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WWI and the Russian Revolution have shown Russia to be industrially weak Russia’s ability to feed itself is weak socialism dominates politics and government. Fascism: The Case for the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR). - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Fascism: The Case for the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR)
WWI and the Russian Revolution have shown Russia to be industrially weak
Russia’s ability to feed itself is weak
socialism dominates politics and government
Josef Stalin (1878-1953) the “man of steel” builds
followers (apparatchiki) to dominate ruling party
all-out industrialization comes at the expense of the toiling masses (5-year plans)
slogan “socialism in one country” shows his lack of interest in world revolution
Josef Stalin (1878-1953) collectivization forces
peasants into a planned economy
totalitarianism attempts to remake society
communications and education are harnessed to support the government
purges increase Stalin’s power & eliminate opponents
Fascism: The Case of Italy food shortages and rising
prices labor problems
(strikes, unemployment) several competing parties
paralyze the government class unrest
(taxes, Bolshevik fears) national outrage at
Versailles Treaty
Benito Mussolini (1883-1945) former socialist & WWI vet organized Fascist Party convinced Italians that
Fascists can save Italy (Black Shirts)
industrialists contribute to stem the tide of socialism
Italians dream of empire
Benito Mussolini (1883-1945) intellectuals favor his
“philosophy of action” thousands of Fascists March
on Rome to demand power (October 1922)
King Victor Emmanuel III overestimates Mussolini’s strength & appoints him P.M.
Mussolini becomes dictator (1926)
Fascism: The Case for Germany value of the German mark
and economy collapse in the 1920s
Weimar Republic defaults on reparations from Versailles Treaty
world depression
Adolf Hitler (1889-1945)World view:
anti-Semitism hated Marxism and
democracy Social Darwinism racial nationalism importance of propaganda
Adolf Hitler (1889-1945) Rise of Nazi Party Hitler joins and becomes leader
(1919) “Beer Hall” putsch fails (1923) Hitler exploits trial for publicity &
writes Mein Kampf in jail Pres. Paul von Hindenburg appoints
Hitler chancellor (1932) Nazi Party wins control of
government (1933) Reichstag fire leads to Reichstag
granting Hitler emergency powers through Enabling Act (1933)
Fascism: The Case for Japan dictatorship is formed in the
1930s greater supplies of raw
materials are needed for their growing industries
wanted to open foreign markets for its goods
rampant nationalism