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KyungWon Engineering & Communication
First Talks for introducing OpenSource OpenFOAM
호서대 OF미팅
05. 26, 2015
김군홍
경원이앤씨
seminar_KWEnC2015
KyungWon Engineering & Communication Copyright
OpenFOAM Foundation | OPENFOAM and OpenCFD are registered trademarks of
OpenCFD Ltd.
OpenFOAM
=
OpenSource
Field of Operation And Manipulation
KyungWon Engineering & Communication Contents
1. OpenFOAM 소개와 생각
2. OpenFOAM 적용 프로세스
3. KWEnC 활용 사례(연소 분야)
4. GUI 개발 방향 소개
KyungWon Engineering & Communication About OpenFOAM
OpenFOAM is a free, open source CFD software package, licensed and distributed
by the OpenFOAM Foundation .
www.openfoam.org
A large user base: most areas of engineering and science,
from both commercial and academic organisations.
An extensive range of features to solve anything from complex fluid flows.
KyungWon Engineering & Communication Features of OpenFOAM
By being open, OpenFOAM offers users complete freedom to customise and
extend its existing functionality.
Solver Capabilities Incompressible flows Multiphase flows Combustion Buoyancy-driven flows Conjugate heat transfer Compressible flows Particle methods (DEM, DSMC, MD) Other (Solid dynamics, electromagnetics)
Library Functionality Turbulence models Transport/rheology models Thermophysical models Lagrangian particle tracking Reaction kinetics / chemistry
Code Customisation Creating solvers in OpenFOAM Extending library functionality
Post-processing ParaView and VTK post-processing Run-time post-processing Third-party post-processing
Meshing Tools Mesh generation in OpenFOAM Converting meshes into OpenFOAM format Tools to manipulate meshes
Core Technology Numerical method Linear system solvers ODE system solvers Parallel computing Dynamic mesh
A highly modular code design
KyungWon Engineering & Communication The OpenFOAM Foundation
The OpenFOAM® Foundation is a not-for-profit organisation, founded in 2011,
that manages the development of OpenFOAM and distribution to the public
under the GPL.
a Board of Directors including;
Henry Weller (creator and architect of OpenFOAM)
Chris Greenshields, CFD Direct
Cristel de Rouvray, ESI Group.
a Governance Structure;
Financial Membership for organisations that pay a fee to fund the Foundation
and participate in the evolution of the software.
Contributing Membership for individuals that make a significant personal
contribution to OpenFOAM, for the public good.
Technical Committees, that participate in software management, such as model
implementation, testing and validation.
KyungWon Engineering & Communication OpenSource OpenFOAM
As the copyright holder, the Foundation licenses OpenFOAM free and
open source only, under the GNU general public licence(GPL).
The GPL gives users the freedom to modify and redistribute the software and a
guarantee of continued free use — as long as the terms of the GPL are adhered to. In
particular, there are terms to the GPL that provide protection against exploitation by
companies including OpenFOAM within non-free and/or closed source software
products.
First, when any modified version of the software is redistributed, the source code
must also be made available by the distributor.
Secondly, any modified version can only legally be distributed open source
under the GPL , without limiting the rights on further redistribution. Software
that links intimately enough to OpenFOAM has to be distributed under the GPL as
well. Copyright statements on the software must remain intact.
KyungWon Engineering & Communication
8
The goal of the Extend-Project is to open the OpenFOAM® CFD toolbox to
community contributed extensions in the spirit of the OpenSource development
model.
www.extend-project.de
Community-driven Releases of OpenFOAM®
The Extend Project covers …
The primary technical mechanisms made available under OpenFOAM extensions at SourceForge.net® for facilitating the worldwide collaborative collaboration are Subversion and GIT Repositories for user developments related to OpenFOAM: http://sourceforge.net/projects/openfoam-extend
The Wiki collects information about the OpenSource CFD toolbox OpenFOAM and provides a platform for joint collaborations. http://openfoamwiki.net
The Extend Test Harness is based on CDash, an open source, web-based software testing server. It is useful for keeping your installation of OpenFOAM-ext up-to-date with the latest source code release, and to run it automatically against a suite of predefined test cases. http://openfoam-extend.sourceforge.net/CDash/index.php
Extend Bug Tracker based upon MantisBT and provided by SourceForge.Net®. It is designed to help quality assurance and intended to provide precise information to the developers on how to reproduce the bug exactly in the underlying system and program version. http://sourceforge.net/apps/mantisbt/openfoam-extend/main_page.php
The OpenFOAM® Extend Project
KyungWon Engineering & Communication OpenFOAM 진화론
오픈소스의 선택 자유
증가하는 사용자
다양한 적용 분야 확대
논문 수 증가
관련 업체 수 증가
적응
유전자 다양성
유전자 부동
유전자 이동
돌연변이
자연선택
공진화
공생
종분화
절멸
OpenFOAM은 CAE 소프트웨어와 오픈 소스 분야에 큰 이슈로 지속적 변화를 주도하고 있다.
KyungWon Engineering & Communication
와해성 혁신이 가져올
미래 준비됐나요
새로운 기술은 기존 시장을
위태롭게 만들기도 한다. 한국은
이런 혁신을 가로막는 제도가 많다.
선진국에 뒤떨어지고 있다는
뜻이다. 시사IN 제345호, 2014년 4/26
Disruptive Innovation
KyungWon Engineering & Communication
새로운 기술은 새로운 시장과
직장을 만들어내지만 반대로 기존
체계, 즉 기존 시장과 직업을
위태롭게 만든다. 더불어 새로운
현상을 만들어내기 때문에 새로운
제도와 사회적 합의가 필요해진다.
이런 현상을 일컬어 ‘와해성
혁신(distruptive innovation)’이라고
말한다.
KyungWon Engineering & Communication Brief history
90’s: FOAM developed at Imperial college by H.G. Weller, H. Jasak and others
Nablar Ltd developing and supporting commercial FOAM
1999
OpenCFD Ltd releases OpenFOAM-1.0 under GPL
12/2
004
8/2
005 v1.2
First OpenFOAM workshop in Zagreb
1/2
006
3/2
006
v1.3
4/2
007
v1.4
Second OpenFOAM workshop in Zagreb
6/2
007
Third OpenFOAM workshop in Milan
6/2
008
7/2
008
v1.5
International OpenFOAM Conference in London
11/2
007
Open Source CFD International Conference in Berlin
12/2
00
8
6/2
009
Fourth OpenFOAM workshop in Montreal
7/2
009
v1.6
Open Source CFD International Conference in Barcelona
11/2
009
3/2
005
v1.1
2/2
010
KWEnC established
3/2
010
KWEnC starts services for OpenFOAM
KyungWon Engineering & Communication Brief history
OpenFOAM User Conference in Frankfurt
4/2
013
6/2
011
V2.0
12/2
011
V2.1
3/2
013
V2.2
6/2
011
Sixth OpenFOAM workshop in PennState
11/2
011
KWEnC User Meeting in Yong-In
4/2
013
KWEnC User Meeting in Won-Ju
4/2
012
6/2
011
ICON programing training course (1) 6/2
012
Seventh OpenFOAM workshop in Darmstadt
6/2
013
Eighth OpenFOAM workshop in Jeju
KWEnC User Meeting in Yong-In
5/2
011
Open Source CFD International Conference in Paris
10/2
012
Open Source CFD International Conference in London
10/2
013
Open Source CFD International Conference in Hamburg
6/2
010
v1.7
Open Source CFD International Conference in Munich
11/2
010
6/2
010
Fifth OpenFOAM workshop in Gothenburg
5/2
010
OpenCFD training course (1)
8/2
011
SGI acquires OpenCFD Ltd
9/2
012
ESI acquires OpenCFD Ltd
6/2
014
Ninth OpenFOAM workshop in Zagreb
2/2
014
V2.3
KyungWon Engineering & Communication Working processes of OpenFOAM
CAD MESH SIMULATION DATA-MANIPULATION
OpenFO
AM
- A
PPLIC
ATIO
N
DATA
-UTIL
ITY
MESH
-UTIL
ITY
SALOME
FreeCAD
PARAVIEW
GNUPLOT
OPENFOAM-Framework
Helyx-OS
KyungWon Engineering & Communication What can u do?
OpenFOAM 소스 체계에서 무엇을 할 수 있을까?
어떻케하면 “What to do”를 달성할 수 있나?
My ever Best Way is to
it.
KyungWon Engineering & Communication GUI is getting popular!
DICE (SSP, http://dicehub.net/): Dynamic Interface for Computation and Evaluation
Discretizer (Bjorn Bergqvist, http://www.discretizer.org/)
enGrid (enGits, engits.eu)
Helyx-OS (engys, http://engys.com/)
pyFoam (https://openfoamwiki.net/index.php/Contrib/PyFoam)
-----------------------------------------------------------
simFlow (simFlow CFD software, https://sim-flow.com/)
OpenFlow (Symscape, http://www.symscape.com)
DHCAE Tools (DHCAE Tools GmbH, http://www.dhcae-tools.com/)
iconCFD (icon, www.iconcfd.com)
blueCFD-AIR (blueCAPE, http://joomla.bluecape.com.pt/)
CFD support products (http://www.cfdsupport.com/)
cfSuite (Creative Fields, http://www.c-fields.com/)
Visual-CFD (ESI, http://www.esi-group.com)
OpenFOAM의 핵심 가치는 아니지만, 다양한 GUI 사업화가 활발하게 진행되고 있다.
KyungWon Engineering & Communication KWEnC 연소 모델링 소개
1. Detailed Combustion Modeling
2. Lab-Scale Combustor
3. Real-Scale Combustion System
KyungWon Engineering & Communication
Diluted Hydrogen Jet Flame
Temperature OH mole fraction
0
10
20
30
40
50
[mm]
0
10
20
30
40
50
[mm]
Combustion: Laminar flames
KyungWon Engineering & Communication
Axial OH mole fraction
● Three diffusion models show no clear differences due to diluted fuel(50%N2/50%H2) chemistry.
Combustion: Laminar flames
KyungWon Engineering & Communication
Axial Temperature & major species
Combustion: Laminar flames
KyungWon Engineering & Communication
Radial Temperature & species
Combustion: Laminar flames
KyungWon Engineering & Communication
22
Experiment of IFRF 0.8MW Oxy-NG flame furnace:
The high-momentum jet flame is issued from the burner into the refractory-
lined furnace.
Lab-Scale Combustor: Oxy-NG Flame
NG central tube 𝐷𝑔 = 16𝑚𝑚
Oxygen annulus 𝐷𝑖 = 28𝑚𝑚 𝐷𝑜 = 36𝑚𝑚
1050mm
1050mm
3440mm
740mm
Chimney 𝐷𝑜𝑢𝑡 = 500𝑚𝑚
Geometry & Mesh
Quarter volume = 218,013 cells
KyungWon Engineering & Communication
23
- Burner inlet condition
Boundary Pressure
Mass Flow rate
Mean Axial Velocity
Temperature
Pa [kg/h] [kg/s] [m/s] [K]
Fuel inlet 101325 63 0.0175 114.19 298.15
Oxy inlet 101325 224.5 0.062361 118.53 298.15
- Burner inlet chemical composition
Boundary Species
Molecular weight
Formation enthalpy
Molar fraction
Mass fraction
Perfect Mixing Mass fraction(2)
[-] [kg/kmol] [J/kmol] [%] [-] [-]
Fuel inlet
C1.122H4.244(1)
17.75434 -7.663413e+07 93.99 0.8940 0.195903
CO2 44.00995 -3.935324e+08 1.79 0.0422 0.009247
N2 28.01340 0 4.01 0.0602 0.013192
O2 31.99880 0 0.21 0.0036 0.781658
Air inlet O2 31.99880 0 1.0 1.0
(1)Numerical model natural gas 조성 : CH4(86%vol), C2H6(5.6%vol), C3H8(1.87%vol),C4H10(0.58%vol), C5H12(0.14%vol), CO2(1.79%vol),N2(4.01%vol),O2(0.21%vol) (2) Perfect mixing mass fraction at Outlet
- Furnace wall Temperature condition 𝑇 𝑥 = 1700.598 + 212.5872𝑥 − 46.66929𝑥2 where, x= axial distance from burner-tip
- Turbulence model : compressible 𝑘 − 𝜔 𝑆𝑆𝑇 𝑚𝑜𝑑𝑒𝑙
- Reaction mechanism : modified Jones-Lindstedt 4-step Mechanism
- Radiation model : P1 model with greyMeanAbsorptionEmission model
Lab-Scale Combustor: Condition
KyungWon Engineering & Communication
24
Lab-Scale Combustor: Flame Field
With strong entrainment of hot gas, jet-like flame is detached from tip of
burner and maintains stable reaction.
𝑈𝐹𝑈𝐸𝐿 = 114.19𝑚/𝑠
𝑈𝑂𝑋𝑌 = 118.53𝑚/𝑠
Lift-off
KyungWon Engineering & Communication
25
Lab-Scale Combustor: Validation D
ista
nce
[m
] fr
om
burn
er-
tip
Radial distance [m] from center-axis
Compared to measurements and others’ simulations, the code shows
sufficient predictability for steady combustion.
KyungWon Engineering & Communication
26
Thermal condition of slabs is the very important point in simulating slab-
reheating furnace. Actually heat capacity of slabs has a large portion of heat
balance in RHF
=> How to calculate temperatures of slabs?
Industrial Combustor: Reheating Furnace
Slabs in RHF
http://www.fivesgroup.com/
Discharge Door
Cold slab
Hot slab Charging slab
KyungWon Engineering & Communication
27
Code Development of Reheating Furnace
FURNACE ASSEMBLY
Slab Array(static) Conduction
Furnace Walls Fixed Temperatures
Two different simulations are applied cyclically in order to calculate more
realistic thermal values in slab-array.
Furnace Chamber Flow
Species Chemistry
Energy Radiation
FURNACE ASSEMBLY
Slab Array(dynamic) Conduction
Furnace Walls Fixed Temperatures
Furnace Chamber Flow
Species Chemistry
Energy Radiation
Slab Temperatures
Flame Fields
Flame Code Weakly-Coupled Heat Code
Simulation Cycle
KyungWon Engineering & Communication
28
MESH
BURNER
DIVIDED FURNACE
UNIT-BURNER
FURNACE ASSEMBLY
SIMULATION
MESH Quality FLAME Conditions
SINGLE CHAMBER
DATA ANALYSIS
COARSE FURNACE
REFINED FURNACE
Divided topology of furnace
Mesh refinement topology
Stich burners on furnace
Reacting flows Reheating Performance
Emissions etc
Estimation of Initial temperatures based on given data
Operating conditions
SLAB ARRAY
Simulation Processes of Reheating Furnace
Processes of RHF-simulation
KyungWon Engineering & Communication
29
Slab-reheating furnace
Burner system: total 56 number • Regenerative burners: total 48 number • Air-staged burners: total 8 number -Combustion-mode: 24 -Exhaust-mode: 24 • Chemistry • Chemistry -Fuel: COG+BFG (27℃) -Fuel: COG+BFG (27℃) -Oxidizer: heated air (990℃) -Oxidizer: heated air (500℃) Slab-Array: total 19 number (weight: ~24.7 Ton/#) • Heating time: 212 min • Charging temperature (30℃), Discharging temperature (1197℃)
4.7
6 m
Charge Door-Side
Discharge Door-Side
Chimney
KyungWon Engineering & Communication
30
4.7
6 m
Multiple Flames in RHF
With frozen temperatures of slab-array, steady flame calculation is done to
simulate reacting flows in furnace.
• Complex flows improve homogeneity of gas temperatures around slabs
KyungWon Engineering & Communication
31
Slab-Heating Performance
History of slab-temperature shows a reasonable result to evaluate the
heating performance of RHF.
Initial assumption
Soaking Zone
Heating Zone
Pre-Heating Zone(II)
Pre-Heating Zone(I)
Conve
ctio
n
Zone
KyungWon Engineering & Communication
32
OpenFOAM 활동: 연소(화학반응) [1/4]
사업화 기간: 2010년 ~ 현재
• 분야:
- 프로그램 개발/해석 용역: OpenFOAM, python, salome etc (오픈 소스 SW)
- 교육: OpenFOAM Basic/Advanced
연소해석 전문가: 3인
(1) 김군홍 수석: 지도교수(한양대 기계공학과 김용모 교수)
박사학위: Conditional Moment Closure and Transient Flamelet Modeling for Detailed Structure and
NOx Formation Characteristics of Turbulent Nonpremixed Flames(2006)
심사위원: Robert W. Bilger(Univ. of Sydey), 허강렬 교수(포항공대), 김세원 박사 (한국생산기술연구원),
이창식 교수, 김용모 교수(한양대)
석사학위: 층류 비예혼합 화염장의 온도 및 농도 계측에 대한 연구(1998)
(2) 김창환 선임: 지도교수(한양대 기계공학과 김용모 교수)
석사학위: 네트워크 화학반응모델을 이용한 가스터빈 연소기의 연소 과정 및 공해 배출 특성 해석 (2009)
(3) 오경택 주임: 지도교수(한양대 기계공학과 김용모 교수)
석사학위: 난류 선회 등온 및 연소 유동장 불안정성의 수치해석 (2012)
KyungWon Engineering & Communication
33
OpenFOAM 활동: 연소(화학반응) [2/4]
학술 활동: 2010년 ~ 현재
• Gun-Hong Kim, Kyung-Taek Oh, Chang-Hwan Kim, Deok-Hong Kang, “Application of OpenFOAM to simulate
steady combusting flow in industrial furnaces,” 9th OpenFOAM Workshop, 23-26 June 2014 in Zagreb, Croatia
(2014)
• 김군홍, 오경택, 김창환, 강덕홍, “오픈 소스 OpenFOAM을 이용한 철강 산업 가열로 내부 화염장과 슬라브
온도의 해석적 연구,” 제 48회 KOSCO SYMPOSIUM 2014년도 춘계 학술대회 (2014)
• 오경택, 김군홍, “오픈소스 OpenFOAM을 이용한 실제 금속폼의 유동 및 열전달 특성,” 한국전산유체공학회 추계
학술대회 (2014)
• 오경택, 김군홍, “오픈소스 OpenFOAM을 이용한 정상상태 난류 연소장에 대한 해석적 연구,” 제 47 회 KOSCO
SYMPOSIUM 2013년도 추계 학술대회 (2013)
• 김군홍, 오경택, “오픈소스 OpenFOAM을 이용한 3차원 공간 내의 수소 화염 가속화에 대한 해석적 연구,”
한국전산유체공학회 추계학술 대회 (2013)
• Ki-Young Jung, Yongmo Kim, Gunhong Kim, “Implementation of RIF Model into OpenFOAM,” 8th OpenFOAM
Workshop, Jeju Korea, 11-14 June, (2013)
• Gunhong Kim, Sangtae Jeon, Jeongwon Lee, Yongmo Kim, “DQMOM-based PDF Transport Modeling for
Turbulent Lifted Flame with Autoignition,” 8th OpenFOAM Workshop, Jeju Korea, 11-14 June (2013)
• Kyung-Taek Oh, Gun-Hong Kim, “LES-based Flamelet Modeling for Instabilities of Turbulent Swirling
isoThermal and Reacting flows,” 8th OpenFOAM Workshop, Jeju Korea, 11-14 June (2013)
• Jongtae Kim, Sang-Baik Kim, Seong-Wan Hong, Gun-Hong Kim, “Use of OpenFOAM for Evaluation of
Hydrogen Safety in a Nuclear Power Plant,” 8th OpenFOAM Workshop, Jeju Korea, 11-14 June (2013)
• GunHong Kim, KiYoung Jung, Yongmo Kim, “Implementation of the detailed chemistry and variable transport
properties for simulating laminar chemically reacting flows,” 8th OpenFOAM Workshop, Jeju Korea, 11-14 June
(2013)
KyungWon Engineering & Communication
34
OpenFOAM 활동: 연소(화학반응) [3/4]
• 김군홍, 김상택, 홍성완, “오픈 소스 OpenFOAM을 이용한 원자력 격납 건물용 피동형 촉매 재결합기 수치해석
모델 개발,” 한국전산유체공학회 추계학술 대회, 부산대학교, 11월 23일 (2012)
• 김군홍 “오픈 소스 OpenFOAM을 이용한 층류 수소 제트 화염장 내의 다종 확산 수치해석 모델 개발,” 45th
KOSCO SYMPOSIUM, 추계 (2012)
• Mino Woo, Changhwan Kim, Gunhong Kim, “Consideration on heat and reaction in metal foam,” 7th
OpenFOAM Workshop, Darmstadt, Germany, 25-28 June (2012)
• GunHong Kim, Mino Woo, Jongtae Kim, Sang-Baik Kim, “Simulation of Hydrogen Flame Acceleration by using
XiFoam,” 6th OpenFOAM Workshop, PenState University, USA, 13-16 June (2011)
• 김종태, 김상백, 김군홍, “밀폐된 격실에서의 수소화염 가속에 대한 수치해석,” 한국전산유체공학회 춘계학술대회
(2011)
• 김종태, 김상백, 김군홍, “원자력 발전소 격실에서의 수소화염 가속에 대한 수치해석 연구,” 한국전산유체공학회,
Vol. 15, No. 4, pp. 67-75 (2010)
KyungWon Engineering & Communication GUI 개발 방향
Customized Interfacing GUI
OpenFOAM에 전용화된 사용자 환경을 구축할 수 있는 GUI 플랫폼 개발
Salome(CAD/Mesh) InterFACE to OpenFOAM Paraview
Gnuplot
Other Commercial CAD/Mesh SWs
Import CAD
Import Mesh
Mesh
Utility
Case Setup
Execution
Post-view ?
KyungWon Engineering & Communication
EOD
www.kwenc.kr