FEATURES

The mission of the Soil and Water Consetvation Society IS to advocate the conservation of soil, water, and related natural resources. As a multidisciplinary organization, SWCS synthesizes the results of research, experience, and custom in developing a knowledge base that is communicated worldwide. Through education and example, SWCS promotes a stewardship ethic that recognizes the interdependence of people and natural resources.

DmcEm PISddsnt Ronald J. Hi&, ShQnHOod parlr,Ab@m -- Alice J. Jones, Lincoln, Nebraska Slcrstrry-Tmwurer William J. Bnme, Victoria, Minnesota Executive Vice-president Douglas M. Kleine, Des Moines, Iowa

DIRECTORS Calvin J. Perklns, Broadalbin, New York R. Hugh Caldwell, Lexington, South Carolina Anthony G. Burns, New Castle, Kentucky Adrian Achtermann, Silver Lake, Ohio William J. Brune, Victoria, Minnesota Alice J. Jones, Lincoln, Nebraska 0. I?. “Reggie” Jones, Bushland, Texas Jan Jinings, Boise, Idaho Ronald J. Hicks, Sherwood Park, Alberta Tom Machacek, Brookings, South Dakota Richard L. Duesterhaus, Vienna, Virglnia

Editor Paula Porter Assistant Edltdr Doug Snyder Research Editor James F. Power Production h i s t a n t Debbie Maher Design Dlrector Brian WuerkerMluerker Designs!

EDlTORlAL BOARD Lawrence W. Libby (chm), Gainesville, Florida David B. Baker, Tiffin, Ohio Alfred Birch, Edmonton, Alberta Blair T. Bower, Arlington, Virginia. David Cressman, Kitchener, Ontario George Foster, St. Paul, Minnesota W. L. Hargrove. Griffin, Georgia N. W. Hudson, Silsoe, England Dennis Keeney, Ames, Iowa Fred B. Knight, Orono, Maine Don K. McCool, Pullman, Washington Pete Nowak, Madison, Wisconsin William R. Oschwald, Champaign, Illinois Dave Schertz, Washington, D.C. Gerald E. Schuman, Cheyenne, Wyoming Frederick Steiner, Tempe, Arlzona B. A. Stewart, Bushland, Taxas. Ken Trott, Davis, California

SWCS STAFF Exmltlre Viw-prsaident DOUglaS M. K l @ h Director of Pebllc Main Max Schnepf Dinelor of Edwationprofmional Osvelopment Tim Kautta Director of Management Information Systems James L. Sanders Washington, D.C. Representative Norman A. Berg

Journal of Soil and Water Conseffafion (ISSN 0022-4561) is published six times a year in January, March, May, July, September, and November by the Soil and Water Conservation Society, 7515 N.E. Ankeny Road, Ankeny, Iowa 50021 -9764. Second class postage paid at Ankeny, Iowa, and additional mailing offices. POSTMASTER: Send address changes to Journa/ of Soil and Water Consemtion, 7515 N.E. Ankeny Road, Ankeny, Iowa 50021-9764. CopyrigM 91992 by the Soil and Water Consswation Society. SWCS assumes no responsibility for statements and opinions expressed by contributors. Address all editorial and business correspondence to Journal of soil and WaterConseffa8on, 7515 N.E. Ankeny Road, Ankeny, Iowa 50021-9764; telephone (515) 289- 2331; fax (515) 289-1227. Subscription is by membership in the Soil and Water Conservation Society or by subscription. Membership dues are $44 a year ($50 outside the United States and Canada); subscriptions are $35 a year ($40 outside the United States and Canada).

278 J O U R N A L O F S O I L A N D W A T E R C O N S E R V A T I O N

Districts, sustainability, and the Palouse

Following are comments on several items in the March- April 1992 issue of theJSWC.

It has long been evident that what was needed in soil con- servation was the help of down-to-earth, both-feet-on- the-ground, clear-thinking soci- ologists and students of human motivation and behavior. The mission of getting soil conser- vation practices adopted and installed has not ever been at its roots only a matter of agronomy and engineering. It is good that we have among our colleagues one Pete Nowak, who writes challeng- ing, thought-provoking articles such as “The Role and Capacity of Conservation Districts ...” [March-April 1992, p. 1521.

It is to be hoped that Coop- erative Extension and other rel- evant agencies will do all they can to help those key conser- vation district staff personnel and district supervisors devel- op leadership skills and not just leave them out there turn- ing and twisting in the winds of change and bureaucratic conflict.

I read with much interest and empathy Joe Friend’s essay on “Achieving Soil Sustainabili- ty,” [March-April 1992, p. 1561 the necessary concomitant or precursor to agricultural sus- tainability. However, some def- inition of what the writer meant by “soil formation” would have been helpful. Is it the weathering of parent mate- rial resulting in residual soil solum material or the transfor- mation of mineral soil solum material to organic-enriched topsoil or some combination of both?

Also, at the risk of belabor- ing what should be obvious, soil loss prediction, such as by use of the USLE, has no bear- ing on determining rates of soil formation, however that forma- tion might be defined. A soil

P E N P

loss rate estimate may be either larger or smaller than the rate of soil formation, assuming someone can figure out what that is.

A self-convened “steering committee” of seven Palouse- region farmers have aban- doned their attempt to form a tri-state Agricultural Conserva- tion and Production Coalition as a base for protest against the conservation compliance requirements of the 1985 and 1990 farm bills. The February 2, 1992 meeting of more than 100 farmers, which was men- tioned in your “In the News” section [March-April 1992, p. 1691 (and which I also attend- ed), did not result in endorse- ment of the coalition. Rather, in the typical mode of wisely skeptical farmers, they came, listened, and departed with lit- tle or no reaction. My assess- ment is that probably no more than 25 farmers (plus one high- ly biased local agricultural news reporter) were ever strongly committed to the aims of the coalition sponsors.

Leonard Jib mon Tmy, Idaho

Using proper soil taxonomy

It has been nearly a year since I wrote to you about my favorite subject, soil resources. At that time, I recommended that authors of articles submit- ted for publication in the JSWC share with readers soil re- source information, including soil type and full taxonomy class-and to make that a re- quirement for manuscript ac- ceptance for the journal.

I was happy to see the re- quirement in the revised Edito- rial Policy [see pages 347-3481. My response is “thank you” for making this a reality. I have noticed an increase in the shar- ing of soil resource information in recent issues. Keep up the good work.

0 1 N T S

Every once in a while, in- cluding in government publica- tion, someone goes off the deep end and uses terms that are abstract or colloquial or un- conventional. These should be avoided if possible. Several ex- amples follow.

Soil Conservation Service Bulletin PA-629, “What is a Farm Conservation Plan?,” de- scribes the CaIlaway and Henry silt loam soil in general de- scriptions, among other things, as “cold.” Naturally this was used in colloquial terms to imply that because these soils are wet, they are also cold. As you know, this is not the case and not intended, for it is mis- used. Wet does not mean cold or vice versa.

In terms of taxonomy, “cold” means the soil is in the Boric or Cryic Soil Temperature Regime, and that is not the case here. Both soils are “Ther- mic.” A lot of key information is often left out of these gener- al descriptions; in this case, both have fragipans, as given in the Great Group. Shallow is

Example of a

stated for both soils. They are shallow from the root stand- point, if it is over bedrock, but in this case over the fragipan. The adjective or modifier would be “lithic”, over bed- rock.

The complete taxonomy for both soils is as follows:

Callaway silt loam (MS): Fine-silty, mixed, mesic Glos- saquic Fragidualfs Alfisols Order.

Henry silt loam (TN): Coarse-silty, mixed, thermic Typic Fragiaqualfs Alfisols Order.

Another example is taken from the Lauderdale County, Tennessee, Soil Survey Report (page 61) describing the map unit for “Routon silt loam.” I am not sure if anyone has re- searched the differences in water temperatures-hot vs. cold-with wet soils. I am sure it would not make any signifi- cant difference. The taxonomy is Fine-silty, mixed, thermic Typic Ochraqualfs Alfisols Order.

It is important that farmers

soil taxonomy

Soil Type: Taxonomy: Fine-silty mixed thermic Typic Ochraqualfs Alfisols

Routon silt loam (TN)

V A i l

Ochr aqu alfs

1 Alfisols I Order

~ ’ Wetness or ~

f Light colored soil- poorly drained.

not dark (topsoil).

Typical of a central concept. Not modified in any way.

The mean annual soil temperature is between 15-22 “C or 4759°F and is measured at 50 cm or 20“ below the soil surface.

v ’ ’

Soil mineralogy is mixed, that is less than 40% of any one clay mineral dominates the profile, except for quartz and feldspar.

The profile texture has between 18-35% clay and less than 15% sand, with the remainder being silt, or 50-82%.

280 J O U R N A L O F S O I L A N D WATER C O N S E R V A T I O N

and ranchers be exposed to, and get some, training in inter- preting soil information. It is technical, but it can be ex- plained in general terms and/or a few technical terms. This is shown in the accompa- nying figure for the Routon silt loam (TN). Explaining the tax- onomy, step by step, in this way makes it rather simple.

This idea should not be new. I think we have slipped into a rut because of policy and the way soils descriptions have been done for years. We have not kept up with passing technology on to the user.

We have been very good at promoting completion of soil surveys. We promoted the comprehensive modern sur-

veys to replace the single-farm surveys in the early part of the soil conservation district move- ment. The general descriptions done in those early days (1940- 1960) are still being done today, even though we have used the comprehensive sys- tem since 1965 and it was sup- posedly fully implemented by 1968.

To fully implement the soil survey and promote its use to the fullest, we must bring our thinking to match that of soil taxonomy. Yes, we can express ourselves in common everyday terms when thinking techno- logically. Let’s use the term, coarse-loamy, if that’s what it is, along with fragipans, Al-

Wendell Berry stated it very well when he said, “Land can- not be properly cared for by those who do not know it inti- mately.” Yes, one can know it intimately by knowing and using the Soil Survey to obtain the maximum benefits and plan for maximum use.

Martin C. Urka Englmood, Florih

fisols, etc.

Pen Points is a forum.for readers to comment on material that has been published in theJSWC or on land and uwter management issites in general. Readers are invited to e@ress their views in a letter to the editor. Letters are judged on their clari[v and pertinence to natural resource issues. Long letters may be shortened. Send letters to Editor, JSWC, 7515 Nor-theast Anken-y Road, Adeny , Iowa

289- 122 7. -Editor. 50021 -9 764; faX (515)

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J U L Y - A U G U S T 1992 281

B O O K S , E T C .

Water Resources Manage- ment- In Searcb of an En- vironmental Btbic. David Lewis Feldman. 247 pp. 1991, John Hopkins Univer- sity Press, Baltimore, Mary- land 21211. $38.50. Water Resources Manage-

ment: In Search of an Envimn- mental Ethic is an excellent book on water policy in the United States. Its central con- cern is the need for reform in the way water policy is made and implemented. Feldman methodically leads the reader from our current situation, and why it is as it is, to specific suggestions for reform. He be- lieves that serious crises con- front our society’s use and abuse of water.

The book traces the U.S. government’s involvement in water resources management from its inception, about ls00. State and regional conflicts and the lack of comprehensive water resources planning led the federal government to cre- ate the Water Resources Coun- cil in 1961. While our nation’s best effort to date, the council was abolished in 1981. In actu- al practice, the council’s plan- ning process was a disappoint- ment. Had the council been retained, however, a process for forcing a meeting of the minds on appropriate goals for U.S. water policy might have been possible.

Feldman’s purpose is to show how our most severe water resource problems are caused by a reliance upon nar- row and often inappropriate acquisitive values that do not sat* a wide range of human needs and are harmful to na- ture. in the United States, deci- sion makers have traditionally chosen development-oriented policies on the basis of the im- proved economic efficiency they offer. Even the notion of “effidency” is misleading in Feldman’s view, because it is narrowly defined by engineers, planners, and water project

beneficiaries whose guiding principle is “cost benefit analy- sis.” One result is short-term economic gain for some re- gions, at the expense of long- term economic benefit and ecological stability for society in general.

He contends that current policies do not adequately con- sider the environmental and social costs of water projects, or sufficiently encompass de- mocratic representation and participation. His thesis is that our public policies should be defended on ethical grounds, represented by principles in- cluding the equitable distribu- tion of natural resources, the protection of plants and ani- mals, political feasibility, and the fulfillment of human needs. Current established policies pit region against region, resist centralized national manage- ment, are powerfully linked to conventional notions of private property, and require a formal ethic or obligation in decision making to ensure the account- ability of government to its citi- zens.

He goes on to argue that in historical perspective many Corps of Engineers and Bureau of Reclamation projects (and I presume the same would apply to projects of other federal de- velopmental agencies) are only explainable in the politically n a m w struggle for bureaucrat- ic survival and interest group satisfaction. Such constituency- based decision making has re- sulted in building dams and other public work projects that fuel regional economic growth. In spite of numerous reforms in the process by which water policy is made, federal agen- cies continue to resist these challenges and rely on struktur- a1 solutions.

Feldman does not seem to be aware that some .federal de- velopment agencies, the De- partment of Agriculture’s Soil Conservation Service for exam- ple, have changed with time.

SCS has approved water re- source plans that rely on non- structural solutions. It has also used the “Environmental Quali- ty” and “Other Social Effects” accounts from the ”Principles and Guidelines” (Economic and Environmental Principles and Guidelines for Water and Related Land Resources Implementation Studies, March 1983) for pro- ject justification.

Feldman believes that an ethically defensible natural re- sources policy is one that satis- fies a broad range of human needs, and that the idea of jus- tice encompasses natural re- sources as well as people. A balance of nature is essential for us as humans. The re- sources, though, rely on pro- tection by the policy choices humans make. He thinks the best way for protecting nature in our society is using some form of a social contract among reasonable people with some tangible elements to it. Such a contract could comprise tacit agreements based upon mutual understanding and logi- cal deductions concerning the conditions necessary for “jus- tice.”

The text’s treatment of the idea of a social contract is somewhat abstract, however, and while Feldman does de- scribe some of the features such a contract might contain, for example, the rights of other living creatures. How this might be accomplished is not clear. Some decision rules for this social contract also are suggested.

The historic effect of U.S. water law on water policy, as well as the historic decision making criteria including bene- fit-cost analysis, are treated thoroughly in the book. Feld- man believes water law has proved inadequate, and bene- fit-cost analysis has been inap propriately applied. His view is that proper comparison of poli- cy alternatives using benefit-

cost analysis would require that efficiency and equity be tied to one another. Feldman is critical of planners and engi- neers, saying they are ill- equipped by training to solve ethical problems. He also says that civil servants invested with authority to regulate natural re- sources are generally viewed as squanderers of resources and, at times, dishonest. I be- lieve Feldman is unduly harsh in this regard and I would hope, not accurate.

Feldman defends his case with some examples, including the Garrison Diversion Project in North Dakota and the Blue Ridge Pumped Storage Power Project in North Carolina. His description of these projects is interesting and educational.

Finally, Feldman suggests that a point of departure for change would be a nationwide system of regional, self-sustain- ing, water management author- ities. These authorities would be established in a combined political-hydrological frame- work and make their own de- cision rules. He uses an exam- ple (one with more limited objectives, however), France’s River Basin organizations, which were established in 1964. France’s basin agencies are empowered to help meet national water quality stan- dards only, and the national government rarely interferes.

While Feldman is much more critical, particularly of en- gineers, planners, and the law than I believe is deserved, his book is an excellent discussion of a very important and timely topic. I encourage anyone seri- ously interested in water re- sources management to read it. His conclusion that we consid- er a nationwide system of re- gional water management au- thorities supports the same conclusion reached by others. One is a discussion paper from Harvard’s John F. Kennedy School entitled Federal Water Policy: Toward an Agenda for

322 J O U R N A L OF SOIL A N D W A T E R C O N S E R V A T I O N

Action by Charles H.W. Foster and Peter P. Rogers, August

TERS04 Direct0 r, Washington Projects, Soil Conservation Ser- vice, USDA, washington, D. C.

General Earthtoons: The First Book of

Eco- Humor. By Stan Eales. Illus., 1992. Warner Books Trade Paperback, New York, New York. 10103. $9.99.

Environmental Protection Publications. 96 pp., 1991. Environmental Protection Publications, Conservation and Protection, Environ- ment Canada, Ottawa, On- tario, K1A OH3.

Identification of Rh izocto n ia Species. Edited by B. Sneh, L. Purpee, and A. Ogoshi. 133 pp., illus., 1991. APS Press, St. Paul, Minnesota 55121. $27.00

Guide to Map and Image Pro- cessing. 292 p ~ . , apps., gloss., 1992. MicroImages, Inc., 201 North 8th Street, Suite 15, Lincoln, Nebraska 68508- 1347. $20.00.

Progress Report: Summaries of Competitive Grant Projects (Volume 1). 72 pp., illus., 1992. Leopold Center for Sustainable Agriculture, 126 Soil Tilth Building, Iowa State University, Ames, 5001 1.

Ecotourism and Resource Con- servation. Compiled by Jon A. Kusler. 890 pp., 2 vols., apps., 1991. Association of Wetland Managers, Berne, New York 12023-9746. Vol.

The Green Cathedral: Sustain- able Development of Ama- zonia. By Juan de Onis. 288 pp. , illus., 1992. Oxford University Press, New York, New York 10016. $24.95.

Forging International Agree- ment: Strengthening Inter- govern mental Institutions for Environment and Devel- opment. By Lee A. Kimball. 85 pp. , 1992. World Re-

1988, E-88-05.-JOHN W. PE-

1, $14.00; V01.2, $14.00.

sources Institute, Baltimore, Maryland 21211. $9.95.

Beyond Compliance: A New Industry View of the Envi- ronment. Edited by Bruce Smart. 285 pp., 1992. World Resources Institute, Balti- more, Maryland 21 2 11. $19.95.

World Resources 1992-93. 385 pp., tbls., 1992. World Re- sources Institute, Baltimore, Maryland 21211. $19.95.

American Environmentalism: The U.S. Environmental Movement, 1970-1990. Edit- ed by Riley E. Dunlap and Angela G. Mertig. 136 pp., 1992. Taylor & Francis, Bris- tol, Pennsylvania 19007- 1598. $12.95.

Toward Sustaina bility: Soil and Water Research Priori- ties for Developing Coun- tries. 65 pp., illus., refs., apps., 1991. National Acad- emy Press, Washington, D.C. 20418. $19.00.

Global Biodiversity Strategy: Guidelines for Action to Save, Study, and Use Earth’s Biotic Wealth Sustaina bility and Equitably. 244 pp. , 1992. World Resources In- stitute Publ., Baltimore, Maryland 21211. $19.95.

Opportunities in Basic Soil Sci- ence Research. Garrison Sposito and Robert J. Regi- nato, editors. 109 pp., 1992. Soil Science Society of America, Madison, Wiscon- sin 53711-1086. $14.00.

Agriculture Disaster Assistance: Problems

in Administering Payments for Nonprogram Crops. 38 pp., tbls., apps., 1991. U.S. General Accounting Office, Washington, D.C. 20548.

Ag ric u ltu re Pay m en ts: Effec - tiveness of Effoorts to Reduce Farm Payments Has Been Limited. 32 pp., 1991. U.S. General Accounting Office, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20877.

Fa rm ers Home Ad m in ist ra - tion: Billions of Dollars in

Farm Loans Are at Risk. 104 pp., 1992 U.S. General Ac- counting Office, Gaithers- burg, Maryland 20877.

The origins of Agriculture and Settled Life. By Richard S . MacNeish. 433 pp., illus., tbls., bibliog., index, 1992. University of Oklahoma Press, Norman, 73019. $75.00.

Crops & Man. (Second Edi- tion) Jack R. Harlan, editor. 284 pp., 1992. Soil Science Society of America, Madi- son, Wisconsin 53711-1086. $34.00.

Sustainable Agriculture Re- search and Education in the Field: A Proceedings. 437 pp., illus., apps., 1991. Na- tional Academy Press, Washington, D.C. 20418. $39.95.

Raising and Sustaining Pro- ductivity of Smallholder Farming Systems i n the Tropics. By Willem C. Beets. 738 pp., illus., tbls., 1990. AgBe’ Publishing, 1800 GC., Alkmaar, The Netherlands. $85 .OO , hardbound; $39.00, paperback.

Fish and Wildlife The Pbilosophy and Practice of

Wildlife Management. By Frederick F. Gilbert and Donald G. Dodds. 326 pp., 1992. Kriegler Publishing Company, Melbourne, Flori- da 32902-9542. $34.50.

Wildlife Conservation in Met- rop o li ta n E n vi ro n m en ts . Edited by Lowell W. Adams and Daniel L. Leedy. 264 pp., illus., tbls., 1991. Na- tional Institute for Urban Wildlife, 10921 Trotting Ridge Way, Columbia, Maryland 21044. $27.00.

Forests Timber Resource of Missouri.

By Jerold T. Hahn. 123 pp., tbls., 1991. North Central Forest Experiment Station, Forest Service, U.S. Depart- ment of Agriculture, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108.

Cooling Our Communities: A Guidebook on Tree Planting and Light-Colored SuTfac- ing. 217 pp., illus., refs., tbls., maps, apps. , 1992. U.S. Environmental Protec- tion Agency, Washington, D.C. 20460.

Integrated Resource Manage- ment: Agroforestry for Devel- opment. Edited by Charles V. Kidd and David Pi- mentel. 223 pp., illus., refs., apps., index, 1992. Academ- ic Press, San Diego, Califor- nia 92101. $59.95.

Urban Forestry. By Gene W. Grey and Frederick J. Deneke (2nd edition). 316 pp., 1992. Krieger Publish- ing Company, Melbourne, Florida 32902-9542. $45.00.

Forest Ecology. By Stephen H. Spun and Burton V. Barnes. 702 pp., (3rd edition). 1992. Krieger Publishing Compa- ny, Melbourne, Florida 32902-9542. $69.50.

Land Use Hope for the Land. By Charles

E. Little. 228 pp., 1992. Rut- gers University Press, New Brunswick, New Jersey

The Conservation Easement Stewardship Guide. Land Trust Alliance, Washington,

plus $3.00 shipping and handling.

Law, Legislation, Politics Managing Intey’urisdictional

Waters in Canada: A Con- stitutional Analysis. By Steven Kennett. 238 pp. , 1991. Canadian Institute of Resources Law, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4. $26.00, Canada, plus 7 percent tax; $28.00, USA.

A Livestock Producer’s Legal Guide to Nuisance, Land Use Control, and Environ- mental Law. By Neil D. Hamilton. 174 p ~ . ~ app. , index, 1992. American Farm Bureau Federation, Park

08901-1242. $24.95.

D.C. 20006-2501. $11.00,

Ridge, Illinois 60068. $12.00.

Wisconsin’s Managed Forest Law: The First Five Years: 1986-1991. A Report to the Wisconsin Legislature. Illus., apps., 1991. Department of Natural Resources, Forest Tax Unit, P.O. Box 7963, Madison, Wisconsin 53707.

Natural Areas North American Range Plants

(Fourth Edition). By James Stubbendieck, Stephan L. Hatch, and Charles H. But- terfield. 493 pp., illus., refs., apps., gloss., index, 1992. University of Nebraska Press, Lincoln, 68588-0520. $45.00, clothbound; $20.00, softbound.

Pesticides Fundamentals of Pesticides: A

Self-Instru ctio n Guide, Third Edition. By George W. Ware. 307 pp., 1991. Thomson Publications, Fres- no, California 93791. $17.50.

Pesticides and Ground- Water Strategy. 78 pp., illus., 1991.

U.S. Environmental Protec- tion Agency, Washington, D.C. 20460.

Pollution Heavy Metals in the Environ-

ment. Edited by J. P, Bernet. 406 pp., 1991. Elsevier Sci- ence Publishers, 1000 BZ Amsterdam, The Nether- lands.

Designing Facilities for Pesti- cide and Fertilizer Contain- ment, MWPS-3 7 (First Edi- tion). By David W. Kammel, Ronald T. Noyes, Gerald L. Riskowski, and Vernon L. Hofman. 116 pp., illus., refs., gloss., apps., index, 1991. MidWest Plan Service, 122 Davidson Hall, Iowa State University, Ames, 50011-3080. $15.00, plus shipping and handling.

Fertilizer Management and the Implications for Water Pollution. Proceedings, Workshop on Fertilizer Management. 20 pp., 1991. American Society for Horti- cultural Science, Alexandria, Virginia 22314-2824. $6.00,

ASHS members; $10.00, nonmembers.

Water Resources Supplemental Imgation in the

Near East and North Africa. Proceedings of a Workshop on Regional Consultation on Supplementary Irriga- tion, ICARDA and FAO, Rabat, Morocco, December 7-9, 1987. Edited by Eu- gene R. Perrier and Abdul Bari Salkini. 628 pp., 1991. Kluwer Academic Publish- ers Group, 3300 AZ Dor- drecht, The Netherlands.

Delineation of Wellhead Pro- tection Areas in Fractured Rocks. By K. R. Bradbury, M. A. Muldoon, A. Za- porozec, and J. Levy. 144 pp., tbls., 1991. Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Wash- ington, D.C. 20460.

Nitrate Occurrence i n U.S. Waters (and Related Ques- tions>: A Reference Summa- y of Published Sources from an Agricultural Perspective. Prepared by John Fedkiw. USDA Working Group on Water Quality. 35 pp., tbls., 1991. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D.C. 20250.

Ec o n o m i c Imp 1 ic a ti o ns of Groundwater Contamina- tion to Companies and Cities. 80 pp., 1991. Fresh- water Foundation, Wayzata, Minnesota 55391. $10.00.

Monitoring Water in the 1990s: Meeting New Chal- lenges. Jack R. Hall and G. Douglas Glysson, editors. 625 pp., 1991. American So- ciety for Testing and Materi- als, Philadelphia, Pennsylva- nia 19103-1187. $69.00; ASTM members, $62.00.

Managing Nitrogen f o r Groundwater Quality and Farm Profitability. R. F. Fol- lett, D. R. Keeney, and R. M. Cruse, editors. 378 pp., apps., 1991. American Soci- ety of Agronomy, Madison, Wisconsin 5371 1-1086. $36.00; $30.00, SSSA mem- bers

Turning the Tide: Saving the Chesapeake Bay. By Tom Horton and William M. Eichbaum. 321 pp., illus., refs., gloss., apps., index, 1991. Island Press, Covelo,

$22.95, cloth; $14.95 paper. The Snake River: Window to

the West. By Tim Palmer. 320 pp., illus., refs., index, 1991. Island Press, Covelo, California 95428-9901. $34.95, cloth; $17.95, paper.

AS734 Standards on Soil Com- paction. 192 pp., 1992. ASTM, Philadelphia, Penn- sylvania 19103-1 187. $45.00; $41.00, ASTM Members.

Manual of Soil Laboratory Testing. Volume 1: Soil Clas- sification and Compaction Tests (second edition). By K. H. Head. 388 pp., illus., apps. , index, 1992. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Somer- set, New Jersey 08875. $69.95.

Myths and Science of Soils of the Tropics. R. La1 and P. A. Sanchez, editors. 204 pp., 1992. Soil Science Society of America, Madison, Wiscon- sin 53711-1086.

Synthesis of Soil-Plant Corre- spondence Data f rom Twelve Wetland Studies Throughout the United States. By C. A. Segelquist, W. L. Slauson, M. L. Scott, and G. T. Auble. 24 pp., refs., tbls., 1990. Publica- tions Unit, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Washing- ton, D.C. 20240.

Applied Groundwater Hydrol- ogy: A Brit is h Perspec t iue. Edited by R. A. Downing and W. B. Wilkinson. 340 pp., illus., refs., tbls., 1991. Oxford University Press, New York, New York 10016. $160.00.

Aquaculture: An Introduction. By Jasper S. Lee and Michael E. Newman. 350 pp., illus., refs., gloss., apps., index, 1992. Inter- state Publishers, Inc., Danville, Illinois 61834- 0050. $25.25.

Sixth Biennial Report on Great Lukes Water Quality. 59 pp., apps., 1992. ISBN 1-895085- 36-5. International Joint Commission, Washington, D.C. 20440.

Waste Management Implementing Waste Manage-

ment Projects at the Local Level: 17 Extension Case Studies for Agents and Other Educators. 1992. Cornell University Resource Center, Ithaca, New York 14850.

California 95428-9901. $9.95.

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Correction Several columns of data were misaligned in TabIe 3, page 114, of the article “Benefits of Wheat Stubble Strips for Conserving Snow in Southwestern Saskatchewan” VSWC, January-February 1992, Vol. 47(1): 112-1151. The table is

reprinted below in its correct form. The JSWC editors and the authors regret the error. If readers would like a reprint of the entire article with the corrected table in place, please writeJSWC, 7515 N.E. Ankeny Road, Ankeny, Iowa 50021.

Table 3. Conservation and intake efficiency of fall and winter precipitation as affected by stubble height and year. Water Efficiency

Conserved Additiond Water of Inteke Precipitation

Received Available Water in Soil7 Fall to Fall Spring (0-120 cm) c o n s e r v e d of Precipttation

Season Spring Tall$ Short Tall Short Tall Short (TanmmparedtOShM) Tall Short ~

1981 -1 982 132 1982-1 983 93 1983-1 984 64 1984-1985 131 1985-1 986 63 1986-1 987 75 1987-1 988 48 1988-1 989 123 1989-1990 85 1990-1 991 75 Mean 89 Si nificance levels:

gtubble height Year

- 10 80 14

- 1 30 41 10 9

37 - 15

19

mm ~ - 10

67 22 0

16 45 4 6

33 - 19

17

NS 0.01

38 111 58 82 39 83 23 37 63

1 00 63

0.01 0.01

28 93 42 56 33 80 10 29 58 47 48

48 31 45 83 8

42 13 28 26

114 44

0.01 0.01

-mm/120 cm 38 10 26 5 20 25 56 27 17 - 9 35 7 6 7

22 6 25 1 66 48 31 13

0.01

YO - 35 33 66 63 13 57 27 23 30

1 52 50

0.01 0.01

- 29 20 29 43 22 46 13 18 29 88 34

Height x year NS 0.01 0.01 0.01 ‘Fall samples were taken between late September and mid-October and spring samples between April and mid-May. tAvailable water = water held by soil at potentials above - 4MPa; at - 4MPa this soil retains 154 mm of water in the 120 cm depth. $Interstrip and trap strips.

346 J O U R N A L O F S O I L A N D W A T E R C O N S E R V A T I O N