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29th Session of the ACP-EU Joint Parliamentary Assembly15 – 17 June, 2015, Suva, Fiji
Presentation on WCPO Tuna Fisheries
Feleti P TeoExecutive Director
Scope of Presentation
Overview of the WCPFC
Status of the WCPO tuna stocks
Challenges in managing the stocks
Management and compliance
efforts
Conclusions
WCPFC Offices Kolonia, Federated States of Micronesia
OVERVIEW OF THE WCPFC
Establishment of the WCPFC
1982 – UNCLOS adopted•1994 – FFA called MHLC on South Pacific Tuna • Fisheries, Honiara1995 – UNFSA adopted•2000 – WCPF Convention adopted•2004 – Convention entered into force•
Objective of the WCPFC
To ensure, through effective management, the long-term conservation and sustainable use of HMFS in the WCPO in accordance with UNCLOS and UNFSA.
Key Functions
Article 10 articulates 15 key functions for the WCPFC to develop governance of both fisheries and fishery resources within its mandate, including:
Determination of TAC and TAE;Data collection;Scientific research and stock assessments to provide scientific advice to the Commissioners;Develop CMMs;Monitoring compliance and surveillance.
Five Tuna RFMOs
WCPFC Convention Area
0
20N
20S
60S180
150W
130W
141E
Membership
26 Members
(FFA) Australia, Cook, FSM, Fiji, Kiribati, RMI, Nauru, NZ, Niue, Palau, PNG, Samoa, Solomon, Tonga, Tuvalu, Vanuatu.
(Non-FFA) Canada, China, EU, France, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Philippines, Chinese Taipei, USA
7 Territories
A. Samoa, CNMI, F. Polynesia, Guam, New Caledonia, Tokelau, Wallis and Futuna
7 Cooperating Non-Members
Ecuador, El Salvador, Liberia, Mexico, Panama, Thailand and Vietnam.
25 Observers
STATUS OF TUNA STOCKS
WCP 2014 catches
Skipjack TunaKatsuwonus pelamis
Yellowfin TunaThunnus albacares
Bigeye TunaThunnus obesus
Albacore TunaThunnus alalunga
68%
21%
5%
6%
2014 WCPO Tuna Production (by gear)
Gear %
Purse Seine 74
Longline 9
Poll-and-line 7
Others (Troll, ID, PH) 10
6182 Vessels on WCPFC RFV (as at 18 May 2015)
817
3665
1084
616
Other – pole and line, trollers, support vessels, harpooners, research vessels
Longliners, including tuna longlinersand freezer longliners
Purse seiners, including tuna purse seiners
Carriers and bunkers
http://www.wcpfc.int/vessels
283 in good standing with
FFA
Approx 230 are registered
on the PNA VDS register¼ are presently flagged to ◦Pacific Island countries
817 purse seine vessels on WCPFC RFV (as at 18 May 2015)
817
6182
In 2014, 1517 longliners
reported to the WCPFC VMS746 are in good standing with FFA◦
10% were flagged to Pacific ◦Islands countries or territories
3665 longline vessels on WCPFC RFV (as at 18 May 2015)
3665
6182
WCPFC’s Recent Stock Assessments
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Bigeye
tuna
(WCPO) SA SA Update
(Pacific-wide) Update
Yellowfin tuna SA SA
Skipjack tuna SA SA
South Pacific (SP) albacore SA SA
North Pacific (NP) albacore SA SA
Pacific bluefin tuna SA SA
SP swordfish SA
NP swordfish SA
SP striped marlin SA
NP striped marlin SA
Pacific blue marlin SA
Oceanic whitetip shark SA
Silky shark SA SA
NP blue shark SA SA
NP mako shark SA
2014 management advice (SC10)
Skipjack TunaKatusuwonus pelamis
Yellowfin TunaThunnus albacares
Bigeye TunaThunnus obesus
Overfished: Fishing mortality be
reduced
No further increase in catches
Avoid further increase in fishing mortality,
keep stock at current levels
Summary of Scientific Advice
Stabilize/maintain/no increase
Rebuild stock / reduce catch
Skipjack tuna•Yellowfin tuna•Albacore tuna•SW Pacific swordfish•Pacific-wide Blue marlin•
Bigeye tuna•Pacific bluefin tuna•SW Pacific striped marlin•WCNP striped marlin•Silky shark•Oceanic whitetip shark•
CHALLENGES IN MANAGING THE WCPO STOCKS
Key Challenges
Multi-stocks1.Multi-gear2.Data collection3.Coastal states v Flag states 4.SIDS v Developed5.Compliance 6.
Management Measures
Purse seine measures 1.Longline measures2.
Purse seine measures CMM 2014-01 / CMM 2009-02
FAD closure (3 – 4 month)•Annual FAD limits (for some CCMs)•Purse Seine catch retention•100% observer coverage•Limit on LSPSVs (except SIDS and Indonesia)•
EEZ limits (PNA VDS + others)High Seas (interim flag limits)
Longline measures – flag-based with SIDS exemption CMM 2014-01
Flag based bigeye catch limits with •monthly reporting for some(with SIDS exemption)
Yellowfin limits to be agreed in 2014•
Limits on longline vessel numbers •targetting bigeye
(with SIDS and Indonesia exemption)
Compliance Measures
Compliance tools
Record of Fishing Vessels1.Commission VMS 2.Regional Observer Programme3.High Seas Boarding and Inspection scheme4.WCPFC IUU List5.Compliance monitoring scheme 6.
Conclusion and Take Home Messages
Bigeye and Pacific Bluefin tunas overfished.1.Catch levels continue to increase.2.Need to review fishing capacity.3.Establish a harvest strategy framework - target 4.reference points.SIDS special requirements 5.Need for a robust MCS scheme. 6.
Thank you…