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First Aid
Being Able to Help in Emergencies
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2First Aid - Haufe Index: 2029471 - Version: 1.0.0.1 - Date: 11.09.2008
Knowledge
Basic knowledge about bodily functions and possible risks when they fail
Recognition of emergency situations and independent taking of suitable
emergency measures
Personal protection of the first aider
Skills
Grips and techniques to avert life-threatening situations
Motivation
Reduction of fears and inhibitions
First aid is easy
Training goals
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3First Aid - Haufe Index: 2029471 - Version: 1.0.0.1 - Date: 11.09.2008
Basic information for first aiders
Chapter I
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5First Aid - Haufe Index: 2029471 - Version: 1.0.0.1 - Date: 11.09.2008
Remain calm!
Make a general assessment
Quick emergency call
Think before you act
Protect yourself, if necessary firstremove danger
An emergency call is ALWAYS possible. It however does NOTreplace active first-aid assistance.
Send away "gawkers"
Ask bystanders for assistance
Help without hesitation
Calm down the victim, if necessaryalso the bystanders
Requirements of first aiders
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6First Aid - Haufe Index: 2029471 - Version: 1.0.0.1 - Date: 11.09.2008
L
I
F
E
Check vital signs
Emotional support (talk, comfort)
Observe the victim
Keep the body warm (blanket)
! Emergency call/get help
LIFE: correct emergency measures for allemergencies
Universal emergency measures
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7First Aid - Haufe Index: 2029471 - Version: 1.0.0.1 - Date: 11.09.2008
Respiration Consciousness
Circulation
Oxygen deficiency
Accident Illness Poisoning
What is a medical emergency?
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8First Aid - Haufe Index: 2029471 - Version: 1.0.0.1 - Date: 11.09.2008
Section 323c StGB (Criminal code):
"Those who don't provide assistance in the event of accidentsor generaldangeror emergencyalthough this is necessary and expectedunder the
circumstances, and is possible without substantial personal riskorinfringement of other obligations, will face either imprisonment of up to oneyear or a monetary fine."
Obligation to help
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9First Aid - Haufe Index: 2029471 - Version: 1.0.0.1 - Date: 11.09.2008
Immediate life-saving measures
Securing of theaccident site
Emergency call
Life saving
Firstprofessionaltreatment
Transportationto the clinic
Optimalmedicaltreatment
First aid Emergency medical care
Caringfor less seriousinjuries
Rescue chain
Further measuresAmbulance
Hospital
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10First Aid - Haufe Index: 2029471 - Version: 1.0.0.1 - Date: 11.09.2008
1. Safety measures and emergency call
Secure the accident site
Bring yourself and the victim away from
the danger zone
Make an emergency call
Immediate life-saving measures
Rescue chain
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11First Aid - Haufe Index: 2029471 - Version: 1.0.0.1 - Date: 11.09.2008
2. Life saving
Check the victim for vital signs
Look for injuries
Reanimate persons with cardiac arrest
Stop bleeding
Fight against shock
Place the victim in the side recovery position
Immediate life-saving measures
Rescue chain
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12First Aid - Haufe Index: 2029471 - Version: 1.0.0.1 - Date: 11.09.2008
Treatment of non life-threatening injuries
Examples:
Warming Cooling
Treat minor bleeding
Immobilize broken bones
Continue to check vital signs
Further measures
Rescue chain
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13First Aid - Haufe Index: 2029471 - Version: 1.0.0.1 - Date: 11.09.2008
Necessary information for the call
W
W
WW
W
here did it happen?
hat happened?
hat number of victims?
hich injuries are present?
ait for questions!
Emergency call
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14First Aid - Haufe Index: 2029471 - Version: 1.0.0.1 - Date: 11.09.2008
Moment of the emergency call with only one first aider
1. Victim unconscious, breathing normal
First lay the victim in the recovery position to prevent blockage of theairways during the emergency call. Then call the ambulance.
2. Neither conscious nor with detectable normal breathing
First complete the emergency call. Upon return commence withcardiopulmonary resuscitation.
Emergency call
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15First Aid - Haufe Index: 2029471 - Version: 1.0.0.1 - Date: 11.09.2008
silver side
gold side
RESCUE BLANKET
"If silver is on theoutside,the heat stays out."
"If silver is on the inside,the warmth stays inside."
for warming
BODYfor
BODYfor
for cooling
Using the rescue blanket/cover
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16First Aid - Haufe Index: 2029471 - Version: 1.0.0.1 - Date: 11.09.2008
Laying of a blanket underneath
1. Turn the person on his side.
2. Lay the rolled blanket against the back.
5. Roll out the blanket.
6. Roll the person onto his/herback.
4. cover
3. Roll the person over therolled blanket onto theother side.
Warming
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17First Aid - Haufe Index: 2029471 - Version: 1.0.0.1 - Date: 11.09.2008
Rauteck grip
Prop up the upper body.
Grasp the person under both arms and gripone arm of the victim.
The helper's thumbs face forward.
Straighten up with the victim and pull himaway.
When laying down the body pay particularattention to the head.
Rescue grips
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18First Aid - Haufe Index: 2029471 - Version: 1.0.0.1 - Date: 11.09.2008
Impaired consciousness
Chapter II.
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19First Aid - Haufe Index: 2029471 - Version: 1.0.0.1 - Date: 11.09.2008
Normal condition
With normal consciousness the various parts of the nervous system workunhampered together.
The senses perceive the surroundings and allow reaction to dangers.
Protective reflexes like coughing, blinking and swallowing are present.
Dangers of unconsciousness
Failure of protective reflexes risk of suffocation
The victim cannot move himself from the hazardous area without help.
Consequential injuries
Impaired consciousness
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20First Aid - Haufe Index: 2029471 - Version: 1.0.0.1 - Date: 11.09.2008
Check for consciousness by:
Speaking
Touching
Watching
if present
Help if required
Check for breathing by:
Seeing
Hearing
Feeling
Recovery position
if present
Recognizing unconsciousness
if not
present
Impaired consciousness
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22First Aid - Haufe Index: 2029471 - Version: 1.0.0.1 - Date: 11.09.2008
Help: side recovery position
1. Aider kneels at the side of theunconscious victim.
2. Bend the arm on the side of theaider in a right angle.
3. Lay the other arm across thechest. Lay the back of the handagainst the cheek.
4. The leg nearest to the helper isslightly bent with one hand.
5. Carefully rotate the victim ontohis side by carefully graspingknee and shoulder.
6. Tilt the head slightly backwards.
7. Open the mouth so that vomitcan flow out.
Impaired consciousness
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23First Aid - Haufe Index: 2029471 - Version: 1.0.0.1 - Date: 11.09.2008
Respiratory disturbances
Chapter III
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24First Aid - Haufe Index: 2029471 - Version: 1.0.0.1 - Date: 11.09.2008
Causes of respiratory disturbances
Unconsciousness
Illness
Poisoning
Drowning accident
Foreign bodies in windpipe or esophagus
Insect bit in the throat area
Chest injury
Result: Oxygen deficiency
Respiratory disturbances
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25First Aid - Haufe Index: 2029471 - Version: 1.0.0.1 - Date: 11.09.2008
Symptoms
Strained or difficult breathing
Typical accompanying noises
Anxiety, fear In case of acute shortness of breath: Blue colouring of face and nail bed
Help for shortness of breath
Calm the victim
Quick emergency call
Open windows and restraining clothing
Position upper body erect
Shortness of breath
Respiratory disturbances
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26First Aid - Haufe Index: 2029471 - Version: 1.0.0.1 - Date: 11.09.2008
Foreign bodies in windpipes - severity level
Assessment of the severity level
light airway blockage severe airway blockage
allow coughing to continueconstantly check whether
the blockage loosens/dissolvesunconscious
begin reanimation
if conscioushit the back 5 times5 upper abdomen
compressions
inability to speak grasps the throat wheezing, whistling breathing
sounds quiet, unsuccessful coughing
attempts possible loss of consciousness
can at least speak a little ability to cough breathing is still present
Respiratory disturbances
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27First Aid - Haufe Index: 2029471 - Version: 1.0.0.1 - Date: 11.09.2008
Recognize
Shortness of breath, struggling for air
Whistling respiratory noise
Coughing
Help
Loosen restraining clothing and openwindows
Bend the upper body slightlyforward and palpitate the areabetween the shoulder blades withyour flat hand
Risks
Shortness of breath
Apnoea
Foreign bodies in the windpipe
Respiratory disturbances
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28First Aid - Haufe Index: 2029471 - Version: 1.0.0.1 - Date: 11.09.2008
Foreign bodies in windpipes - Heimlich manoeuvre
The helper stands behind the victim.
The victim is made to lean slightly forward, allowing the foreign body to beforced out of the mouth cavity.
Both arms are laid on the upper abdomen. The helper makes a fist and lays it between navel and breastbone.
The other hand covers the fist.
Finally the helper jerks the fist up to 5 times forcefully inward and upward.
Should the 5 upper abdomen compressions produce no result, then up to
five back palpitations are repeated.
Respiratory disturbances
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29First Aid - Haufe Index: 2029471 - Version: 1.0.0.1 - Date: 11.09.2008
Circulatory disturbances
Chapter IV
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30First Aid - Haufe Index: 2029471 - Version: 1.0.0.1 - Date: 11.09.2008
Causes
Cardiac and circulatory diseases(e. g. heart attack, stroke)
Electrical accidents, poisoning
Shock, drowning
Heavy bleeding, serious burns
Apnoea
Result: Oxygen deficiency
Cardiac arrest
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31First Aid - Haufe Index: 2029471 - Version: 1.0.0.1 - Date: 11.09.2008
Check forconsciousness
Checkbreathing
Cardiac arrest
Begincardiopulmonary
resuscitation (CPR)
30 heartbeats
massage
2-X artificialrespiration
Recognize
if not
normal
alternating
if not
present
Cardiac arrest
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32First Aid - Haufe Index: 2029471 - Version: 1.0.0.1 - Date: 11.09.2008
Two possible methods:
At the same time close the unneeded airwayopening of the victim!
1. Mouth-to-mouth resuscitation
The mouth of the first aider covers the mouth of the victim.2.Mouth-to-nose resuscitation
The mouth of the first aider covers the nose of the victim.
Respiration
Cardiac arrest
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33First Aid - Haufe Index: 2029471 - Version: 1.0.0.1 - Date: 11.09.2008
1. Tilt the victim's head slightly back.
2. Close his/her mouth with one hand.
3. Breath in.
4. Now the mouth seals his nose.
5. The aider blows his exhaled air into theairways.
6. Repeat the artificial respiration a total oftwo times.
7. After each exhalation turn your head to theside to inhale fresh air.
Example:
Mouth-to-nose resuscitation
Performance of artificial respiration
Cardiac arrest
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34First Aid - Haufe Index: 2029471 - Version: 1.0.0.1 - Date: 11.09.2008
1. Make an emergency call with indication of cardiac arrest.
2. Lay the victim with his back on a hard surface (e. g. floor).
3. Kneel at the side of the victim.
4. Uncover his chest.
Begin the reanimation as quickly as possible afterdetermination of the cardiac arrest.
Every second counts!
Heart massage
Cardiac arrest
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35First Aid - Haufe Index: 2029471 - Version: 1.0.0.1 - Date: 11.09.2008
Heart massage
Localize the middle of thechest on the uncoveredupper body.
The goal is the compression
of the lower half of thebreastbone.
Chest
Pressurepoint
Breastbone
Finding the pressure point
Cardiac arrest
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36First Aid - Haufe Index: 2029471 - Version: 1.0.0.1 - Date: 11.09.2008
Heart massage
Lay the heel of one hand onthe pressure point.
Lay the heel of the otherhand on the back of thefirst hand.
Positioning of the hands
Cardiac arrest
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38First Aid - Haufe Index: 2029471 - Version: 1.0.0.1 - Date: 11.09.2008
Further notes:
If possible perform CPR with 2 aiders. One gives artificial respiration,the other massages, the ratio 2 : 30is maintained.
Reanimate until the ambulancearrives or the victim exhibits vitalsigns(e. g. coughing, swallowing, breathing motion).
A separate checking of breathing is not necessary. It would interrupt thecontinuous process of the reanimation.
Heart massage
Cardiac arrest
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39First Aid - Haufe Index: 2029471 - Version: 1.0.0.1 - Date: 11.09.2008
Lungs Stomach
Blood
Circulation
Distribution and damage in the entire organism
Intestines
Absorption paths of poisons
Skin(contact poisons)
Airways(respiratory poison,
gases)Digestion
(e. g. pills)
Poisoning
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40First Aid - Haufe Index: 2029471 - Version: 1.0.0.1 - Date: 11.09.2008
Illness, nausea, dizziness, vomiting, diarrhoea
Stomach pain, stomach cramps
Consciousness, respiratory and circulatory disorders
Symptoms
Poisoning
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41First Aid - Haufe Index: 2029471 - Version: 1.0.0.1 - Date: 11.09.2008
Look forchemicals, bottles, glasses, information signs,distinctive odours and ask the victim what hashappened.
Important questions:
What was taken?
When did the poisoning occur?
How did the poisoning occur?
How much (concentration) was absorbed/ingested/inhaled from thepoison?
Unclear situation
Poisoning
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42First Aid - Haufe Index: 2029471 - Version: 1.0.0.1 - Date: 11.09.2008
2. Specials measures to be taken for poisoning
Goal: Prevent or delay the absorption of the poison
1. Emergency measures + emergency call
Self protection
Live-saving measures
Help
Skin
rinse under runningwater
if no water isavailable: swab withcloths
Digestion
give plenty of waterto drink
do not inducevomiting, especiallynot in the case ofchemical burning/irritation
Respiration
ventilate with freshair
open restrictiveclothing
deep breathing
position upper bodyerect
Poisoning
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43First Aid - Haufe Index: 2029471 - Version: 1.0.0.1 - Date: 11.09.2008
A shock is a life-threatening disturbance of the circulatory system.
The ratio of required to existing blood quantity shifts, the organs are no longerprovided with oxygen.
CAUSES
Decrease of heart output(e. g. illness)
"Dilation" of the arteries (e. g.anxiety, excitement, pain,fear)
other causes (e. g.poisoning, allergic reaction)
Decrease of blood or fluidquantity(e. g. heavy bleeding)
Often the injury itself is not life threatening,rather the shock.
Shock
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44First Aid - Haufe Index: 2029471 - Version: 1.0.0.1 - Date: 11.09.2008
pale face, cold sweat, cool skin
quick, flat breathing
freezing, shivering
agitation, nervousness, anxiety,disorientation, subsequent apathy
partial insensitivity to pain
nausea, dizziness, possible vomiting
faster (100 beats/min), howeverweak pulse
Pulse check on the thumb side
with 3
4 fingers.
Symptoms
Never measure with thethumb; it has its own pulse.
Shock
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45First Aid - Haufe Index: 2029471 - Version: 1.0.0.1 - Date: 11.09.2008
Help
remove the cause of shock
emergency call
provide emotional support
Shock position
raise the legs 2030 cm
warm the victim
keep the victim awake
Measures
Shock
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46First Aid - Haufe Index: 2029471 - Version: 1.0.0.1 - Date: 11.09.2008
Low voltage
Recognize
anxiety
racing heart
agitation
sweating
nausea
Help
break the circuit
check vital signs
help as required
emergency call
Self protection always takesprecedence!
Electrical accidents
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47First Aid - Haufe Index: 2029471 - Version: 1.0.0.1 - Date: 11.09.2008
Recognize
current entrance and exit marks(punctiform burns)
strong muscle cramps
Help
at least 5 m safety distance
emergency call
saving and treatment by
professionals
High voltage
Self protection always takesprecedence!
Electrical accidents
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48First Aid - Haufe Index: 2029471 - Version: 1.0.0.1 - Date: 11.09.2008
Wound treatment
Chapter V
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49First Aid - Haufe Index: 2029471 - Version: 1.0.0.1 - Date: 11.09.2008
Fundamentals of wound treatment
1. Never touchthe woundswith bare hands!
2. Don't wash outthe wounds!Exception:burns, scalds, chemical burns
3. Do not treatwounds with salves, powders, sprays, disinfectants or other"home remedies"!
4. Do not removelarge foreign bodies from wounds!
5. Coverevery woundwith sterile dressings!
6. Always have wounds evaluated by a physician!
Wounds and bleeding
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50First Aid - Haufe Index: 2029471 - Version: 1.0.0.1 - Date: 11.09.2008
1. Elevateor prop up.Blood flow lessens.
2. For bleeding on the arm, apply pressure
to the aortawith four fingers in themuscle gap on the inside of the upperarm.Primary blood flow is reduced.
Never tie off a body part!
Aid for bleeding on arms and legs
Wounds and bleeding
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51First Aid - Haufe Index: 2029471 - Version: 1.0.0.1 - Date: 11.09.2008
Application of a compress
Lay the dressing on the bleeding.
Wrap the dressing around the wound
2
3 times. Apply the pressure pad to the wound
area.
Wrap the dressing around the woundseveral more times and fasten.
If heavy bleeding occurs through the
bandage, a new one should beoverlaid.
In the case of blood congestion,slightly loosen the bandage.
Dressing
Pressure pad
Bandage
Aid for bleeding on arms and legs
Wounds and bleeding
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52First Aid - Haufe Index: 2029471 - Version: 1.0.0.1 - Date: 11.09.2008
1. Wound treatment.
2. Stop the bleeding with suitable material.
3. Secure the body part.
Do not put the amputatedmember in the refrigerator orfreezer!
Do not clean the amputated member with water oranything else.
Wrap the amputated member in a clean towel, placeit in a plastic bag and seal it.
Place the bag with the amputated member in aplastic bag filled with ice water. Never use pure ice.
Help for amputation wounds
Wounds and bleeding
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53First Aid - Haufe Index: 2029471 - Version: 1.0.0.1 - Date: 11.09.2008
Recognize
hard or arched abdomen
discoloration of the abdomen skin
stomach pain
Help
quick emergency call
for external bleeding apply bandagingwith hand pressure
position for relaxing the abdominalwall
Position
Lay the person on his side and bendthe knees
orbend the knees using a prop
Bleeding on or in the abdomen
Wounds and bleeding
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54First Aid - Haufe Index: 2029471 - Version: 1.0.0.1 - Date: 11.09.2008
Arms Legs Head/Torso Amputation wound
compress
elevate
apply compress ifpossible
apply pressure ifpossible
apply compression
compress
apply compression
apply compress ifpossible
applypressure
elevate elevate
bleeding from nose,mouth
tilt head forward, apply cold cloths to the neck
Schematic representation of arrest of bleeding
Wounds and bleeding
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55First Aid - Haufe Index: 2029471 - Version: 1.0.0.1 - Date: 11.09.2008
Recognize
white to brown or black skin, no painIII
redness, heavy pain, broken or filled blisters
II
redness, pain, feeling of tension, minorswelling
I
Identifying featuresDegree
Risks
infection, shock, pain
breathing difficulties, possible smoke poisoning
Burns
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56First Aid - Haufe Index: 2029471 - Version: 1.0.0.1 - Date: 11.09.2008
9 %
9 % 9 %
in front
18 %
18 % 18 %
1 %
1. General rule
Estimation of the surface area ofa burn occurs by means of thegiven values.
Values are dependent on age.
2. Palm rule
The palm of the victimcorresponds to ca. 1 % of hisbody surface.
Should the palm, for example,cover the burn three times, thenthe burn covers 3 % of the body.
Body surface of an adult
in back18 %
Determination of the size of a burn
Burns
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57First Aid - Haufe Index: 2029471 - Version: 1.0.0.1 - Date: 11.09.2008
If required, extinguish burningclothing.
Carefully remove burned clothing.
Cool for at least 1520 minutes with
cold water.
In conclusion cover the burn woundwith a sterile dressing.
Do not open burn blisters.
Quick emergency call.
Combat shock.
Help
Burns
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58First Aid - Haufe Index: 2029471 - Version: 1.0.0.1 - Date: 11.09.2008
emergency call, checking of vital signs depending on condition: side recovery position, shock position, reanimationThe first aider must in any case protect himself!
General help
give plenty of water todrink
do not induce vomiting
rinse with water after rinsing, an eye
bandage
rinse with water orswab the chemicals (ifno water is available)
remove moistenedclothing
cover the woundSpecial help
increased flow of saliva swollen bloody or white
membranes pain
redness flow of tears vision disturbances squinting pain
damage to the skin redness coloured scab painRecognize
Stomach-intestinesEyesSkin
Chemical burns
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59First Aid - Haufe Index: 2029471 - Version: 1.0.0.1 - Date: 11.09.2008
Types and risks
Closed fracture
no external wound
Open fracture
wound, from which the bone partcan protrude
Risks
internal/external bleeding
risk of infection
shock
pain
Fractures
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60First Aid - Haufe Index: 2029471 - Version: 1.0.0.1 - Date: 11.09.2008
Body part immobile or only partially mobile
Intense pain in the fracture region
Resting posture
Fracture region is sensitive to pressure
Swelling, blood flow, discoloration
Shortening of limbs
Abnormal/false position of a limb
Recognize
Don't splint the fracture, just protect against motion.
Fractures
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61First Aid - Haufe Index: 2029471 - Version: 1.0.0.1 - Date: 11.09.2008
Help
leave the fracture in the discoveredposition and cushion it with suitablematerial
in the case of shock symptoms do notelevate the legs, rather lay them flat
apply cooling against pain and swelling
Leg fractures
Fractures
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62First Aid - Haufe Index: 2029471 - Version: 1.0.0.1 - Date: 11.09.2008
Help
treat with care (press the brokenarm against the upper body) bysupporting the arm with a sling
in case of shock shock position
cooling
Arm fractures
Fractures
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63First Aid - Haufe Index: 2029471 - Version: 1.0.0.1 - Date: 11.09.2008
Recognize
pain in the rib area
flat breathing
the victim tries to straighten up
Help
provide side support to theaffected side of the body
prop up and support the upperbody
Broken ribs
Fractures
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64First Aid - Haufe Index: 2029471 - Version: 1.0.0.1 - Date: 11.09.2008
Recognize
head wounds
bleeding from nose, mouth and/or ear
dizziness, possible hearing loss
effusion around the eye(s)
Help
calmness
wound treatment
in a face-down position let the bloodflow from the face
Fractures of skull base
Fractures
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65First Aid - Haufe Index: 2029471 - Version: 1.0.0.1 - Date: 11.09.2008
Recognize
pain in lower abdominal or pelvicregion
victim can not sit up
victim tries to bend his legs
Help
support a natural relief posture
Pelvic fractures
Fractures
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66First Aid - Haufe Index: 2029471 - Version: 1.0.0.1 - Date: 11.09.2008
Recognize
loss of feeling
numbness or prickling in the
limbs uncontrolled release of bowels
and/or bladder
Help
don't move (exception: rescue froma dangerous area)
no shock position, lay flat keep warm
Spine injury
Fractures
Ch
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Acute illnesses
Chapter VI
Ill
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Heart attack
Recognize
pain, tightness in the chest, victim grabs his chest
radiating sharp pain above all in the left arm,stomach, back, shoulders, face
anxiety, fear, nausea, shortness of breath
pale face, cold sweat
Help
quick emergency call
if victim is conscious: help him sit up to relieve theheart and to ease breathing
loosen restraining clothing and open windows
with cardiac arrest: begin reanimation
if unconscious: side recovery position
Illnesses
Ill
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69First Aid - Haufe Index: 2029471 - Version: 1.0.0.1 - Date: 11.09.2008
Recognize
weakness of the face muscles
inability to speak
loss of bladder control
breathing and swallowing disorders
paralysis
visual problems, possible headache
Help
immediately call an ambulance
calm the victim
if victim is conscious: elevate upperbody
depending on condition: siderecovery position or cardiopulmonaryresuscitation
Stroke
Illnesses
Ill
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70First Aid - Haufe Index: 2029471 - Version: 1.0.0.1 - Date: 11.09.2008
Recognize
some epileptics can sense anoncoming seizure
often initial outcry, moaning falls to the floor, muscle convulsions
in the limbs
foam (saliva) from the mouth
after seizure unconsciousness
Help
do not restrain the victim
do not place a bite protector in his
mouth remove or cushion objects which
could cause risk of injury
in case of unconsciousness:side recovery position
after seizure observe the victim for at
least 30 minutes
Epilepsy
Illnesses
Ill
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71First Aid - Haufe Index: 2029471 - Version: 1.0.0.1 - Date: 11.09.2008
Recognize
whistling, wheezy breathing noise
cough attack, which often includes
the excretion of stringy mucus strong lack of oxygen: blue
colouring of face and nail beds
anxiety, fear, cold sweat
Help
calm the victim, ventilate withfresh air, loosen tight clothing
place upper body erect to easebreathing
"pursed lip breathing" deepbreathing with lips almost closed
assist with taking medicine(spray)
Asthma
Illnesses
Ill
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72First Aid - Haufe Index: 2029471 - Version: 1.0.0.1 - Date: 11.09.2008
Recognize
agitation, concentration difficulties
vision disturbances, cravings
sweating, anxiety, shaking,paleness
Help
if conscious: give food or drinkswhich contain sugar (e. g. cola,chocolate)
if unconscious: side recoveryposition, emergency call
Diabetic emergencies hypoglycemia
Illnesses
Ill
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73First Aid - Haufe Index: 2029471 - Version: 1.0.0.1 - Date: 11.09.2008
Recognize
deep breathing which releases astrong fruity smell
faintness, thirst, need to urinate possible loss of consciousness
Help
in case of unconsciousness:side recovery position
emergency call
Diabetic emergencies hyperglycemia
Illnesses
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