Fire Fighter 1 Sample Exam

8/9/2019 Fire Fighter 1 Sample Exam

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I. SCOPE OF THE EXAMINATION

General

Ability

(25%)

: Verbal, Analytical, Numerical

Specialized

Area (75%)

:

Fire Suppression (30%)

Pre-Fire Planning

Fireg!ting "ec!ni#ues an$ Proce$ures

"ools an$ #uipment an$ Apparatus

Fire Sa&ety an$ Pre'ention (0%)

Fire o$e o& t!e P!ilippines

Fire Sa&ety *elate$ o$es, NFPA +as an$ ot!er FP issuances (uil$ing o$e, lectrical o$e)

FP iti.ens !arter, S/P12s on Fire Sa&ety nspection

Fire n'estigation (45%)

"!e +a on Arson in t!e P!ilippines (*P)

onstitutional *ig!ts o& t!e Accuse$

Prima Facie 'i$ence o& Arson

*ules o& ourt

Proce$ure an$ "ec!ni#ues

$entication, Preser'ation an$ 6an$ling o& 'i$ence


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/t!er *elate$ Proce$ure an$ "ec!ni#ues

S/P2s on Fire an$ Arson n'estigation

A$ministrati'e 1atters (40%)

*A 7895 an$ its **

*A 873 an$ its **

*A 858 an$ its **

S *ules an$ *egulations an$ ualication Stan$ar$s

FP 1emo irculars an$ S/P2s on A$ministrati'e 1atters

Firefightingis the act of extinguishing fires. A firefighter

fights fires to prevent loss of life, and/or destruction of property and the environment.

Firefighting is a highly technical skill that requires professionals who have spent years training in both general firefighting techniques and

specialized areas of expertise.

Firefighters duties!edit"

Firefighters goals are to save lives, property and the environment. A fire can rapidly spread and endanger many lives# however, with modernfirefighting techniques, catastrophe is usually, but not always, avoided. $o prevent fires from starting, a f irefighters duties can include public

education about fire safety

and conducting fire inspections of locations for their adherence to local fire codes.

%ecause firefighters are often the first responders

to people in critical conditions, firefighters may provide many other valuable services to the

community they serve, such as&

'mergency medical services

,as techniciansor as licensedparamedics

,staffing ambulances#
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Firehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Firefighterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Firefighting&action=edit&section=4http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Firefighting&action=edit&section=4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fire_safetyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fire_safetyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fire_codehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Certified_first_responderhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emergency_medical_serviceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emergency_medical_serviceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emergency_medical_technicianhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emergency_medical_technicianhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paramedichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paramedichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paramedichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ambulancehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Firefighterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Firefighting&action=edit&section=4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fire_safetyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fire_codehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Certified_first_responderhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emergency_medical_serviceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emergency_medical_technicianhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paramedichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ambulancehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fire


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(azardous materials mitigation )(A*+A$#

-ehicle rescue/extrication#

earch and rescue#

ommunity disaster support.

Fire risk assessments

Additionally, firefighters may also provide service in specialized fields, such as&

Aircraft/airport rescue

#

0ildland fire suppression

#

hipboard and military fire and rescue#

$actical paramedic support )10A$ medics1#

$ool hoisting#

(igh angle rope rescue#

wiftwater rescue.

$rench rescue

onfined space rescue

%uilding collapse

old water rescue

-------------------------------------------

RESIDENTIAL DECREE NO. 1744

AMENDING ARTICLE THREE HUNDRED AND TWENTY OF THE REVISEDPENAL CODEPROVISIONS ON ARSON
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dangerous_goodshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Search_and_rescuehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aircraft_Rescue_and_Firefightinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wildfirehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dangerous_goodshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Search_and_rescuehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aircraft_Rescue_and_Firefightinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wildfire


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WHEREAS, there have been rampant and wanton burnings o residentia! houses, pub!i" bui!dings, mar#ets, hote!s and other "ommer"ia!

estab!ishments$

WHEREAS, to ee"tive!% dis"ourage and deter the "ommission o arson, and to prevent destru"tion o properties and prote"t the !ives o

inno"ent peop!e, it is ne"essar% that the "apita! punishment be imposed upon arsonists$

NOW, &HERE'ORE, (, 'ERD(NAND E) *ARCOS, President o the Phi!ippines b% virtue o the power vested in me b% the Constitution,

do hereb% order and de"ree that Arti"!e +-, Revised Pena! Code be amended.

Se") /)Arti"!e +- o the Revised Pena! Code sha!! read as o!!ows.

0Art) +-) Destru"tive Arson) 1 &he pena!t% o re"!usion tempora! in its ma2imum period to death sha!! be imposed upon an% person who

sha!! burn.

/) One 3/4 or more bui!dings or edii"es, "onse5uent to one sing!e a"t o burning or as a resu!t o simu!taneous burnings, or "ommitted on

severa! or dierent o""asions$

) An% bui!ding o pub!i" or private ownership, devoted to the pub!i" in genera! or where peop!e usua!!% gather or "ongregate or a deinite

purpose su"h as but not !imited to oi"ia! governmenta! un"tion or business, private transa"tion, "ommer"e, trade wor#shop,meetings

and "oneren"es, or mere!% in"identa! to a deinite purpose su"h as but not !imited to hote!s, mote!s, transient dwe!!ings, pub!i"

"onve%an"e or stops or termina!s, regard!ess o whether the oender had #now!edge that there are persons in said bui!ding or edii"e at

the time it is set on ire and regard!ess a!so o whether the bui!ding is a"tua!!% inhabited or not)

+) An% train or !o"omotive, ship or vesse!, airship or airp!ane, devoted to transportation or "onve%an"e, or or pub!i" use, entertainment or

!eisure)

6) An% bui!ding, a"tor%, warehouse insta!!ation and an% appurtenan"es thereto, whi"h are devoted to the servi"e o pub!i" uti!ities)

7) An% bui!ding the burning o whi"h is or the purpose o "on"ea!ing ordestro%ing eviden"eo another vio!ation o !aw, or or the purpose

o "on"ea!ing ban#rupt"% or derauding "reditors or to "o!!e"t rom insuran"e)

(rrespe"tive o the app!i"ation o the above enumerated 5ua!i%ing "ir"umstan"es, the pena!t% o death sha!! !i#ewise be imposed when the

arson is perpetrated or "ommitted b% two 34 or more persons or b% a group o persons, regard!ess o whether their purpose is mere!% to

burn or destro% the bui!ding or the burning mere!% "onstitutes an overt a"t in the "ommission or another vio!ation o !aw)


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&he pena!t% o re"!usion tempora! in its ma2imum period to death sha!! a!so be imposed upon an% person who sha!! burn.

/) An% arsena!, ship%ard, storehouse or mi!itar% powder or irewor#s a"tor%, ordinan"e, storehouse, ar"hives or genera! museum o the

government)

) (n an inhabited p!a"e, an% storehouse or a"tor% o in!ammab!e or e2p!osive materia!s)

( as a "onse5uen"e o his "ommission o an% o the a"ts pena!i8ed under this Arti"!e, death or in9ur% resu!ts, or an% va!uab!e do"uments,

e5uipment, ma"hineries, apparatus, or other va!uab!e properties were burned or destro%ed, the mandator% pena!t% o death sha!! be

imposed):

Se") )Provisions o Arti"!es +-, +/ and + o the Revised Pena! Code whi"h are or ma% be in"onsistent herewith are hereb% repea!ed)

Se") +)Ee"tivit%) 1 &his De"ree sha!! ta#e ee"t immediate!%)

Done in the Cit% o *ani!a, this //th da% o November, in the %ear o Our Lord, nineteen hundred and eight%)

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Fire Suppression system

F1-00 F* S;PP*SS/N S


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Automatic Fire Sprin=ler System


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>itc!en Fire Suppression Systems


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F1-00 Fire Suppression System


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Fire extinguisher

A fre extinguisher, me extinguisher,?citation needed@or simply an extinguisher, is an acti'e re protection$e'ice use$ to

etinguis! or control small res, o&ten in emergency situationsB t is not inten$e$ &or use on an out-o&-control re, suc! as one

!ic! !as reac!e$ t!e ceiling, en$angers t!e user (iBeB, no escape route, smo=e, eplosion !a.ar$, etcB), or ot!erise re#uires

t!e epertise o& a re $epartmentB "ypically, a re etinguis!er consists o& a !an$-!el$ cylin$rical pressure 'esselcontaining

an agent!ic! can be $isc!arge$ to etinguis! a reB

n t!e ;nite$ States, re etinguis!ers in all buil$ings ot!er t!an !ouses are generally re#uire$ to be ser'ice$ an$ inspecte$ by

a Fire Protection ser'ice company at least annuallyB Some Curis$ictions re#uire more &re#uent ser'ice &or re etinguis!ersB "!e

ser'icer places a tag on t!e etinguis!er to in$icate t!e type o& ser'ice per&orme$ (annual inspection, rec!arge, ne re

etinguis!er)B

"!ere are to main types o& re etinguis!ers: store$ pressure an$ cartri$ge-operate$B n store$ pressure units, t!e epellant

is store$ in t!e same c!amber as t!e reg!tingagent itsel&B Depen$ing on t!e agent use$, $iEerent propellants are use$B

it! $ry c!emical etinguis!ers, nitrogenis typically use$G ater an$ &oam etinguis!ers typically use airB Store$ pressure re

etinguis!ers are t!e most common typeB artri$ge-operate$ etinguis!ers contain t!e epellant gas in a separate cartri$ge

t!at is puncture$ prior to $isc!arge, eposing t!e propellant to t!e etinguis!ing agentB "!is type is not as common, use$

primarily in areas suc! as in$ustrial &acilities, !ere t!ey recei'e !ig!er-t!an-a'erage useB "!ey !a'e t!e a$'antage o& simple

an$ prompt rec!arge, alloing an operator to $isc!arge t!e etinguis!er, rec!arge it, an$ return to t!e re in a reasonable

amount o& timeB ;nli=e store$ pressure types, t!ese etinguis!ers use compresse$ carbon $ioi$einstea$ o& nitrogen, alt!oug!

nitrogen cartri$ges are use$ on lo temperature (-70 rate$) mo$elsB artri$ge operate$ etinguis!ers are a'ailable in $ry
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Active_fire_protectionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceilinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fire_departmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pressure_vesselhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fire_extinguisher#Types_of_extinguishing_agentshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Firehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Firefightinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrogenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_dioxidehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Active_fire_protectionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceilinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fire_departmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pressure_vesselhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fire_extinguisher#Types_of_extinguishing_agentshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Firehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Firefightinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrogenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_dioxide


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c!emical an$ $ry po$er types in t!e ;BSB an$ in ater, etting agent, &oam, $ry c!emical (classes A an$ BB), an$ $ry

po$er (class D) types in t!e rest o& t!e orl$B

Fire etinguis!ers are &urt!er $i'i$e$ into !an$!el$ an$ cart-mounte$, also calle$ !eele$ etinguis!ersB 6an$!el$

etinguis!ers eig! &rom 0B5 to 4H =ilograms (4B4 to 34 lb), an$ are !ence, easily portable by !an$B art-mounte$ units

typically eig! more t!an 3 =ilograms (54 lb)B "!ese !eele$ mo$els are most commonly &oun$ at construction

sites, airportrunays, !eliports, as ell as $oc=san$ marinasB

nstallation?e$it@

A re etinguis!er tte$ to t!e passenger seat o& a car

Fire etinguis!ers are typically tte$ in buil$ings at an easily-accessible location, suc! as against a all in a !ig!-traIc areaB

"!ey are also o&ten tte$ to motor 'e!icles, atercra&t, an$ aircra&t - t!is is re#uire$ by la in many Curis$ictions, &or i$entie$

classes o& 'e!iclesB ;n$er NFPA 40 all commercial 'e!icles must carry at least one re etinguis!er, it! si.e;+ rating

$epen$ing on type o& 'e!icle an$ cargo (iBeB &uel tan=ers typically must !a'e a 8B4 =g (0 lb), !ile most ot!ers can carry a B3

=g (5 lb))B "!e re'ise$ NFPA 40 create$ criteria on t!e placement o& JFast Flo tinguis!ersJ in locations suc! as t!ose storing

an$ transporting pressuri.e$ Kammable li#ui$s an$ pressuri.e$ Kammable gas or areas it! possibility o& t!ree $imensional

class !a.ar$s are re#uire$ to !a'e J&ast KoJ etinguis!ers as re#uire$ by NFPA 5B5B4B4B Varying classes o& competition

'e!icles re#uire re etinguis!ing systems, t!e simplest re#uirements being a 4A:40 !an$-!el$ portable etinguis!er

mounte$ to t!e interior o& t!e 'e!icleB

FI!E EXTIN"#ISHE!S

Published on August 22, 2012
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Construction_siteshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Construction_siteshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airporthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Runwayshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heliportshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dock_(maritime)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marinashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Construction_siteshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Construction_siteshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airporthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Runwayshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heliportshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dock_(maritime)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marinas


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A portable re etinguis!er can sa'e li'es an$ property by putting out a small re or containing it until t!e re $epartment

arri'esG but portable etinguis!ers !a'e limitationsB ecause re gros an$ sprea$s so rapi$ly, t!e number one priority &or

resi$ents is to get out sa&elyB

S$ety tips

;se a portable re etinguis!er !en t!e re is conne$ to a small area, suc! as a astebas=et, an$ is not groingG

e'eryone !as eite$ t!e buil$ingG t!e re $epartment !as been calle$ or is being calle$G an$ t!e room is not lle$ it!

smo=eB

"o operate a re etinguis!er, remember t!e or$ PASS:

- Pull t!e pinB 6ol$ t!e etinguis!er it! t!e no..le

pointing aay &rom you, an$ release t!e loc=ing

mec!anismB

- Aim loB Point t!e etinguis!er at t!e base o& t!e reB

- S#uee.e t!e le'er sloly an$ e'enlyB

- Seep t!e no..le &rom si$e-to-si$eB

For t!e !ome, select a multi-purpose etinguis!er (can be use$ on all types o& !ome res) t!at is large enoug! to put out

a small re, but not so !ea'y as to be $iIcult to !an$leB

!oose a re etinguis!er t!at carries t!e label o& an in$epen$ent testing laboratoryB

*ea$ t!e instructions t!at come it! t!e re etinguis!er an$ become &amiliar it! its parts an$ operation be&ore a re

brea=s outB +ocal re $epartments or re e#uipment $istributors o&ten oEer !an$s-on re etinguis!er trainingsB

nstall re etinguis!ers close to an eit an$ =eep your bac= to a clear eit !en you use t!e $e'ice so you can ma=e an

easy escape i& t!e re cannot be controlle$B & t!e room lls it! smo=e, lea'e imme$iatelyB

>no !en to goB Fire etinguis!ers are one element o& a re response plan, but t!e primary element is sa&e escapeB

'ery !ouse!ol$ s!oul$ !a'e a !ome re escape planan$ or=ing smo=e alarmsB
http://www.nfpa.org/~/media/Files/Safety%20information/Safety%20tip%20sheets/escapeplanningtips.pdfhttp://www.nfpa.org/~/media/Files/Safety%20information/Safety%20tip%20sheets/smokealarmssafetytips.pdfhttp://www.nfpa.org/~/media/Files/Safety%20information/Safety%20tip%20sheets/escapeplanningtips.pdfhttp://www.nfpa.org/~/media/Files/Safety%20information/Safety%20tip%20sheets/smokealarmssafetytips.pdf


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Ho% Fire Extinguishers &or'

A re etinguis!er is an absolute necessity in any !ome or oIceB !ile t!ereLs a goo$ c!ance t!at t!e etinguis!er ill sit on

t!e all &or years, collecting $ust, it coul$ en$ up sa'ing your property an$ e'en your li&eB

n t!is article, eLll see eactly !at re etinguis!ers $o an$ !o t!ey $o itB eLll also n$ out !at causes re in t!e rst

place, learn t!e correct ay to use an etinguis!er an$ see !at sort o& re suppressant or=s best on $iEerent types o& resB

Fire is t!e result o& a (hemi() (om*ustion re(tion, typically a reaction beteen oxygenin t!e atmosp!ere an$ some sort

o& $ue)(oo$ or gasoline, &or eample)B /& course, oo$ an$ gasoline $onLt spontaneously catc! on re Cust because t!eyLre

surroun$e$ by oygenB For t!e combustion reaction to ta=e place, t!e &uel !as to be !eate$ to its ignition tempertureB

Fire is t!e result o& a c!emical combustion reaction, typically a reaction beteen oygen in t!e atmosp!ere an$ some sort o&

&uel (oo$ or gasoline, &or eample)B /& course, oo$ an$ gasoline $onLt spontaneously catc! on re Cust because t!eyLre

surroun$e$ by oygenB For t!e combustion reaction to ta=e place, t!e &uel !as to be !eate$ to its ignition temperatureB

6ereLs t!e se#uence o& e'ents in a typical oo$ re:

Somet!ing !eats t!e oo$ to 'ery !ig! temperaturesB "!is coul$ be any number o& t!ings -- &ocuse$ lig!t, &riction,somet!ing else t!at is alrea$y burningB

!en t!e oo$ reac!es about 500 $egrees Fa!ren!eit (70 $egrees elsius), t!e !eat $ecomposes some o&

t!e (e))u)osematerial t!at ma=es up t!e oo$B

Decompose$ material is release$ as 'olatile gases, typically a compoun$ o& !y$rogen, carbon an$ oygenB

!en t!e gas is !ot enoug!, t!e compoun$ molecules brea= apart, an$ t!e atomsrecombine it! t!e oygen to &orm

ater, carbon $ioi$e an$ ot!er pro$uctsB

"!e gases, !ic! rise t!roug! t!e air, ma=e up t!e meB arbon atoms rising in t!e Kame emit lig!t as t!ey !eat upB

(!ec= out 6o +ig!t ulbs or=to n$ out !y !eate$ obCects emit lig!tB)

"!e !eat o& t!e Kame =eeps t!e &uel at t!e ignition temperature, so it continues to burn as long as t!ere is &uel an$

oygenB

As you can see, t!ere are t!ree essential elements in'ol'e$ in t!is process:
http://science.howstuffworks.com/gasoline.htmhttp://science.howstuffworks.com/light.htmhttp://science.howstuffworks.com/atom.htmhttp://home.howstuffworks.com/light-bulb.htmhttp://science.howstuffworks.com/gasoline.htmhttp://science.howstuffworks.com/light.htmhttp://science.howstuffworks.com/atom.htmhttp://home.howstuffworks.com/light-bulb.htm


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Extreme het

Oxygen(or similar gas)

Fue)

Fire etinguis!ers are $esigne$ to remo'e at least one o& t!ese elements so t!at a re ill $ie outB "!ere are se'eral $iEerent

ays o& $oing t!is, as eLll see in t!e net sectionB

6/ "/ ;S F* M"N;S6*

"!ere is a !ig! c!ance o& your encountering an out-o&-control re at least once in your li&e, so =noing !o to use a re

etinguis!er is an important s=ill to be able to resort toB "!is article eplains t!e process o& using a re etinguis!er in an

emergencyB

Steps


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4B

+

C)) $or he)p *e$ore ttempting to extinguish serious fre."!e re may ta=e !ol$ muc! &aster t!an youLre capable o&

$ealing it! it, an$ i& !elp is on t!e ay, it remo'es one less concern &or youB

all, or !a'e someone else call, 844 in Nort! America, 888 in t!e ;nite$ >ing$om, 44 in t!e uropean ;nion an$

many ot!er countries (or t!e appropriateemergency number&or your country) as soon as possibleB As= &or t!e re

ser'ice to come imme$iately, gi'ing your a$$ress an$ a brie& $escription o& t!e type o& reB
http://www.wikihow.com/Call-Emergency-Serviceshttp://www.wikihow.com/Image:Use-a-Fire-Extinguisher-Step-1.jpghttp://www.wikihow.com/Call-Emergency-Services


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!ec= t!at all ot!er people are out o& t!e !ouse an$ !a'e t!em remo'e petsas ellB !ec= t!at t!eyLre all

assemble$ at a sa&e meeting pointB Do not allo c!il$ren to attempt to use a re etinguis!er or control a re in

any respect !atsoe'erB

*eali.e t!at reacting to a re re#uires a soun$ process o& $ecision-ma=ing t!at c!il$ren an$ some a$ults may not

be capable o& coping it! t!eir panicB?4@Prior training on correct use can alle'iate some o& t!e concern !ereB

2.
http://www.wikihow.com/Prepare-Your-Pets-for-Disasterhttp://www.wikihow.com/Cope-With-Panic-Attackshttp://www.wikihow.com/Use-a-Fire-Extinguisher#_note-USFA1-0http://www.wikihow.com/Prepare-Your-Pets-for-Disasterhttp://www.wikihow.com/Cope-With-Panic-Attackshttp://www.wikihow.com/Use-a-Fire-Extinguisher#_note-USFA1-0


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+. ,

Che(' $or your o%n s$ety *e$ore strting to extinguish fre."!ere are some =ey t!ings to c!ec= &or be&ore you start g!ting a

re using a re etinguis!er:

Are you p!ysically capable o& etinguis!ing a reO Some people !a'e p!ysical limitations t!at mig!t $iminis! or eliminate

t!eir ability to properly use a re etinguis!erB People it! $isabilities, ol$er a$ults, or c!il$ren may n$ t!at an etinguis!eris too !ea'y to !an$le or it may be too $iIcult &or t!em to eert t!e necessary pressure to operate t!e etinguis!erB

+oo= &or your eit pointsB nsure t!at t!ere is a clear eit &or imme$iate escape s!oul$ t!is become necessaryB At all times,

=eep your min$ &ocuse$ on t!e a'ailability o& a sa&e retreatB & t!is is t!reatene$ at all, lea'e at onceB "!e ;S National Fire

Pre'ention Association recommen$s t!at you install re etinguis!ers close to an eit point, to enable you to =eep your bac=

to t!e eit !en you use t!e etinguis!erG t!is ensures t!at you can ma=e an easy escape i& t!e re cannot be controlle$B ?@

Do not attempt to put out a re !ere it is emitting toic smo=eG i& you suspect or simply $onLt =no i& t!e smo=e is toic,

lea'e it to t!e pro&essionalsB ?4@

!ec= &or structural sa&ety o& t!e buil$ing, in case burning alls, Koors, or ra&ters pose a ris= to your sa&etyB

& you !a'e more t!an one re etinguis!er, consi$er as=ing anot!er mature an$ responsible person to use it in tan$em it!

youB

*emember t!at your li&e is more important t!an property, so $onLt place yoursel& or ot!ers at ris=B
http://www.wikihow.com/Live-With-Disabilitieshttp://www.wikihow.com/Use-a-Fire-Extinguisher#_note-NFPA-1http://www.wikihow.com/Use-a-Fire-Extinguisher#_note-USFA1-0http://www.wikihow.com/Live-With-Disabilitieshttp://www.wikihow.com/Use-a-Fire-Extinguisher#_note-NFPA-1http://www.wikihow.com/Use-a-Fire-Extinguisher#_note-USFA1-0


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2.

-

Assess the fre./nly a containe$ re s!oul$ be &oug!t using a re etinguis!erB Portable re etinguis!ers are 'aluable &or imme$iate

use on small res because t!ey contain a limite$ amount o& etinguis!ing material, !ic! nee$s to be use$ properly or it ill be aste$B

For eample, !en a pan initially catc!es re, it may be sa&e to turn oE t!e burner, place a li$ on t!e pan, an$ use an etinguis!erB y t!e

time t!e re !as sprea$, !oe'er, t!ese actions ill not be a$e#uate, an$ only traine$ reg!ters can sa&ely etinguis! suc! resB
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18/73

1a=e a #uic= commonsense assessment about t!e utility an$ sa&ety o& using a re etinguis!er &or t!e re youLre

eperiencingB /b'iously, a re etinguis!er is o'er=ill &or a can$le but itLs useless !en t!e !ole !ouse is on reB A re in a

astepaper bas=et, !oe'er, is anot!er suitable can$i$ate &or re etinguis!er useB

;se your instinctsB & your instincts tell you t!e reLs too $angerous to tac=le, trust t!emB ?4@

3.
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19/73

Che(' the type o$ extinguisher.n t!e ;SA, t!ere are 'e main classes o& re etinguis!er (note t!at t!e classes an$ nomenclature can

'ary &rom country to country): A, , , an$ t!e less common classes D an$ >B "!e etinguis!ing agent mig!t be ater, $ry c!emical,

!alon, /, or a special po$erB

C)ss A: "!is is suitable &or clot!, oo$, rubber, paper, 'arious plastics, an$ regular combustible resB t is usually lle$ it!

4 gallons (8BH7 litres) o& pressuri.e$ aterB

C)ss /: "!is is suitable &or grease, gasoline or oil-base$ res is usually lle$ it! a $ry c!emicalB tinguis!ers smaller t!an

7lbs (B9=g) are not recommen$e$B

C)ss C: "!is is suitable &or electrical res cause$ by appliances, tools, an$ ot!er plugge$ in gearB t can contain eit!er !alon

or /B 6alon 444 an$ 4304 is 'ery epensi'e an$ $epletes t!e o.one layer, but it is being replace$ by non-$epleting agents

suc! as F100B Note t!at !alon is no illegal in numerous Curis$ictionsB

C)ss 0: "!is is use$ &or ater-reacti'e metals suc! as burning magnesium an$ ill be locate$ in &actories using suc! metalsB

t comes in t!e &orm o& a po$er t!at must co'er t!e material to etinguis! itB

C)ss 1: "!is contains a special purpose et c!emical agent &or use in =itc!en res an$ $eep &ryers to stop res starte$ by

'egetable oils, animal &ats, or ot!er &ats starte$ in coo=ing appliancesB

Note t!at many re etinguis!ers ill or= on a combination o& re classesB


20/73

4.

7

!e3y the fre extinguisher.Almost all re etinguis!ers !a'e a sa&ety pin in t!e !an$leB "!is pin usually loo=s li=e a plastic or metal

ring, sometimes colore$ re$, t!at is !el$ in place by a plastic sealB "!e $istincti'e &eatures ill 'ary $epen$ing on t!e type o& re

etinguis!er you !a'eB


21/73

t !elps i& you ensure t!at youLre &amiliar it! !o your re etinguis!er or=s be&ore being place$ un$er pressureG ta=e time

to rea$ o'er its instructions a&ter youL'e rea$ t!is articleB Familiari.e yoursel& it! its special &eatures an$ partsB DiEerent

etinguis!ers rely on $iEerent met!o$s o& use: be aare o& t!is in a$'ance o& !a'ing to use t!emB

5.

9

Aim $or the *se o$ the fre.S!ooting into t!e Kame is a aste o& t!e re etinguis!er, as youLre not putting out t!e source o& t!e

KamesB tLs 'ital to stop t!e re at its source, or to remo'e or $ampen t!e &uel &rom t!e re, in or$er to put it outB y &ocusing t!e

etinguis!erLs spray at t!e base o& t!e re or t!e source, youLre etinguis!ing t!e &uelB
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22/73

6.

:

!emem*er the simp)e (ronym P.A.S.S. to he)p you use the fre extinguisher e;e(ti


23/73

Aimt!e etinguis!er no..le or !ose at t!e base o& t!e reB As eplaine$, t!is remo'es t!e source or &uel o& t!e reB >eep

yoursel& loB

S=uee>et!e !an$le or le'er sloly to $isc!arge t!e agentB +etting go o& t!e !an$le ill stop t!e $isc!arge, so =eep it !el$

$onB

S%eepsi$e to si$e approimately 7in or 45cm o'er t!e re until epen$e$B "!e seeping motion !elps to etinguis! t!e reB

Stan$ se'eral &eet or metres bac= &rom t!e re: re etinguis!ers are manu&acture$ &or use &rom a $istanceB

"!e re may Kare up some!at as etinguis!ing begins $ue to t!e Kames being pus!e$ aay &rom t!e burning material (t!e

real target) by t!e agent an$ gust o& propellantB Do not be alarme$ so long as it $ies bac= promptlyB


24/73

7.

?

/e %re tht the typi() fre extinguisher %i)) (ontin roun3 +5 se(on3s o$ extinguishing po%er.& t!e etinguis!er !as

alrea$y been $isc!arge$ partially, t!is time ill be lessB

& t!e re $oesnLt respon$ ell a&ter youL'e use$ up t!e re etinguis!er, remo'e yoursel& to sa&ety #uic=lyB

& t!e room lls it! smo=e, ma=e a !asty eitB ?@
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25/73

8.

@

Ten3 to the re i$ you h


26/73

9.

+5

Pur(hse ne% fre extinguisher imme3ite)y."!e ol$ one is no $eplete$ an$ ill ser'e no &urt!er purposeB Do not allo an empty

etinguis!er to be present !ere it coul$ create t!e &alse impression o& being a goo$ etinguis!erB A multi-purpose etinguis!er is best &or

a !omeG c!ec= t!at it is labele$ by an in$epen$ent testing laboratoryB ?@Some re etinguis!ers can be rec!arge$G &or smaller ones,

replacing may be c!eaperB

Fire etinguis!ers s!oul$ be all mounte$ in an accessible placeB >eep out o& t!e reac! o& c!il$ren !o are not responsible

enoug! to lea'e ell aloneB
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27/73

tLs a goo$ i$ea to alays =eep a re etinguis!er in t!e =itc!en aay &rom sources o& !eat suc! as t!e sto'e or coo=ing

sur&acesB

/t!er goo$ places to =eep a re etinguis!er inclu$e: your car, your garage (especially i& you use el$inge#uipment or

Kammable pro$ucts), your cara'an or *V, an$ your boatB n eac! case, mount it some!ere accessible an$ protecte$ &rom

out$oor elementsB

nsure t!at e'eryone in t!e !ouse =nos !ere t!e re etinguis!er is locate$ an$ !o to use it (pro'i$e$ t!ey are ol$

enoug! an$ responsible enoug! to $o so)B

Choosing Fire Extinguishers

I3enti$y the type o$ mteri)s in the re

C)ss A S/+DS suc! as paper, oo$, plastic etc

C)ss / F+A11A+ +;DS suc! as paraIn, petrol, oil etc

C)ss C F+A11A+ ASS suc! as propane, butane,met!ane etc

C)ss 0 1"A+S suc! as aluminium, magnesium, titanium etc

C)ss E Fires in'ol'ing +"*A+ APPA*A";S

C)ss F oo=ing /+ FA" etc

Types o$ fre extinguisher

&ter Fire Extinguishers:

"!e c!eapest an$ most i$ely use$ fre extinguishersB ;se$ &or lass A resB Not suitable &or lass (+i#ui$) res, or !ere electricity is

in'ol'e$B
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28/73

Fom Fire Extinguishers:

1ore epensi'e t!an ater, but more 'ersatileB ;se$ &or lasses A resB Foam spray etinguis!ers are not recommen$e$ &or res

in'ol'ing electricity, but are sa&er t!an ater i& ina$'ertently spraye$ onto li'e electrical apparatusB

0ry Po%3er Fire Extinguishers

/&ten terme$ t!e Qmulti-purpose2 etinguis!er, as it can be use$ on classes A, resB est &or running li#ui$ res (lass )B ill

eIciently etinguis! lass gas res, ;" A*, " AN DAN*/;S "/ M"N;S6 A AS F* "6/;" F*S" S/+A"N "6

AS S;PP+


29/73

Fom - Crem

0ry Po%3er - /)ue

Cr*on 0ioxi3e (/)2 /)('

H)on - "reen (no LillegalL ecept &or a &e eceptions suc! as t!e Police, Arme$ Ser'ices an$ Aircra&t)B

Ne% extinguishers shou)3 (on$orm to /S EN -B %hi(h re=uires tht the entire *o3y o$ the extinguisher *e (o)oure3 re3. A

>one o$ (o)our o$ up to 7 o$ the extern) re (n *e use3 to i3enti$y the (ontents using the o)3 (o)our (o3ing sho%n*o


30/73

"!e burn c!aracteristics o& t!e buil$ing materials o& t!e structures t!ey may g!t re in an$ t!ose clues t!at may arn t!em o& an

impen$ing collapseB

tLs 'ital cres are traine$ an$ prepare$ bot! p!ysically an$ mentally to &ace t!e c!allenges a!ea$ o& t!emB >no !at capabilities

your initial on-scene cres are able to !an$le an$ =no !ere to obtain assistance it! resources !en necessaryB Finally, train yoursel&

an$ practice your ability to $ene ris= benet on all your scenesB

/ne o& t!e most signicant s=ills a regroun$ comman$er s!oul$ possess is one t!ey can obtain be&ore e'er s!oing up on scene o& a reB

>nole$ge o& !o a buil$ing is constructe$ ill oEer tactical clues regar$ing:

*ate o& re sprea$

Voi$ spaces &or !i$$en res

ea= areas t!at can be subCecte$ to rapi$ $eterioration secon$ary to re

6o specic structures may collapse s!oul$ an a$'ance$ re ea=en t!e structural support system &or a gi'en buil$ingB

>noing t!e types o& buil$ing construction classication is paramount to proCecting t!e &uture e'olution o& re it!in a structure:

"ype - re-resisti'e construction (alls, columns, beams, Koors, an$ roo&s ma$e o& non-combustible or limite$ combustiblematerials)

"ype - non-combustible or limite$ combustible construction (similar to re-resisti'e construction ecept t!at t!e $egree o& re

resistance is loer)

"ype - or$inary construction (eterior alls an$ structural members constructe$ o& non-combustible or limite$ combustible

materialsG interior structural members inclu$ing alls, columns, beams, Koors, an$ roo&s completely or partially constructe$ o&

oo$)

"ype V - !ea'y timber construction (eterior an$ interior alls an$ t!eir associate$ structural members ma$e o& non-combustible or

limite$ combustible materialsG ot!er interior structural members inclu$ing beams, columns, arc!es, Koors, an$ roo&s ma$e o& soli$or laminate$ oo$ it! no conceale$ spacesG oo$ must !a'e $imensions large enoug! to be consi$ere$ !ea'y timber)

"ype V - oo$-&rame construction (eterior alls, bearing alls, Koors, roo&s, an$ supports completely or partially o& oo$ or ot!er

appro'e$ materials o& smaller $imensions t!an t!ose use$ in !ea'y timber construction)


31/73

>noing !o a buil$ing is constructe$ ill greatly en!ance t!e regroun$ comman$erLs ability to proCect t!e mo'ement an$ spee$ o& a

re t!at in'ol'es a buil$ingLs structure 'ersus a contents reB "ry an$ ta=e t!e time to get out to your buil$ings un$er construction in your

area an$ see !o t!ey are put toget!erB

"!e net tool &or selecting proper tactical operations is to try an$ gauge !at stage t!e re is at upon arri'alB 1atc!ing proper resources in

t!e proper place at t!e proper time ill almost alays succee$ against an unt!in=ing enemyB

Fire $e'elopment consists o& a 'ariety o& stages:

Ignition

"!e perio$ !en oygen, !eat, &uel an$ c!ain reaction come toget!er in proper rations to allo &or t!e initial combustion process to occurB

At t!is initial point in t!e re progression, t!e re is minimal an$ easily etinguis!e$B

"ro%th

n t!is stage o& t!e re, t!e amount o& !eat being generate$ creates t!ermal up$ra&ting !ic! allos &or t!e mo'ement o& air &rom t!e

surroun$ing area to t!e seat o& t!e re to assist it! maintaining oygen le'els to continue &ee$ing t!e reB

F)sho


32/73

t!an !al& a century agoB "!e time to Kas!o'er is muc! #uic=er an$ statistically is reac!e$ about t!e time cres are Cust &orcing entry an$

$eploying t!eir initial suppression linesB

"!e amount o& !eat being generate$ in to$ayLs res !as also signicantly increase$B "!is !ig!er !eat content signicantly impacts t!e

ability o& ot!er construction materials suc! as steel to &ail sooner into t!e reB

1asonry epose$ to !ig!er temperatures subCect t!e mortar to $egra$e #uic=er an$ ea=en soonerB

Among t!e !a.ar$s to be aare o& are:

ast iron may s!atter !en !eate$ an$ t!en struc= it! col$ ater &rom attac= lines

*ein&orce$ concrete soon loses its strengt! an$ begins to spall

lass it! ire-rein&orce$ ire may pro'i$e some t!ermal protection but $oes not ser'e as an eEecti'e $eterrent to re etension

Fiberglass ill soon lose t!e resins t!at =eep t!e bers toget!er as ell as a$$ to t!e 'olume o& combustible materials on reB

/nce a goo$ un$erstan$ing !as been gaine$ o& !o t!e structure in'ol'e$ in re ill react base$ on construction, re stage, materials

in'ol'e$ an$ t!e total re loa$, a regroun$ comman$er s!oul$ !a'e t!e ability to ma=e e$ucate$ assessments on t!e spee$ an$

$irection o& t!e reB n a$$ition, t!e regroun$ comman$er an$ all reg!ters it!in t!e structure must !a'e a or=ing mental re&erence

o& in$icators o& buil$ing collapseB

"!ese inclu$e:

rac=s or separations in alls, Koors, ceilings, or roo& structures

'i$ence o& eisting structural instability suc! as t!e presence o& tie ro$s an$ stars t!at !ol$ alls toget!er

+oose bric=s, bloc=s, or stones &alling &rom buil$ings

Deteriorate$ mortar beteen t!e masonry

alls t!at appear to be leaning

Structural members t!at appear to be $istorte$

Fires beneat! Koors t!at support !ea'y mac!inery or ot!er etreme eig!t loa$s

Prolonge$ re eposure to t!e structural members


33/73

;nusual crea=s an$ crac=ing noises

Structural members pulling aay &rom alls

cessi'e eig!t o& buil$ing contents

Finally, be&ore $eploying t!eir resources, t!e regroun$ comman$er must consi$er t!e operational rea$iness o& t!eir cresB 6a'e t!ey

recei'e$ t!e training an$ $o t!ey possess t!e eperience necessary to =eep t!emsel'es sa&eO

As= yoursel& t!e &olloing #uestions an$ be sure you are rea$y to &ace a !ars! reality i& your ansers arenLt !at you oul$ li=e to !ear:

Are your cres traine$ to carry out t!e instructions t!at you ill assign t!em to meet t!e tactical plan you are buil$ingO

Are your engineers practice$ enoug! to get t!e apparatus positione$ &or best utili.ation, an$ are t!ey able to operate t!e pump or t!e

la$$er #uic=ly an$ eIcientlyO

Are your oIcers practice$ to per&orm a si.e up, $e'elop an initial strategy, c!oose initial tactics to implement an eEecti'e initial

strategy, lea$ a suitably aggressi'e yet sa&e suppression process, an$ coor$inate any acti'ities assigne$O

Are your reg!ters traine$ to per&orm t!e $uties to !ic! t!ey ill be assigne$ in a sa&e an$ eEecti'e mannerO

s your appointe$ sa&ety oIcer capable o& maintaining t!e o'erall sa&ety o& t!e inci$ent sceneO

Do you !a'e suIcient staIng to meet assignments t!at t!e unit ill be gi'en in a sa&e an$ eIcient mannerO

Do your cres un$erstan$ an$ practice t!e to-in-to-out proce$ures at all timesOs t!ere suIcient staIng on t!e apparatus to ma=e an initial attac= or pro'i$e support &or an engine creO

Are your personnel arri'ing on multiple pieces o& apparatus to ma=e up necessary minimum staIng &or an assignmentO

!at total lengt! o& time it ill ta=e to !a'e a$e#uate staIng on t!e scene to initiate an interior attac= !ile maintaining a rapi$

inter'ention team in placeO

Do you !a'e a$e#uate apparatus response base$ on t!e !a.ar$ in'ol'e$O

!at are t!e possibilities t!at t!ere ill be a $elay in arri'al o& some o& t!e units $ue to roa$ con$itions, eat!er, tra'el $istances, or

units not being staEe$ imme$iatelyO

Do you nee$ &or speciali.e$ apparatus $ue to t!e particular !a.ar$O

Does your apparatus !a'e access to all si$es o& t!e locationO

& you ere able to anser positi'ely to all o& t!e abo'e #uestions, ell $oneT


34/73

As e can see, a ell prepare$ regroun$ comman$er =nos t!e structures t!ey ill be $eploying reg!ters intoB noing !o a structure is built ill also $ictate !o it ill burn an$ !o it coul$ collapseB & e !a'e some minimal insig!t into !at t!e

re ill $o to t!e buil$ing, you can plan an$ $eploy resources accor$ingly, =eeping reg!ter sa&ety as t!e primary concernB Net mont!

e ill connect t!e in&ormation presente$ !ere it! a ris=benet process to allo t!e regroun$ comman$er to ma=e t!e best selection

!en $eci$ing !et!er to initiate an oEensi'e or $e&ensi'e re attac=B

Effective Pre-Incident Planning Reduces Firefighter Deaths

Pre-inci$ent planning is t!e process o& gat!ering an$ recor$ing in&ormation t!at coul$ be critical &or public sa&ety personnel ma=ing li&e-

sa'ing $ecisions at an inci$ent, suc! as a re, terrorist attac=, or natural $isasterB Pre-inci$ent plans generally inclu$e in&ormation t!at ill

be use$ by $ecision ma=ers at a re or ot!er inci$entB Property an$ li'es can be sa'e$ !en t!e nci$ent omman$er !as access to t!is

critical in&ormation about t!e buil$ing an$ its contentsB

A !uge benet o& pre-re planning is t!at it !as stea$ily impro'e$ reg!ter sa&ety, accor$ing to ayne Senter, recent !air o& t!e

nternational Association o& Fire !ie&s (AF)B U!at e see is t!at our $eat! rate in reg!ters is going $on, Senter sai$B UProbably t!e

biggest t!ing t!at e2re $oing in t!e (re sa&ety) ser'ice to re$uce reg!ter $eat!s is re pre'ention an$ prere planningB Senter says

&ormal pre-re planning !as been per&orme$ &or more t!an 5 years, noting t!at t!e re ser'ice in$ustry !as alays $one al=t!roug!s o&

buil$ings, inspecte$ construction an$ contents, access an$ t!e possibility o& a collapseB


35/73

Pre-plans Pinpoint 6a.ar$s, 6ig! *is=s

Pre-re planning is essential, no matter !at si.e your re $epartment may beB A $etaile$ pre-plan can !elp t!e nci$ent omman$er

$etermine !at approac! to ta=e it! battling a re an$ !o to best $eploy reg!ters an$ apparatus at t!e inci$ent sceneB 'en t!e

smallest tons contain buil$ings or sites t!at re#uire pre-inci$ent plans, especially sc!ools, me$ical clinics, auto-repair s!ops, or any ot!er

businesses t!at may use Kammable or ot!erise !a.ar$ous materialsB

A $etaile$ pre-re plan s!os a buil$ing2s Koor plan, $oors an$ ot!er access points, !y$rant locations, roo& construction, sprin=ler an$ FD

$etails, alarm panel location, stairells, utility s!ut-oEs, an$ occupant contact in&ormation, an$ so onB /ne o& t!e most critical pieces o&

in&ormation a pre-plan can oEer is t!e presence o& !a.ar$ous materials, !at type, #uantity, an$ location it!in t!e buil$ingB $eally, pre-

inci$ent plans ill list materials locate$ at a site so t!ey can easily be &oun$ in t!e mergency *esponse ui$eboo= (*)B "!is gui$eboo=

is use$ by Fire an$ Police Departments to i$enti&y specic !a.ar$s an$ !o to $eal it! t!emB


36/73

Automating Pre-plans s oal

n years past, pre-re $iagrams an$ t!e associate$ in&ormation ere usually copie$ on paper an$ store$ in t!ree-ring bin$ers in t!e

$epartment2s 'e!iclesB Someone oul$ !a'e to searc! t!roug! t!e bin$ers to n$ t!e pre-plan &or t!e buil$ing !ere t!e inci$ent

occurre$B ;n&ortunately, as bin$ers get &ull t!ey become more $iIcult to re&erence so pre-plans ta=e longer to n$B Fortunately,

tec!nology is alle'iating t!is problemB

"o$ay, most re $epartments !a'e mobile computers in at least some o& t!eir 'e!icles an$ pre-plans are best store$ t!ereB !en preplans

are store$ electronically t!ey are muc! easier to maintain an$ can be accesse$ in secon$s it! a simple searc! or automatically &rom t!e$ispatc! systemB Accor$ing to AF2s ayne Senter, U!at2s $iEerent no is t!at e !a'e t!e ability to put t!is in&ormation onto a

computer an$ !a'e it rea$ily a'ailable to t!e respon$ing reg!tersB omputers gi'e a per&ect solution &or !o e can organi.e t!e $ata,

=eep it more current, an$ access it #uic=ly, Senter a$$sB

Pre-Plan So&tare

So&tare is no a'ailable to !elp re $epartments create buil$ing an$ site $iagrams an$ organi.e t!ose $iagrams into complete pre-

inci$ent plansB "!ese plans are t!en store$ on t!eir mobile computers in t!e apparatus so t!ey can be accesse$ on t!e ay to an inci$entB

/ne popular oEering &rom"!e AD Wone, ncB (Bca$.oneBcom) combines to so&tare programs,"!e Fire Wonean$ First +oo= ProB "!e

Fire Wone is use$ to electronically create pre-re, post-inci$ent, an$ re-in'estigation $raingsB

First +oo= Pro allos re personnel to compile t!ese $iagrams, along it! ot!er critical in&ormation into an electronic $atabase o& pre-

inci$ent plansB /nce plans are store$ in First +oo= Pro, it! Cust a couple o& mouse clic=s, t!e user can locate t!e plan &or any siteB ac!

plan can contain Koor plan an$ site $iagrams, p!otograp!s, $etails o& t!e buil$ing construction, in&ormation on t!e best ay to gain

access, !y$rant locations, an$ e'en strategy notesB A mobile mapping option &or First +oo= Pro pro'i$es a street map t!at s!os t!e

location o& t!e call an$ t!e current location o& t!e 'e!icle t!at is up$ate$ in real-time by a PS transmitter (inclu$e$ in First +oo= Pro 1apB)

Automating Preplans oosts Iciency, Sa'es "ime

For t!ose re $epartments t!at !a'e turne$ to so&tare programs to streamline t!eir pre-re planning, t!e results !a'e been rear$ingB

For eample, i& t!e city or county planning $epartment alrea$y !as electronic $raings o& commercial buil$ings, t!ese can be importe$

into"!e Fire Woneprogram an$ easily mo$ie$ to create an accurate pre-re $iagramB

"!e 6ollan$ale eac! Fire Department (Flori$a) uses t!is met!o$ to gat!er some o& t!eir pre-re $iagramsB U


37/73

!ie& ob S=illman, o& t!e +o'elan$, olora$o Fire Department, reports t!at by using "!e Fire Wone an$ First +oo= Pro programs e'ery

buil$ing in its $istrict ill be preplanne$ it!in t!e net t!ree yearsB 6oe'er, says !ie& S=illman, Ue2'e been &ortunate since t!e city

alrea$y !a$ electronic $raings &or a lot o& buil$ings t!at e coul$ import into "!e Fire WoneB e2re trying to or= it! our buil$ing

$epartment so t!at !ene'er plans come in electronically, e can get t!em importe$ into our preplan so&tare programB

Accor$ing to !ie& S=illman, !a'ing t!eir preplan automate$ !elps t!e +o'elan$ Fire Department accomplis! t!ree important obCecti'es

&aster t!an e'er be&ore: 4) Fireg!ters can be in&orme$ sooner about !at con$itions may eist it!in a buil$ing t!ey are about to enterG

) "!e nci$ent omman$er ill =no more about t!e buil$ing construction an$ any !a.ar$ous materials so !e or s!e can ma=e in&orme$

$ecisions about !at actions to recommen$G an$ 3) /nce insi$e t!e buil$ing, re g!ters can be gi'en better $irection about !ere to go,especially !en 'isibility is re$uce$ by smo=eB

lectronic Preplans Are etter "!an 6an$ Dran

on'erting to electronic pre-inci$ent plans !as resulte$ in better #uality $iagrams an$ more consistent in&ormation t!an &oun$ in t!e ol$

manual plansB Ue2re seeing more consistent $raings, !ie& S=illman says prou$ly, a$$ing, U!en people !ere $o buil$ing inspections,

t!ey can up$ate preplans, tooB "!e Fire Wone inclu$es t!ousan$s o& pre-$ran NFPA an$ ot!er in$ustry-stan$ar$ symbols an$ many ot!er

&eatures specically &or $raing pre-plansB "!ese Ui.ar$s are a big !elp &or reg!ters learning to create Koor plan an$ site $iagramsB

it! First +oo= Pro, a $epartment creates an electronic $atabase o& all t!eir pre-inci$ent plansB "!is gi'es re g!ters t!e ability to locate

t!e plan &or any specic a$$ress an$ to get in&ormation about ot!er buil$ings near itB For instance, maps an$ aerial p!otograp!s can bea$$e$ to First +oo= Pro t!at s!o an entire bloc= o& buil$ings an$ a$$ressesB Accor$ing to !ie& S=illman Ue can see !ere t!e alleys are,

!ere buil$ings are c!oppe$ up, !ere a store starts an$ stopsB "!is is a true benet to usB e nee$ to =no !o many apartments,

apartment numbers, in$os, corri$or protections, re alarm an$ sprin=ler systems t!ere are in t!ese buil$ingB First +oo= Pro pro'i$es an

easy-to-use receptacle &or all t!is critical in&ormation, an$ more, ma=ing it in'aluable at t!e scene o& an inci$entB

+o'elan$ Fire Department !as installe$ t!eir pre-inci$ent plans on rugge$i.e$ computers in t!eir apparatusB "!e computers are lin=e$ to a

omputer Ai$e$ Dispatc! system t!at is s!are$ by +o'elan$2s police an$ re $epartmentsB "!e re $epartment applie$ &or special grant

&un$ing an$ city &un$s to purc!ase t!e rugge$i.e$ computers &or its re truc=sB n a$$ition to t!e preplanning so&tare programs, t!e

rugge$i.e$ computers also ill !ouse a mapping system t!at can be use$ in conCunction it! pulling up preplans o& specic a$$ressesB


38/73

--------------------------

Fire Prevention Tips and What to Do in Case of Fire in the Philippines


39/73

+ost Fires in the 2hilippines Are aused by udden ombustion of Flammable +aterials, Faulty 'lectrical onnections, and 3on4maintenance of ooking toves and 526 $anks

"!e inci$ence o& re in t!e P!ilippines is consi$erably !ig! especially in $ense metropolitan areasB ;rban res ten$ to increase &rom 1arc!

to 1ay, t!e P!ilippine summer seasonB 1arc! is also =non as t!e countryLs JFire Pre'ention 1ont!BJ

As res claim li'es, $estroy properties, an$ steal t!e in'este$ &uture o& t!ose le&t be!in$ by t!e trage$y, t!e JFire Pre'ention 1ont!J

remin$s Filipinos t!at !omes, oIces, an$ commercial establis!ments suc! as s!opping malls, restaurants, t!eaters, an$ ot!er public

areas become more susceptible to re !en t!ese $elling places are not properly maintaine$ or i& people $onLt eercise proper

precautions to a'oi$ possibilities o& reB

o'ernment agencies an$ pri'ate organi.ations $isseminate in&ormation to t!e public t!roug! e'ents, posters, Kyers, sc!ool bulletins,

oIce announcements, nespapers, maga.ines, "V, ra$io, an$ eb a$s, street an$ !ig!ayposts, an$ ot!er 'enues t!at can !elp

circulate remin$ers, re pre'ention tips, an$ !at to $o in case o& reB

"!e P!ilippinesis a tropical countryB "!e temperature is almost t!e same t!e !ole year roun$B "!e summer season &rom 1arc! to 1ay

!as a temperature range beteen X0 to 85 $egrees Fa!ren!eit !ile t!e col$er season &rom No'ember to February !as a temperature

range beteen 95 to X0 $egrees Fa!ren!eitB

F)mm*)e Mteri)s

Properly store Kammable materials suc! as gasoline, alco!ol, paint, lig!ter, an$ matc!esB "!ese materials mig!t reac! t!eir critical points

&rom t!e !ot eat!er an$ suc! can possibly result to reB A'oi$ t!roing cigarette butts t!at are still lit, especially on $rie$ lea'es,

garbage, an$ pieces o& paper or tissue, as suc! may cause su$$en combustionG an$ t!e re can easily sprea$ it! t!e ai$ o& t!ese

materials, along it! t!e !ig! temperature an$ t!e oygen in t!e airB Also, $onLt lea'e lit cigarette, cigar, or pipe unatten$e$ to a'oi$

acci$ental contact it! Kammable materials an$ materials t!at can easily sprea$ reB

!en using a can$le or gas lamp especially $uring a poer outage, ne'er lea'e it unatten$e$ an$ $onLt put it near curtains, papers, an$

tissuesB "!e same t!ing goes it! lit mos#uito coils !ic! are commonly use$ $uring blac=outsB A'oi$ placing t!em near in$os, &ans,

an$ ot!er sur&aces t!at are prone to acci$ental topplingB

>eep can$les, lamps, an$ mos#uito coils out o& reac! o& c!il$ren or e'en petsB

E)e(tri() Conne(tions

As many large res in t!e P!ilippines are cause$ by &aulty electrical connections, electrical o'erloa$ing, an$ iring problems, it is

etremely important to as= a license$ electrical engineer to con$uct re sa&ety inspections in !omes, oIces, an$ establis!ments to a'oi$
http://www.associatedcontent.com/article/5444810/shopping_in_manila_philippines_the.html?cat=16http://www.associatedcontent.com/article/5533028/traveling_to_manila_philippines_watching.html?cat=16http://www.associatedcontent.com/article/2855630/a_guide_to_tourists_driving_in_the.html?cat=16http://www.associatedcontent.com/article/5449804/airlines_with_flights_from_the_us_and.html?cat=16http://www.associatedcontent.com/article/5444810/shopping_in_manila_philippines_the.html?cat=16http://www.associatedcontent.com/article/5533028/traveling_to_manila_philippines_watching.html?cat=16http://www.associatedcontent.com/article/2855630/a_guide_to_tourists_driving_in_the.html?cat=16http://www.associatedcontent.com/article/5449804/airlines_with_flights_from_the_us_and.html?cat=16


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serious problems on electrical connectionsB on$ucting regular c!ec=s an$ maintenance or= pre'ents possible t!reats o& reB !ile it is

possible to sa'e a &e buc=s by !a'ing t!ings c!ec=e$ or repaire$ by a non-license$ electrician or tec!nician, suc! may e'en increase t!e

ris= o& re cause$ by long-term electrical system problemsB

DonLt o'erloa$ electrical circuits by putting lig!ts, ga$gets, an$ ot!er electric an$ electronic appliancesbeyon$ t!e capacity o& t!e

electrical systemB t is also an i$eal practice to unplug all appliances an$ ga$gets a&ter use or a&ter c!argingB

Anot!er important re pre'ention a$'ice t!at in'ol'es simple li&estyle practice: proper usage, storage, an$ maintenance o& electric an$

electronic appliancesB 1a=e sure electric cor$s are &ree &rom brea=agesB & plugs an$ &uses nee$ repair, $onLt use metal items suc! asstaples or nails to &asten t!e cor$s an$ $onLt replace blon &uses it! coins, ires, or any ot!er metalB ;se applicable replacement

materials an$ as= a pro&essional to properly &raye$ irings an$ problematic electrical turesB

Coo'ing

A number o& re acci$ents reporte$ in t!e P!ilippines also in'ol'e improper (or lac= o&) maintenance an$ ot!er connection problems it!

+P tan=sB "!ese are generally use$ by t!e Filipino !ouse!ol$s &or coo=ingB As a re pre'ention measure, alays c!ec= t!e connections

an$ con$uct maintenance proce$ures on gas sto'es an$ +P tan=sB !ec= t!em &or lea=s an$ alays see= pro&essional !elp &or any

serious concernB t is also important not to lea'e t!e sto'e open beyon$ coo=ing time (sometimes, people &orget to turn oE sto'es be&ore

sleeping, lea'ing t!e !ouse, or $oing ot!er t!ings)B DonLt put any Kammable material near t!e sto'e an$ ma=e sure c!il$ren an$ pets

onLt !a'e easy access to t!em as ellB

&ht to 0o in Cse o$ Fire

Mintenn(eB Se(urityB n3 Pre2fre P)nning

t is alays benecial to a$$ a smo=e $etector to e'ery Koor o& t!e !ouse, oIce, or any establis!mentB 1a=e sure t!at batteries are

c!ange$ at least once a yearB Set a signicant, easy to remember $ate li=e a birt!$ay, an anni'ersary, or a !oli$ay &or t!e annual c!ec=-

up o& t!e smo=e $etectorB "!is maintenance proce$ure must inclu$e c!ec=ing t!e alarm system i& it is &ully &unctionalB

n'est in a re etinguis!er or a number o& re etinguis!ers &or larger spacesB Place t!em near re-prone places suc! as t!e =itc!en

an$or ot!er places t!at can be easily accessible $uring emergenciesB 1a=e sure people =no !o to operate t!emB t is best to put a notebesi$e a re etinguis!er to assure proper useB

As re $epartment p!one numbers in t!e P!ilippines $iEer per city or ton, put t!e numbers besi$e t!e telep!one unit an$ store t!em on

&amily membersL or oIce or=ersL mobile p!onesas ellB

Participate on re an$ eart!#ua=e $rills (eart!#ua=es can possibly cause re, too) t!at are usually organi.e$ by t!e local go'ernment,

sc!ools, buil$ing oners, an$ oIcesB 1a=e a pre-re plan complete it! escape routes &or eac! roomB
http://www.associatedcontent.com/article/5460046/how_to_use_us_gadgets_and_appliances.html?cat=15http://voices.yahoo.com/topic/17301/mobile_phones.htmlhttp://www.associatedcontent.com/article/5460046/how_to_use_us_gadgets_and_appliances.html?cat=15http://voices.yahoo.com/topic/17301/mobile_phones.html


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n case o& actual re, !ile people naturally ant to sa'e as muc! belongings as t!ey can, it is best to escape as #uic=ly as possible to

a'oi$ &urt!er !ealt!an$ sa&ety ris=s t!at may come &rom getting trappe$ in t!e reB

6elp eliminate t!e re only i& t!ere is access to =ey resources suc! as re etinguis!er an$ aterB & t!e re is uncontrollable, prioriti.e

escaping, t!en call t!e re $epartmentB

A'oi$ suEocation in a smo=e-lle$ room by craling as close to t!e groun$ as possible !ile trying to escapeB !en insi$e a buil$ing, use

stairs instea$ o& ele'atorsB !en clot!es or t!e !air catc! re, stop, $rop an$ roll o'er t!e Koor to etinguis! t!e KamesB & near a ater

source an$ a clot!, put enoug! ater to t!e clot! t!en put it o'er t!e burning area to eliminate t!e KamesB

--------------
http://www.associatedcontent.com/article/5534720/types_of_health_insurance_available.html?cat=5http://www.associatedcontent.com/article/5534720/types_of_health_insurance_available.html?cat=5


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Fire Fighter Exam Samples

Fire Fighter 1 Exam

Fire Fighter 2 Exam

Fire Fighting Mechanical Aptitude Exam

Fire Fighting Spacial and Directional Orientation Exam

Fire Fighting Judgement and Reasoning

Fire Fighter Basic Mathematics Exam

Haardous Materials Exam

Fire Fighting !oca"ular#$ %rammar and Spelling Exam

Fire Fighter 1 Sample Exam

1& 'here are (our conditions that must "e met to ha)e a B*E!E& +hich o( the (ollo,ing isnot one o( the conditions-

.on(ined li/uid temperature must "e a"o)e "oiling point at atmospheric pressure

,hen container (ails Su"stance cannot "e a gas$ it must "e a li/uid

*i/uids in)ol)e al,a#s ha)e a 0E* o( 33M or greater

Structural (ailure o( the container

2& +hich mechanism is not a ,a# to trans(er heat-
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43/73

Fusi"le lin4

Radiation

.on)ection

.onduction

5& 6F3A 7M is the standardied s#stem (or the identi(ication o( (ire haards associated

,ith haardous materials& 'his placard is a s/uare 8"ro4en into /uadrants9 that is tiltedup onto a corner 8diamond9 +hat does a "lue /uadrant represent-

Reacti)it#

Speci(ic haard 8special in(ormation9

Health haards

Flamma"ilit#

& +hen using the 3honetic alpha"et ,hat does :H: stand (or-

Hol#cross or hand

Henr# or hotel

Had or hippo

Ha,aii or horn

;& *adders used in the (ire ser)ice ha)e man# pieces and parts& +hich part is not part o( a

(ire ser)ice ladder-

Rope 3ulle#

Hal#ard

Ream


44/73

Fire resisti)e

6on?com"usti"le or limited com"usti"le

Ordinar#

Hea)# tim"er

7& 6F3A @@@@@@@@@ is the standard (or (ire o((icer pro(essional /uali(ications& Fill in the

"lan4&

15

171

12

121

& 'he acron#m O?A?'?H is used during con(ined space rescue& +hat does the O stand (or-

O"e# On,ard

O4

O)erturn

& 'here are nine di((erent haardous materials ,arning la"els& +hat does a class la"elrepresent-

.orrosi)e

Flamma"le and com"usti"le li/uid 3oison and poison inhalation haard

Explosi)es

1& On (ire extinguishers$ ,hich s#m"ol represents com"usti"le metals or class D (uels-

Star


45/73

S/uare

'riangle

.ircle

Fire Fighter 2 Sample Exam

1& At 212 degrees F ,ater expands approximatel# ho, man# times its original )olume- 17

12

1


46/73

2& +hat t#pe o( extrication tools are a"o)e-

Air chisels

3o,er ram

H#draulic ram

Highline pistol

5& +hat does acron#m M!. stand (or-

Motor !ehicle .ollision

Mass !ehicle .ollision

Most !alua"le .adet

Master !ehicle .orridor


47/73

& +hat is the normal concentration o( ox#gen in am"ient air-

1&C

2&C

&2

&21

;& +hich haard ma# need to "e mitigated at an M!.-

Anti(reee spill

Fix?a?Flat (luid

itt#?litter

!egeta"le oil


48/73

6either Fire(ighter

& +hich o( the (ollo,ing 4nots is not in the (igure eight (amil# o( 4nots-

Figure eight

Fishermans 4not

+ater 4not

Figure eight on a "ight

& =n automo"iles ,hat does the acron#m S=3S stand (or-

Side impact pressure s#stems

Side impact protection s#stem

Supplemental in)erted pressure s,itch

Side impact pressure s,itch

1& Building construction is classi(ied under multiple categories& '#pe = construction is ,hat-

+ood (rame

Hea)# tim"er

6on?com"usti"le or limited com"usti"le

Fire resisti)e

Fire Fighter Mechanical Aptitude Exam

1& +hich ans,er "est descri"es siphoning-

'o li(t an o"ect


49/73

Joining t,o pieces o( metal

Bonding t,o pieces o( plastic

'rans(erring li/uid through a tu"e

2& Fill in the "lan4& Justin and Jame# pulled o(( a 1 section o( ,ildland hose and a@@@@@@@@@@ nole to (ight the grass (ire& 0se the picture a"o)e to (igure out the ans,er&

Master

Forester

Dual

Duo

5& 'his tool is a @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@&

Halligan tool

ell# tool


50/73

3r# "ar

Maul

& O( the t#pes o( sa,s listed$ ,hich is not an electrical po,ered sa,-

Hac4 sa,

Jigsa,

Band sa,

.hainsa,

;& 'he (ire(ighting tool sho,n a"o)e is a @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@

.hainsa,

.ircular sa,

.ar"ide chain

.oncrete sa,


51/73


52/73

1& 'his pair o( @@@@@@ cutters a"o)e could "e )er# use(ull# in a situation ,here a ceilingcollapsed and a (ire(ighter "ecame entrapped& See a"o)e image&

+ire

Hole

e#hole

'in

Fire Fighter Spacial and Directional Orientation


53/73

1& At a ,ildland (ire #ou ha)e a rapidl# gro,ing (ire in a ,ildland ur"an inter(ace area& Gouha)e a structure ,ith )in#l siding that #ou 4no, ,ill "urn i( the (ire gets close enough& A

helicopter is coming ,ith a "uc4et to drop ,ater around the structure& +hich ans,erdepicts the roo(top o( the picture a"o)e-

A

B

.

D


54/73

2& Out o( the t,o stations ,hich t,o months had the highest call )olume- 0se the linegraph a"o)e to ans,er the /uestion&

Sep& and Jan&

Jan& and March

Jul# and Aug&

Sep& and 6o)&

5& 'he graph a"o)e is a @@@@@@@ graph&


55/73

3ie

*ine

Bar

6one o( the a"o)e

& 'his little to,n has man# high gpm h#drants& Ho, man# are there exactl#-

1

2

5


56/73

;& =n the map o( Bantuc4na ,hat section o( to,n is the pond-

6+ S+

6E

SE

( d d d l4 d


57/73


58/73

D

& 6earl# @@@@@@@@@C o( all the calls ,ere "rush (ires& 0se the graph a"o)e to ans,er this/uestion&

2

1; 5

2;

+hi h th h d th hi h t ( D0= t -


59/73

& +hich month had the highest occurrence o( D0= arrests-

Jan&

Dec&

April

Jul#

1& @@@@ gears are turning cloc4,ise in the a"o)e illustration&

5

;

O( the (ollo,ing statements regarding tan4 cars choose the "est ans,er o( Athrough D& Statement 1? .apacit# stencils are the onl# mar4ings on tan4 cars& Statement2?'here are three t#pes o( mar4ings (or tan4 cars& Statement 5?'he three t#pes o(mar4ings on tan4 cars are speci(ication mar4ings$ initials 8reporting mar4s9$ and capacit#

stencils&

Statement 1 is trueL Statements 2 and 5 are (alse

Statement 1 is (alseL Statements 2 and 5 are true

Statement 1 and 2 are trueL Statement 5 is (alse

Statement 1 and 2 are (alseL Statement 5 is true

5& 'rue or (alse& 'he green section o( an Emergenc# Response %uide"oo4 has the ta"le o(initial isolation and protecti)e action distances& 0se an ER% to (ind the ans,er&

'rue

False

6A

6A

& 'he 6FA uses a simple classi(ication s#stem (or identi(#ing the haards (aced atemergenc# incidents& 'his classi(ication is 4no, "# the acron#m 'RA.EM3& =t stands (or>

'#pe$ reaction$ association$ chemical$ etiological$ mechanical$ ps#chological

'#pe$ reaction$ asph#xiants$ chemical$ etiological$ mechanical$ ps#chological


69/73

'#pe$ reaction$ asph#xiants$ chemical$ etiological$ mechanical$ ps#chological

'hermal$ radiological$ asph#xiants$ chemical$ epidemic$ ma4e?up$ ph#siological

'hermal$ radiological$ asph#xiants$ chemical$ etiological$ mechanical$ ps#chological

;& 'rue or False& According to the .hemical Emergenc# 3reparedness 3re)ention O((ice$

there are reacti)e classes> Highl# (lamma"le$ explosi)e$ pol#meria"le$ strong oxidiingagent$ strong reducing agent$ ,ater?reacti)e$ non?reacti)e$ peroxidia"le$ compounds$and radioacti)e materials&

'rue

False

6A

6A


70/73

6egligi"le

Slightl# solu"le

Misci"le

=mmisci"le

& =n an Emergenc# Response %uide"oo4 the @@@@@@@@@@@ "ordered pages is an index list

o( dangerous goods in numerical order o( =D num"er&

Blue

Gello,

%reen

Orange

1& +hat is the normal concentration o( ox#gen in am"ient air-

1&C 2&C

25&C

2&2C

Fire Fighter "oca#ular$% &rammar and Spelling

1& +hich ,ord is spelled incorrectl#-

Haggard

Ha"ita"le

Harrass

Hindsight

2& +hich ,ord is spelled correctl#-


71/73

p #

Distortion

Depplore

Disparet#

Deralict

5& .hoose the "est ,ord to complete the sentence& Despite the @@@@@@@@@@@@ pain in her4nee she got up to ,al4 her dog&

!icarious

0ni/ue

'ran/uil

'remendous

& +hen using the 3honetic alpha"et ,hat does :%: stand (or-

%ol( or georgia

%ash or grain

%ol( or george

%orge or george

;& +hich ans,er "est descri"es the ,ord- SA'0RA'E

.on(ident

3retend

Empt#

Soa4


72/73

Dran4

Drin4

Drin4s

%ulps

7& .hoose the ,ord that "est completes the (ollo,ing sentence& Fire(ighter R#an ,as so

@@@@@@@@@@@$ he tested ; h#drants and rolled ; (eet o( hose&

*o#al

0ncom(orta"le

Excessi)e

Am"itious

& +hich ,ord is spelled correctl#-

Excesi)e

Excessi)e Acessi)e

Accessi)e

& .hoose the ans,er that is not spelled correctl#

Apparatus

Oscillate

S#non#m

6one o( the a"o)e

1& .hoose the phrase that "est completes the sentence> = @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ in the (ireser)ice (or 52 #ears thus (ar&

+ill "e

Ha)e "een


73/73

Had "een

Ha)e seen

Documents

Fire Fighter 1 Sample Exam