Female and Male Cancers

Female and Male Cancers

What is Cancer?What is Cancer? Cancer is a cellular disease Abnormal cell growth Cells grow out of control and forms

tumors If the tumor is within a gland, the

cancer is said to be localized If the cancer escapes the gland it is

called systemic spread Early detection before the cancer

escapes the gland is very important

Cancer is a cellular disease Abnormal cell growth Cells grow out of control and forms

tumors If the tumor is within a gland, the

cancer is said to be localized If the cancer escapes the gland it is

called systemic spread Early detection before the cancer

escapes the gland is very important

Tumor

Tumor

CAPSULE

GLAND

Bone

LymphNode

Other Organs

Local-Regional Disease Spread

Systemic Spread

Breast CancerBreast Cancer

DefinitionDefinition Breast cancer is the

uncontrollable growth and spread of abnormal cells in the breast

If not controlled, it can lead to death

An estimate 40,460 deaths will occur from female breast cancer in 2007

Only lung cancer accounts for more cancer in women.

Breast cancer is the uncontrollable growth and spread of abnormal cells in the breast

If not controlled, it can lead to death

An estimate 40,460 deaths will occur from female breast cancer in 2007

Only lung cancer accounts for more cancer in women.

Signs and SymptomsSigns and Symptoms The earliest sign is

an abnormality that shows up on a mammogram before it can be felt by the woman or health care provider.

Early stages of breast cancer usually do not produce symptoms.

The earliest sign is an abnormality that shows up on a mammogram before it can be felt by the woman or health care provider.

Early stages of breast cancer usually do not produce symptoms.

Signs and Symptoms Continued…

Signs and Symptoms Continued…

Painless mass (up to 10% of patients have breast pain and no mass)

Breast changes: thickening, swelling, and skin irritation or distortion

Nipple changes: discharge, inversion, or tenderness.

Painless mass (up to 10% of patients have breast pain and no mass)

Breast changes: thickening, swelling, and skin irritation or distortion

Nipple changes: discharge, inversion, or tenderness.

Early Detection

Early Detection

9 out of 10 women

survive breast cancer simply

by early detection.

9 out of 10 women

survive breast cancer simply

by early detection.

Cervical CancerCervical Cancer

DefinitionDefinition

Cervical cancer is the uncontrollable growth and spread of abnormal cells in the cervix.

Human Papillomavirus (HPV) types 16 and 18 have been found to cause 70% of cervical cancer cases.

10,000 new cases of cervical cancer every year.

Cervical cancer is the uncontrollable growth and spread of abnormal cells in the cervix.

Human Papillomavirus (HPV) types 16 and 18 have been found to cause 70% of cervical cancer cases.

10,000 new cases of cervical cancer every year.

Cervical CancerCervical Cancer

Signs and SymptomsSigns and Symptoms

Often times there are no symptoms. Women often times view the

symptoms as related to her period. Once the cancer advances, symptoms

may include:Abnormal bleedingHeavy dischargePelvic painPain during urination

Often times there are no symptoms. Women often times view the

symptoms as related to her period. Once the cancer advances, symptoms

may include:Abnormal bleedingHeavy dischargePelvic painPain during urination

Detection by a DoctorDetection by a Doctor

Pap Test Doctor scrapes cells

from the cervix and examines them under a microscope to detect infection or abnormal cells.

Pap Test Doctor scrapes cells

from the cervix and examines them under a microscope to detect infection or abnormal cells.

PreventionPrevention

Safe sex

Gardasil Vaccine

Safe sex

Gardasil Vaccine

Male CancersMale Cancers

Testicular CancerTesticular Cancer

DefinitionDefinition

Testicular cancer is the growth of abnormal cells in the Testicle.

Usually only develops in one testicle

1-2% of men who develop testicular cancer get it in both testicles.

Testicular cancer is the growth of abnormal cells in the Testicle.

Usually only develops in one testicle

1-2% of men who develop testicular cancer get it in both testicles.

Normal and Abnormal Testicle

Normal and Abnormal Testicle

Normal Abnormal

Signs and SymptomsSigns and Symptoms

Lump in the testicle, usually painless

Swelling of the testicle

Some men may develop back pain or swelling in the leg

Lump in the testicle, usually painless

Swelling of the testicle

Some men may develop back pain or swelling in the leg

Early Detection is Key* Self-Examination *

Early Detection is Key* Self-Examination *

Hold the penis out of the way and examine each testicle separately

Hold the testicle between the thumbs and fingers with both hands and roll it gently between the fingers

Look and feel for any hard lumps or change in the size, shape, or consistency of the testes

Hold the penis out of the way and examine each testicle separately

Hold the testicle between the thumbs and fingers with both hands and roll it gently between the fingers

Look and feel for any hard lumps or change in the size, shape, or consistency of the testes

Prostate CancerProstate Cancer

Male AnatomyMale Anatomy

DefinitionDefinition Prostate Cancer is the

uncontrollable growth of cells in the prostate gland.

In the United States, 218,890 men will be diagnosed with prostate cancer. That is one man diagnosed every 3 minutes.

Prostate Cancer is the uncontrollable growth of cells in the prostate gland.

In the United States, 218,890 men will be diagnosed with prostate cancer. That is one man diagnosed every 3 minutes.

Signs and SymptomsSigns and Symptoms

There may be none at all!!! Major Signs and Symptoms:

Urinary Frequency Slow urinary flow Painful urination Blood in urine or semen Impotence Lower back or thigh pain

There may be none at all!!! Major Signs and Symptoms:

Urinary Frequency Slow urinary flow Painful urination Blood in urine or semen Impotence Lower back or thigh pain

Risk FactorsRisk Factors Age: The risk increases with age, but

25% of diagnoses are made under age 65.

Race: African-Americans have a rate of incidence double that of Caucasian men.

Family History of Prostate Cancer: Men with a family history have two-to-three fold increase in the risk of prostate cancer.

Diet: A diet high in saturated animal fat can double the risk of developing prostate cancer.

Age: The risk increases with age, but 25% of diagnoses are made under age 65.

Race: African-Americans have a rate of incidence double that of Caucasian men.

Family History of Prostate Cancer: Men with a family history have two-to-three fold increase in the risk of prostate cancer.

Diet: A diet high in saturated animal fat can double the risk of developing prostate cancer.

Detection by DoctorDetection by Doctor

Digital Rectal Examination (DRE) Doctor examination by feeling the

prostate with his/her fingers through the rectum

Digital Rectal Examination (DRE) Doctor examination by feeling the

prostate with his/her fingers through the rectum