Upload
bella-andriani
View
242
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
7/24/2019 Fisiologi-The Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves-bshb14
1/51
Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings
C h a p t e r
13
The Spinal Cord,
Spinal Nerves,and Spinal Reflexes
PowerPoint Lecture Slidesprepared by Jason LaPres
Lone Star College - North Harris
Copyright 2009 Pearson Eduation, !n",
pu#lishing as Pearson $en%a&in Cu&&ings
7/24/2019 Fisiologi-The Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves-bshb14
2/51
utline
!. "# I#$%&'C$I# $ %E()E*E+
2. +PI#") %E()E*E+
. I#$E-%"$I# "#& C#$%) ( +PI#")
%E()E*E+
Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings
7/24/2019 Fisiologi-The Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves-bshb14
3/51
bjectie
!. E/plain the roles o 1hite matter and gray matter in
processing and relaying sensory inormation and motor
commands.
2. &escribe the process o a neural rele/.
. Classiy the types o rele/es, and e/plain the unctions o
each.
. &istinguish bet1een the types o motor responses produced
by arious rele/es.
3. E/plain ho1 rele/es interact to produce comple/ behaiors.4. E/plain ho1 higher centers control and modiy rele/
responses.
Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings
7/24/2019 Fisiologi-The Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves-bshb14
4/51
Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings
"n Introduction
(igure !5! "n erie1 o Chapters ! and !.
7/24/2019 Fisiologi-The Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves-bshb14
5/51
Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings
-ray 6atter and 7hite 6atter
rgani8ation o -ray 6atter The gray horns
Posterior gray horns contain somatic and isceral
sensory nuclei"nterior gray horns contain somatic motor nuclei
)ateral gray horns are in thoracic and lumbar
segments: contain isceral motor nuclei
Gray commissures
"/ons that cross rom one side o cord to the other
beore reaching gray matter
7/24/2019 Fisiologi-The Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves-bshb14
6/51
Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings
-ray 6atter and 7hite 6atter
rgani8ation o -ray 6atter
$he cell bodies o neurons orm unctional
groups called nuclei
Sensory nuclei:
5 dorsal ;posteriorin
6onitored by speciic pair o spinal neres
7/24/2019 Fisiologi-The Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves-bshb14
12/51
7/24/2019 Fisiologi-The Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves-bshb14
13/51
Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings
+pinal #eres and Ple/uses
Peripheral #europathy
%egional loss o sensory or motor unction
&ue to trauma or compression
7/24/2019 Fisiologi-The Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves-bshb14
14/51
Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings
+pinal #eres and Ple/uses
(igure !59 +hingles.
7/24/2019 Fisiologi-The Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves-bshb14
15/51
Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings
#euronal Pools
(unctional rgani8ation o #eurons Sensory neurons
"bout !0 million
&elier inormation to C#+
Motor neurons
"bout !@2 million
&elier commands to peripheral eectors
Interneurons
"bout 20 billion
Interpret, plan, and coordinate signals in and out
7/24/2019 Fisiologi-The Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves-bshb14
16/51
Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings
#euronal Pools
Neuronal Pools
(unctional groups o interconnected neurons
;interneuronss o neural unction
ne neural rele/ produces one motor response
%ele/ arc
$he 1iring o a single rele/
Beginning at receptor
Ending at peripheral eector
-enerally opposes original stimulus ;negatie eedbac>in, mucous membranes
stretch or deep tendon rele/es ;e.g., patellar, or >neeD
jer>, rele/eletal muscles rom
&eeloping too much tension
$earing or brea>ing tendons
+ensory receptors unli>e muscle spindles or
proprioceptors
7/24/2019 Fisiologi-The Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves-bshb14
39/51
7/24/2019 Fisiologi-The Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves-bshb14
40/51
Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings
+pinal %ele/es
(igure !5!9 " (le/or %ele/.
7/24/2019 Fisiologi-The Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves-bshb14
41/51
Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings
+pinal %ele/es
%eciprocal Inhibition
(or le/or rele/ to 1or>
$he stretch rele/ o antagonistic ;e/tensor