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FEASIBILITY OF CO2 STORAGE AND
ENHANCEMENT OF HC PRODUCTION IN
THE CONDENSATE GAS FIELD Q16-MAAS
Maurice Hanegraaf, Filip Neele, Ton Wildenborg
Power plants
Refineries
Industrial gases
Chemicals and biofuels
40 km
Many Large-scale CO2 Emitters in Rotterdam harbour OCAP: Existing CO2 Supply to Greenhouses
Next Step: ROAD Project
Q16-Maas May 11, 2016 2
Maasvlakte Power Plant 3
Power Plant Output: 1 070 MWe Efficiency: 46% Capture ready
Q16-Maas May 11, 2016 3
Capture Plant
Capture plant Technology: post combustion Size: 250 MW equivalent Capture rate: 90% CO2 capture: 1,1 Mt/yr
Q16-Maas May 11, 2016 4
Injection facilities
Injection Location Maasvlakte Industrial area Production facility
Q16-Maas May 11, 2016 5
Storage Location: Q16-Maas
Storage Location Q16-Maas Depth: -2 500 m Storage capacity: 2-4 Mt
Q16-Maas May 11, 2016 6
ROAD CONNECTION TO GREENHOUSES
Power plants
Refineries
Industrial gases
Chemicals and biofuels
40 km
Westland Area Q16-Maas May 11, 2016 7
NATIONAL NEWS 18-01-2016
Q16-Maas May 11, 2016
NL POLICY
At the presentation of the Energy Report,
Minister Kamp (Economic Affairs) said:
“ Geothermal energy is vital to replace
gas”
CO2 delivery to greenhouses is essential
for roll-out of geothermal energy projects
CBS (2015)
• Greenhouses: 9% of gas use in the Netherlands
• Households: 99% is heated with gas
• Industry: 50% of their primary energy demand is
the demand for heat (high end~)
Policy targets:
• 2015 3 PJ is realized (13 projects)
• 2020 it needs to be 11 PJ (~30 projects),
and
• 2050 it needs to be 300 PJ (>1000
projects)
8
May 11, 2016 Q16-Maas
SYSTEM INTEGRATION HEAT NETWORKS
9
Q16-MAAS
Wet gas field, just offshore Rotterdam
GIIP 1.6 bcm
Depth almost 2900 m
Initial conditions: p, T: 300 bar, 111 °C
Discovered 2011
Start of production April 2014
End of production: end of 2022
Q16-Maas May 11, 2016
Top main reservoir 10
INJECTION SCENARIO (2)
Slide 11 May 11, 2016
Stacked reservoir:
Highly permeable reservoir formation
(Solling/Hardegsen) divided in two by a
low permeable zone
Injection scenarios to study effect of:
Start time of injection
Location of injector
Perforations in upper / lower layer
Optimise:
Condensate production
Water production Q16-Maas
INJECTION SCENARIO (1)
Use new, second well for injection
Start injection after primary production
is completed
Injection for 2 – 3 years, ~1 Mtpa
Inj-1
MSG-03
Inj-1
Inj-2
MSG-03
May 11, 2016 Q16-Maas 12
CROSS SECTIONS
May 11, 2016 Slide 13 2019 2021
Scenario 1
Scenario 2
Q16-Maas
SUMMARY OF SIMULATIONS
0,0E+0
5,0E+8
1,0E+9
1,5E+9
2,0E+9
2,5E+9
3,0E+9
1/1/2013 1/1/2015 1/1/2017 1/1/2019 1/1/2021
Cu
mu
lati
ve
Gas p
rod
ucti
on
Time (Year)
Cumulative gas production
Cum Gas,BASE Cum Gas,T_3E Cum Gas,RUN1 Cum Gas,RUN2
Cum Gas,RUN3 Cum Gas,RUN4 Cum Gas,RUN5 Cum Gas,RUN6
5
4
3
2
1
0
May 11, 2016 Q16-Maas 14
SUMMARY OF SIMULATIONS
0,0E+0
5,0E+1
1,0E+2
1,5E+2
2,0E+2
2,5E+2
3,0E+2
3,5E+2
4,0E+2
4,5E+2
1/1/2013 1/1/2015 1/1/2017 1/1/2019 1/1/2021
Oil p
rod
ucti
on
rate
Time (Year)
Oil Production rate
Cum Gas,BASE Oil Rate,T_3E Oil Rate,RUN1 Oil Rate,RUN2
Oil Rate,RUN3 Oil Rate,RUN4 Oil Rate,RUN5 Oil Rate,RUN6
4
3
2
1
0
May 11, 2016 Q16-Maas 15
SUMMARY OF SIMULATIONS
0,0E+0
1,0E+5
2,0E+5
3,0E+5
4,0E+5
5,0E+5
6,0E+5
1/1/2013 1/1/2015 1/1/2017 1/1/2019 1/1/2021
Cu
m O
il P
rod
ucti
on
Time (Year)
Cumulative oil production
Cum Gas,BASE Cum Oil,T_3E Cum Oil,RUN1 Cum Oil,RUN2
Cum Oil,RUN3 Cum Oil,RUN4 Cum Oil,RUN5 Cum Oil,RUN6
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
May 11, 2016 Q16-Maas 16
SUMMARY OF SIMULATIONS
0,0E+0
5,0E+1
1,0E+2
1,5E+2
2,0E+2
2,5E+2
3,0E+2
3,5E+2
4,0E+2
4,5E+2
1/1/2013 1/1/2015 1/1/2017 1/1/2019 1/1/2021
Wate
r p
rod
ucti
on
rate
Time (Year)
Water production rate
Cum Gas,BASE Water production rateT_3E Water production rateRUN1
Water production rateRUN2 Water production rateRUN3 Water production rateRUN4
Water production rateRUN5 Water production rateRUN6
4
3
2
1
0
May 11, 2016 Q16-Maas 17
CONCLUSIONS
CO2 injection to start after primary production is completed
After injection starts, ‘immediate’ breakthrough of CO2
High cost of separating CO2 – CH4
Earlier start of injection: loss of sales gas
Additional volume of condensate produced ~20%
Compared to regular production
After ROAD project completes demonstration phase, Q16-Maas
potential buffer for delivery system to greenhouses
May 11, 2016 Q16-Maas 18
THANK YOU FOR YOUR
ATTENTION