon

B. tRNA

C. anticodon

D. mRNA

5. The anticodon CAG is complementary to this codon?A. CTU

B. GUC

C. GCG

D. ATA

6. During translation, the type of amino acid that is added to the growing polypeptide, depends on the?A. codon on mRNA

B. anticodon on the mRNA

C. anticodon on tRNA & codon on mRNA

D. rRNA

C. anticodon on tRNA & ..codon on mRNA

7. Which type of RNA above contains the code for assembling amino acids in correct sequence?

AB

C

A. B. C. D.