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Five good emperors
Nerva – Marcus Aurelius
HIS 207
Oakton Community College
Mitilineos
November 17, 2011
Reminders
All material due by 11/29/2011
Final study guide – 11/29/2011
Today:
◦ Film
◦ Boudicca
◦ Five good emperors
Boudicca and the Iceni
Roman Britain
C.E. 60
The evidence
◦ Tacitus Agricola
◦ Archaeology not helpful
Iceni
◦ Celtic tribe in East Anglia
◦ farming
Prasutagus, king of the Iceni
Women among the Iceni
◦ power and positions of prestige
◦ Owned land
◦ Right to divorce
Prasutagus
◦ Client/king
◦ Left kingdom to two daughters and Nero
Roman law prohibits inheritance by women
Members of ruling class enslaved
Boudicca flogged, her daughters raped
The Iceni look to Boudicca for leadership
Revolt begins
Supported by neighboring tribes, the Iceni numbered about 100,000
Attacked Camulodunum (Cambridge) and Colchester
Successful for awhile due to guerilla tactics, use of chariots, lack of respect
Last victory at Londinium (London)
230,000 faced smaller Roman force (Midlands – location unknown)
70,000 killed as Roman weapons and tactics under Paulinas prevail
Suicide c. 61/62
Nerva
96-98
Period of five good emperors generally prosperous
Chosen by senate
Recalled exiles
Modified taxes
Tolerated Christians
Adopted Trajan as his successor
Purchased land from wealthy and rented them to the needed
Promoted public education including poor children
Trajan
98-117
Born in Spain
Father was a consul
Patrician status
Adopted by Nerva in 97
Extended the empire
As emperor
Deified Nerva
Optimus Augustus – the best
Generally fair to the army
Cash gifts to Romans
Increased the number receiving free grain
Lessened taxes
On Christians - moderate
Public works
◦ Roads, bridges, aqueducts, harbors
◦ New public baths
◦ New forum
Libraries – Greek and Latin
Trajan’s column
Military
Dacians
Parthians
Upper Mesopotamia
ctesiphon
Survived Antioch earthquake in 115
Revolts in 116
Died returning to Rome
Hadrian
117-138
Proclaimed by praetorian guard
Elected by senate
Interested in the arts
Less interested in conquest
Hadrian’s wall
Britain
122