Final Motion to Quash and Dismiss Saladero

8/12/2019 Final Motion to Quash and Dismiss Saladero

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REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINESFOURTH JUDICIAL REGIONREGIONAL TRIAL COURTBranch 40, Calapan City

PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES,Plaintiff,

Criminal Ca! N"# CR$0%$&'('- verss - F!r" #lti$le #r%er &

#lti$le Frstrate% #r%er

RUSTO) SI)BULAN, ET AL#A''se%(

*$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$*

)OTION TO +UASHRECALL -ARRANT OF ARRESTAn. )OTION TO /IS)ISS THE CASE

A''se% Att)( Re*i+i! D( Sala%er!, Jr(, ) '!nsels, t! tis H!n!rale

C!rt, res$e'tfll) states" Tat .

PREFATOR

The Constitutional duty of the Court in criminal litigations isnot only to acquit the innocent after trial but to insulate, fromthe start, the innocent from unfounded charges. For the Courtis aware of the strains of a criminal accusation and thestresses of litigation which should not be suffered by theclearly innocent. The filing of an unfounded criminal

information in court exposes the innocent to severe distressespecially when the crime is not bailable. Even an acquittal ofthe innocent will not fully bleach the dark and deep stains leftby a baseless accusation for reputation once tarnishedremains tarnished for a long length of time. The expense toestablish innocence may also be prohibitive and can be more

punishing especially to the poor and the powerless.nnocence ought to be enough and the business of the Courtis to shield the innocent from senseless suits right from thestart.!

1 Dissentin+ O$ini!n, Jsti'e Renat! Pn!( "oberts, #r. v. Court of $ppeals, /01

SCRA 234, #ar' 0, 5667(


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Motion to Quash/Recall Warrant of Arrest & Motion to Dismiss the CasePeople v. Rustom Simbulan, et al. Crim. Case o. CR!"#!$%%

-HO IS ATT# RE)IGIO /# SAL/ERO, 1R#2

5( ATT8( RE#IGIO D( SALADERO, JR( is a %e%i'ate%, $r!*inent an% 9ell

re'!+ni:e% la!r an% *an ri+ts la9)er( He is 'rrentl) te 'ief le+al

'!nsel !f te $r!+ressive la!r *!ve*ent ;ilsan+ #a)! Un! !a*a Tires, R!ina Far*s-Ri:al, LRT, RF#,

S9ifts, C!s*!s B!ttlin+ an% Sl$i'i! Lines, t! na*e a fe9( He an%les

several n%re%s !f la!r 'ases inv!lvin+ t!san%s !f e*$l!)ees(

/( He is als! a *e*er !f te Nati!nal Uni!n !f Pe!$les? La9)ers e% as Assistant Att!rne) at te Del

R!sari! an% Del R!sari! La9 Offi'es in #a>ati Cit) ntil 567( Fr!*

2 A '!$) !f te Certifi'ati!n t! tis effe't fr!* te Offi'e !f te Bar C!nfi%ant %ate%#ar' /, 5660 is eret! atta'e% as Ann!* 3#5(

2


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tere, e entere% te Pli' Att!rne)?s Offi'e is Ba'el!r !f Arts-#a!r in P!liti'al

S'ien'e at te #in%ana! State Universit)


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La!r Lea%ersi$ an% A%v!'a') f!r is '!n'ern in te e*$!9er*ent !f

la!r 9i' e@ten%s t! te sa$in+ !f $li' !$ini!n !n te la!r se't!r(

( Att)( Sala%er!, Jr( is a *e*er !f te Inte+rate% Bar !f te Pili$$ines

l)

$li'ati!n(

CIRUS)TANCES OF HIS ARREST

6( At ar!n% /"23 P(#( !n O't!er /2, /33, 9ile Att)( Re*i+i! D( Sal%er!,

Jr( 9as al!ne an% %raftin+ s!*e $lea%in+s at is !ffi'eresi%en'e at 556

Cir'*ferential R!a%, San Isi%r!, Anti$!l! Cit), Ri:al, e ear% s!*e!%)

>n!'>in+ at te +ate(

53( He initiall) i+n!re% te >n!'>in+s as e 9as n!t e@$e'tin+ an)

a$$!int*ent f!r tat aftern!!n, t 9en te >n!'>in+s $ersiste%, e

%e'i%e% t! 'e'> 9! it 9as(

55( At te +ate, Att)( Re*i+i! D( Sala%er!, Jr( n!ti'e% a frail-l!!>in+ *an in

'ivilian 'l!tes, a!t /3 t! 23 )ears !l%( en te *an t!l% i* e 9as

l!!>in+ f!r Att)( Sala%er!, e let te *an in(

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5/( On'e insi%e, te *an t!l% Att)( Sala%er! a!t is alle+e% r!ter 9! is

$r$!rte%l) 'ar+e% 9it a %r+-relate% !ffense( Att)( Sala%er! a%vise%

i* tat if te !ffense is ailale, is r!ter *a) $!st ail !ter9ise, e

'!l% file a $etiti!n f!r ail( All te 9ile, Att)( Sala%er! a% n!ti'e% tat

te *an >e$t !n +lan'in+ ar!n%, as if 'e'>in+ if e a% '!*$ani!ns(

52( Ten te *an t!l% Att)( Sala%er! tat te %!'*ents !n te 'ase 9as in

is *!t!r i>e 9i' 9as alle+e%l) $ar>e% !tsi%e, an% as>e% $er*issi!n

t! +et te*(

51( #intes later, te *an 'a*e a'> 9it t9! !ter *en in 'ivilian 'l!tes(

One !f te* s%%enl) a$$r!a'e% Att)( Sala%er! an% as>e% i* ;a)! si

Att)( Sala%er! Ten e s!9e% *e a %!'*ent 9ile sa)in+ *+a $lis

>a*i, *a) 9arrant >a)!, *lti$le *r%er an% *lti$le frstrate% *r%er sa

RTC Cala$an(

50( Att)( Sala%er! trie% t! rea% te %!'*ent t te *an i**e%iatel)

9it%re9 it( At a +lan'e, !9ever, Att)( Sala%er! '!l% rea% tat it 9as a

9arrant f!r te arrest !f !ne RE#EGIO SALADERO K ;A PATRIC;,

isse% !n O't!er 7, /33 ) J%+e T!*as Le)nes(

57( en Att)( Sala%er! insiste% tat te arrestin+ !ffi'ers *a%e a *ista>e in

arrestin+ i*, te *an ar>e% at i*, S*a*a >a)! nan+ *aa)!s $ara

9alan+ *an+)arin+ *asa*a(

54( Tere$!n, Att)( Sala%er! t!!> !t is 'elllar $!ne t! 'all is 9ife t

te *an '!nfis'ate% it( An!ter %re9 is +n an% t!l% i* t! >ee$ iet(

An% te !ter, 9! $reten%e% t! ave a r!ter 'ar+e% 9it a %r+-

relate% !ffense, an%'ffe% Att)( Sala%er!(

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5( Des$ite Att)( Sala%er!?s $leas t! all!9 i* t! 'all is 9ife, te *en

refse%, $lle% i* !t !f is !se an% f!r'e% i* int! a tinte% van(

56( T9! !ter *en in 'ivilian 'l!tes, 9! a% een $!siti!ne% at te +ate !f

te '!*$!n%, als! 9ent insi%e is !se an% t!!> 9it te* Att)(

Sala%er!?s la$t!$(

/3( It 9as !nl) later tat Att)( Sala%er! learne% e 9as arreste% ) te

'!*ine% f!r'es !f te RIID 1A, PIB, Ri:al PPO 15 tPP#G, an% tat te

'entral $r!'essin+ nit seat san%9i'e% et9een t9! !f is 'a$t!rs 9! 9ere ar*e% 9it

l!n+ firear*s( Te *an seate% esi%e te %river 9as als! ar*e%(

//( en te van $asse% ) te Anti$!l! P!li'e Stati!n, Att)( Sala%er!

reeste% tat te) %r!$ ), !$in+ tat s!*e $!li'e*en in te stati!n

9!l% re'!+ni:e i*( Bt is 'a$t!rs i+n!re% is reest(

/2( Att)( Sala%er!?s 'a$t!rs e+an interr!+atin+ i* insi%e te van, as>in+

i* several !tlan%is esti!ns s' as !9 *an) ti*es e a% +!ne $

te *!ntains an% is '!%e na*e( He e@$laine% t! te* tat te)

$r!al) +!t te 9r!n+ *an( He als! as>e% te* if e '!l% 'all is

la9)ers an% if e '!l% +et a'> is 'elllar $!ne( Bt is 'a$t!rs t!l%

i* tat e 9!l% e all!9e% t! *a>e is 'alls later( Te *en ten

starte% t! ta>e is $i'tre, sin+ teir !9n 'elllar $!nes(

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/1( Te van ten st!$$e% at te Ri:al P!li'e Pr!vin'ial Offi'e in Hillt!$,

Ta)ta), Ri:al( Te ar*e% *en %ise*ar>e% f!r a 9ile an% t!!> $i'tres

!f Att)( Sala%er!(

/0( en te ar*e% *en +!t a'> insi%e te van, te) t!l% Att)( Sala%er!

tat te) are +!in+ t! te PNP Re+i!nal Offi'e at Canlan+( He

re*aine% in an%'ffs tr!+!t te tri$(

/7( At ar!n% 0"33 P(#(, Att)( Sala%er! 9as r!+t t! Ca*$ i'ente Li* in

Canlan+, La+na 9ere e 9as a+ain $!t!+ra$e% an% is

fin+er$rints 9ere ta>en( Tereafter, e 9as se'te% t! a %etaile%

interr!+ati!n( His ans9ers 9ere all ta>en %!9n ) te interr!+at!r( At tis

$!int, Att)( Sala%er! a+ain reeste% tat e e all!9e% t! 'all is 9ife !r

is la9)ers, t te interr!+at!r i+n!re% is reest(

/4( Att)( Sala%er! 9as *a%e t! ans9er $r)in+ esti!ns ran+in+ fr!* te

na*es !f is $arents, is 9ife?s an% t!se !f is relatives( He 9as even

as>e% a!t is *e*ersi$ in !r+ani:ati!ns, is $!siti!ns terein an% is

tas>s( He t!l% is interr!+at!r tat is tas>s %i% n!t in'l%e lea%in+ !r

!inin+ te ar*e% str++le a+ainst te +!vern*ent, an% tat all is a'ti!ns

9ere all le+al an% in a''!r%an'e 9it la9(

/( en as>e% a!t is inv!lve*ent 9it ;#U, Att)( Sala%er! t!l% is

interr!+at!r tat as its 'ief le+al '!nsel, e ren%ers le+al assistan'e t!

9!r>ers an% ni!ns affiliate% 9it te sai% la!r 'enter(

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/6( Att)( Sala%er! 9as li>e9ise as>e% a!t is '!*$ani!ns in is !ffi'e, an%

9eter e as !ine% rallies( Att)( Sala%er! e@$laine% tat e 9!l%

$arti'i$ate in rallies as an e@er'ise !f is free%!* !f e@$ressi!n(

23( He 9as als! as>e% a!t te se*inars e as $arti'i$ate% in, in'l%in+ its

venes, te t!$i's an% te $arti'i$ants( He 9as als! as>e% a!t te

B;P !r te I;P, t! 9i' e ans9ere% tat e a% never $arti'i$ate% in

s' t)$es !f se*inars( Drin+ te entire interr!+ati!n, Att)( Sala%er!

9as still an%'ffe%(

25( Te interr!+ati!n 9as 't s!rt !nl) ) an !r%er sen%in+ Att)( Sala%er! t!

te $!li'e 'lini' f!r e@a*inati!n after 9i' te interr!+ati!n res*e%( He

re*aine% in an%'ffs all tr!+!t tese entire $r!'ess(

2/( Att)( Sala%er! 9as all!9e% t! *a>e a 'all !nl) at 6"33 P(#( after several

!rs !f interr!+ati!n, an% after al*!st ei+t en t!, is 9ife an% is

'!llea+e in is Me:!n Cit) !ffi'e, Att)( N!el Neri, rse% t! Ca*$

i'ente Li*( Te) 9ere all!9e% t! see an% tal> !nl) riefl) 9it Att)(

Sala%er! 9! 9as a+ain left in s!litar) '!nfine*ent after te visit(

21( At 7"23 in te *!rnin+ !f te f!ll!9in+ %a), O't!er /1, /33, Att)(

Re*i+i! D( Sala%er! Jr( 9as l!a%e% ) is $!li'e es'!rts in an n*ar>e%

vei'le earin+ n! li'ense $late, !ver an% a!ve is 9ife?s insisten'e an%

$lea tat se e all!9e% t! a''!*$an) i* %rin+ te travel(

8


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20( Att)( Sala%er! 9as r!+t t! Ca*$ Nara*!, Cala$an Cit) 9ere e 9as

a+ain $!t!+ra$e% an% fin+er$rinte%( It 9as !nl) at 2"33 P(#( tat e

9as $resente% t! te Re+i!nal Trial C!rt !f Cala$an Cit), Bran' 13

ef!re J%+e T!*as Le)nes( It 9as !nl) %rin+ tat ti*e tat e 9as

ale t! rea% te inf!r*ati!n an% sa9 tat te a''se% 9as !ne

RE#EGIO SALADERO alias ;a Patri'> !f L!s Ban!s, La+na(

27( Att)( Re*i+i! D( Sala%er!, Jr( intr!%'e% i*self in !$en '!rt tat e is

an att!rne) an% reeste% tat e e frnise% 9it a '!$) !f te re'!r%s

!f is 'ase( H!9ever, e 9as %enie% a''ess t! te re'!r%s an% 9as t!l%

e '!l% n!t e $r!vi%e% 9it a '!$) alle+e%l) e'ase !f te n*er !f

a''se% an% te $!ssiilit) !f fli+t ) te !ter a''se% na*e% in te

inf!r*ati!n(

24( Als! !n tat %a), E@e'tive J%+e #anel O( Lna, Jr( isse% a

C!**it*ent Or%er 9i' sr$rise% Att)( Sala%er! as e ear% f!r te first

ti*e is na*e '!rre'tl) s$elle% an% $r!n!n'e% in '!rt( Te

C!**it*ent Or%er %ate% O't!er /1, /33 n!9 ears is na*e

RE#IGIO SALADERO, JR( 8 DA#ANDA#AN, n!t RE#EGIO

SALADERO 9i' a$$ears in te a*en%e% Inf!r*ati!n( B) virte !f

te sai% C!**it*ent Or%er, Att)( Re*i+i! D( Sala%er!, Jr( 9as transfrre%

t! te Oriental #in%!r! Pr!vin'ial Jail at a!t 2"23 P(#( !f te sa*e

%ate, 9ere e re*ains %etaine% $ t! te $resent(

STATE)ENT OF THE CASE

2( On Jl) /1, /337 Assistin+ Pr!vin'ial Pr!se't!r D!rina H( J!)a, 9it te

a$$r!val !f Pr!vin'ial Pr!se't!r J!se$ine C( Caran:! . Olivar !f

Oriental #in%!r!, file% te inf!r*ati!n in tis 'ase a''sin+ a 'ertain

9


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Rst!* Si*lan K ;a B!) K ;a Ba)ani K ;a Silan+ K ;a Artr

an% J!n D!es !f *lti$le *r%er an% *lti$le frstrate% *r%er( Te

inf!r*ati!n alle+e% tat te a''se% Rst!* Si*lan !f Pert! Galera,

Oriental #in%!r! an% J!n D!es a*se% a +r!$ !f PNP s!l%iers in

aran+a) San Isi%r!, Pert! Galera, Oriental #in%!r! in te earl) *!rnin+

!f #ar' 2, /337 resltin+ in te %eat !f tree an% te 9!n%in+ !f t9!

!ters(

26( Te inf!r*ati!n liste% si@ 9itnesses an% ten e@iits f!r te $r!se'ti!n(

Neiter te na*e !f Att)( Re*i+i! D( Sala%er!, Jr( n!r an) !f te sevent)-

t9! a''se% !ter tan Rst!* Si*lan is *enti!ne% in an) !f te

s$$!rtin+ affi%avits an% e@iits !f te $r!se'ti!n( Presi%in+ J%+e

T!*as C( Le)nes isse% a 9arrant !f arrest !nl) a+ainst Rst!*

Si*lan( Parenteti'all), te res!lti!n %ate% Jl) /3, /337 !f

investi+atin+ $r!se't!r D!rina H( J!)a, 9i' 9as a$$r!ve% an% si+ne%

) Pr!vin'ial Pr!se't!r J!se$ine C( Caran:!- Olivar, e@$li'itl) sai% tat

te J!n D!es in te !ri+inal inf!r*ati!n 9! 9ere alle+e%l) *e*ers !f

te Ne9 Pe!$le?s Ar*) 9ere ni%entifie%( Te $r!se't!r?s res!lti!n

e@$li'itl) state% tat te res!lti!n is ase% s!lel) !n te evi%en'e

s*itte% ) te '!*$lainant( Te res!lti!n sai% tat !nl) *!re tan 50

eavil) ar*e% *en ea%e% ) Si*lan sta+e% te a*s( e ta>e

n!te !f tis 'r'ial fin%in+ !f $r!se't!r J!)a 9! '!n%'te% te

$reli*inar) investi+ati!n a+ainst Rst!* Si*lan e'ase it '!ntra%i'ts

an% %estr!)s te 're%iilit) !f $r!se'ti!n 9itness in'ent Silva, te !nl)

9itness a+ainst Att)( Sala%er! an% te 43 !ters 9! 9ere in'l%e% in te

a*en%e% inf!r*ati!n file% ) Pr!se't!r H*ilit! A( D!l!r 9it!t

'!n%'tin+ te reisite $reli*inar) investi+ati!n( B!t 9itness Silva an%

Pr!se't!r D!l!r alle+e% tat sevent)-t9!


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'ar+e% in te a*en%e% inf!r*ati!n in'l%in+ a 'ertain Re*e+i!

Sala%er! alias ;a Patri'>, s!*e !f te* 9!*en, *an) if n!t *!st !f te*

are s!'ial a'tivists an% *ass lea%ers !f se't!ral $r!+ressive

!r+ani:ati!ns(

13( In an !r%er %ate% #a) 4, /334 te Presi%in+ %+e *!t $r!$i! !r%ere%

tat te 'ase e ar'ive% 9it!t $re%i'e t! its sseent $r!se'ti!n

as s!!n as te a''se% is a$$reen%e%(

15( On Se$te*er /6, /33, *!re tan !ne )ear an% f!r *!nts after te

'ase 9as ar'ive%, an!ter $r!se't!r, $r!se't!r H*ilit! A( D!l!r, 9it

te a$$r!val !f Pr!vin'ial Pr!se't!r J!se$ine C( Caran:!-Olivar file% an

a*en%e% inf!r*ati!n tat n!9 in'l%es in a%%iti!n t! Rst!* Si*lan

te na*e Re*e+i! Sala%er! a>a ;a Patri'> an% sevent) !ters 9it

'!rres$!n%in+ aliases(

1/( Drin+ te s'e%le% arrai+n*ent !n O't!er /4, /33 $r!se't!r D!l!r

'!nfir*e% ) is !9n a%*issi!n in !$en '!rt te %e'isive fa'ts '!ntaine%

in te re'!r%s 9i' are fatal t! te $r!se'ti!n?s 'ase

1/(5 He file% te a*en%e% inf!r*ati!n 9it!t '!n%'tin+ a $reli*inar)

investi+ati!n

1/(/ te sevent)-!ne a%%iti!nal a''se% 9! 9ere in'l%e% in te

a*en%e% inf!r*ati!n 9ere n!t isse% an) s$!ena !r n!tifie% !f

te filin+ !f an a*en%e% inf!r*ati!n a+ainst te*( Teref!re,

te) 9ere %enie% teir ri+t t! $resent teir %efense tr!+

'!nter-affi%avits

11


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1/(2 n! *!ti!n 9as file% in '!rt t! revive te ar'ive% 'ase

1/(1 te *!ti!n t! a%*it a*en%e% inf!r*ati!n, 9i' 9as a$$r!ve% )

Pr!vin'ial Pr!se't!r Caran:!-Olivar 9as file% e@ $arte( N!ne !f

te sevent)-!ne a%%iti!nal a''se% 9as n!tifie% !r sent '!$) !f te

#!ti!n( N! earin+ !n te *!ti!n 9as '!n%'te% ) te '!rt

1/(0 Pr!se't!r H*ilit! D!l!r 'ertifie% n%er !at tat te a*en%e%

inf!r*ati!n 9as file% !n te asis !f te affi%avit !f in'ent Silva,

s$e'ifi'all) na*in+ te J!n D!es in te !ri+inal inf!r*ati!n(

1/(7 In t!tal %isre+ar% !f te *eanin+ an% i*$li'ati!n !f te $li'

$r!se't!r?s !at an% 'ertifi'ati!n t! te fn%a*ental ri+ts !f te

a''se%, an% latantl) '!**ittin+ $err), Pr!se't!r D!l!r,

'ertifie% n%er !at tat a $reli*inar) investi+ati!n 9as $revi!sl)

'!n%'te% in tis 'ase an% !n te asis !f te s9!rn state*ents

an% !ter evi%en'es !n re'!r%, te n%ersi+ne%


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n%er *ilitar)$!li'e 'st!%)( Cri!sl), te $ra)er !f te *!ti!n t!

a%*it a*en%e% inf!r*ati!n *erel) as>e% te '!rt t! a%*it te

sa*e t! f!r* $art !f te re'!r%s !f te instant 'ase(

12 In an !r%er %ate% O't!er 2, /33 te Presi%in+ %+e, tterl)

%isre+ar%in+ te ri+t t! $reli*inar) investi+ati!n an% in seri!s

vi!lati!ns !f te '!nstitti!nal ri+t t! %e $r!'ess !f te a''se%,

+rante% te *!ti!n t! a%*it a*en%e% inf!r*ati!n(

12(5 In is !r%er, te H!n!rale Presi%in+ %+e sai% te C!rt ere)

a%!$ts te fin%in+s !f te $reli*inar) investi+ati!n '!n%'te% )

te investi+atin+ !ffi'ers tat $r!ale 'ase e@ists, tat te 'ri*e

a% een '!**itte% an% tat te a''se%, 9! are !ri+inall)

na*e% as J!n D!es in te !ri+inal inf!r*ati!n, *i+t $r!al)


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In '!ntraventi!n !f tis rle, te a*en%e% inf!r*ati!n 'ar+es *!re tan

!ne !ffense( Arti'le 1 !f te Revise% Penal C!%e 'ann!t e inv!>e% in tis

'ase e'ase tis is n!t a '!*$le@ 'ri*e(

THE E7I/ENCE FOR THE PROSECUTION

11 A 'arefl st%) !f te evi%en'e f!r te $r!se'ti!n reveals te

f!ll!9in+"

11(5 In te '!*$laint affi%avits e@e'te% ) P!li'e Ins$e't!r ils!n

Gani an% PO5 J!se$ Panes !n #ar' 1, /337 . te f!ll!9in+ %a)

after te in'i%ent . n! *enti!n 9as *a%e !f te n*er, *' less

te i%entit), !f an) !f te $er$etrat!rs( In $ara+ra$ 50 !f teir

res$e'tive affi%avits te t9! '!*$lainants i%enti'all) sai% te)

e@e'te% teir affi%avits upan( maipaliana( an( buon(

pan(aari.0 T9! %a)s later, !r !n #ar' 7, /337 te t9! affiants,

in ans9er t! a lea%in+ esti!n fr!* te $!li'e investi+at!r, 'lai*

te) !verear% %rin+ te in'i%ent te alias ;a B!) fr!* !ne !f

te $er$etrat!rs an% '!n'l%e% tat ;a B!) *st e Rst!*

Si*lan, ase% !n teir Or%er !f Battle( B!t affiants a%%iti!nall)

'lai* tat te n*er !f $er$etrat!rs is *!re tan fifteen

1mahi(it sa labin( lima2. Clearl), tis !vi!s fari'ati!n i%entif)in+

!ne alle+e% $er$etrat!r 9as *a%e t! s$$!rt te filin+ !f te

!ri+inal inf!r*ati!n(

11(/ As t! te i%entities !f te sevent)-!ne a''se% 9!se na*es 9ere

a%%e% t! te a*en%e% inf!r*ati!n in'l%in+ tat !f a 'ertain

Re*e+i! Sala%er! alias ;a Patri'> te !nl) evi%en'e f!r te

14


15/44


$r!se'ti!n is te are, nsstantiate% an% inerentl) in're%ile

state*ent !f in'ent Silva %ate% A+st 56, /33 an% s9!rn t!

ef!re N!tar) Pli' Re) La%a+a !n Se$te*er /, /33(

11(2 Rle 55/ Se'ti!n 1 !f te Rles $r!vi%e"

SEC( 1( Resolution of investi(atin( prosecutor an' itsrevie.. If te investi+atin+ $r!se't!r fin%s 'ase t! !l%te res$!n%ent f!r trial, e sall $re$are te res!lti!n an%inf!r*ati!n( He sall 'ertif) n%er !at in te inf!r*ati!n

tat e, !r as s!9n ) te re'!r%, an at!ri:e% !ffi'er, as$ers!nall) e@a*ine% te '!*$lainant an% is 9itnesses tattere is reas!nale +r!n% t! elieve tat a 'ri*e as een'!**itte% an% tat te a''se% is $r!al) +ilt) tere!ftat te a''se% 9as inf!r*e% !f te '!*$laint an% !f teevi%en'e s*itte% a+ainst i* an% tat e 9as +iven an!$$!rtnit) t! s*it '!ntr!vertin+ evi%en'e( Oter9ise, esall re'!**en% te %is*issal !f te '!*$laint(

C!ntrar) t! tis *an%at!r) reire*ent, te re'!r%s %! n!t s!9 tat

in'ent Silva ever a$$eare% ef!re $r!se't!r D!l!r !r an) !ter $li'

$r!se't!r( Te re'!r%s %! n!t s!9 an) sffi'ient 'ertifi'ati!n *a%e )

te $li' $r!se't!r in '!*$lian'e 9it tis rle( Te 'ertifi'ati!n

*erel) states"

I HEREB8 CERTIF8 UNDER OATH, tat a$reli*inar) investi+ati!n 9as $revi!sl) '!n%'te% in tis'ase an% !n te asis !f te s9!rn state*ents an% !terevi%en'es !n re'!r%, te n%ersi+ne% f!n% a reas!nale+r!n% t! elieve tat te 'ri*e '!*$laine% !f as een'!**itte% an% tat te res$!n%ents are $r!al) +ilt)tere!f(

I HEREB8 FURTHER CERTIF8 tat tis A#ENDEDINFOR#ATION 9as file% !n te asis !f te affi%avit !fINCENT SILA, s$e'ifi'all) na*in+ te JOHN DOE?s in

te !ri+inal inf!r*ati!n(

Te s9!rn state*ent !f in'ent Silva is a '!nfessi!n( Te la9 reires tat

s' '!nfessi!n, t! e vali% an% a%*issile as evi%en'e, *st e *a%e 9it

te assistan'e !f a la9)er freel) '!sen ) Silva( On te fa'e !f te s9!rn

15


16/44


state*ent, Silva 9as n!t assiste% ) '!nsel 9en e e@e'te% is

'!nfessi!n(

11(1 Tere is as!ltel) n! evi%en'e !f '!ns$ira') t! s$$!rt s'

alle+ati!n in te inf!r*ati!n(

11(0 In te affi%avit !f in'ent Silva, e %i% n!t sa) tat Re*e+i!

Sala%er! alias ;a Patri'> 9as a $er$etrat!r !r $arti'i$ant in te

alle+e% rnin+ !f te Gl!e t!9er !r in te alle+e% a*s !f te

PNP s!l%iers( In fa't, 9it te e@'e$ti!n !f Si*lan, a 'ertain

#i+el #a+ata, a 'ertain Jai*e Pa%illa, a 'ertain E%*ar

Fernan%e: an% i*self Silva %i% n!t sa) tat te si@t)-seven !ters

9ere $er$etrat!rs !r $arti'i$ants in te t9! 'ri*es( He 9as e@$li'it

in is state*ent tat tese si@t) seven n!9le%+e !r >ne9 !f tese in'i%ents( n!9le%+e !f

te in'i%ents( In '!nn'ti!n 9it te state*ents !f '!*$lainin+

9itnesses ils!n Gani an% J!se$ Panes tat *!re tan fifteen

eavil) ar*e% *en $er$etrate% te alle+e% a*s, te

$r!se'ti!n?s te!r) an% evi%en'e is seri!sl) fla9e% an%

inerentl) in're%ile e'ase it see>s t! $r!ve tat te rest !f te

sevent)-t9! a''se% !ter tan te *!re tan fifteen eavil)

ar*e% *en 9ere eiter l!!>-!ts, !n-l!!>ers !r >iit:ers %rin+

te a*s(

16


17/44


GROUN/S IN SUPPORT OF THE )OTIONS

I

THE -ARRANT OF ARREST ISSUE/ AGAINSTHEREIN ACCUSE/ ATT# RE)IGIO SALA/ERO1R# IS 7OI/ AB INITIO#

N" pr!liminary in8!ti9ati"n :ac"n.;ct!. in thi ca! in !ri";8i"lati"n "< th! c"ntit;ti"nal ri9ht t"

.;! pr"c! "< acc;!. Atty#Sala.!r", 1r# Th!r!


18/44


Se'(2( Pr!'e%re(- E@'e$t as $r!vi%e% in se'ti!n 4 ere!f,n! '!*$laint !r inf!r*ati!n f!r an !ffense '!+ni:ale ) teRe+i!nal Trial C!rt sall e file% 9it!t a $reli*inar)

investi+ati!n avin+ een first '!n%'te% in te f!ll!9in+*anner"

e9ise el%" A $reli*inar) investi+ati!n is te 'r'ial

sieve in te 'ri*inal sti'e s)ste* 9i' s$ells f!r an in%ivi%al te

%ifferen'e et9een *!nts if n!t )ears !f a+!ni:in+ trial an% $!ssil)

ail ter*, !n te !ne an%, an% $ea'e !f *in% an% liert), !n te !ter

9Cru-, #r. vs. +eople, /22 SCRA 126(

18


19/44


an%( Ts, 9e ave 'ara'teri:e% te ri+t t! a $reli*inar)

investi+ati!n as n!t a *ere f!r*al !r te'ni'al ri+t t a

sstantive !ne, f!r*in+ $art !f %e $r!'ess in 'ri*inal sti'e(53

16(5 N!t !nl) tat, te S$re*e C!rt in tese 'ases e*$asi:e% tat

te %enial !f te ri+t t! $reli*inar) investi+ati!n, ein+ a >e)

'!*$!nent !f te a''se%?s ri+t t! %e $r!'ess, invali%ates te

$r!'ee%in+s a% !n a 'ase(

03 In te 'ase !f (ecretary of #ustice v. antion55 te S$re*e C!rt

als! el%, t! 9it"

n a preliminary investigation which is anadministrative investigatory proceeding, Section4, Rule 55 of the Rules of Court (uarantees therespon'ent6s basic 'ue process ri(hts, (rantin( him

the ri(ht to be furnishe' a cop of the complaint, theaffi'avits, an' other supportin( 'ocuments, an' theri(ht to submit counter!affi'avits an' other supportin('ocuments ithin ten 'as from receipt thereof.Moreover, the respon'ent shall have the ri(ht toe*amine all other evi'ence submitte' b thecomplainant.0

x x

True to the mandate of the due process clause,

the basic rights of notice and hearing pervade notonly in criminal and civil proceedings, but inadministrative proceedings as well. /on0observance of these rights will invalidate the

proceedings. 7n'ivi'uals are entitle' to be notifie' ofan pen'in( case affectin( their interests, an' uponnotice, the ma claim the ri(ht to appear therein an'

present their si'e an' to refute the position of theopposin( parties 1Cru8, Phil. A'ministrative )a,599# e'., p. #:2.

10adlad vs. (enior (tate +rosecutor 1elasco, et al., G(R( N!s( 54/343-4/ G(R(

N!s( 54/341-47' an% G(R( N!( 540352, 35 Jne /334 2o vs. Court of $ppeals, G(R(N!( 53524, 55 Ferar) 566/, /37 SCRA 52(112// SCRA 573,

19


20/44


05 Drin+ te last earin+ !f tis 'ase !n /4 O't!er /33, te $r!se't!r

trie% t! '!*e $ 9it a la*e e@'se 9) te a''se% 9as n!t n!tifie%

!f an) $r!'ee%in+ re+ar%in+ te filin+ !f te A*en%e% Inf!r*ati!n an%

en%e% $ 9it a latant a%*issi!n tat n! s$!ena 9as sent t! te

$arties $arti'larl) t! te a''se% e'ase te) ave file% te

A*en%e% Inf!r*ati!n !n te s!le asis !f te affi%avit !f in'ent Silva

na*in+ te !ter a''se%


21/44


Infinitel) *!re i*$!rtant tat '!nventi!nal a%eren'et! +eneral rles !f 'ri*inal $r!'e%re is res$e't f!rte 'iti:en?s ri+t t! e free n!t !nl) fr!* aritrar)arrest an% $nis*ent t als! fr!* n9arrante% an%

ve@ati!s $r!se'ti!n( Te inte+rit) !f a %e*!'rati's!'iet) is '!rr$te% if a $ers!n is 'arelessl) in'l%e%in te trial !f ar!n% f!rt) $ers!ns 9en !n te ver)fa'e !f te re'!r% n! evi%en'e lin>in+ i* t! tealle+e% '!ns$ira') e@ists(

05(1 In li+t !f te 'lear a%*issi!ns !f te $li' $r!se't!r i*self tat

n! $reli*inar) investi+ati!n 9as '!n%'te% a+ainst erein a''se%

Att)( Re*i+i! Sala%er!, Jr(, !ne '!*es t! te inevitale '!n'lsi!n

tat Att)( Sala%er!?s ri+t t! %e $r!'ess as een +ravel),

seri!sl), an% *assivel) vi!late%

05(0 Be'ase !f tis +rave, seri!s an% *assive vi!lati!n !f te

a''se% Att)( Sala%er!?s ri+t t! %e $r!'ess, te $r!'ee%in+s .

startin+ fr!* te filin+ !f te a*en%e% inf!r*ati!n 9i' le% t! te

arrest !f erein a''se% Att)( Re*i+i! D( Sala%er!, Jr(, te

'!nfis'ati!n !f is $ers!nal effe'ts, in'l%in+ te Or%er '!**ittin+

i* t! e %etaine% at te Oriental #in%!r! Pr!vin'ial Jail, are all

nll an% v!i%(

The information, on its face, is apatent nullity. The trial court did notacquire 7urisdiction over the8multiple% murder and multiplefrustrated murder case. Clearly too,the warrant of arrest issued againstaccused $tty. "emigio 9. (aladero,#r. is null and void0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000

0/ Rle 553, Se'ti!n 52 !f te Rles !f C!rt e@$li'itl) reires tat a

'!*$laint !r inf!r*ati!n *st 'ar+e !nl) !ne !ffense, e@'e$t 9en

te la9 $res'ries a sin+le $nis*ent f!r vari!s !ffenses(


22/44


02 Te rle en!inin+ te 'ar+in+ !f t9! !r *!re !ffenses in an

inf!r*ati!n as f!r its ai* t! +ive te %efen%ant te ne'essar)

>n!9le%+e !f te 'ar+e t! enale i* t! $re$are is %efense( Te

State s!l% n!t ea$ $!n te %efen%ant t9! !r *!re 'ar+es 9i'

*i+t '!nfse i* in is %efense(


23/44


'ite% rle ein+ t!! ele*entar) 9as 'learl) %esi+ne% t! '!nfse an%

arass i*(

0 F!r te f!re+!in+ reas!n, 9e res$e'tfll) s*it tat te assaile%

inf!r*ati!n in te $resent 'ase 9i' 'ar+es te erein a''se% 9it

*lti$le *r%er an% *lti$le frstrate% *r%er is a $atent nllit) tat

'ann!t '!nfer ris%i'ti!n an% at!rit) $!n te $resi%in+ %+e t!

isse a vali% 9arrant !f arrest(

The certification in the 8$mendednformation% is defective, in violationof the requirements under (ection :,"ule !!*.00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000

0

06 Se'ti!n 1 !f Rle 55/ !f te Rles !f Cri*inal Pr!'e%re $r!vi%es"

Se'ti!n 1( Resolution of investi(atin( prosecutor an'its revie.. If te investi+atin+ $r!se't!r fin%s 'ase t!!l% res$!n%ent f!r trial, e sall $re$are te res!lti!n an%inf!r*ati!n( H! hall c!rti


24/44



25/44


e'ase e '!l% n!t ave *a%e s' a 'ertifi'ati!n t! '!*$l) 9it

te rle 9it!t ren%erin+ i*self liale f!r $err)(

72(5 Pr!se't!r D!l!r %i% n!t $ers!nall) e@a*ine te '!*$lainants,

$!li'e !ffi'ers, an% teir 9itnesses, es$e'iall) in'ent Silva 9!

na*e% an% i%entifie% te J!n D!es in te !ri+inal inf!r*ati!n( As

!rne !t ) te re'!r%s, Pr!se't!r D!l!r never s**!ne% !r

reire% te* t! a$$ear ef!re i*, *' less el% !r set a

earin+ f!r $reli*inar) investi+ati!n 9it res$e't t! te a%%iti!nal

45 a''se%, in'l%in+ a''se%-*!vant Att)( Sala%er!( He *erel)

t!!> as +!s$el trt te entire testi*!n) !f in'ent Silva, 9it!t

%eter*inin+ its vera'it), *' less its a%*issiilit), an% is

're%iilit) as a 9itness(

72(/ Neiter 9as a''se%-*!vant Att)( Sala%er! fll) inf!r*e% !f te

'!*$laint an% !f te evi%en'e s*itte% a+ainst i*( He never

re'eive% a s$!ena !r an) n!ti'e 9ats!ever fr!* te

investi+atin+ $r!se't!r relative t! tis 'ase(

72(2 As a''se%-*!vant Att)( Sala%er! 9as n!t inf!r*e% !f te

'!*$laint a+ainst i* at te *ini**, '!nseentl), e 9as

%e$rive% !f an) !$$!rtnit) t! s*it '!ntr!vertin+ evi%en'e(

Th! am!n.!. in


26/44


71 Se'ti!n 51, Rle 553 !f te Revise% Rles !f Cri*inal Pr!'e%re

$r!vi%es, t! 9it"

8(EC.!:. Amen'ment or substitution.! A '!*$laint!r inf!r*ati!n *a) e a*en%e%, in f!r* !r in sstan'e,9it!t leave !f '!rt, at an) ti*e ef!re te a''se% entersis $lea( After te $lea an% %rin+ te trial, a f!r*ala*en%*ent *a) !nl) e *a%e 9it leave !f '!rt an% 9enit 'an e %!ne 9it!t 'asin+ $re%i'e t! te ri+ts !f tea''se%(

H!9ever, an) a*en%*ent ef!re $lea, 9i'%!9n+ra%es te natre !f te !ffense 'ar+e% in !r e@'l%esan) a''se% fr!* te '!*$laint !r inf!r*ati!n, 'an e *a%e

!nl) $!n *!ti!n ) te $r!se't!r, 9it n!ti'e t! te!ffen%e% $art) an% 9it leave !f '!rt( Te '!rt sall stateits reas!n in res!lvin+ te *!ti!n an% '!$ies !f its !r%ersall e frnise% all $arties, es$e'iall) te !ffen%e% $art)(

70 A 'arefl s'rtin) !f te a!ve-'ite% $r!visi!n n! %!t all!9s te

a*en%*ent !f inf!r*ati!n, in f!r* !r in sstan'e at an) ti*e ef!re

te a''se% enters is $lea an% even 9it!t leave !f '!rt( H!9ever,

te se'!n% $ara+ra$ tere!f $r!vi%es te e@'e$ti!n, 9i' is,

a*en%*ent *a) !nl) e *a%e ef!re $lea $!n *!ti!n !f te

$r!se't!r, 9it n!ti'e t! te !ffen%e% $art) an% 9it leave !f '!rt

9en te a*en%*ent %!9n+ra%es te natre !f te !ffense 'ar+e%

!r e@'l%es an) a''se% fr!* te inf!r*ati!n( In tis 'ase,

a*en%*ent *st e 9it leave !f '!rt, *eanin+ tat te *!ti!n *st

e set f!r earin+, an% te !ffen%e% $art) *st e n!tifie% tere!f(

77 B) $arit) !f reas!nin+, te se'!n% $ara+ra$ s!l% li>e9ise a$$l)

9ere te a*en%*ent see>s t! in'l%e an a''se% n!t in'l%e% at all

in te !ri+inal inf!r*ati!n, s' as in te instant 'ase( If e@'lsi!n !f

an a''se% fr!* an inf!r*ati!n reires n!ti'e t! te !ffen%e% $art),

9it *!re reas!n s!l% s' n!ti'e e +iven t! te $ers!n s!+t t!

e in'l%e% as a''se% in an a*en%e% inf!r*ati!n, s! tat e '!l%

26


27/44


a%eatel) $re$are f!r 9atever le+al re*e%ies e 'an avail !f n%er

e@istin+ la9s( An% s' n!ti'e 9ill !nl) e effe'tive if te *!ti!n t!

a%*it a*en%e% inf!r*ati!n is set f!r earin+(

74 In te instant 'ase, Att)( Sala%er! 9as n!t n!tifie% at all !f te sai%

a*en%*ent, as te *!ti!n !f te $r!se't!r 9as n!t set f!r earin+(

An% te %+e $erfn't!ril) +rante% te *!ti!n 9it!t a earin+,

9i' s!l% ave een '!n%'te%, in vi!lati!n !f is ri+t t! %e

$r!'ess(

7 In te 'ase !f$lmeda v. 1illalu-,5/it 9as el%, t! 9it"

Te $r!'e%re ta>en ) te res$!n%ent fis'al an%all!9e% ) te res$!n%ent %+e in te a*en%*ent !f teinf!r*ati!n %!es n!t, !9ever, *erit !r a$$r!ati!n( Un%erse'ti!n / !f Rle 50 !f te Rles !f C!rt, all *!ti!ns sall

e *a%e in 9ritin+ e@'e$t *!ti!ns f!r '!ntinan'e *a%e inte $resen'e !f te a%verse $art), !r t!se *a%e in te'!rse !f a earin+ !r trial( A *!ti!n t! a*en% teinf!r*ati!n, after te a''se% as $lea%e% teret!, is'ertainl) !ne tat s!l% e $la'e% in 9ritin+ an% $r!$erl)set f!r earin+( e are l!at t! +ive !r i*$ri*atr t! te>in% !f s!rt't %evise% ) te res$!n%ents, es$e'iall) as itrelates t! an alterati!n in te inf!r*ati!n( C!nsi%erin+,!9ever, tat te $etiti!ner 9as n!t %e$rive% !f is %a) in'!rt an% 9as in fa't +iven a%van'e 9arnin+ !f te $r!$!se%a*en%*ent, alt!+ !rall), 9e refrain fr!* %istrin+ te

sai% a*en%*ent(5

76 An% in9e $sis v. "omero,52te S$re*e C!rt el%"

Te $etiti!ner, !9ever, stresses tat it is teintenti!n !f te res$!n%ent fis'al t! a*en% te !ri+inalinf!r*ati!n in '!nne'ti!n 9it 9i' te esti!ne% 9arrant!f arrest 9as isse%( Bt, even if tis intenti!n !f te fis'al is'!n'e%e%, it is n!t '!ntr!verte% tat e file% in te '!rt a

;uo, as te Rles !f C!rt reire, a *!ti!n t! effe'tate tea*en%*ent %esire% e $resent, !ral testi*!n) an% !terevi%en'e 9ill e a%%( Natrall), tere 9ill e a earin+ !ntis *!ti!n, an% in te '!rse !f s' $r!'ee%in+, in 9i'te $etiti!ner De Asis 9ill 'e% '!n'ernin+ te fa't !f %eat

12 77 SCRA 213 15 SCRA /20

27


28/44


an% i%entit) !f te alle+e% >i%na$$e% vi'ti* an% !ter relate%'ir'*stan'es( Te earin+ !n te sai% *!ti!n, in !r!$ini!n, serves an% flfills te essential $r$!se an%reire*ents !f a fll-l!9n $reli*inar) investi+ati!n f!r tealle+e% 'ri*e !f *r%er inten%e% t! e a%%e% t! te !ri+inal

asi' 'ar+e !f >i%na$$in+ as an ine@tri'ale $art tere!f(Ts, if te '!rt a ! fin%s an% is '!nvin'e% at te earin+!n te *!ti!n t! a*en% te inf!r*ati!n, tat tere is $ri*afa'ie evi%en'e !f *r%er in%is$ensal) '!nne'te% 9it tealle+e% >i%na$$in+, ten it is t natral, na), l!+i'al, t!e@$e't tat it 9ill +rant te sai% *!ti!n( In s' event, it is'learl) 9isfl tin>in+ an% an navailin+ te'ni'alit) t!reire te '!rt a ! t! !r%er te release !f te $etiti!nerDe Asis an% ten

$reli*inar) investi+ati!n *st e a% first ef!re te fis'al '!l%

$r!$erl) file a *!ti!n t! a*en% te inf!r*ati!n( Bt even 9it!t s'

$reli*inar) investi+ati!n, if te *!ti!n 9as set f!r earin+, te earin+

9ill serve an% flfill te essential $r$!se an% reire*ents !f a fll-

l!9n $reli*inar) investi+ati!n( Bt in te instant 'ase, neiter

$reli*inar) investi+ati!n n!r earin+ !n te *!ti!n t! a*en% 9as

'!n%'te%, in vi!lati!n !f Att)( Sala%er!?s ri+t t! %e $r!'ess(

Clearl), teref!re, te a*en%e% inf!r*ati!n is a $atent nllit) an%

'!l% n!t serve as vali% asis f!r te issan'e !f te 9arrant !f arrest(

The +residing #udge erred inordering motu propio the revival ofthe archived case without any motionto that effect filed by the prosecutor.

45 In an !r%er %ate% #a) 4, /334, te Presi%in+ J%+e *!t $r!$i!

!r%ere% tat te instant 'ase e ar'ive% 9it!t $re%i'e t! its

sseent $r!se'ti!n as s!!n as te a''se% is a$$reen%e%(

28


29/44


4/ On Se$te*er /6, /33, *!re tan !ne )ear an% f!r *!nts after te

'ase 9as ar'ive%, an!ter $r!se't!r, $r!se't!r H*ilit! A( D!l!r,

9it te a$$r!val !f Pr!vin'ial Pr!se't!r J!se$ine C( Caran:!-

Olivar file% an a*en%e% inf!r*ati!n tat n!9 in'l%es in a%%iti!n t!

Rst!* Si*lan te na*e Re*e+i! Sala%er! a>a ;a Patri'> an%

sevent) !ters 9it '!rres$!n%in+ aliases(

42 Drin+ te s'e%le% arrai+n*ent !n O't!er /4, /33, $r!se't!r

D!l!r a%*itte% in !$en '!rt, a*!n+ !ters, tat n! *!ti!n t! revive

te af!resai% ar'ive% 'ase 9as file% in '!rt( H!9ever, %es$ite te

fa't tat tere 9as n! *!ti!n file% t! revive te 'ase, te Presi%in+

J%+e revise% te 'ase ) a%*ittin+ te e@ $arte a*en%e%

inf!r*ati!n file% ) te $li' $r!se't!r(

41 #!re!ver, $ersin+ fr!* te !r%er !f te Presi%in+ J%+e %ate% #a) 4,

/334, it is e@$li'itl) state% tat te 'ase e ar'ive% 9it!t $re%i'e

t! its sseent $r!se'ti!n as s!!n as te a''se% is

a$$reen%e%( Fr!* tis e@$li'it state*ent, it is a$$arent tat te

a''se% ein+ referre% terein 9as n! !ter tan Rst!* Si*lan

inas*' as all te !ter a''se% ave n!t )et een sffi'ientl)

i%entifie% ) $r!se'ti!n 9itnesses in te sai% !ri+inal inf!r*ati!n(

40 Te *!ti!n t! a%*it a*en%e% inf!r*ati!n file% ) te $r!se't!r is n!t

a>in t! a *!ti!n t! revive te 'ase as tere 9as n! alle+ati!n !r $ra)er

in te sa% *!ti!n $ra)in+ f!r te revival !f te ar'ive% 'ase( #!re

i*$!rtantl), tere is )et n! reas!n t! revive te 'ase %e t! te fa't

tat te a''se% na*e% terein, i(e( Rst!* Si*lan, as n!t )et

een arreste%(

29


30/44


47 It is 9ell t! stress tat a *!ti!n t! revive an ar'ive% 'ase is a liti+ate%

*!ti!n 9i', n%er te rles, *st e set f!r earin+ s! tat te

'!n'erne% $arties es$e'iall) te a''se% 9ill e +iven te !$$!rtnit)

t! $resent is si%e an% !$$!se te sai% *!ti!n(

44 Te Presi%in+ J%+e teref!re erre% latantl) in revivin+ te 'ase an%

in a%*ittin+ te a*en%e% inf!r*ati!n 9it!t ta>in+ int!

'!nsi%erati!n te rles as 9ell as te ri+t !f te a''se% t! %e

$r!'ess(

$mong the accused named in the8$mended nformation% is8"E;E24 ($$9E"4,% whereasthe person arrested is $TT


31/44


3 In fa't, te C!**it*ent Or%er isse% ) E@e'tive J%+e #anel C(

Lna, Jr( !n O't!er /1, /33 states tat te a''se% arreste% is

RE#IGIO SALADERO, JR( ) DA#ANDA#AN(

5 Te !vi!s %ifferen'e et9een RE#EGIO SALADERO !f L!s

Ba!s, La+na an% RE#IGIO SALADERO, JR( ) DA#ANDA#AN !f

556 Cir'*ferential R!a%, San Isi%r!, Anti$!l! Cit), n%!te%l)

ren%ers te in%i't*ent a+ainst a''se% Att)( Re*i+i! D( Sala%er!, Jr(,

as fatall) %efe'tive an% se't t! !tri+t %is*issal es$e'iall)

'!nsi%erin+ tat e as nne'essaril) sffere% a %e$rivati!n !f is

liert) e'ase !f tis ine@'sale ln%er !f te $r!se'ti!n(

Th! :arrant "< arr!t i 8"i. a= initi"a th! H"n"ra=l! Pr!i.in9 @;.9! .i.n"t ma! a p!r"nal .!t!rminati"n "he e*tent of the =u'(e6s e*amination'epen's on the e*ercise of his soun' 'iscretion as thecircumstances of the case re;uire. 7n the case at bench, therespon'ent ha' before him to 'ifferent informations an'resolutions char(in( to 'ifferent sets of suspects. 7n theface of these conflictin( resolutions, it behooves him not tota-e the certification of the investi(atin( prosecutor at facevalue. >he circumstances thus re;uire that respon'ent loo-

beon' the bare certification of the investi(atin( prosecutoran' e*amine the 'ocuments supportin( the prosecutor6s'etermination of probable cause. >he inor'inate haste thatatten'e' the issuance of the arrant of arrest an'respon'ent6s on a'mission are circumstances that ten' tobelie an pretense of the fulfillment of this 'ut.

Clearl, respon'ent =u'(e, b merel statin( that heha' no reason to 'oubt the vali'it of the certification ma'eb the investi(atin( prosecutor has ab'icate' his 'ut un'erthe Constitution to 'etermine on his on the issue of

probable cause before issuin( a arrant of arrest.Conse;uentl, the arrant of arrest shoul' be 'eclare' nullan' voi'.01un'erscorin( supplie'2

4 Ha% te H!n!rale Presi%in+ %+e +!ne !ver te re'!r%s !f te 'ase

as reire% ) la9 an% te rles, e 9!l% ave i**e%iatel) n!ti'e%

te +larin+ irre+larities in te 'ertifi'ati!n !f te $r!se't!r, te

asr%ities in te affi%avits !f te 9itnesses an% te tter la'> !f asis

in te in'lsi!n !f te na*e !f erein a''se%-*!vant in te a*en%e%

inf!r*ati!n( N!t a s'intilla !f evi%en'e 'an e f!n% in te %!'*ents

33


34/44


atta'e% t! te a*en%e% inf!r*ati!n as 9!l% ave '!nvin'e an

niase% *in% tat reas!nale +r!n%s e@ist t! stif) te issan'e !f

9arrant !f arrest a+ainst erein a''se%(

Te Presi%in+ %+e, a% e *a%e a s'rtin) !f te re'!r%s, 9!l%

ave i**e%iatel) n!ti'e% tat te 'ertifi'ati!n itself !f te $r!se't!r

alrea%) ar!ses ss$i'i!n tat tere is s!*etin+ 9r!n+, f!r it %!es

n!t state 9eter te '!*$lainants an% is 9itnesses a$$eare% ef!re

i* !r 9eter te res$!n%ents 9ere +iven an !$$!rtnit) t! $resent

'!nter-affi%avits( He 9!l% ave li>e9ise n!te% tat te !nl) asis !f

te $r!se't!r in filin+ te a*en%e% inf!r*ati!n, 9it!t a *!ti!n t!

revive at tat, 9as te affi%avit !f a 'ertain Silva 9! even %i% n!t

a$$ear $ers!nall) ef!re te $r!se't!r(

6 Unf!rtnatel), te Presi%in+ %+e t!!> te 9!r% !f te $li'

$r!se't!r !!>, line an% sin>er, s! t! s$ea>, tat $r!ale 'ase

e@ists an% i**e%iatel) isse% te 9arrant !f arrest(Accuse' therefore

ma not be faulte' if he entertains in his min' that the min' that issue'

the arrant of arrest a(ainst him ma not be ?unbiase'@ after all.

II

THE HONORABLE 1U/GE SHOUL/ HA7E/IS)ISSE/ THE CASE OUTRIGHT FOR THERE ISABSOLUTEL NO E7I/ENCE TO ESTABLISHPROBABLE CAUSE AGAINST ACCUSE/ ATT#RE)EGIO SALA/ERO 1R#

63 In te lan%*ar> 'ase !f Alla'o vs Dio-no,51 te H!n!rale S$re*e

C!rt a% !''asi!n t! e*$asi:e te '!n'e$t an% i*$li'ati!n !f

14/2/ SCRA 562


35/44


$r!ale 'ase, te e@isten'e !f 9i' is ne'essar) f!r te $r!se't!r

t! ave an a''se% el% f!r trial an% f!r a trial %+e t! isse a 9arrant

f!r is arrest(

65 In te sai% 'ase, $etiti!ners Di!s%a%! J!se Alla%! an% R!ert! L(

#en%!:a are !t la9)ers an% $artners !f te La9 Fir* !f Sal!n+a,

Hernan%e: an% Alla%!( In te $ra'ti'e !f teir $r!fessi!n, an% !n te

asis !f an alle+e% e@tra%i'ial '!nfessi!n !f a se'rit) +ar%, te)

9ere a''se% !f te ein!s 'ri*e !f >i%na$$in+ 9it *r%er an%

!r%ere% arreste% 9it!t ail ) te res$!n%ent %+e in te sai% 'ase(

6/ In settin+ asi%e te 9arrant !f arrest an% in en!inin+ te res$!n%ent

%+e fr!* $r!'ee%in+ an) frter a+ainst terein $etiti!ners Alla%!

an% #en%!:a, te H!n!rale S$re*e C!rt el% as f!ll!9s"

Q @ @ @Pilapil 8# San.i9an=ayan /4 sets a stan%ar% f!r

%eter*inin+ te e@isten'e !f $r!ale 'ase( ile ita$$ears in tat 'ase tat 9e ave +rante% te $r!se't!ran% te trial %+e see*in+l) nli*ite% latit%e in%eter*inin+ te e@isten'e !r asen'e !f $r!ale 'ase )affir*in+ te l!n+-stan%in+ $r!'e%re tat te) 'an aseteir fin%in+s *erel) !n teir $ers!nal !$ini!n an%reas!nale elief, )et, thi p!rmii8!n! h";l. n"t =!

int!rpr!t!. a 9i8in9 th!m ar=itrary p":!r an. l!ttin9th!m l""! in th! .!t!rminati"n "< th! !*it!nc! " 9as a $er$etrat!r !r $arti'i$ant in

te alle+e% rnin+ !f te Gl!e t!9er !r in te alle+e% a*s !f te

PNP s!l%iers( In fa't, 9it te e@'e$ti!n !f Si*lan, a 'ertain #i+el

#a+ata, a 'ertain Jai*e Pa%illa, a 'ertain E%*ar Fernan%e: an%

i*self Silva %i% n!t sa) tat te si@t)-seven !ters 9ere $er$etrat!rs

!r $arti'i$ants in te t9! 'ri*es( He 9as e@$li'it in is state*ent tat

tese si@t) seven n!9le%+e !r >ne9 !f tese

in'i%ents(


39/44


!ters in te t9! in'i%ents( He 9as silent !n te si@t)-seven s t! $r!ve tat te rest !f te sevent)-t9!

a''se% !ter tan te *!re tan fifteen eavil) ar*e% *en 9ere

eiter l!!>-!ts, !n-l!!>ers !r >iit:ers %rin+ te a*s(

The extra07udicial confession=admission of prosecution witness1incent >. (ilva is inadmissible inevidence under the res inter aliosacta rule embodied in "ule !)5,(ection *& of the "ules of Court.

000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000

530 Se'ti!n /, Rle 523 !f te Rles !f C!rt ensrines in !r le+al

s)ste* te %!'trine !f res inter alios acta alteri nocere non 'ebet

9i' !r%ains tat te ri+ts !f a $art) 'ann!t e $re%i'e% ) an a't,

%e'larati!n !r !*issi!n !f an!ter, an% tat, teref!re, an e@tra%i'ial

'!nfessi!n !r a%*issi!n is in%in+ !nl) $!n te '!nfessant an% is n!t

a%*issile a+ainst !ters56(

19 See +eople v. ?untag, 1/4 SCRA 563


40/44


537 In te 'ase !f +eople v. Tena*5,te H!n!rale S$re*e C!rt sai%"

N!t ne@$e'te%l), teref!re, it is tis e@tra%i'ial'!nfessi!n !n 9i' S!lita Sena 'enters is atta'> in te$resent a$$ellate $r!'ee%in+s, assi+nin+ as err!rs !n te

$art !f te l!9er '!rt te a%*issi!n in evi%en'e !f tee@tra%i'ial '!nfessi!n !f A%elert! Ca*!ta an% is'!nvi'ti!n !n te s!le asis tere!f(

Bt as is *a%e 'lear ) te S!li'it!r General in is#anifestati!n in Lie !f A$$ellee?s Brief, te *atter !f tat'!nfessi!n?s '!*$eten') nee% n!t e %elve% int! as teisse !f a''se%-a$$ellant?s +ilt !r inn!'en'e *a) eres!lve% ) a$$li'ati!n !f te %!'trine res inter alios actaalteri nocere non 'ebet( A'tall), te isse is n!t s! *'te a%*issiilit) in evi%en'e !f te e@tra%i'ial '!nfessi!n,

t rater, even '!n'e%in+ its a%*issiilit), its se a+ainst$ers!ns !ter tan te '!nfessant, e(+(, erein a''se%-a$$ellant(

Use !f Ca*!ta?s e@tra%i'ial '!nfessi!n is $re'l%e%) Se'ti!n /0


41/44


6( T - Nasai *! na an+ *+a ta!n+ it! an+ *a) >inala*an sa$a+sn!+ sa Gl!e T!9er sa Br+)( San Isi%r!, Pt!(Galera, sa $a$aan!n+ $araan na*an nila sinn!+ an+nasain+ t!9er

S . Bin;h;an p" namin n9 9a"lina pai"t an9 t":!r

pa9atap" p" ay inin.ihan#

@ @ @ @

51( T . Sa $a$aan!n+ $araan na*an isina+a9a n+ +r$! ninaJai*e Pa%illa at Rst!* Si*lan an+ $a+-a*s sa+r$! n+ *+a R#G

S . Na+a!n $! sina #IGUEL #AGBATA K ;A A#AN atRUSTO# SI#BULAN K ;A BOBB8 n+ lan%*ine at$a+ta$at $! n+ sasa>)an nila na D*$ tr'> a)s*a!+ at $a+>ata$!s $! n!!n a) :alan9 h;mpay

na namin9 pinap;t;an an9 m9a p;li na sa>a)%!!n( A>! $! a) >asa*a sa *ain !%) ilan+Pan+ala9an+ $latn li%er ni ED#AR FERNANDEV K;A HO#ER( 13mphasis is ours.2

@ @ @ @

53 It is 'lear fr!* is s9!rn state*ent tat e 9as $art !f te alle+e%

'!ns$ira') t! assalt te $!li'e !ffi'ers in Br+)( San Isi%r!, Pert!

Galera, Oriental #in%!r! !n #ar' 2, /337 at a!t 4"33 P(#(

Ass*in+ ar(uen'o tat is alle+ati!ns 9ere tre, is e@tra-%i'ial

'!nfessi!n, !9ever, is a%*issile in evi%en'e !nl) as a+ainst i*self,

t n!t a+ainst is alle+e% '!-'!ns$irat!rs $rsant t! te 9ell-settle%

%!'trine !f res inter alios acta alteri nocere non 'ebet(

536 In +eople v. Tena/5 an% +eople v. Cui, et al.//, te Hi+ C!rt

e@$laine% te rati!nale f!r tis %!'trine !r rle, t! 9it"

@ @ @ Te reas!n f!r te rle is tat, !n a $rin'i$le !f+!!% fait an% *tal '!nvenien'e, a *an?s !9n a'ts arein%in+ $!n i*self, an% are evi%en'e a+ainst i*( S! areis '!n%'t an% %e'larati!ns( 8et, it 9!l% n!t !nl) e

ri+tl) in'!nvenient, t als! *anifestl) nst, tat a *ans!l% e !n% ) te a'ts !f *ere nat!ri:e% stran+ers,neiter !+t teir a'ts !r '!n%'t e se% as evi%en'ea+ainst i*(

21 S$ra(22 251 SCRA 577-57


42/44


553 ile te res inter alios actarle a%*its !f 'ertain e@'e$ti!ns, !ne !f

9i' is f!n% in Se'ti!n 23 !f Rle 523, s' e@'e$ti!n %!es n!t

a$$l) in te $resent 'ase( As frter el% in +eople v. Cui, et al/2."

Te res inter aliosas e@'e$ti!ns( Ts, Se'ti!n 23!f Rle 523 $r!vi%es"

Te a't !r %e'larati!n !f a '!ns$irat!r relatin+ t! te'!ns$ira') an% %rin+ its e@isten'e, *a) e +iven inevi%en'e a+ainst te '!-'!ns$irat!r after te '!ns$ira') iss!9n ) evi%en'e !ter tan s' a't !r %e'larati!n(

F!r tis $r!visi!n t! a$$l), te f!ll!9in+ reisites*st e satisfie%"

a( tat te '!ns$ira') e first $r!ve% ) evi%en'e!ter tan te a%*issi!n itself

( tat te a%*issi!n relates t! te '!**!n!e'ts an%

'( tat it as een *a%e 9ile te %e'larant 9asen+a+e% in 'arr)in+ !t te '!ns$ira')(

@ @ @

In te 'ase at ar, te alle+e% '!ns$ira') a*!n+ tea''se% 9as n!t $ri!rl) estalise% ) in%e$en%entevi%en'e( N!r 9as it s!9n tat te e@tra%i'ial state*ents!f Basin+an 9ere *a%e 9ile te) 9ere en+a+e% in 'arr)in+!t te '!ns$ira')( In trt, te state*ents 9ere *a%e afterte '!ns$ira') as en%e% an% after te '!ns**ati!n !f te'ri*e( Te) 9ere n!t a'ts !r %e'larati!ns *a%e %rin+ te'!ns$ira')?s e@isten'e( Sin'e te e@tra-%i'ial a%*issi!ns9ere *a%e after te s$$!se% '!ns$ira'), te) are in%in+

!nl) $!n te '!nfessant an% are n!t a%*issile a+ainst is'!-a''se%, as a+ainst te latter, te '!nfessi!n is earsa)(

555 Si*ilarl), in tis 'ase, tere is as!ltel) n! !ter evi%en'e,

in%e$en%ent !f te e@tra%i'ial '!nfessi!n !f $r!se'ti!n 9itness

Silva, t! estalis te alle+e% '!ns$ira') et9een i* an% all te

a''se% $r$!rte%l) t! a*s te $!li'e !ffi'ers(

23 S$ra(

42


43/44


55/ Ts, stri$$e% !f te ina%*issile e@tra%i'ial '!nfessi!na%*issi!n !f

9itness Silva, te entire re'!r%s are tterl) ereft !f an) !ter

evi%en'e tat 9!l% se$aratel) an% in%e$en%entl) estalis '!ns$ira')

et9een a''se% Att)( Sala%er!, all te !ter a''se% an% 9itness

Silva(

552 #!re!ver, 9ile te 'ri*es 9ere alle+e%l) '!**itte% !n #ar' 2,

/337, 'ri!sl), 9itness Silva e@e'te% is s9!rn state*ent !nl) !n

A+st 56, /33, 9en e an% te a''se% 9ere n! l!n+er en+a+e% in

te alle+e% '!ns$ira') an% after te '!ns**ati!n !f te 'ri*e( His

reas!n tat n(aon lan( po a-o nabi(an n( pa(-a-ataon na

ma-ababa at ma-apa(report sa a-in( han'ler is a la*e e@'se, f!r

e neiter +ave %etails 9en e alle+e%l) !ine% te NPA as a DPA

an% 9en e left te sa*e t! re$!rt t! is an%ler( Teref!re,

Pr!se't!r D!l!r s!l% n!t ave +iven an) 're%en'e t! Silva?s s9!rn

state*ent an% *a%e it te asis !f filin+ te A*en%e% Inf!r*ati!n,

an% a''!r%in+l), te H!n!rale Presi%in+ J%+e s!l% n!t ave

isse% te 9arrant !f arrest a+ainst a''se% Att)( Sala%er! )

$erfn't!ril) a%!$tin+ te fin%in+s !f Pr!se't!r D!l!r(

551 Fr!* te f!re+!in+, te e@tra%i'ial '!nfessi!na%*issi!n !f

$r!se'ti!n 9itness Silva %!es n!t alif) as an e@'e$ti!n t! te res

inter alios actarle, ren%erin+ is '!nfessi!n ina%*issile in evi%en'e(

550 It is 9!rt) !f n!te tat 9it!t te s9!rn state*ent !f 9itness Silva,

te $r!se'ti!n as as!ltel) n! 'ase at all a+ainst a''se%-*!vant

Att)( Sala%er! an% te !ter a%%iti!nal a''se%( Ts, te %eart !f

43


44/44


evi%en'e f!r te $r!se'ti!n !nl) stren+tens !r s*issi!n tat

$r!se'ti!n 9itness Silva fari'ate% is testi*!n) a+ainst a''se%-

*!vant Att)( Sala%er! an% te !ter a''se%( T! reiterate, 9itness

Silva 'lai*s t! e a %ee$ $enetrati!n a+ent !f te PNP( Hen'e, is

're%iilit) as a $r!se'ti!n 9itness is at !n'e $la'e% n%er a eav)

'l!% !f %!t, ren%erin+ is testi*!n) iase%, $!llte%, self-servin+

an% $atentl) fari'ate%( Natrall), is testi*!n) is fll !f iase% an%

false alle+ati!ns tat ree> !f *!tives t! %e*!ni:e, vilif) an% %e*!lis

te re$tati!n !f te *!ve*ent e an% is $rin'i$al ave een

$rsin+ f!r %e'a%es, in'l%in+ te re$tati!n an% te lives !f te

$e!$le 9! te) ima9in! t! e *e*ers !f te NPA, in'l%in+ a

$ra'ti'in+ la!r la9)er, a''se%-*!vant Re*i+i! Sala%er!, Jr(

PRAER

HEREFORE, PRE#ISES CONSIDERED, in te interest !f sti'e an%

t! $!l% te rle !f la9, a''se% Att)( Re*i+i! D( Sala%er!, Jr( res$e'tfll)

$ra)s tat te arrant !f Arrest %ate% O't!er 7, /33 isse% a+ainst i* BE

MUASHED RECALLED an% tat tis 'ase BE OUTRIGHL8 DIS#ISSED(

Oter f!r*s !f relief tat are st an% eitale n%er te $re*ises are

als! $ra)e% f!r(

#a>ati Cit) f!r Cala$an Cit)( 2 N!ve*er /33(

44

Documents

Final Motion to Quash and Dismiss Saladero