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Cisco IOS

Configuration Fundamentals

Configuration GuideRelease 12.2

Customer Order Number: DOC-7811739=

Text Part Number: 78-11739-02

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THE SPECIFICATIONS AND INFORMATION REGARDING THE PRODUCTS IN THIS MANUAL ARE SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT

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Cisco IOS Configuration Fundamentals Configuration Guide

Copyright 20022006 Cisco Systems, Inc.

All rights reserved.

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C O N T E N T S

iii


About Cisco IOS Software Documentation xxi

Documentation Objectives xxi

Audience xxi

Documentation Organization xxi

Documentation Modules xxi

Master Indexes xxiv

Supporting Documents and Resources xxiv

New and Changed Information xxv

New Features in Cisco IOS Release 12.2 xxv

Identifying Platform Support for Cisco IOS Software Features xxvi

Using Feature Navigator xxvi

Using Software Release Notes xxvi

Document Conventions xxvii

Obtaining Documentation xxviii

World Wide Web xxviii

Documentation CD-ROM xxviii

Ordering Documentation xxix

Documentation Feedback xxix

Obtaining Technical Assistance xxix

Cisco.com xxix

Technical Assistance Center xxx

Using Cisco IOS Software xxxi

Understanding Command Modes xxxi

Getting Help xxxii

Example: How to Find Command Options xxxiii

Using the no and default Forms of Commands xxxv

Saving Configuration Changes xxxvi

Filtering Output from the show and more Commands xxxvi

Identifying Supported Platforms xxxvii

Using Feature Navigator xxxvii

Using Software Release Notes xxxvii

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Contents

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Configuration Fundamentals Overview FC-1

Organization of This Guide FC-1

Cisco IOS User Interfaces FC-1

File Management FC-2System Management FC-2

Task-Oriented Documentation Approaches FC-3

Overview of Router Configuration Tasks FC-3

Understanding the Cisco IOS Command-Line Interface FC-4

Storing or Obtaining Configuration Files or Images from a Server FC-4

Changing the Image or Configuration File Loaded by the Router FC-5

CISCO IOS USER INTERFACES

Using the Command-Line Interface FC-9

Cisco IOS CLI Command Modes Overview FC-9

User EXEC Mode FC-10

Privileged EXEC Mode FC-12

Global Configuration Mode FC-13

Interface Configuration Mode FC-14

Subinterface Configuration Mode FC-15

ROM Monitor Mode FC-16

Summary of Main Cisco IOS Command Modes FC-17

Cisco IOS CLI Task List FC-18

Getting Context-Sensitive Help FC-18

Displaying All User EXEC Commands FC-21

Using the no and default Forms of Commands FC-22

Using Command History FC-23

Setting the Command History Buffer Size FC-23

Recalling Commands FC-24

Disabling the Command History Feature FC-24

Using CLI Editing Features and Shortcuts FC-24

Moving the Cursor on the Command Line FC-25

Completing a Partial Command Name FC-25

Deleting Entries FC-26

Recalling Deleted Entries FC-26

Editing Command Lines that Wrap FC-27

Continuing Output at the --More-- Prompt FC-27

Redisplaying the Current Command Line FC-27

Transposing Mistyped Characters FC-28

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Controlling Capitalization FC-28

Designating a Keystroke as a Command Entry FC-28

Disabling and Reenabling Editing Features FC-28

Searching and Filtering CLI Output FC-29Understanding Regular Expressions FC-29

Using the Cisco IOS CLI Examples FC-35

Determining Command Syntax and Using Command History Example FC-35

Searching and Filtering CLI Output Examples FC-36

Using AutoInstall and Setup FC-39

Using AutoInstall FC-39

Understanding AutoInstall FC-40

AutoInstall Configuration Task List FC-50

Monitoring and Completing the AutoInstall Process FC-56

AutoInstall Configuration Examples FC-57

Using Setup FC-59

Using Setup After First-Time Startup FC-59

Using Streamlined Setup FC-66

Using Configuration Applications FC-67

Cisco ConfigMaker FC-67

Configuring Operating Characteristics for Terminals FC-69

Terminal Operating Characteristics Configuration Task List FC-69

Displaying Information About the Current Terminal Session FC-70

Setting Local Terminal Parameters FC-70

Saving Local Settings Between Sessions FC-71

Ending a Session FC-72

Changing Terminal Session Parameters FC-72

Defining the Escape Character and Other Key Sequences FC-72

Specifying Telnet Operation Characteristics FC-74

Configuring Data Transparency for File Transfers FC-76

Specifying an International Character Display FC-77

Setting Character Padding FC-78

Specifying the Terminal and Keyboard Type FC-79

Changing the Terminal Screen Length and Width FC-80

Enabling Pending Output Notifications FC-80

Creating Character and Packet Dispatch Sequences FC-81

Changing Flow Control for the Current Session FC-82

Enabling Session Locking FC-82

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Configuring Automatic Baud Rate Detection FC-83

Setting a Line as Insecure FC-83

Configuring Communication Parameters for Terminal Ports FC-83

Displaying Debug Messages on the Console and Terminals FC-84Recording the Serial Device Location FC-84

Changing the Retry Interval for a Terminal Port Queue FC-84

Configuring LPD Protocol Support on a Printer FC-85

Managing Connections, Menus, and System Banners FC-87

Managing Connections, Menus, and System Banners Task List FC-87

Managing Connections FC-88

Displaying Current Terminal Characteristics FC-88

Escaping Terminal Sessions and Switching to Other Connections FC-89

Assigning a Logical Name to a Connection FC-89

Changing a Login Name FC-90

Locking Access to a Terminal FC-91

Sending Messages to Other Terminals FC-91

Clearing TCP Connections FC-92

Exiting a Session Started from a Router FC-92

Logging Out of a Router FC-92

Disconnecting a Line FC-93

Configuring Terminal Messages FC-93

Configuring an Idle Terminal Message FC-93

Configuring a Line in Use Message FC-94

Configuring a Host Failed Message FC-94

Configuring Terminal Banners FC-94

Using Banner Tokens FC-95

Configuring a Message-of-the-Day Banner FC-95

Configuring a Login Banner FC-95

Configuring an EXEC Banner FC-96

Configuring an Incoming Banner FC-96

Configuring a SLIP-PPP Banner Message FC-97

Enabling or Disabling the Display of Banners FC-97

Creating Menus FC-99

Creating a Menu Task List FC-100

Specifying the Menu Title FC-100

Specifying the Menu Prompt FC-101

Specifying the Menu Item Text FC-102

Specifying the Underlying Command for the Menu Item FC-102

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Specifying the Default Command for the Menu FC-104

Creating a Submenu FC-104

Creating Hidden Menu Entries FC-105

Specifying Menu Display Configuration Options FC-106

Specifying per-Item Menu Options FC-107

Invoking the Menu FC-107

Deleting the Menu from the Configuration FC-108

Connection Management, System Banner, and User Menu Configuration Examples FC-108

Changing a Login Name Example FC-109

Sending Messages to Other Terminals Example FC-109

Clearing a TCP/IP Connection Example FC-110

Configuring Banners Example FC-111

Setting a SLIP-PPP Banner with Banner Tokens Example FC-111

Configuring a Menu Example FC-112

Using the Cisco Web Browser User Interface FC-113

Cisco Web Browser UI Task List FC-113

Enabling the Cisco Web Browser UI FC-114

Configuring Access to the Cisco Web Browser UI FC-114

Specifying the Method for User Authentication FC-114

Applying an Access List to the HTTP Server FC-115

Changing the HTTP Server Port Number FC-115

Accessing and Using the Cisco Web Browser UI FC-115

Accessing the Router Home Page FC-116

Issuing Commands Using the Cisco Web Browser UI FC-117

Customizing the Cisco Web Browser UI FC-119

Understanding SSIs FC-119

Customizing HTML Pages Using SSIs FC-121

Copying HTML Pages to Flash Memory FC-122

Displaying HTML Files Containing SSIs FC-122

Cisco Web Browser UI Customization Examples FC-123

Using the SSI EXEC Command Example FC-123

Using the SSI ECHO Command Example FC-124

FILE MANAGEMENT

Using the Cisco IOS File System FC-127

IFS Use and Management Task List FC-127

Understanding IFS FC-128

Displaying and Classifying Files FC-128

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Platform-Independent Commands FC-128

Minimal Prompting for Commands FC-128

Creating and Navigating Directories FC-128

Copying Files Using URLs FC-129Specifying Files on a Network Server FC-129

Specifying Local Files FC-129

Using URL Prefixes FC-130

Using URLs in Commands FC-132

Determining File Systems Supporting a Command FC-132

Using the Default File System FC-132

Using Tab Completion FC-133

Listing Files in a File System FC-133

Managing File Systems FC-133Listing Available File Systems FC-133

Setting the Default File System FC-134

Displaying the Current Default File System FC-134

Displaying Information About Files on a File System FC-134

Displaying a File FC-136

Flash Memory File System Types FC-136

Class A Flash File Systems FC-137

Class B Flash File Systems FC-139

Class C Flash File Systems FC-141

Remote File System Management FC-142

NVRAM File System Management FC-142

System File System Management FC-143

Managing Configuration Files FC-145

Understanding Configuration Files FC-145

Types of Configuration Files FC-145

Location of Configuration Files FC-146

Configuration File Management Task List FC-146

Displaying Configuration File Information FC-147

Entering Configuration Mode and Selecting a Configuration Source FC-147

Modifying the Configuration File at the CLI FC-147

Copying Configuration Files from the Router to a Network Server FC-149

Copying a Configuration File from the Router to a TFTP Server FC-149

Copying a Configuration File from the Router to an rcp Server FC-149

Copying a Configuration File from the Router to an FTP Server FC-151

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Copying Configuration Files from a Network Server to the Router FC-153

Copying a Configuration File from a TFTP Server to the Router FC-154

Copying a Configuration File from an rcp Server to the Router FC-154

Copying a Configuration File from an FTP Server to the Router FC-156

Maintaining Configuration Files Larger than NVRAM FC-158

Compressing the Configuration File FC-158

Storing the Configuration in Flash Memory on Class A Flash File Systems FC-159

Loading the Configuration Commands from the Network FC-160

Controlling the Parser Cache FC-161

Clearing the Parser Cache FC-161

Disabling the Parser Cache FC-161

Reenabling the Parser Cache FC-162

Monitoring the Parser FC-162

Copying Configuration Files Between Different Locations FC-163

Copying Configuration Files from Flash Memory to the Startup or Running Configuration FC-163

Copying Configuration Files Between Flash Memory File Systems FC-163

Copying a Configuration File from a Server to Flash Memory Devices FC-165

Reexecuting the Configuration Commands in the Startup Configuration File FC-166

Clearing Configuration Information FC-166

Clearing the Startup Configuration FC-166

Deleting a Specified Configuration File FC-167

Specifying the Startup Configuration File FC-167Specifying the CONFIG_FILE Environment Variable on Class A Flash File Systems FC-167

Configuring the Router to Download Configuration Files FC-169

Loading and Maintaining System Images FC-173

Understanding Images FC-173

Types of Images FC-173

Image Naming Conventions FC-174

General Output Conventions for Copy Operations FC-174

System Images Task List FC-175

Displaying System Image Information FC-175

Copying Images from Flash Memory to a Network Server FC-176

Copying an Image from Flash Memory to a TFTP Server FC-176

Copying an Image from Flash Memory to an rcp Server FC-177

Copying an Image from Flash Memory to an FTP Server FC-179

Copying Images from a Network Server to Flash Memory FC-181

Restrictions on Naming Files FC-182

Understanding Flash Memory Space Considerations FC-182

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Output for Image Downloading Process FC-183

Copying to Flash Memory for Run-from-Flash Systems FC-183

Copying an Image from a TFTP Server to a Flash Memory File System FC-184

Copying an Image from an rcp Server to a Flash Memory File System FC-186

Copying an Image from an FTP Server to a Flash Memory File System FC-188

Verifying the Image in Flash Memory FC-190

Copying Images Between Local Flash Memory Devices FC-190

Copying a File Between Local Flash Memory Devices Example FC-192

Specifying the Startup System Image in the Configuration File FC-193

Loading the System Image from Flash Memory FC-193

Loading the System Image from a Network Server FC-195

Loading the System Image from ROM FC-197

Using a Fault-Tolerant Booting Strategy FC-197

Recovering a System Image Using Xmodem or Ymodem FC-198

Xmodem Transfer Using the Cisco IOS Software Example FC-200

Xmodem Transfer Example Using the ROM Monitor FC-201

Loading and Displaying Microcode Images FC-202

Understanding Microcode Images FC-203

Specifying the Location of the Microcode Images FC-203

Reloading the Microcode Image FC-204

Displaying Microcode Image Information FC-204

Using Microcode on Specific Platforms FC-205

Maintaining System Memory FC-207

Understanding Memory Types and Functions FC-207

DRAM FC-207

EPROM FC-208

NVRAM FC-208

Flash Memory FC-208

Maintaining System Memory Task List FC-209

Displaying System Memory Information FC-210

Partitioning Flash Memory FC-210

Systems that Support Partitioning FC-210

Benefits of Partitioning Flash Memory FC-210

Flash Load Helper Versus Dual Flash Bank FC-211

Partitioning Flash Memory FC-211

Using Flash Load Helper to Upgrade Software on Run-from-Flash Systems FC-212

Flash Load Helper Features FC-212

Downloading Files Using the Flash Load Helper FC-213

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Formatting Flash Memory FC-214

Flash Memory Formatting Process FC-215

Recovering from Locked Blocks FC-215

Reallocating DRAM Memory for the Cisco 3600 Series FC-216Reallocate Processor Memory and I/O Memory Example FC-217

Using Memory Scan on the Cisco 7500 Series FC-218

Configuring and Verifying Memory Scan FC-218

Rebooting FC-221

Understanding Rebooting Procedures FC-221

Which Configuration File Does the Router Use upon Startup? FC-221

Which Image Does the Router Use upon Startup? FC-222

Rebooting Task List FC-225

Displaying Boot Information FC-225

Modifying the Configuration Register Boot Field FC-225

How the Router Uses the Boot Field FC-226

Hardware Versus Software Configuration Register Boot Fields FC-226

Modifying the Software Configuration Register Boot Field FC-226

Setting Environment Variables FC-228

BOOT Environment Variable FC-228

BOOTLDR Environment Variable FC-228

CONFIG_FILE Environment Variable FC-229

Controlling Environment Variables FC-229

Scheduling a Reload of the System Image FC-230

Configuring a Scheduled Reload FC-231

Display Information about a Scheduled Reload FC-231

Cancel a Scheduled Reload FC-232

Entering ROM Monitor Mode FC-232

Aliasing ROM Monitoring Commands FC-233

Manually Loading a System Image from ROM Monitor FC-233

Manually Booting from Flash Memory in ROMMON FC-234

Manually Booting from a Network File in ROMMON FC-235

Manually Booting from ROM in ROMMON FC-235

Manually Booting Using MOP in ROMMON FC-236

Exiting from ROMMON FC-236

Configuring Basic File Transfer Services FC-237

Basic File Transfer Services Configuration Task List FC-237

Configuring a Router as a TFTP or RARP Server FC-237

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Configuring a Router as a TFTP Server FC-238

Configuring a Router as a RARP Server FC-241

Configuring System BOOTP Parameters FC-243

Configuring a Router to Use rsh and rcp FC-243Specifying the Source Interface for Outgoing RCMD Communications FC-244

About DNS Reverse Lookup for rcmd FC-244

Enabling and Using rsh FC-245

Enabling and Using rcp FC-247

Configuring a Router to Use FTP Connections FC-249

SYSTEM MANAGEMENT

Performing Basic System Management FC-253

Basic System Management Task List FC-253

Configuring the System Name FC-254

Customizing the CLI Prompt FC-254

Creating and Displaying Command Aliases FC-254

Controlling Minor Services FC-255

Controlling the BOOTP Server FC-256

Controlling the Finger Protocol FC-256

Hiding Telnet Addresses FC-257

Setting Time and Calendar Services FC-257Understanding Time Sources FC-258

Configuring NTP FC-260

Configuring SNTP FC-267

Configuring VINES Time Service FC-267

Configuring Time and Date Manually FC-268

Using the Hardware Clock FC-269

Monitoring Time and Calendar Services FC-271

Configuring Time Ranges FC-271

Delaying EXEC Startup FC-272

Handling an Idle Telnet Connection FC-273

Setting the Interval for Load Data FC-273

Limiting the Number of TCP Transactions FC-273

Configuring Switching and Scheduling Priorities FC-274

Modifying the System Buffer Size FC-275

Basic System Management Examples FC-276

System Configuration File Example FC-276

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Clock, Calendar, and NTP Configuration Examples FC-276

Buffer Modification Examples FC-277

Troubleshooting and Fault Management FC-279

Troubleshooting and Fault Management Task List FC-279

Displaying System Information Using show Commands FC-280

Testing Network Connectivity FC-281

Configuring the TCP Keepalive Packet Service FC-281

Testing Connections with the ping Command FC-282

Tracing Packet Routes FC-282

Logging System Messages FC-282

Enabling System Message Logging FC-283

Enabling Message Logging for a Slave Card FC-283

Setting the Syslog Destination FC-283

Configuring Synchronization of Logging Messages FC-284

Enabling Time-Stamps on Log Messages FC-284

Limiting the Error Message Severity Level and Facilities FC-284

Defining the UNIX System Logging Facility FC-286

Displaying Logging Information FC-287

Logging Errors to a UNIX Syslog Daemon FC-287

Setting the Syslog Source Address FC-287

Using Field Diagnostics on Line Cards FC-288

Troubleshooting Specific Line Cards FC-289

Storing Line Card Crash Information FC-289

Creating Core Dumps for System Exceptions FC-289

Specifying the Destination for the Core Dump File FC-290

Creating an Exception Memory Core Dump FC-292

Enabling Debug Operations FC-293

Enabling Conditionally Triggered Debugging FC-294

Enabling Protocol-Specific debug Commands FC-295

Enabling Conditional Debugging Commands FC-296

Specifying Multiple Debugging Conditions FC-297

Conditionally Triggered Debugging Configuration Examples FC-297

Using the Environmental Monitor FC-299

Configuring SNMP Support FC-301

Understanding SNMP FC-301

SNMP Notifications FC-302

MIBs and RFCs FC-304

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SNMP Versions FC-305

SNMP Configuration Task List FC-306

Creating or Modifying an SNMP View Record FC-307

Creating or Modifying Access Control for an SNMP Community FC-307Specifying an SNMP-Server Engine Name (ID) FC-308

Specifying SNMP-Server Group Names FC-308

Configuring SNMP-Server Hosts FC-308

Configuring SNMP-Server Users FC-309

Enabling the SNMP Agent Shutdown Mechanism FC-309

Setting the Contact, Location, and Serial Number of the SNMP Agent FC-309

Defining the Maximum SNMP Agent Packet Size FC-309

Limiting the Number of TFTP Servers Used via SNMP FC-310

Monitoring and Troubleshooting SNMP Status FC-310

Disabling the SNMP Agent FC-310

Configuring SNMP Notifications FC-310

Configuring the Router as an SNMP Manager FC-313

SNMP Configuration Examples FC-314

New MIB Features in Cisco IOS Release 12.2 FC-315

Circuit Interface Identification MIB FC-315

Ethernet-like Interfaces MIB FC-315

Event MIB FC-316

Expression MIB Support for Delta, Wildcarding, and Aggregation FC-316

Interfaces Group MIB Enhancements FC-316

MIB Enhancements for Universal Gateways and Access Servers FC-317

MSDP MIB FC-319

NTP MIB FC-319

Response Time Monitor MIB FC-319

Configuring Cisco Discovery Protocol FC-321

Configuring the Cisco Discovery Protocol FC-321

CDP Configuration Task List FC-322

Setting the CDP Transmission Timer and Hold Time FC-323Reenabling CDP on a Local Router FC-323

Reenabling CDP Version-2 Advertisements FC-323

Reenabling CDP on an Interface FC-323

Monitoring and Maintaining CDP FC-324

CDP Configuration Examples FC-324

Example: Setting the CDP Transmission Timer and Hold Time FC-324

Example: Monitoring and Maintaining CDP FC-325

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Configuring RMON Support FC-327

Configuring RMON Support FC-327

Configuring RMON Alarm and Event Notifications FC-329

Configuring RMON Groups FC-329Monitoring and Verifying RMON Configuration FC-330

RMON Configuration Examples FC-331

Network Monitoring Using Cisco Service Assurance Agent FC-333

Understanding the Cisco SAA FC-333

New Features in Cisco IOS Release 12.2 FC-334

Cisco SAA Configuration Task List FC-334

Configuring SAA Operations FC-335

Configuring the Operation Type FC-336

Configuring SAA Operation Characteristics FC-338

Scheduling the Operation FC-343

Enabling the SAA Responder on Operational Targets FC-344

Configuring SAA Control Message Authentication FC-344

Resetting the SAA FC-345

Restarting a Stopped Operation FC-345

Displaying SAA Status and SAA Operational Results FC-345

Changing the Memory Threshold for the SAA FC-346

Configuring Specific Operations FC-347

Configuring SAA Operations Using SNMP FC-351Accessing SAA Data Using SNMP FC-352

Enabling SAA SNMP Notifications FC-352

SAA Configuration Using the CLI Examples FC-353

SNA Echo Example FC-353

IP/ICMP Path Echo Example FC-355

TcpConnect Example FC-356

SAA Control Protocol Authentication Example FC-357

Jitter Operation Example FC-358

HTTP GET Operation Example FC-359HTTP RAW Operation Using RAW Submode Example FC-360

HTTP RAW Operation Through a Proxy Server Example FC-360

FTP Operation Example FC-361

DNS Operation Example FC-361

DLSw Operation Example FC-362

DHCP Operation Example FC-363

Connection Loss Trigger Example FC-363

SAA Configuration Using SNMP Examples FC-364

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Creating an Echo Operation Example FC-364

Creating a Path Echo Operation Example FC-364

Creating a UDP Operation Example FC-365

Creating a TCP Operation Example FC-365

Creating a Jitter Operation Example FC-365

Creating an HTTP Get Operation Example FC-365

Creating an HTTP RAW Operation Example FC-366

Creating a DNS Operation Example FC-366

Creating a DLSw Operation Example FC-366

Creating a DHCP Operation Example FC-366

Creating an FTP Operation Example FC-366

SAA Command List FC-367

Configuring Web Cache Services Using WCCP FC-369

Understanding WCCP FC-369

Understanding WCCPv1 Configuration FC-370

Understanding WCCPv2 Configuration FC-371

WCCPv2 Features FC-372

Support for Services Other than HTTP FC-372

Support for Multiple Routers FC-373

MD5 Security FC-373

Web Cache Packet Return FC-373

Load Distribution FC-373

Restrictions for WCCPv2 FC-374

Configuring WCCP FC-374

Specifying a Version of WCCP FC-374

Configuring a Service Group Using WCCPv2 FC-375

Excluding Traffic on a Specific Interface from Redirection FC-376

Registering a Router to a Multicast Address FC-376

Using Access Lists for a WCCP Service Group FC-377

Setting a Password for a Router and Cache Engines FC-377

Verifying and Monitoring WCCP Configuration Settings FC-378

WCCP Configuration Examples FC-378

Changing the Version of WCCP on a Router Example FC-379

Performing a General WCCPv2 Configuration Example FC-379

Running a Web Cache Service Example FC-379

Running a Reverse Proxy Service Example FC-380

Registering a Router to a Multicast Address Example FC-380

Using Access Lists Example FC-380

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Setting a Password for a Router and Cache Engines Example FC-381

Verifying WCCP Settings Example FC-381

APPENDIXES

Cisco IOS Command Modes FC-385

Base Command Modes FC-385

User EXEC Mode FC-385

Privileged EXEC Mode FC-386

Global Configuration Mode FC-386

ROM Monitor Mode FC-386

Setup Mode FC-386

Configuration Modes and Submodes FC-386

AAA Preauthentication Configuration Mode FC-387

Access List Configuration Mode FC-387

Access-point Configuration Mode FC-387

Access-point List Configuration Mode FC-388

Address Family Configuration Mode FC-388

ALPS Circuit Configuration Mode FC-388

ALPS ASCU Configuration Mode FC-388

Annex G Configuration Mode FC-389

APPN Configuration Modes FC-389

ATM VC Configuration Mode FC-389ATM VC Bundle Configuration Mode FC-389

ATM VC Bundle-Member Configuration Mode FC-390

ATM VC CES Configuration Mode FC-390

ATM VC Class Configuration Mode FC-390

ATM-FR VC Group Configuration Mode FC-390

ATM PVC Range Configuration Mode FC-391

ATM PVC-in-range Configuration Mode FC-391

CA Identity Configuration Mode FC-391

CA Trusted-Root Configuration Mode FC-391

Call Discriminator Configuration Mode FC-391

Called-Group Configuration Mode FC-392

CASA Configuration Mode FC-392

CAS Custom Configuration Mode FC-392

CES Configuration Mode FC-392

Certificate Chain Configuration Mode FC-392

Class Map Configuration Mode FC-393

Controller Configuration Mode FC-393

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Crypto Map Configuration Mode FC-393

Crypto Transform Configuration Mode FC-393

Customer Profile Configuration Mode FC-393

DHCP Pool Configuration Mode FC-393

Dial Peer Voice Configuration Mode FC-394

Dial Peer COR List Configuration Mode FC-394

Dialer DNIS Group Configuration Mode FC-394

DLUR Configuration Mode FC-394

DNIS Group Configuration Mode FC-394

Extended Named Access List (NACL) Configuration Mode FC-394

Frame Relay DLCI Configuration Mode FC-395

Frame Relay Congestion Management Configuration Mode FC-395

FRF.5 / FRF.8 Configuration Mode FC-395

Gatekeeper Configuration Mode FC-395

Gateway Configuration Mode FC-396

Hex Input Mode FC-396

HTTP Raw Request Configuration Mode FC-396

Hub Configuration Mode FC-396

IBM Channel Configuration Mode FC-396

IBM Channel Internal Adapter Configuration Mode FC-396

IBM Channel Internal LAN Interface Configuration Mode FC-397

Interface Configuration Mode FC-397

IP Host Backup Configuration Mode FC-398

IPv6 Access List Configuration Mode FC-398

IP VPN Routing/Forwarding (VRF) Instance Configuration Mode FC-399

IPX Router Configuration Mode FC-399

ISAKMP Policy Configuration Mode FC-399

Key-Chain Configuration Mode FC-399

Key-Chain Key Configuration Mode FC-399

LANE Database Configuration Mode FC-400

Line Configuration Mode FC-400

Listen-Point Configuration Mode FC-400Map Class Configuration Mode FC-400

Map-List Configuration Mode FC-400

Modem Pool Configuration Mode FC-400

MPOA Client (MPC) Configuration Mode FC-401

MPOA Server (MPS) Configuration Mode FC-401

MRM Manager Configuration Mode FC-401

Policy-Map Configuration Mode FC-401

Poll-Group Configuration Mode FC-401

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Public-Key Chain Configuration Mode FC-401

Public-Key Key Configuration Mode FC-402

Public-Key Hex Input Configuration Mode FC-402

QoS Class-Map Configuration Mode FC-402

QoS Policy-Map Configuration Mode FC-403

QoS Policy-Map Class Configuration Mode FC-403

RADIUS Server Group Configuration Mode FC-403

RED Group Configuration Mode FC-403

RLM Group Configuration Mode FC-403

RLM Device Configuration Mode FC-404

Resource Group Configuration Mode FC-404

(Resource-Pool) Call Discriminator Profile Configuration Mode FC-404

(Resource-Pool) Customer Profile Configuration Mode FC-404

(Resource-Pool) Resource Group Configuration Mode FC-405

(Resource-Pool) Service Profile Configuration Mode FC-405

(Resource-Pool) VPDN Profile Configuration Mode FC-405

Route-Map Configuration Mode FC-405

Router Configuration Mode FC-405

RTR Entry Configuration Mode FC-406

SAA HTTP Raw Request Configuration Mode FC-406

Server Group RADIUS Configuration Mode FC-406

Server Group TACACS+ Configuration Mode FC-406

Service Profile Configuration Mode FC-407

SLB DFP Configuration Mode FC-407

SLB Real Server Configuration Mode FC-407

SLB Server-Farm Configuration Mode FC-407

SLB Virtual Server Configuration Mode FC-407

SPE Configuration Mode FC-408

Standard Named Access List (NACL) Configuration Mode FC-408

Static Maps Class Configuration Mode FC-408

Static Maps List Configuration Mode FC-409

Subinterface Configuration Mode FC-409System Controller Poll-Group Configuration Mode FC-409

Time Range Configuration Mode FC-409

TN3270 Server Configuration Mode FC-410

TN3270 DLUR Configuration Mode FC-410

TN3270 DLUR PU Configuration Mode FC-410

TN3270 DLUR Linked SAP Configuration Mode FC-411

TN3270 Listen-Point Configuration Mode FC-411

TN3270 Listen-Point PU Configuration Mode FC-411

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TN3270 PU Configuration Mode FC-411

TN3270 Response-Time Configuration Mode FC-412

TN3270 Security Configuration Mode FC-412

TN3270 Security Profile Configuration Mode FC-412

Translation-Rule Configuration Mode FC-412

Voice-Card Configuration Mode FC-413

Voice Class Configuration Mode FC-413

Voice-Port Configuration Mode FC-413

Voice Service Configuration Mode FC-413

Voice Service Session Configuration Mode FC-413

VoIP Dial Peer Configuration Mode FC-414

VPDN Group Mode and Submodes FC-414

VPDN Profile Configuration Mode FC-414

VPDN Template Configuration Mode FC-414

VRF Configuration Mode FC-415

X.25 Profile Configuration Mode FC-415

Configuration Modes Summary Table FC-415

Configuring Line Cards on the Cisco 7500 Series FC-431

Performing a Single Line Card Reload FC-431

Configuring Dual RSPs on Cisco 7500 Series Routers FC-432

Understanding Master and Slave Operation FC-432

Understanding Dual RSP Implementation Methods FC-433Dual RSP Configuration Task List FC-433

Setting Environment Variables on the Master and Slave RSP FC-442

Manually Setting Environment Variables on the Slave RSP FC-443

Monitoring and Maintaining Dual RSP Operation FC-443

Overriding the Slave Image Bundled with the Master Image FC-444

Manually Synchronizing Configuration Files FC-444

Troubleshooting and Reloading a Failed RSP Card FC-444

Disabling Access to the Slave Console FC-445

Displaying Information About Master and Slave RSP Cards FC-445

INDEX FC-449

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About Cisco IOS Software Documentation

This chapter discusses the objectives, audience, organization, and conventions of Cisco IOSsoftware

documentation .It also provides sources for obtaining documentation from Cisco Systems.

Documentation ObjectivesCisco IOS software documentation describes the tasks and commands necessary to configure and

maintain Cisco networking devices.

AudienceThe Cisco IOS software documentation set is intended primarily for users who configure and maintain

Cisco networking devices (such as routers and switches) but who may not be familiar with the tasks,

the relationship between tasks, or the Cisco IOS software commands necessary to perform particular

tasks. The Cisco IOS software documentation set is also intended for those users experienced withCisco IOS software who need to know about new features, new configuration options, and new software

characteristics in the current Cisco IOS software release.

Documentation OrganizationThe Cisco IOSsoftware documentation set consists of documentation modules and master indexes. In

addition to the main documentation set, there are supporting documents and resources.

Documentation ModulesThe Cisco IOS documentation modules consist of configuration guides and corresponding command

reference publications. Chapters in a configuration guide describe protocols, configuration tasks, and

Cisco IOS software functionality and contain comprehensive configuration examples. Chapters in a

command reference publication provide complete Cisco IOS command syntax information. Use each

configuration guide in conjunction with its corresponding command reference publication.

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Documentation Organization

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Figure 1shows the Cisco IOS software documentation modules.

Note The abbreviations (for example, FC and FR) next to the book icons are page designators,

which are defined in a key in the index of each document to help you with navigation. The

bullets under each module list the major technology areas discussed in the correspondingbooks.

Figure 1 Cisco IOS Software Documentation Modules

CiscoIOSIPConfigurationGuide

IPC

CiscoIOSConfigurationFundamentalsConfigurationGuide

CiscoIOSConfigurationFundamentalsCommandReference

Module FC/FR:

Cisco IOS UserInterfaces

File Management System Management

CiscoIOSIPCommandReference,Volume2of3:RoutingProtocols

Module IPC/IP1R/IP2R/IP3R:

IP Addressing and Services IP Routing Protocols IP Multicast

CiscoIOSAppleTalkandNovellIPXConfigurationGuide

CiscoIOSAppleTalkandNovellIPXCommandReference

Module P2C/P2R:

AppleTalk Novell IPX

CiscoIOSApolloDomain,BanyanVINES,DECnet,ISOCLNS,andXNSConfigurationGuide

CiscoIOSApolloDomain,BanyanVINES,DECnet,ISOCLNS,andXNSCommandReference

Module P3C/P3R:

Apollo Domain Banyan VINES DECnet ISO CLNS XNS

CiscoIOSWide-AreaNetworkingConfigurationGuide

CiscoIOSWide-AreaNetworkingCommandReference

Module WC/WR:

ATM Broadband Access Frame Relay SMDS X.25 and LAPB

CiscoIOSSecurityConfigurationGuide

CiscoIOSSecurityCommandReference

Module SC/SR:

AAA Security Services Security Server Protocols Traffic Filtering and Firewalls IP Security and Encryption Passwords and Privileges Neighbor Router Authentication IP Security Options Supported AV Pairs

CiscoIOSInterfaceConfigurationGuide

CiscoIOSInterfaceCommandReference

Module IC/IR:

LAN Interfaces Serial Interfaces Logical Interfaces

47953

FC

FR

IP2R

WC

WR

SC

SR

MWC

MWR

CiscoIOSMobileWirelessConfigurationGuide

CiscoIOSMobileWirelessCommandReference

Module MWC/MWR:

General PacketRadio Service

IC

IR

CiscoIOSIPCommandReference,Volume1of 3:AddressingandServices

CiscoIOSIPCommandReference,Volume3of3:Multicast

P2C

P2R

IP1R

IP3R

P3C

P3R

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xxiii


CiscoIOSVoice, Video,andFaxConfigurationGuide

CiscoIOSVoice, Video,andFaxCommandReference

Module VC/VR:

Voice over IP Call Control Signalling Voice over

Frame Relay Voice over ATM Telephony Applications Trunk Management Fax, Video, and

Modem Support

CiscoIOSQualityofServiceSolutionsConfigurationGuide

CiscoIOSQualityofServiceSolutionsCommand

Reference

Module QC/QR:

Packet Classification Congestion Management Congestion Avoidance Policing and Shaping Signalling Link Efficiency

Mechanisms

Module DC/DR:

Preparing for Dial Access Modem and Dial Shelf Configuration

and Management

ISDN Configuration Signalling Configuration Dial-on-Demand Routing

Configuration Dial-Backup Configuration Dial-Related Addressing Services Virtual Templates, Profiles, and

Networks PPP Configuration Callback and Bandwidth Allocation

Configuration Dial Access Specialized Features Dial Access Scenarios

Module BC/B1R:

TransparentBridging

SRB

Token RingInter-Switch Link

Token Ring RouteSwitch Module

RSRB DLSw+ Serial Tunnel and

Block Serial Tunnel LLC2 and SDLC IBM Network

Media Translation SNA Frame Relay

Access NCIA Client/Server Airline Product Set

Module BC/B2R:

DSPU and SNAService Point

SNA Switching

Services Cisco Transaction

Connection Cisco Mainframe

Channel Connection CLAW and TCP/IP

Offload CSNA, CMPC,

and CMPC+ TN3270 Server

CiscoIOSSwitchingServicesConfigurationGuide

CiscoIOSSwitchingServicesCommandReference

Module XC/XR:

Cisco IOSSwitching Paths

NetFlow Switching Multiprotocol Label Switching Multilayer Switching Multicast Distributed Switching Virtual LANs LAN Emulation

47954

CiscoIOSBridgingandIBMNetworkingConfigurationGui

de

CiscoIOSBridgingandIBMNetworkingCommandReference,Volume1of2

CiscoIOSBridgingandIBMNetworkingCommandReference,Volume2of2

XC

DC

DR

TC

TR

BC

XR

B1R B2R

QC

QR

VC

VR

CiscoIOSTerminalServicesConfiguration

Guide

CiscoIOSTerminalServicesCommandReference

Module TC/TR:

ARA LAT

NASI Telnet TN3270 XRemote X.28 PAD Protocol Translation

CiscoIOSDialTechnologiesConfigurationGuide

CiscoIOSDialTechnologiesCommandReference

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Master Indexes

Two master indexes provide indexing information for the Cisco IOS software documentation set:

an index for the configuration guides and an index for the command references. Individual books also

contain a book-specific index.

The master indexes provide a quick way for you to find a command when you know the command name

but not which module contains the command. When you use the online master indexes, you can click

the page number for an index entry and go to that page in the online document.

Supporting Documents and Resources

The following documents and resources support the Cisco IOS software documentation set:

Cisco IOS Command Summary(two volumes)This publication explains the function and syntax

of the Cisco IOS software commands. For more information about defaults and usage guidelines,

refer to the Cisco IOS command reference publications.

CiscoIOS System Error MessagesThis publication lists and describes Cisco IOS system errormessages. Not all system error messages indicate problems with your system. Some are purely

informational, and others may help diagnose problems with communications lines, internal

hardware, or the system software.

Cisco IOS Debug Command ReferenceThis publication contains an alphabetical listing of the

debugcommands and their descriptions. Documentation for each command includes a briefdescription of its use, command syntax, usage guidelines, and sample output.

Dictionary of Internetworking Terms and AcronymsThis Cisco publication compiles and defines

the terms and acronyms used in the internetworking industry.

New feature documentationThe Cisco IOS software documentation set documents the mainline

release of Cisco IOS software (for example, Cisco IOS Release 12.2). New software features are

introduced in early deployment releases (for example, the Cisco IOS T release train for 12.2,12.2(x)T). Documentation for these new features can be found in standalone documents called

feature modules. Feature module documentation describes new Cisco IOS software and hardware

networking functionality and is available on Cisco.com and the Documentation CD-ROM.

Release notesThis documentation describes system requirements, provides information about

new and changed features, and includes other useful information about specific software releases.

See the Using Software Release Notes section for more information.

Caveats documentationThis documentation provides information about Cisco IOS software

defects in specific software releases.

RFCsRFCs are standards documents maintained by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF).

Cisco IOS software documentation references supported RFCs when applicable. The full text of

referenced RFCs may be obtained on the World Wide Web at http://www.rfc-editor.org/.

MIBsMIBs are used for network monitoring. For lists of supported MIBs by platform and

release, and to download MIB files, see the Cisco MIB website on Cisco.com at

http://www.cisco.com/public/sw-center/netmgmt/cmtk/mibs.shtml.

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New and Changed InformationThe following organizational changes have been made since the 12.1 release of the Cisco IOS

Configuration Fundamentals Configuration Guide:

The material found in the Monitoring the Router and Network chapter of the previous release cannow be found in the following chapters:

Configuring SNMP Support

Configuring RMON Support

Configuring Cisco Discovery Protocol

Network Monitoring Using Cisco Service Assurance Agent

The chapters titled System Management Using System Controllers and Managing Dial Shelves

have been removed; information on system controllers and dial shelves is now found in the

Cisco IOS Dial Technologies Configuration Guide.

New Features in Cisco IOS Release 12.2

Cisco IOS Release 12.2 software incorporates the enhancements available in Cisco IOS Release 12.1(1)

through 12.1(5) and combines them with the new features introduced in Cisco IOS Release 12.1(1)T

through 12.1(5)T.

For a complete list of new features in Cisco IOS Release 12.2, see the New Features in Cisco IOS

Release 12.2 index or the New Features in Release 12.1 T online index, available on Cisco.com and

the Documentation CD-ROM. The Cisco IOS Configuration Fundamentals Configuration Guidefor

Release 12.2 includes information about the following new features in the Cisco IOS software:

In the Configuring SNMP Supportchapter:

Call Tracker plus ISDN and AAA Enhancements for the Cisco AS5300 and Cisco AS5800

Circuit Interface Identification MIB

Cisco AAA Server MIB and Additional Enhancements for the Cisco AS5300 and Cisco AS5800

Cisco AAA Session MIB

Ethernet-like Interfaces MIB

Event MIB

Individual SNMP Trap Support

Interface Index Persistence

Interfaces Group MIB Enhancement

Monitoring Resource Availability on Cisco AS5300 Universal Access Servers

MSDP MIB

NTP MIB

In the Managing Configuration Fileschapter:

Parser Cache

In the Network Monitoring Using Cisco Service Assurance Agentchapter:

Service Assurance Agent Enhancements

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Identifying Platform Support for Cisco IOS Software Features

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In the Performing Basic System Managementchapter:

Trimble Palisade NTP Synchronization Driver for the Cisco 7200 Series

In the Configuring Web Cache Services Using WCCPchapter:

WCCP Redirection on Inbound Interfaces

In the Configuring Line Cards on the Cisco 7500 SeriesAppendix:

Single Line Card Reload for the Cisco 7500 Series

Identifying Platform Support for Cisco IOS Software FeaturesCisco IOS software is packaged in feature sets consisting of software images that support specific

platforms. The feature sets available for a specific platform depend on which Cisco IOS software

images are included in a release. To identify the set of software images available in a specific release

or to find out if a feature is available in a given Cisco IOS software image, see the following sections:

Using Feature Navigator

Using Software Release Notes


Feature Navigator is a web-based tool that enables you to quickly determine which Cisco IOS software

images support a particular set of features and which features are supported in a particular Cisco IOS

image.

Feature Navigator is available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. To access Feature Navigator, you must

have an account on Cisco.com. If you have forgotten or lost your account information, e-mail the

Contact Database Administration group at [email protected]. If you do not have an account on

Cisco.com, go to http://www.cisco.com/register and follow the directions to establish an account.

To use Feature Navigator, you must have a JavaScript-enabled web browser such as Netscape 3.0 or

later, or Internet Explorer 4.0 or later. Internet Explorer 4.0 always has JavaScript enabled. To enable

JavaScript for Netscape 3.x or Netscape 4.x, follow the instructions provided with the web browser. For

JavaScript support and enabling instructions for other browsers, check with the browser vendor.

Feature Navigator is updated when major Cisco IOS software releases and technology releases occur.

You can access Feature Navigator at the following URL:

http://www.cisco.com/go/fn


Cisco IOS software releases include release notes that provide the following information:

Platform support information

Memory recommendations

Microcode support information

Feature set tables

Feature descriptions

Open and resolved severity 1 and 2 caveats for all platforms

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Document Conventions

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Release notes are intended to be release-specific for the most current release, and the information

provided in these documents may not be cumulative in providing information about features that first

appeared in previous releases.

Document ConventionsWithin Cisco IOS software documentation, the term router is generally used to refer to a variety of Cisco

products (for example, routers, access servers, and switches). Routers, access servers, and other

networking devices that support Cisco IOS software are shown interchangeably within examples. These

products are used only for illustrative purposes; that is, an example that shows one product does not

necessarily indicate that other products are not supported.

The Cisco IOS documentation set uses the following conventions:

Command syntax descriptions use the following conventions:

Nested sets of square brackets or braces indicate optional or required choices within optional or

required elements. For example:

Convention Description

^ or Ctrl The and Ctrl symbols represent the Control key. For example, the key combination D or Ctrl-Dmeans hold down the Control key while you press the D key. Keys are indicated in capital letters but

are not case sensitive.

string A string is a nonquoted set of characters shown in italics. For example, when setting an SNMP

community string to public, do not use quotation marks around the string or the string will include the

quotation marks.


boldface Boldface text indicates commands and keywords that you enter literally as shown.

italics Italic text indicates arguments for which you supply values.

[x] Square brackets enclose an optional element (keyword or argument).

| A vertical line indicates a choice within an optional or required set of keywords or arguments.

[x | y] Square brackets enclosing keywords or arguments separated by a vertical l ine indicate an optional

choice.

{x | y} Braces enclosing keywords or arguments separated by a vertical line indicate a required choice.


[x {y | z}] Braces and a vertical line within square brackets indicate a required choice within an optional element.

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Obtaining Documentation

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Examples use the following conventions:

The following conventions are used to attract the attention of the reader:

Caution Means reader be careful. In this situation, you might do something that could result in

equipment damage or loss of data.

Note Means reader take note. Notes contain helpful suggestions or references to materials not

contained in this manual.

Timesaver Means the described action saves time. You can save time by performing the action

described in the paragraph.

Obtaining DocumentationThe following sections provide sources for obtaining documentation from Cisco Systems.

World Wide Web

The most current Cisco documentation is available on the World Wide Web at the following website:

http://www.cisco.com

Translated documentation is available at the following website:

http://www.cisco.com/public/countries_languages.html

Documentation CD-ROM

Cisco documentation and additional literature are available in a CD-ROM package, which ships

with your product. The Documentation CD-ROM is updated monthlyand may be more current than

printed documentation. The CD-ROM package is available as a single unit or through an

annual subscription.


screen Examples of information displayed on the screen are set in Courier font.

boldface screen Examples of text that you must enter are set in Courier bold font.

< > Angle brackets enclose text that is not printed to the screen, such as passwords.

! An exclamation point at the beginning of a line indicates a comment line. (Exclamation points are also

displayed by the Cisco IOS software for certain processes.)

[ ] Square brackets enclose default responses to system prompts.

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Documentation Feedback

xxix


Ordering Documentation

Cisco documentation can be ordered in the following ways:

Registered Cisco Direct Customers can order Cisco product documentation from the Networking

Products MarketPlace:

http://www.cisco.com/cgi-bin/order/order_root.pl

Registered Cisco.com users can order the Documentation CD-ROM through the online

Subscription Store:

http://www.cisco.com/go/subscription

Nonregistered Cisco.com users can order documentation through a local account representative by

calling Cisco corporate headquarters (California, USA) at 408 526-7208 or, in North America, by

calling 800 553-NETS(6387).

Documentation FeedbackIf you are reading Cisco product documentation on the World Wide Web, you can submit technical

comments electronically. Click Feedbackin the toolbar and select Documentation . After you completethe form, click Submitto send it to Cisco.

You can e-mail your comments to [email protected].

To submit your comments by mail, use the response card behind the front cover of your document, or

write to the following address:

Cisco Systems, Inc.

Document Resource Connection

170 West Tasman Drive

San Jose, CA 95134-9883

We appreciate your comments.

Obtaining Technical AssistanceCisco provides Cisco.com as a starting point for all technical assistance. Customers and partners can

obtain documentation, troubleshooting tips, and sample configurations from online tools. For

Cisco.com registered users, additional troubleshooting tools are available from the TAC website.

Cisco.com

Cisco.com is the foundation of a suite of interactive, networked services that provides immediate, open

access to Cisco information and resources at anytime, from anywhere in the world. This highly

integrated Internet application is a powerful, easy-to-use tool for doing business with Cisco.

Cisco.com provides a broad range of features and services to help customers and partners streamline

business processes and improve productivity. Through Cisco.com, you can find information about Cisco

and our networking solutions, services, and programs. In addition, you can resolve technical issues with

online technical support, download and test software packages, and order Cisco learning materials and

merchandise. Valuable online skill assessment, training, and certification programs are also available.

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Obtaining Technical Assistance

xxx


Customers and partners can self-register on Cisco.com to obtain additional personalized information

and services. Registered users can order products, check on the status of an order, access technical

support, and view benefits specific to their relationships with Cisco.

To access Cisco.com, go to the following website:

http://www.cisco.com

Technical Assistance Center

The Cisco TAC website is available to all customers who need technical assistance with a Cisco product

or technology that is under warranty or covered by a maintenance contract.

Contacting TAC by Using the Cisco TAC Website

If you have a priority level 3 (P3) or priority level 4 (P4) problem, contact TAC by going to the TAC

website:

http://www.cisco.com/tac

P3 and P4 level problems are defined as follows:

P3Your network performance is degraded. Network functionality is noticeably impaired, but

most business operations continue.

P4You need information or assistance on Cisco product capabilities, product installation, or basic

product configuration.

In each of the above cases, use the Cisco TAC website to quickly find answers to your questions.

To register for Cisco.com, go to the following website:

http://www.cisco.com/register/

If you cannot resolve your technical issue by using the TAC online resources, Cisco.com registeredusers can open a case online by using the TAC Case Open tool at the following website:

http://www.cisco.com/tac/caseopen

Contacting TAC by Telephone

If you have a priority level 1 (P1) or priority level 2 (P2) problem, contact TAC by telephone and

immediately open a case. To obtain a directory of toll-free numbers for your country, go to the following

website:

http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/687/Directory/DirTAC.shtml

P1 and P2 level problems are defined as follows:

P1Your production network is down, causing a critical impact to business operations if service

is not restored quickly. No workaround is available.

P2Your production network is severely degraded, affecting significant aspects of your business

operations. No workaround is available.

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Using Cisco IOS Software

This chapter provides helpful tips for understanding and configuring Cisco IOS software using the

command-line interface (CLI). It contains the following sections:

Understanding Command Modes

Getting Help Using the no and default Forms of Commands

Saving Configuration Changes

Filtering Output from the show and more Commands

Identifying Supported Platforms

For an overview of Cisco IOS software configuration, refer to the Cisco IOS Configuration

Fundamentals Configuration Guide.

For information on the conventions used in the Cisco IOS software documentation set, see the chapter

About Cisco IOS Software Documentation located at the beginning of this book.

Understanding Command ModesYou use the CLI to access Cisco IOS software. Because the CLI is divided into many different modes,

the commands available to you at any given time depend on the mode you are currently in. Entering a

question mark (?) at the CLI prompt allows you to obtain a list of commands available for eachcommand mode.

When you log in to the CLI, you are in user EXEC mode. User EXEC mode contains only a limited

subset of commands. To have access to all commands, you must enter privileged EXEC mode, normally

by using a password. From privileged EXEC mode you can issue any EXEC commanduser or

privileged modeor you can enter global configuration mode. Most EXEC commands are one-time

commands. For example, showcommands show important status information, and clearcommandsclear counters or interfaces. The EXEC commands are not saved when the software reboots.

Configuration modes allow you to make changes to the running configuration. If you later save the

running configuration to the startup configuration, these changed commands are stored when the

software is rebooted. To enter specific configuration modes, you must start at global configuration

mode. From global configuration mode, you can enter interface configuration mode and a variety of

other modes, such as protocol-specific modes.

ROM monitor mode is a separate mode used when the Cisco IOS software cannot load properly. If a

valid software image is not found when the software boots or if the configuration file is corrupted at

startup, the software might enter ROM monitor mode.

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Getting Help

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Table 1describes how to access and exit various common command modes of the Cisco IOS software.

It also shows examples of the prompts displayed for each mode.

For more information on command modes, refer to the Using the Command-Line Interface chapter in

the Cisco IOSConfiguration Fundamentals Configuration Guide.

Getting HelpEntering a question mark (?) at the CLI prompt displays a list of commands available for each commandmode. You can also get a list of keywords and arguments associated with any command by using the

context-sensitive help feature.

To get help specific to a command mode, a command, a keyword, or an argument, use one of the

following commands:

Table 1 Accessing and Exiting Command Modes

CommandMode Access Method Prompt Exit Method

User EXEC Log in. Router> Use the logoutcommand.

Privileged

EXEC

From user EXEC mode,

use the enableEXECcommand.

Router# To return to user EXEC mode, use the disablecommand.

Global

configuration

From privileged EXEC

mode, use theconfigureterminal privilegedEXEC command.

Router(config)# To return to privileged EXEC mode from global

configuration mode, use the exitor endcommand,or press Ctrl-Z.

Interface

configuration

From global

configuration mode,specify an interface using

an interfacecommand.

Router(config-if)# To return to global configuration mode, use the exit

command.To return to privileged EXEC mode, use the endcommand, or press Ctrl-Z.

ROM monitor From privileged EXEC

mode, use the reloadEXEC command. Press

the Breakkey during thefirst 60 seconds while the

system is booting.

> To exit ROM monitor mode, use the continuecommand.

Command Purpose

help Provides a brief description of the help system in any command mode.

abbreviated-command-entry? Provides a list of commands that begin with a particular character string. (No space

between command and question mark.)

abbreviated-command-entry Completes a partial command name.

? Lists all commands available for a particular command mode.

command? Lists the keywords or arguments that you must enter next on the command line.

(Space between command and question mark.)

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Example: How to Find Command Options

This section provides an example of how to display syntax for a command. The syntax can consist of

optional or required keywords and arguments. To display keywords and arguments for a command, enter

a question mark (?) at the configuration prompt or after entering part of a command followed by a space.

The Cisco IOS software displays a list and brief description of available keywords and arguments. Forexample, if you were in global configuration mode and wanted to see all the keywords or arguments for

the arapcommand, you would type arap ?.

The symbol in command help output stands for carriage return. On older keyboards, the carriage

return key is the Return key. On most modern keyboards, the carriage return key is the Enter key. The

symbol at the end of command help output indicates that you have the option to press Entertocomplete the command and that the arguments and keywords in the list preceding the symbol are

optional. The symbol by itself indicates that no more arguments or keywords are available and that

you must press Enterto complete the command.

Table 2shows examples of how you can use thequestion mark (?)to assist you in entering commands.The table steps you through configuring an IP address on a serial interface on a Cisco 7206 router that

is running Cisco IOS Release 12.0(3).

Table 2 How to Find Command Options

Command Comment

Router> enablePassword:

Router#

Enter the enablecommand andpassword to access privileged EXEC

commands. You are in privileged

EXEC mode when the prompt changes

to Router#.

Router# configure terminalEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.Router(config)#

Enter the configure terminalprivileged EXEC command to enter

global configuration mode. You are inglobal configuration mode when the

prompt changes to Router(config)#.

Router(config)# interface serial ? Serial interface number

Router(config)# interface serial 4 ?/

Router(config)# interface serial 4/ ? Serial interface number

Router(config)# interface serial 4/0Router(config-if)#

Enter interface configuration mode by

specifying the serial interface that you

want to configure using the interfaceserialglobal configuration command.

Enter ? to display what you must enternext on the command line. In this

example, you must enter the serial

interface slot number and port number,

separated by a forward slash.

You are in interface configuration mode

when the prompt changes to

Router(config-if)#.

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Router(config-if)# ?Interface configuration commands:...ip Interface Internet Protocol config commandskeepalive Enable keepalivelan-name LAN Name command

llc2 LLC2 Interface Subcommandsload-interval Specify interval for load calculation for an

interfacelocaddr-priority Assign a priority grouplogging Configure logging for interfaceloopback Configure internal loopback on an interface

mac-address Manually set interface MAC addressmls mls router sub/interface commandsmpoa MPOA interface configuration commands

mtu Set the interface Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU)netbios Use a defined NETBIOS access list or enablename-caching

no Negate a command or set its defaultsnrzi-encoding Enable use of NRZI encodingntp Configure NTP

.

.

.Router(config-if)#

Enter ? to display a list of all theinterface configuration commands

available for the serial interface. Thisexample shows only some of the

available interface configuration

commands.

Router(config-if)# ip ?Interface IP configuration subcommands:access-group Specify access control for packets

accounting Enable IP accounting on this interfaceaddress Set the IP address of an interface

authentication authentication subcommandsbandwidth-percent Set EIGRP bandwidth limitbroadcast-address Set the broadcast address of an interfacecgmp Enable/disable CGMPdirected-broadcast Enable forwarding of directed broadcastsdvmrp DVMRP interface commandshello-interval Configures IP-EIGRP hello interval

helper-address Specify a destination address for UDP broadcastshold-time Configures IP-EIGRP hold time...

Router(config-if)#ip

Enter the command that you want to

configure for the interface. This

example uses the ipcommand.

Enter ? to display what you must enternext on the command line. This

example shows only some of the

available interface IP configuration

commands.

Table 2 How to Find Command Options (continued)

Command Comment

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Using the no and default Forms of CommandsAlmost every configuration command has a noform. In general, use the noform to disable a function.Use the command without the nokeyword to reenable a disabled function or to enable a function thatis disabled by default. For example, IP routing is enabled by default. To disable IP routing, use the noip routingcommand; to reenable IP routing, use the ip routingcommand. The Cisco IOS software command referencepublications provide the complete syntax for the configuration commands and

describe what the noform of a command does.

Configuration commands also can have a defaultform, which returns the command settings to thedefault values. Most commands are disabled by default, so in such cases using the defaultform has thesame result as using the noform of the command. However, some commands are enabled by default and

Router(config-if)# ip address ?A.B.C.D IP addressnegotiated IP Address negotiated over PPP

Router(config-if)# ip address

Enter the command that you want to

configure for the interface. This

example uses the ip addresscommand.

Enter ? to display what you must enternext on the command line. In this

example, you must enter an IP address

or the negotiatedkeyword.

A carriage return () is not

displayed; therefore, you must enter

additional keywords or arguments to

complete the command.

Router(config-if)#ip address 172.16.0.1 ?A.B.C.D IP subnet mask

Router(config-if)#ip address 172.16.0.1

Enter the keyword or argument you

want to use. This example uses the

172.16.0.1 IP address.Enter ?to display what you must enternext on the command line. In this

example, you must enter an IP subnet

mask.

A is not displayed; therefore, you

must enter additional keywords or

arguments to complete the command.

Router(config-if)# ip address 172.16.0.1 255.255.255.0 ?secondary Make this IP address a secondary address

Router(config-if)#ip address 172.16.0.1 255.255.255.0

Enter the IP subnet mask. This example

uses the 255.255.255.0 IP subnet mask.

Enter ?to display what you must enter

next on the command line. In thisexample, you can enter the secondarykeyword, or you can press Enter.

A is displayed; you can press

Enter to complete the command, oryou can enter another keyword.

Router(config-if)#ip address 172.16.0.1 255.255.255.0Router(config-if)#

In this example, Enteris pressed tocomplete the command.

Table 2 How to Find Command Options (continued)

Command Comment

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have variables set to certain default values. In these cases, the defaultform of the command enables thecommand and sets the variables to their default values. The Cisco IOS software command reference

publications describe the effect of the defaultform of a command if the command functions differentlythan the noform.

Saving Configuration ChangesUse the copy system:running-config nvram:startup-config command to save your configurationchanges to the startup configuration so that the changes will not be lost if the software reloads or a

power outage occurs. For example:

Router# copy system:running-config nvram:startup-configBuilding configuration...

It might take a minute or two to save the configuration. After the configuration has been saved, the

following output appears:

[OK]

Router#

On most platforms, this task saves the configuration to NVRAM. On the Class A Flash file system

platforms, this task saves the configuration to the location specified by the CONFIG_FILE environment

variable. The CONFIG_FILE variable defaults to NVRAM.

Filtering Output from the show and more CommandsIn Cisco IOS Release 12.0(1)T and later releases, you can search and filter the output of showand morecommands. This functionality is useful if you need to sort through large amounts of output or if you

want to exclude output that you need not see.

To use this functionality, enter a showor morecommand followed by the pipe character (|); one ofthe keywords begin, include, or exclude; and a regular expression on which you want to search or filter(the expression is case-sensitive):

command| {begin| include| exclude} regular-expression

The output matches certain lines of information in the configuration file. The following example

illustrates how to use output modifiers with the show interfacecommand when you want the output toinclude only lines in which the expression protocol appears:

Router# show interface | include protocol

FastEthernet0/0 is up, line protocol is upSerial4/0 is up, line protocol is up

Serial4/1 is up, line protocol is upSerial4/2 is administratively down, line protocol is downSerial4/3 is administratively down, line protocol is down

For more information on the search and filter functionality, refer to the Using the Command-Line

Interface chapter in the Cisco IOS Configuration Fundamentals Configuration Guide, Release 12.2.
http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/software/ios122/122cgcr/ffun_c/index.htmhttp://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/software/ios122/122cgcr/ffun_c/index.htm

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Identifying Supported PlatformsCisco IOS software is packaged in feature sets consisting of software images that support specific

platforms. The feature sets available for a specific platform depend on which Cisco IOS software

images are included in a release. To identify the set of software images available in a specific release

or to find out if a feature is available in a given Cisco IOS software image, see the following sections:




Feature Navigator is a web-based tool that enables you to quickly determine which Cisco IOS software

images support a particular set of features and which features are supported in a particular Cisco IOS

image.

Feature Navigator is available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. To access Feature Navigator, you must

have an account on Cisco.com. If you have forgotten or lost your account information, e-mail the

Contact Database Administration group at [email protected]. If you do not have an account on

Cisco.com, go to http://www.cisco.com/register and follow the directions to establish an account.

To use Feature Navigator, you must have a JavaScript-enabled web browser such as Netscape 3.0 or

later, or Internet Explorer 4.0 or later. Internet Explorer 4.0 always has JavaScript enabled. To enable

JavaScript for Netscape 3.x or Netscape 4.x, follow the instructions provided with the web browser. For

JavaScript support and enabling instructions for other browsers, check with the browser vendor.

Feature Navigator is updated when major Cisco IOS software releases and technology releases occur.

You can access Feature Navigator at the following URL:

http://www.cisco.com/go/fn


Cisco IOS software releases include release notes that provide the following information:

Platform support information

Memory recommendations

Microcode support information

Feature set tables

Feature descriptions

Open and resolved severity 1 and 2 caveats for all platformsRelease notes are intended to be release-specific for the most current release, and the information

provided in these documents may not be cumulative in providing information about features that first

appeared in previous releases.

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Configuration Fundamentals Overview

This chapter provides an overview of the Cisco IOS Configuration Fundamentals Configuration Guide

for Cisco IOS Release 12.2. It includes descriptions of the parts and chapters of this document, and

suggestions on which parts of the documentation to read to perform common tasks.

Organization of This GuideThe Cisco IOS Configuration Fundamentals Configuration Guideis divided into three main parts:

Cisco IOS User Interfaces

File Management

System Management

This section provides a description of the chapters within each part.

Cisco IOS User InterfacesThe user interface chapters describe the different methods of entering commands into a router and

altering the user environment:

Using the Command-Line Interface

The command-line interface (CLI) is the primary means of configuring Cisco IOS software-based

devices. This chapter provides an overview of the CLI, and discusses its editing features,

context-sensitvie help, and other features.

Using AutoInstall and Setup

The Cisco IOS software includes two features that simplify or automate the configuration of Cisco

devices: AutoInstall and Setup. AutoInstall allows a network manager to load configuration files

onto new Cisco devices automatically. Setup guides a user throught the initial configuration of a

Cisco device. This chapter describes how to set up your network for AutoInstall, and how to use

Setup.

Configuring Operating Characteristics for Terminals

A basic method of accessing the CLI is to connect a terminal to the router through the console port

or one of the tty lines. This terminal connection uses default settings, which should work for most

terminal sessions. However, you may want to alter the terminal settings. This chapter provides

details on how to perform these alterations.

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Managing Connections, Menus, and System Banners

This chapter provides details on managing connections you make to other hosts, displaying

messages to users connecting to your router, and setting up user menus.

Using the Cisco Web Browser User Interface

This chapter provides detailed information on using the Cisco IOS web browser user interface (UI)to configure and monitor your router, as an alternative to using the CLI. It also explains how to

configure the Web Browser interface for other users.

File Management

The file management chapters describe the tasks associated with copying, saving, moving, and loading

different types of files, such as configuration files, images, and microcode:

Using the Cisco IOS File System

This chapter descibes how to manage files using the Cisco IOS File System (IFS), which provides

a common syntax for managing all file systems on Cisco devices, including Flash memory file

systems and network file systems, as well as for any other endpoints used for reading or writ ing data.

Managing Configuration Files

This chapter describes how to modify configuration files, as well as how to upload, store, and

download configuration files. This chapter also explains how to specify which configuration file the

system should use at startup.

Loading and Maintaining System Images

This chapter describes how to download images from servers, store images on servers, and specify

which image is loaded at system startup. If you are not upgrading your system image and you do not

want to change image booting procedures, you do not need to read this chapter.

Maintaining System Memory

This chapter describes the different types of memory your router may have and how to use this

memory to manage files.

Rebooting

This chapter focuses on tasks related to the rebooting procedure. Read this chapter if you want to

change which image or configuration file is loaded at system startup. This chapter also discusses

ROM Monitor mode, which allows you to boot the router manually.

Configuring Basic File Transfer Services

This chapter describes how to configure your router to function as a server, or use the remote shell

(rsh) and remote copy (rcp) functions. As a TFTP server, your router can provide other routers with

images and configuration files over the network. The rsh and rcp functions allow users to remotely

execute commands or copy files to or from another host. This chapter also addresses optional

configuration of Maintenance Operation Protocol (MOP) and Boot Operation Protocol (BOOTP)

services.

System Management

The system management chapters discuss tasks that allow you to maintain your router after it is

configured with the network, routing, and WAN protocols. These chapters discuss ways you can

fine-tune the router and maintain it over time. These chapters also discuss router and network monitoring

tools used for gathering information about connected devices and network performance.

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Performing Basic System Management

Discusses basic optional tasks. For example, you can change the name of the router, create command

aliases, enable minor services, and set time and calendar services.

Troubleshooting and Fault Management

Provides an introduction to troubleshooting techniques (including use of showcommands), error

message logging, and debugging commands. If you are troubleshooting a particular protocol, readthis chapter to learn how to log system error messages and use debugging commands. Then, refer to

the chapter in the documentation set that documents your protocol. For detailed troubleshooting

information, see theInternetwork Troubleshooting Guide .

Configuring SNMP Support

Describes the steps for configuring Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) on your router.

Configuring Cisco Discovery Protocol

Describes the Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP), and how to use CDP to discover other local devices.

Configuring RMON Support

Describes the Remote Monitoring (RMON) features available on Cisco routers to supplement

SNMP use.

Network Monitoring Using Cisco Service Assurance Agent

Describes the Cisco Service Assurance Agent (SA Agent), and how to use SA Agent operations to

monitor network performance and ensure levels of service.

Configuring Web Cache Services Using WCCP

Describes the Web Cache Control Protocol, a Cisco-developed content-routing technology that

allows you to utilize cache engines (such as the Cisco Cache Engine 550) and web-caches in your