Emergency First Aid Emergency First Aid

and CPRand CPR

This presentation is not intended as a substitute for professional medical care.

But First Aid training must to be given to All employees as per GSI safety requirements.

NOTICE

EMERGENCY FIRST AIDIf you are the first on the scene of

accident that results in an injury or serious illness, you may be the only link between a victim and emergency medical care. Your role is to take action, whether by providing first aid or calling 998.

Your actions may improve the victims chance of recovery or to live.

The following slides will provide specific information on basic first aid procedures.

Topics objectives

General rules

D R A B CAbsence of BreathingAbsence of Heartbeat

Shock

Bleeding

E. Shock

Dislocations And FracturesSprains And

Strains

Burns

Poisoning

Objectives:

i. To save life.

i. To prevent further injury.

i. To preserve vitality and resistance to infection.

General Rules:

keep the victim lying down. no movement more than

necessary. keep the victim comfortable as

much as possible. don’t touch open burn or wound

with fingers or other objects. don’t give unconscious person by

mouth. if you suspect broken bone don’t

move him. keep the injured person in warm

condition.

D R A B Cof resuscitation

Danger: Are you or the victim are in any danger? If not make the situation safe and then assess the victim.

Response: If the victim is unconscious, shout: “can you hear me?”. And gently shaking his/her shoulders. If no response follow (A B C).

Airway: carefully remove any obstruction from the mouth with your finger with out blindly. Place two fingers under the point of chin and the other hand on the victim forehead. In that time lift the chin gently backward.

Breathing: for 5 sec check the victim breathing and look at the chest is rising and falling or not?. Also listen for breathing.

Circulation: check if the victim has pulse by place two fingers on the carotid pulse point for 5 sec.

Absences of breathing

Follow these steps:Follow these steps:

1) Open and clear – mouth of victim if unconscious.

2) Place the fingers and the other hand and pull backward gently.

3) Blow into the victim mouth until the chest rises.

4) Allow the chest to fall and give 10 breathes per minute.

Absences of heartbeat

Follow those steps:Follow those steps:I. Give two breathing from the

mouth.II. Place the heel of your hand

with two fingers from the other hand on the junction of ribs and breastbone.

III. Keep the arms straight and press 5 times then release.

IV. Keep your hand at the same position and do it 80 times per minute.

V. Count 2 breathing with 30 compressions until you feel the pulse.

SHOCKFollow these steps:Follow these steps: Keep the victim laying down (if

possible). Rise both legs 30 cm … unless

you suspect a spinal injury or broken bones.

Cover the victim to maintain body temperature.

Provide the victim with plenty of fresh air.

Do not offer any thing to eat or drink but try to keep him as comfortable as you can.

ELECTRIC SHOCK

Follow the steps:Follow the steps:A. Turn off the electricity

and make sure that the victim on longer contact with electric current by using wooden or rubber material such as stick.

B. If the victim is unconscious follow the DRABC of resuscitation.

C. Seek and call for medical help urgently.

BLEEDING (wound and injuries)

Lay down the victim. Apply direct pressure

to the wound / injury (at this time a direct pressure bandage may be used)

Pressure Point additional pressure may be applied to a pressure point to help reduce bleeding by using more bandages.

Put more bandage if the blood oozes through.

DISLOCATIONS AND

FRACTURES

Splint: Stop any movement until the help arrived. And support it by any flexible things there such as

newspaper.Broken bone: call 997

immediately. Stop any movement by supporting injured area by using stick

and sling.Treat: any additional secondary

injuries.

SPRAINS AND STRAINS

I-C-E

I - Ice, apply a cold pack. And Do not apply ice directly to skin.

C - Compress, use an elastic or conforming wrap but (not too tight).

E - Elevate, above heart level to control internal bleeding.

BURNS:

Minor burns:Just cool down the area with water for 10 minutes. (do not put any cream or grease)

Severe burns: cool down the area with water for

10 minutes. Remove any clothing and put

bandage around it. Rise the position as much as

possible to reduce swelling. Seek to medical help immediately.

POISONING

Assess the scene for clues and safety.

Get victim away from poison if necessary.

Wash the victim mouth by water if necessary.

Keep sample of any vomit and poison bottle for medial lab help.

Call 997 for medical help.

REMEMBER!!!UNIVERSAL PRECAUTIONS:

Universal PrecautionsUniversal Precautions

apply to blood and to all apply to blood and to all other body fluids with other body fluids with

potential for spreading any potential for spreading any infections.infections.

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GGoooodd LLuucckk