Final week of renal!

Severe hydronephrosis secondaryto congenital obstruction (arrow) to the pelvi

ureteric junction in a female aged 2 years:

Cystic dysplasia of kidneys and atresia of ureters in a female who died 11/2 hours after birth. (Dysplasia here means abnormality of tissue differentiation or maldevelopment, not a precancerous condition.)

• Bilateral hydroureter (megaloureter) and renal dysplasia in a male aged 10 months with stenosis of the lower ends of both ureters.

Polycystic disease

Early adult type polycysticdisease of the kidneys in a woman aged 33

who died of a ruptured berry aneurysm of theright middle cerebral artery.

Acquired polycystic disease

Nodular hyperplasia of theprostate,

Involvement of ureter bymetastatic carcinoma in iliac lymph nodes.Early hydronephrosis.

Gross hydronephrosis with veryadvanced atrophy of the renal parenchyma

Poorly differentiated carcinoma(arrows) of the urinary bladder with extensive

infiltration of all layers of the bladder wall

• Acute suppurative pyelonephritis and thrombophlebitis in a woman aged 67 who died of staphylococcal septicaemia. Multiple lung abscesses were also present.

• Acute pyelonephritis with exudate

• in tubules and interstitium

• Severe acute pyelonephritis and gross necrotising papillitis

• Necrotizing papillitis complicating acute pyelonephritis

• Chronic pyelonephritisprobably associated with vesico-ureteral reflux Clubbing of the calyces (arrows) is well shown.

• Chronic pyelonephritis. Note large calyx (blue arrow) and cortical atrophy (red arrow).

Cortical atrophy with interstitiallymphocytic infiltrate and ‘thyroidisation’ of

tubules.

Acute necrotising cystitis in afemale diabetic with an indwelling catheter.

Severe chronic pyelonephritiswith asymmetrical renal contraction in a

hypertensive uraemic woman aged 34. Noteagain the clubbing of the minor calyces

(arrows).

Tuberculous pyelonephritis andureteritis. Note the characteristic thickening ofthe wall of the ureter (arrows). Patients with

isolated TB of the kidney present with painlesshaematuria.

Chronic pyonephrosis

Analgesic nephropathy

Analgesic nephropathy showing corticalatrophy overlying necrotic papilla (blue arrow)

and medulla (red arrow).

Acute tubular necrosis in a patientwith crush injury. The swelling of the cortex is

due to dilatation of the proximal tubules.

Interstitial nephritis. Allergic reaction tooral anticoagulant. Note architectural integritybut separation of elements by an inflammatory

cell infiltrate.

Acute renal allograft rejection. The renaltubules are separated by interstitial oedema

and inflammatory cells.

Chronic rejection

Myeloma kidney