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MISSILE DETECTION BY ULTRASONIC
MEANS AND ACTIVATE THE DESTROYER
Under the Guidance of
Submitted by
Project Title
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This ultrasonic proximity detector comprising independent,
battery or
AC powered transmitter and receier sections ma!e use of a pair
of
matched ultrasonic pie"o ceramic transducers operating at around
#$ !%"
each&
This circuit is used in getting reflected signals of #$ '%" from
the object
(li!e a missile) to feed that to a program to the
microcontroller to switch
on appropriate load while the program is executed at the
microcontroller
end&
*hen the microcontroller receies the signal from ultrasonic
receier it
actiates the door gun by triggering the gate of +S-.T through
a
transistor&
A/ST0ACT
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P01.CT /2C' 34AG0A+
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%A03*A0. 0.5U40.+.6TS
P*.0 SUPP27 /2C'+4C0C6T022.0 (AT89S:;
0.S4ST0S
CAPAC4T0S
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POWER SUPPLY
230 V
AC 50Hz 5V
DC
12V step downtransformer
Filter(470f
5! "e#$lator%rid#e re&ti'er
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MICROCONTROLLER
It is a smaller computer
Has on-chip RM! ROM! I"O ports###
0A+ 0+
4
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INTERNL STRUCTURE O% MICRO CONTROLLER-
T&'S()"(*
CPU
n?chip
0A+
n?chip0+ for
program
code
# 4
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%eatures o+ T&'S(*"()
Compatible with +CS?:= Products
8' /ytes of 4n?System Programmable (4SP) -lash +emory
.nduranceB =$,$$$ *rite
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Pin ,escription
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U2T0AS64C T0A6S+4TT.0 A63 0.C4.0
Ultrasonic sensors (also !nown as
transceiers) wor! on a principle similar to
radar or sonar which ealuate attributes of
a target by interpreting the echoes from
radio or sound waes respectiely&Ultrasonic sensors generate
high
freEuency sound waes and ealuate the
echo which is receied bac! by the sensor&
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Ultrasonic generators use pie"oelectric materials such as "inc
or lead
"irconium tartrates or Euart" crystal&
The material thic!ness decides the resonant freEuency when
mounted and
excited by electrodes attached on either side of it&
The medical scanners used for abdomen or heart ultrasound are
designed at
;&: +%"& 4n this circuit, a #$ !%" transducer is used
for object detection in
the air medium.
-.ATU0.S
Use for motion or distance sensing
-reEuencyB #$!%" F=&$!%"
Aluminum case
CapacitanceB ;$$$Pf F;$
TransmitterB bandwidth :&$!%"
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)*F+, ,-e )*F+, (etal )/ide *emi&ond$&tor
Field +e&t ,ransistor is a Volta#e &ontrolled
de!i&e ,-is means t-at a !olta#e at t-e #ate &ontrol
t-e &$rrent ows from t-e drain to t-e so$r&e ,-ere are
t-ree terminals ate &onne&ted
to t-e inp$t de!i&e Drain &onne&ted to t-e positi!e6
sin&e
ele&trons drain awa to t-e positi!e *o$r&e t-e
so$r&e of t-e ele&trons
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Contd
8*+* )F )*F+,* Hi#- power de!i&es li9emotors and li#-t :$l:s
#i!e a lar#e &$rrento$tp$t for a !er tin &$rrent inp$t
*o a )*F+, &an a&t as t-e interfa&e
:etween an inte#rated &ir&$it t-at &an #i!eonl a tin
&$rrent6 and t-e motor t-atta9es a :i# &$rrent
;n &omplimentar pairs t-e are $sed in -i
' power ampli'ers ,-e prod$&e less distortion as t-e are
more linear t-an :ipolar transistors
;nte#rated &ir&$its6 as t-e &an :e made
!er &ompa&t
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/C:#> (6P6 HTransistor)
The /C:#> transistor is an 6P6 .pitaxial
Silicon Transistor&
4t is used in general?purpose switching and
amplification /C8#> series #: , =$$
mA 6P6 general?purpose transistors&
The ratio of two currents (4c
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The current gain from the emitter to the collector
terminal, 4c
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245U43 C07STA2 34SP2A7 (2C3)
+ost common 2C3s connected to the microcontrollers are
=Dx; and ;$x; displays&
This means =D characters per line by ; lines and ;$
characters per line by ; lines, respectiely&
The standard is referred to as %3##>8$U, which refers to
the controller chip which receies data from an external
source (and communicates directly with the 2C3&
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2C3 /AC'G0U63
4f an 8?bit data bus is used the 2C3 will reEuire == data
lines
(@ control lines plus the 8 lines for the data bus)
The three control lines are referred to as .6, 0S, and 0*
.6K.nable (used to tell the 2C3 that you are sending it
data)
0SK0egister Select (*hen 0S is low ($), data is treated as a
command)
(*hen 0S is %igh(=), data being sent is text data )
0
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So+tare Re.uirements
'eil an A0+ Company ma!es C compilers, macro assemblers,
real?time !ernels, debuggers, simulators, integrated
enironments, ealuation boards, and emulators for
A0+>
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i&e the programs written in one of the %22 li!e MCN will
compile the
code to run on the system for a particular processor li!e
x8D
(underlying microprocessor in the computer)&
-or example compilers for 3os platform is different from the
Compilers for Unix platform So if one wants to define a
compiler
then compiler is a program that translates source code into
object
code&
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/I/ILO0RPHY OThe 8$:= +icrocontroller and .mbedded systems
by +uhammad Ali +a"idi and 1anice Gillispie
+a"idi , Pearson .ducation&
AT+.2 89S:; 3ata Sheets&
www&atmel&com
www&beyondlogic&org
www&wi!ipedia&org
www&howstuffwor!s&com
www&alldatasheets&com
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THANKYOU
