Fisherman Report

8/12/2019 Fisherman Report

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Abstract:GPS (Global Positioning System) is increasingly being used for a wide range of

applications. It provides reliablepositioning, navigation, and timing services to worldwide

users on a continuous basis in all weather, day and night,anywhere on or near the Earth.

GPS is made up of three segments: Space, Control and User.

GPS has become awidely used aid to navigation worldwide, and a useful tool for map-

making, land surveying, commerce, scientificuses, tracking and surveillance, and hobbies

such as geocaching and way marking. None of the present GPS systemssatisfy the

requirements for the safety of civilian navigation in the sea as the maritime boundary of a

country cannotbe marked.

This project deals on the versatility and the usefulness of a GPS device in the sea. The

main objective of the paper isto help the fishermen not to navigate beyond other countrys

border. If a fisherman navigates beyond the countrysborder, an alarm is generated

indicating that the fisherman has crossed the border. Additionally, a GSM

transmitterinterface will send a message to base station located on the shore indicating

that a vessel has crossed the border.

Thus guards in the shore can assist and provide additional help to those fishermen if

needed.Keeping in mind about lives of Indian fishermen, this device has been created to

help them not to move beyondIndia. On the whole, it is an attempt to build a suitable

device for the fishermen at a reasonably low cost.


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GPS BASED BORDER ALERT SYSTEM FOR FISHERMEN

DEPT OF INSTRUMENTATION TECHNOLOGY, RYMEC BELLARY Page 2

CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

GPS based border alert system aims in keeping an end for the killings of the

fishermen were seen quite common in the boundary coastal areas which has become quite

common these days. The reason for this is they were crossing the territory or boundary.

This happening due to lack of awareness where their boundary is located and the cost of

this mistake is their life. And we cannot provide any sign board in the mid of the sea to

solve this problem. The only solution which we provide for this problem is enabling the

boats with a GPS device.

GPS based border alert system gives a best solution for this problem, whenever

the fisherman was about to reach the boundary he can have a voice based alert in hisnative language itself. So that he can go back from that point onwards.

The GPS is the acronym for Global positioning system. This GPS receiver is

capable of identifying the location in which it was present in the form of latitude and

longitudes. This information is very useful and can be processed for alerting the boat

drivers. The GPS gives the data received from the satellites. For this information the GPS

communicates with at least three satellites in the space.

1.1 Objective

The reason for this is they were crossing the territory or boundary. The incidents of

harassment of Indian fisherman by the Lankan personnel had kept increasing.

In the month of September 2012 there were reports that Sri Lankan navy had

attacked the team of Indian fisherman near kodiakarai coast. Earlier to this month another

28 fisherman from tamilnadu were detained. There have been more than 1752 instancesof Indian fisherman disappearing near palk-straits, the petitioner said that around 500

fisherman have been killed and 3000 of themselves permanently disabled by the act of

Lankan navy


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This happening due to lack of awareness where their boundary is located and the

cost of this mistake is their life. And we cannot provide any sign board in the mid of the

sea to solve this problem. The only solution which we provide for this problem is

enabling the boats with a GPS device.GPS based border alert system gives a best solution

for this problem, whenever the fisherman was about to reach the boundary he can have a

voice based alert in his native language itself. So that he can go back from that point

onwards.


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CHAPTER 2

LITERATURE SERVEY

In this modern and fast runningworld everything is going to be digitized to be easily

understandable and also to give exact calculation. Considering this idea we started a

worked named Using GPS GSM Technologies Indication Of Digital Fuel, which shows

the exact amount of fuel remaining in the fuel gauge as compared to the previously used

gauge meter in which a needle moves to give a rough estimate of the fuel left. Most of the

petrol bunks today have manipulated the pumps such that it displays the amount as

entered but the quantity of fuel filled in the customers tank is much lesser than the

displayed value. Therefore the pumps are tampered for the benefit of the petrol bunks

owner. This results in huge profits for the petrol bunks but at the same time the customers

are cheated.

All most all the vehicles consist of analog meters hence it is not possible to precisely

know the amount of fuel currently in the vehicle and also it is not possible to cross check

the quantity of fuel filled in the petrol bunk. In this work we focuses on creating a digital

display of the exact amount of fuel contained in the vehicles tank and also helps in cross

checking the quantity of fuel filled at the petrol bunk. Finally once the fuel is filled at a

bunk the device also sends an SMS to the vehicle owner indicating the amount of fuel

filled in the tank and totalfilled. And also we can find the exact location of the vehicles.


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CHAPTER-3

BLOCK DIAGRAM

FIG 1: BLOCK DIAGRAM OF PROPOSED SYSTEM

Power

Supply

LED Indicator

GPS

MCU

Buzzer

ALCDALCDDriver

GSM

Modem

Motor

Relay


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WORKING PRINCIPLE:

The functioning of the device is achieved by employing a micro controller. The

micro controller forms the controlling unit of the project. The micro controller is

interfaced with a GPS receiver so that it can receive the information about the location in

which the boat is present. The controller compares the location of the boat with the

territory location. Whenever the boat was approaching the boundary it alerts the driver.

To alert the driver it is interfaced with a voice circuitry which designed with a voice

based IC to produce a voice alert to the fisher man. It is also interfaced with few LED

indicators to alert the boat driver.

Here we are using GSM which the owner on the receiver side uses to get the statusof the boat. Whenever the boat crosses a certain limit, the message is sent to the owner

via microcontroller. Knowing this the owner can inform fisherman on the boat to return to

the sea shore.

HARDWARE REQUIREMENT

1. Regulated Power Supply.

2. Global Positioning System (GPS Receiver).

3. GLCD display with driver.

4. MCU

5. LED indicators.

6. Voice based circuit

SOFTWARE REQUIREMENT

1. Embedded C

2. Kiel Compiler


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4.2 8051 MICROCONTROLLER

One particularly useful feature of the 8051 core was the inclusion of

a Boolean processing engine which allows bit-level Boolean logic operations to be carried

out directly and efficiently on select internal registers and select RAM locations. This

advantageous feature helped cement the 8051's popularity in industrial control

applications because it reduced code size by as much as 30%. Another valued feature is

the including of four bank selectable working register sets which greatly reduce the

amount of time required to complete an interrupt service routine. With a single instruction

the 8051 can switch register banks as opposed to the time consuming task of transferring

the critical registers to the stack or designated RAM locations. These registers also

allowed the 8051 to quickly perform a context switch which is essential for time sensitive

applications.

Important features

The 8051 architecture provides many functions

(CPU, RAM, ROM, I/O, interrupt logic, timer, etc.) in a single package

8-bit ALU, Accumulator and 8-bit Registers; hence it is an 8-bit microcontroller

8-bit data bus It can access 8 bits of data in one operation

16-bit address bus It can access 216 memory locations 64 KB (65536 locations)

each of RAM and ROM

On-chip RAM 128 bytes (data memory)

On-chip ROM 4 Kbyte (program memory)

Four byte bi-directional input/output port

UART (serial port)

Two 16-bit Counter/timers

Two-level interrupt priority

Power saving mode (on some derivatives)


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ARCHITECTURE

FIG 3: ARCHITECTURE OF 8051


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8051 Pin details

FIG 4: PIN DIAGRAM OF 8051


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Interfacing with 8051:

FIG 5: INTERFACIN OF LCD WITH MC


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GPS

DEPT OF INSTRUMENTATI

4.5 RELAY

A relay is an ele

operated switch. Current

through the coil of the relay

a magnetic field which at

lever and changes the

contacts. The coil current ca

or off so relays have two

positions and most have

throw (changeover) switch c

Relays allow one ci

separate from the first. For e

a 230V AC mains circuit. T

two circuits, the link is magn

The coil of a relay

relay, but it can be as much a

Most ICs (chips) cannot prov

small IC current to the lar

current for the popular 555

directly without amplificatio

ASED BORDER ALERT SYSTEM FOR F

ON TECHNOLOGY, RYMEC BELLARY

trically

lowing

creates

racts a

switch

be on

switch

double

ntacts as shown in the diagram.

rcuit to switch a second circuit which can b

ample a low voltage battery circuit can use a r

ere is no electrical connection inside the rela

etic and mechanical.

asses a relatively large current, typically 30

s 100mA for relays designed to operate from l

ide this current and a transistor is usually used

er value required for the relay coil. The ma

timer IC is 200mA so these devices can supp

.

Circuit symbol for a r

Relay

Relay showing coil and switc

SHERMEN

Page 13

e completely

lay to switch

between the

A for a 12V

wer voltages.

o amplify the

imum output

ly relay coils

lay

h contacts


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Relays are usually SPDT or DPDT but they can have many more sets of switch

contacts, for example relays with 4 sets of changeover contacts are readily available. For

further information about switch contacts and the terms used to describe them please see

the page on switches.

Most relays are designed for PCB mounting but you can solder wires directly to

the pins providing you take care to avoid melting the plastic case of the relay.

The supplier's catalogue should show you the relay's connections. The coil will be

obvious and it may be connected either way round. Relay coils produce brief high voltage

'spikes' when they are switched off and this can destroy transistors and ICs in the circuit.

To prevent damage you must connect aprotection diode across the relay coil.

The animated picture shows a working relay with its coil and switch contacts. You

can see a lever on the left being attracted by magnetism when the coil is switched on. This

lever moves the switch contacts. There is one set of contacts (SPDT) in the foreground

and another behind them, making the relay DPDT.

The relay's switch connections are usually labeled COM, NC and NO:

COM = Common, always connect to this, it is the moving part of the switch.

NC = Normally Closed, COM is connected to this when the relay coil is off.

NO = Normally Open, COM is connected to this when the relay coil is on.

Connect to COM and NO if you want the switched circuit to be on when the relay

coil is on.

Connect to COM and NC if you want the switched circuit to be on when the relay

coil is off.


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Choosing a relayYou need to consider several features when choosing a relay:

1. Physical size and pin arrangement

If you are choosing a relay for an existing PCB you will need to ensure that its

dimensions and pin arrangement are suitable. You should find this information in the

supplier's catalogue.

2. Coil voltage

The relay's coil voltage rating and resistance must suit the circuit powering the relay

coil. Many relays have a coil rated for a 12V supply but 5V and 24V relays are also

readily available. Some relays operate perfectly well with a supply voltage which is a

little lower than their rated value.

3. Coil resistance

The circuit must be able to supply the current required by the relay coil. You can use

Ohm's law to calculate the current:

Relay coil current =supply voltage

coil resistance

4. For example: A 12V supply relay with a coil resistance of 400 passes a current of

30mA. This is OK for a 555 timer IC (maximum output current 200mA), but it is too

much for most ICs and they will require a transistor to amplify the current.

5. Switch ratings (voltage and current)

The relay's switch contacts must be suitable for the circuit they are to control. You

will need to check the voltage and current ratings. Note that the voltage rating is

usually higher for AC, for example: "5A at 24V DC or 125V AC".

6. Switch contact arrangement (SPDT, DPDT etc)

Most relays are SPDT or DPDT which are often described as "single pole

changeover" (SPCO) or "double pole changeover" (DPCO). For further information

please see the page on switches.


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Protection diodes for relays

Transistors and ICs must be protected from

the brief high voltage produced when a relay

coil is switched off. The diagram shows how

a signal diode (e.g. 1N4148) is connected

'backwards' across the relay coil to provide

this protection.

Current flowing through a relay coil creates

a magnetic field which collapses suddenly when the current is switched off. The sudden

collapse of the magnetic field induces a brief high voltage across the relay coil which is

very likely to damage transistors and ICs. The protection diode allows the induced

voltage to drive a brief current through the coil (and diode) so the magnetic field dies

away quickly rather than instantly. This prevents the induced voltage becoming high

enough to cause damage to transistors and ICs.

Reed relays

Reed relays consist of a coil surrounding a reed switch. Reed

switches are normally operated with a magnet, but in a reed relay

current flows through the coil to create a magnetic field and

close the reed switch. Reed relays generally have higher coil

resistances than standard relays (1000 for example) and a wide

range of supply voltages (9-20V for example). They are capable

of switching much more rapidly than standard relays, up to several hundred times per

second; but they can only switch low currents (500mA maximum for example).

The reed relay shown in the photograph will plug into a standard 14-pin DIL socket ('IC

holder'). For further information about reed switches please see the page on switches.

Reed Relay


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Relays and transistors compared

Like relays, transistors can be used as an electrically operated switch. For switching small

DC currents (< 1A) at low voltage they are usually a better choice than a relay. However,

transistors cannot switch AC (such as mains electricity) and in simple circuits they are not

usually a good choice for switching large currents (> 5A). In these cases a relay will be

needed, but note that a low power transistor may still be needed to switch the current for

the relay's coil! The main advantages and disadvantages of relays are listed below:

RELAY OPERATION

All relays operate using the same basic principle. Our example will use a commonly used

4 -pin relay. Relays have two circuits: A control circuit (shown in GREEN) and a loadcircuit(shown in RED). The control circuit has a small control coil while the load circuit

has aswitch. The coil controls the operation of the switch.

RELAY ENERGIZED (ON)

Current flowing through the control circuit coil (pins 1 and 3) creates a small magnetic field

which causes the switch to close, pins 2 and 4. The switch, which is part of the load circuit,

is used to control an electrical circuit that may connect to it. Current now flows through pins

2 and 4 shown in RED, when the relay in energized.


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RELAY DE-ENERGIZED (OFF)

When current stops flowing through the control circuit, pins 1 and 3, the relay becomes de-

energized. Without the magnetic field, the switch opens and current is prevented from

Flowing through pins 2 and 4. The relay is now OFF.


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RELAY OPERATION

When no voltage is applied to pin 1, there is no current flow through the coil. No current

means no magnetic field is developed, and the switch is open. When voltage is supplied to

pin 1, current flow though the coil creates the magnetic field needed to close the switch

allowing continuity between pins 2 and 4

RELAY DESIGN ID

Relays are either Normally Open or Normally Closed. Notice the position of the switches in

the two relays shown below. Normally open relays have a switch that remains open until

energized (ON) while normally closed relays are closed until energized. Relays are always

shown in the de-energized position (no current flowing through the control circuit - OFF).

Normally open relays are the most common in vehicles; however either can be use in

automotive applications.


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GPS


Advantages of relay:

Relays can switch A

Relays can switch hi

Relays are often a be

Relays can switch m

Disadvantages of relays:

Relays are bulkier th

Relays cannot switc

times per second.

Relays use more po

Relays require more

transistor may be nee

MAX232..

MAX232 chip



and DC, transistors can only switch DC.

her voltages than standard transistors.

ter choice for switching large currents (> 5A).

ny contacts at once.

an transistors for switching small currents.

rapidly (except reed relays), transistors can s

er due to the current flowing through their coil.

current than many ICs can provide, so a low

ded to switch the current for the relay's coil.

SHERMEN

Page 20

itch many

.

power


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The MAX232 is anintegrated circuit that converts signals from an RS-232 serial port to

signals suitable for use inTTL compatible digital logic circuits. The MAX232 is a dual

driver/receiver and typically converts the RX, TX, CTS and RTS signals.

The drivers provide RS-232 voltage level outputs (approx. 7.5 V) from a single + 5 V

supply via on-chip charge pumps and external capacitors. This makes it useful for

implementing RS-232 in devices that otherwise do not need any voltages outside the 0 V

to + 5 V range, as power supply design does not need to be made more complicated just

for driving the RS-232 in this case.

The receivers reduce RS-232 inputs (which may be as high as 25 V), to standard 5 V

TTL levels. These receivers have a typical threshold of 1.3 V, and a typicalhysteresis of

0.5 V.

The later MAX232A is backwards compatible with the original MAX232 but may

operate at higher baud rates and can use smaller external capacitors 0.1 F in place of

the 1.0 F capacitors used with the original device.

The newer MAX3232 is also backwards compatible, but operates at a broader voltage

range, from 3 to 5.5 V.

Pin to pin compatible: ICL232, ST232, ADM232, and HIN232.

Voltage levels

It is helpful to understand what occurs to the voltage levels. When a MAX232 IC receives

a TTL level to convert, it changes a TTL Logic 0 to between +3 and +15 V, and changes

TTL Logic 1 to between -3 to -15 V, and vice versa for converting from RS232 to TTL.

This can be confusing when you realize that the RS232 Data Transmission voltages at a

certain logic state are opposite from the RS232 Control Line voltages at the same logic

state. To clarify the matter, see the table below. For more information see RS-232

Voltage Levels.

RS232 Line Type & Logic LevelRS232

Voltage

TTL Voltage to/from

MAX232

Data Transmission (Rx/Tx) Logic 0 +3 V to +15 V 0 V


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Data Transmission (Rx/Tx) Logic 1-3 V to -15 V 5 V

Control Signals (RTS/CTS/DTR/DSR)

Logic

0

-3 V to -15 V 5 V

Control Signals (RTS/CTS/DTR/DSR)

Logic

1

+3 V to +15 V 0 V

FIG 6: (a) INSIDE MAX232

(b)ITS CONNECTION WITH 8051


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GSM

GSM (Global System for Mobile) / GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) TTL Modem

is SIM900 Quad-band GSM / GPRS device, works on frequencies 850 MHZ, 900 MHZ,

1800MHZ and 1900 MHZ. It is very compact in size and easy to use as plug in GSM

Modem.

TheModem is designed with 3V3 and 5V DC TTL interfacing circuitry, which allows

User to directlyinterface with 5V Microcontrollers (PIC, AVR, Arduino, 8051, etc.) aswell as 3V3Microcontrollers (ARM, ARM Cortex XX, etc.). The baud rate can be

configurable from 9600-115200 bps through AT (Attention) commands. This

GSM/GPRS TTL Modem has internalTCP/IP stack to enable User to connect with

internet through GPRS feature. It is suitable for SMSas well as DATA transfer

application in mobile phone to mobile phone interface.

MAX232 converts from RS232 voltage levels to

TTL voltage levels uses a +5 V power source MAX232 has two sets of line drivers for

transferring and receiving data line drivers used for TxD are called T1

and T2 line drivers for RxD are designated as R1

RxD and TxD pins in the 8051 8051 has two pins used for

transferring and receiving data

serially

TxD and RxD are part of the port

3 group

pin 11 (P3.1) is assigned to TxD


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The modem can be interfaced with a Microcontroller using USART (Universal

Synchronous Asynchronous Receiver and Transmitter) feature (serial communication).

Features:

Quad Band GSM/GPRS : 850 / 900 / 1800 / 1900 MHz

Built in RS232 to TTL or viceversa Logic Converter (MAX232)

Configurable Baud Rate

SMA (SubMiniature version A) connector with GSM L Type Antenna

Built in SIM (Subscriber Identity Module) Card holder

Built in Network Status LED

Inbuilt Powerful TCP / IP (Transfer Control Protocol / Internet Protocol) stack for

Internet data transfer through GPRS (General Packet Radio Service)

Audio Interface Connectors (Audio in and Audio out)

Most Status and Controlling pins are available

Normal Operation Temperature : -20 C to +55 C

Input Voltage : 5V to 12V DC

LDB9 connector (Serial Port) provided for easy interfacing


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SIMCom SIM900A GSM Module:

This is actual SIM900 GSM module which is manufactured by SIMCom.

Designed for global market, SIM900 is a quad-band GSM/GPRS engine that works on

frequencies GSM 850MHz, EGSM 900MHz, DCS 1800MHz and PCS

1900MHz.SIM900 features GPRS multislot class 10/ class 8 (optional) and supports the

GPRS coding schemes CS-1, CS-2, CS-3 and CS-4. With a tiny configuration of 24mm x

24mm x 3mm, SIM900 can meet almost all the space

MAX232 IC:

The MAX232 is an integrated circuit that converts signals from an RS-232 serial

port to signals suitable for use in TTL compatible digital logic circuits, so that

devices works

on TTL logic can share the data with devices connected through Serial port (DB9

Connector).

Serial port / DB9 connector:

User just needs to attach RS232 cable here so that it can be connected to devices which

has Serial port / DB9 Connector.


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Power Supply Socket:

This power supply socket which actually named as AC/DC Socket provides the

Functionality to user to connect external power supply from Transformer, Battery or

Adapter through DC jack. User can provide maximum of 12V AC/DC power supply

through AC/DC socket. This is power supply designed into maximum protection

consideration so that it can even prevent reverse polarity DC power supply as well as DC

conversion from AC power Supply. Italso includes LM317 Voltage Regulator which

provides an output voltage adjustable over a1.2Vto 37V.

Power On/Off and GSM On Switch:

Power On/Off switch is type of push-on push-off DPDT switch which is used for

onlyMake power supply on/off provided through AC/DC Socket indicated by Power

LED. GSM on Switch is type of Push on DPST tactile switch which is used for only to

make GSM module On indicated by Module On/Off LED while initiating with

Network indicated by Network Indication LED.


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The system provides critical capabilities to military, civil and commercial users around

the world. It is maintained by the United States government and is freely accessible to

anyone with a GPS receiver.

The GPS project was developed in 1973 to overcome the limitations of previous

navigation systems,[1] integrating ideas from several predecessors, including a number of

classified engineering design studies from the 1960s. GPS was created and realized by the

U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) and was originally run with 24 satellites. It became

fully operational in 1994. Roger L. Easton is generally credited as its inventor.

Advances in technology and new demands on the existing system have now led to

efforts to modernize the GPS system and implement the next generation of GPS III

satellites and Next Generation Operational Control System (OCX).[2] Announcements

from the Vice President and the White House in 1998 initiated these changes. In 2000,

U.S. Congress authorized the modernization effort, GPS III.

In addition to GPS, other systems are in use or under development. The Russian

Global Navigation Satellite System (GLONASS) was developed contemporaneously with

GPS, but suffered from incomplete coverage of the globe until the mid-2000s. There are

also the planned European Union Galileo positioning system, Chinese Compass

navigation system, and Indian Regional Navigational Satellite System.

BASIC CONCEPT OF GPS

A GPS receiver calculates its position by precisely timing the signals sent by

GPS satellites high above the Earth. Each satellite continually transmits messages that

includethe time the message was transmittedsatellite position at time of message

transmission. The receiver uses the messages it receives to determine the transit time of

each message and computes the distance to each satellite using the speed of light. Each of

these distances and satellites' locations define a sphere.

The receiver is on the surface of each of these spheres when the distances and the

satellites' locations are correct. These distances and satellites' locations are used to

compute the location of the receiver using the navigation equations. This location is then

displayed, perhaps with a moving map display or latitude and longitude; elevation


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information may be included. Many GPS units show derived information such as

direction and speed, calculated from position changes.

In typical GPS operation, four or more satellites must be visible to obtain an accurate

result. Four sphere surfaces typically do not intersect. [a] Because of this, it can be said

with confidence that when the navigation equations are solved to find an intersection, this

solution gives the position of the receiver along with the difference between the time kept

by the receiver's on-board clock and the true time-of-day, thereby eliminating the need for

a very large, expensive, and power hungry clock. The very accurately computed time is

used only for display or not at all in many GPS applications, which use only the location.

A number of applications for GPS do make use of this cheap and highly accurate timing.

These include time transfer, traffic signal timing, andsynchronization of cell phone base

stations.

Although four satellites are required for normal operation, fewer apply in special cases. If

one variable is already known, a receiver can determine its position using only three

satellites. For example, a ship or aircraft may have known elevation. Some GPS receivers

may use additional clues or assumptions such as reusing the last known altitude, dead

reckoning, inertial navigation, or including information from the vehicle computer, to

give a (possibly degraded) position when fewer than four satellites are visible.

The current GPS consists of three major segments. These are the space segment (SS), a

control segment (CS), and a user segment (US).[45] The U.S. Air Force develops,

maintains, and operates the space and control segments. GPS satellites broadcast

signals from space, and each GPS receiver uses these signals to calculate its three-

dimensional location (latitude, longitude, and altitude) and the current time.

Applications:

While originally a military project, GPS is considered a dual-use technology, meaning it

has significant military and civilian applications.

GPS has become a widely deployed and useful tool for commerce, scientific uses,

tracking, and surveillance. GPS's accurate time facilitates everyday activities such as

banking, mobile phone operations, and even the control of power grids by allowing well

synchronized hand-off switching.


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GPS


A basic model of electric b

resistors, a capacitor and 55

multi-vibrator functions. It w

As what its name suggests, e



BUZZER:

zzer usually consists of simple circuit compo

timers IC or an integrated circuit with a rang

orks the same manner as an electric bell but wi

lectro-mechanical buzzer produces sound electr

SHERMEN

Page 30

ents such as

of timer and

hout the bell.

nically.


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The signal or siren is not a speaker. Alternatively, what produces the sound is the air

moving through the holes.

FIG 7: CIRCIUT DIAGRAM OF BUZZER


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CHAPTER 5:

SOFTWARE

5.1 Introduction

The C programming language is perhaps the most popular programming language for

programming embedded systems. (Earlier Embedded Systems/Embedded Systems

Introduction Which Programming Languages Will This Book Use? we mentioned other

popular programming languages).

Most C programmers are spoiled because they program in environments where not only is

there a standard library implementation, but there are frequently a number of other

libraries available for use. The cold fact is, that in embedded systems, there rarely are

many of the libraries that programmers have grown used to, but occasionally an

embedded system might not have a complete standard library, if there is a standard library

at all. Few embedded systems have capability for dynamic linking, so if standard library

functions are to be available at all, they often need to be directly linked into the

executable. Oftentimes, because of space concerns, it is not possible to link in an entire

library file, and programmers are often forced to "brew their own" standard c library

implementations if they want to use them at all. While some libraries are bulky and not

well suited for use on microcontrollers, many development systems still include the

standard libraries which are the most common for C programmers.

C remains a very popular language for micro-controller developers due to the code

efficiency and reduced overhead and development time. C offers low-level control and is

considered more readable than assembly. Many free C compilers are available for a wide

variety of development platforms. The compilers are part of an IDEs with ICD support,

breakpoints, single-stepping and an assembly window. The performance of C compilers

has improved considerably in recent years, and they are claimed to be more or less as

good as assembly, depending on who you ask. Most tools now offer options for

customizing the compiler optimization. Additionally, using C increases portability, since

C code can be compiled for different types of processors.


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. Embedded C

An embedded system is an application that contains at least one programmable

computer (typically in the form of a microcontroller, a microprocessor or digital signal

processor chip) and which is used by individuals who are, in the main, unaware that

the system is computer-based. In embedded C this can be done using specific inbuilt

instructions. Embedded C is Controller or target specific. Embedded C allows direct

communication with memory.

Keil U Vision IDE

Keil Software is used provide you with software development tools for 8051

based microcontrollers. With the Keil tools, you can generate embedded

applications for virtually every 8051 derivative

PROGRAM

/*@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@*/#include"Variable.h"#include

void main(void){staticunsignedchar ucSThreadSState = INIT_LCD;

while(1){

switch(ucSThreadSState) {case INIT_LCD:

SCONF = 0x02;

SEL_GSM_GPS = 0; MOTAR = 1;

BUZZER = 0; LCD_INIT();

Prep_lcd_Write_Data("Border Alert Ind",LINE1_ADDR, " ForFisher Men ", LINE2_ADDR);

MSDelay(200);ucSThreadSState = SERIEL_INIT;

break;


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case SERIEL_INIT:serial_Init();ucSThreadSState = MODEM_INIT;

break;

case MODEM_INIT:check_Modem();check_SIM_SIMPIN();

Prep_lcd_Write_Data(" Modem Init ",LINE1_ADDR, " PleaseWait ", LINE2_ADDR);

TxdCommandToModem("AT+CMGF=1\r\n"); //TextMode enable for the SMS

MSDelay(200);

TxdCommandToModem("AT+CNMI=2,0,0,1,0\r\n");//SMS Alert indication command

MSDelay(200);

//TxdCommandToModem("AT+CMGD=1\r\n"); //DeleteINBOX

MSDelay(100);

TxdCommandToModem("AT+CMGD=2\r\n"); //DeleteINBOX

MSDelay(100);


MSDelay(100);


MSDelay(100);



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MSDelay(100);

Prep_lcd_Write_Data("Border Alert Ind",LINE1_ADDR, "For Fisher Men ", LINE2_ADDR); ClearRecdCharArray();

recd_count = 0;ucSMSGPGGA_Flag = 0;

for(i=0; i


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}

void check_Modem(void){unsignedchar count = 0;

gbok_flag = 0;

while(1){

ClearRecdCharArray();recd_count=0;TxdCommandToModem("AT\r\n");

gbok_flag = mystr_recdchar_ncmp("OK",2);// gbok_flag =1;

if(gbok_flag)break;

count++;if(count == 10) {

Prep_lcd_Write_Data("Modem init",LINE1_ADDR, "Fail", LINE2_ADDR); }

}

}

void check_SIM_SIMPIN(void){unsignedchar count = 0;

gbok_flag = 0; ClearRecdCharArray(); recd_count = 0;while(1)

{ MSDelay(50);

TxdCommandToModem("AT+CPIN?\r\n");gbok_flag = mystr_recdchar_ncmp("READY",5);

//gbok_flag=1;if(gbok_flag)

break;

ClearRecdCharArray(); recd_count = 0; count++;

if(count == 10) Prep_lcd_Write_Data("INSERT SIM",LINE1_ADDR, "CARD", LINE2_ADDR);

}}


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//This finction used to send the data or string to seriely till null presencevoid TxdCommandToModem(unsignedchar *s){while(*s!=NULL_00)

{ SBUF = *s;

MSDelay(1); s++;}MSDelay(50);

}

void ClearRecdCharArray(void) //void TxdCommandToModem(unsigned char *s){

unsignedchar loop;

for(loop=0; loop


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{PCON = 0x80;//doubling the baud rateTMOD = 0x20;//timer1 mode2 (autoreload)TH1 = 0xFA; // 9600 BaudrateSCON = 0x50; //serial mode1 8bit dataTR1 = 1;//T1 CONTR0L BIT

TI = 1;RI = 0;ES = 1;PS = 1;EA = 1;

}

void serial(void) interrupt 4{

unsignedchar temp_char;

if(TI) { TI = 0;

}elseif(RI) {

temp_char = SBUF;RI = 0;

//$GPGGA,124138.001,1257.8899,N,07732.0803,E,1,09,0.9,913.8,M,-85.2,M,,0000*7A$0D

if((temp_char>='A'&& temp_char='0'&& temp_char=MAX_RECD_CHAR)

recd_count = 0; }

}}


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void Handle_GPGGA(void){unsignedchar i,n,k = 0;unsignedlongint uliLong = 0;unsignedchar output[6] = "000000";

SEL_GSM_GPS = 1; ////////////

while(1) {

//$GPGGA,124138.001,1257.8899,N,07732.0803,E,1,09,0.9,913.8,M,-85.2,M,,0000*7A$0D

REN = 1;

MSDelay(50);

gubGPGSA = mystr_recdchar_ncmp("GPGSA",5);

if(gubGPGSA){ REN = 0; gubGPGGA = mystr_recdchar_ncmp("GPGGA",5);

if(gubGPGGA) {

memset(ucDisplay1,BLANK_SPACE,MAX_DISP_CHAR);

memset(ucDisplay2,BLANK_SPACE,MAX_DISP_CHAR);

//////////////////////// Latitude ////////////////////

//$GPGGA,124138.001,1257.8899,N,07732.0803,E,1,09,0.9,913.8,M,-85.2,M,,0000*7A$0D

Latitude[0] = recd_char[StringPos+22]; Latitude[1] = recd_char[StringPos+23]; Latitude[2] = recd_char[StringPos+24]; Latitude[3] = recd_char[StringPos+25]; Latitude[4] = NULL_00;

uliLong = atol(&Latitude[0]); uliLong = uliLong * CONVERT_SEC_MILISEC; n=5;while(uliLong)

{k=uliLong%10;uliLong=uliLong/10;output[n--]= k + ASCII_NUM_ZER0;

}


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ucDisplay1[0] = recd_char[StringPos+17]; ucDisplay1[1] = recd_char[StringPos+18];

ucDisplay1[2] = 0x20; ucDisplay1[3] = recd_char[StringPos+19]; ucDisplay1[4] = recd_char[StringPos+20]; ucDisplay1[5] = 0x20;

ucDisplay1[6] = output[0];ucDisplay1[7] = output[1];ucDisplay1[8] = '.';

ucDisplay1[9] = output[2];ucDisplay1[10] = output[3];ucDisplay1[11] = recd_char[StringPos+27];

ucDisplay1[16] = NULL_00;

//////////////////////// Longitude ////////////////////

//$GPGGA,124138.001,1257.8899,N,07732.0803,E,1,09,0.9,913.8,M,-85.2,M,,0000*7A$0D

Langitude[0] = recd_char[StringPos+35]; Langitude[1] = recd_char[StringPos+36]; Langitude[2] = recd_char[StringPos+37]; Langitude[3] = recd_char[StringPos+38]; Langitude[4] = NULL_00; uliLong = atol(&Langitude[0]); uliLong = uliLong * CONVERT_SEC_MILISEC; n=5; memset(output,ASCII_NUM_ZER0,6);while(uliLong)

{k=uliLong%10;

uliLong=uliLong/10;output[n--]= k + ASCII_NUM_ZER0;

}ucDisplay2[0] = recd_char[StringPos+30];ucDisplay2[1] = recd_char[StringPos+31];ucDisplay1[2] = 0x20;ucDisplay2[3] = recd_char[StringPos+32];ucDisplay2[4] = recd_char[StringPos+33];ucDisplay1[5] = 0x20;ucDisplay2[6] = output[0];ucDisplay2[7] = output[1];

ucDisplay2[8] = '.';ucDisplay2[9] = output[2];ucDisplay2[10] = output[3];ucDisplay2[11] = recd_char[StringPos+40]; // E or WucDisplay2[13] = '-';ucDisplay2[14] = recd_char[StringPos+44]; //Number

of cells PresentucDisplay2[15] = recd_char[StringPos+45];if(ucDisplay2[15]==',')


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{ ucDisplay2[15] = ucDisplay2[14]; ucDisplay2[14] = 0x30;}

ucDisplay2[16] = NULL_00;////////////// SMS Format //////////////

memset(ucxSMSLatLongData,0x20,33);

for(i=0; i= '5') && (ucDisplay1[7] >= '3'))

{

BUZZER = 1;MOTAR = 0;Prep_lcd_Write_Data("Border

Crossinng",LINE1_ADDR, "Take back Boat", LINE2_ADDR);if(ucSMSFlag == 1) {

SEL_GSM_GPS = 0; ucSMSFlag = 0;

Sms_CommandToModem("Border Crossed"); Prep_lcd_Write_Data(&ucDisplay1[0],LINE1_ADDR, &ucDisplay2[0],LINE2_ADDR);

} }elseif((ucDisplay1[6]


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REN =0; SEL_GSM_GPS = 1;

ClearRecdCharArray(); recd_count = 0;

gubGPGGA = 0; gubGPGSA = 0;

break; }

}//GPGGA}//GPGSA

}}

//Send the SMS w.r.t the MGMT

void Sms_CommandToModem(unsignedchar *s){

Prep_lcd_Write_Data("Sending....SMS ",LINE1_ADDR, "Please Wait ",LINE2_ADDR);

TxdCommandToModem(&ucMGMTNum1[0]); MSDelay(25);

ClearRecdCharArray();recd_count = 0;

while(*s!=NULL_00) //Send the characters from string s till NULL present{ SBUF = *s;

MSDelay(1);

s++;}SBUF = CONTRL_Z;MSDelay(10);s++;SBUF = CARRIAGE_RETURN; //send the carriaghe returnClearRecdCharArray();recd_count = 0;while((!mystr_recdchar_ncmp("OK",2)) &&

(!mystr_recdchar_ncmp("ERROR",5))); //Wait for OK or ERROR after sent SMSif(mystr_recdchar_ncmp("OK",2))

Prep_lcd_Write_Data("Message Sent ",LINE1_ADDR, "Successfully ",LINE2_ADDR);elseif(mystr_recdchar_ncmp("ERROR",5))

Prep_lcd_Write_Data("Message Sending",LINE1_ADDR, "Failed ",LINE2_ADDR); MSDelay(100);

ClearRecdCharArray();recd_count = 0;

}


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FLOW CHART


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CHAPTER 6:

EXPECTED RESULT:

This project enables authority people on the sea shore to stop the boat, sends the

message to the owner and starts the buzzer in the boat whenever he crosses a fixed

latitude and longitude (not to cross location).

CHAPTER 7:

EXPERIMENTAL SETUP


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CHAPTER 8:

ADVANTAGES

1. It saves the life of the fisher man who are unaware about the territorial border.

2. It avoids the conflicts between the countries because of crossing the border by the

fisherman.

3. It can also be used for other vehicles for location purpose.

4. It does not require any manual operation.

CHAPTER 9:

APPLICATIONS

1. This project helps to get exact location of the boat and by using Google earth we

Can trace the boat.

2. Using the locations the boat owner can call the fisherman and tell him not to cross

further or return back.

3. This project makes use of a buzzer and it starts the buzzer whenever the limit is

reached.


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CHAPTER 10:

CONCLUSION AND FUTURE ENHANCEMENT

It is a useful device for safer navigation, especially for fishermen. Since Sri Lanka and

India have got lots of problems regarding the maritime boundary of the country, this

device is made to identify the maritime boundary and to provide assistance if needed.

The main advantage of this project is compact and low cost. Our project can be extended

to advance future components and PIC microcontroller, so that it can be widened to large

applications with more accurate results.

The design of the device can be made even smaller than proposed by modifying the

design specifications. Efficiency can be improved by implementing more accurate GPS

systems.

This application can be integrated with mobile phones, PDA so as to make it

portable. This helps in extending its scope not only to maritime boundary identification,

but also to other ideas.


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REFERENCES:

WWW.PHILIPS.COM

WWW.KEIL.COM

WWW.MICROCHIP.COM

WWW.ATMEL.COM

WWW.DALLAS.COM

WWW.PYRAMIDSERIES.COM

WWW.2WIRESERIALEEPROM.COM

THE 8051

THE 8051 MICRO CONTROLLER

THE8051

Documents

Fisherman Report