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BCM 503: BUILDING SERVICES &BCM 503: BUILDING SERVICES &

ENGINEERING IENGINEERING I

WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMWATER SUPPLY SYSTEM

Prepared by:

STANLEY LAPIS 2010772267

NORFAHANA BT. MOHD NOR 2010502139

NUR HAFIZAH BT. ABDULLAH 2010952505

NUR SHAFINAZ BT. SAMSUDDIN 2010562329

BEATRICE CLAIRE MATTHEW 2010188117


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Process of Water SupplyProcess of Water Supply

WATERWATER

Clear liquid without colour, smell, or

taste that falls as rain and thatis used

for drinking, washing and many more.

comes from various sources such as

stream, rainfalls, river, well and

waterfalls.


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needs to be treated before being

supplied to a range of residentialareas, factories and many other

places thatuse water as their crucial

daily consumption.

treated for a variety of reasons,

includingthe removalof colour,

turbidity (cloudiness), taste, odour orother undesirable substances present

inthe water.


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Ten (10) main steps in waterTen (10) main steps in water

treatment processtreatment process1. Intake

2. Aeration

3. Coagulation,flocculation and

separation

4. Sedimentation

5. Sand filtration

6. Disinfection

7. Fluoridation

8. Stabilization (pH

correction)9. Storage

10.Pumping


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THE CONVENTIONALTHE CONVENTIONAL

WATER TREATMENTWATER TREATMENTPROCESSESPROCESSES


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PROCESS SEQUENCE OFPROCESS SEQUENCE OF

WATER TREATMENTWATER TREATMENT


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PROCESS OF WATER SUPPLYPROCESS OF WATER SUPPLY

To provide the consumers with

enoughhot and cold water.Common

inold buildings is the system withgravity storage tanks onthe top floor

ofthe building.

More commoninnew systems arepressurized tanks connected tothe

supply pumps.


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Ifground topography does not permit

sufficient pressure from a surface

reservoir - water tower is frequently

used togainthe necessary heightto

develop adequate water pressure

withinthe distributionnetwork.

requires the water to be pumped.

It should also be highlighted that awater distribution system may be

composed of a mixture ofgravity and

pu

mped eleme

nts.


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To provide a fire reserve

To provide air relief for the trunkmain from the water treatment

works

Distribution reservoirs should belocated as near as possible to the

centre of demand and at such

elevation to provide adequatepressure to the highest point in the

distribution area served.


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Figure 6: A water reservoir Figure 7: A type of water

tower


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Located atleast30 ft or 10 m above

the highestoutletor consumer. Intallbuildings it's necessary touse pressure

reducing valves inthe lowest floors

before the fittings.


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pressurized tankis partly filled with

air behind a membrane.The air

compensates for pressure variations

during consumption and during

supply pump starts and stops.

The pressurized tankhas a limited

compensating capacity for shortagein main supply lines.


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THE WATER STORAGETHE WATER STORAGE


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MATERIALS

Various materials are used for making a

water tank: plastics fiberglass, concrete,

stone, steel Earthen ponds function aswater storage and are often referred to

as tanks.


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TYPES OF WATER STORAGETYPES OF WATER STORAGE


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Water towerWater tower


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WATER SUPPLYSYSTEM


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Definition

Water supply system is a facility

designed for the distribution

of portable water, typicallyincluding storage tanks and a

network of pipes.


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HOT & COLD WATER SUPPLY

SYSTEMLOW - RISE BUILDING

There are 2 types of supply: Direct

- Old direct hot and cold

supply systems

- Modern direct hot andcold supply systems

Indirect


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OLD DIRECT HOT AND

COLD WATER SUPPLYSYSTEM


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PROCESS

COLD WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM Directly distributed to the kitchen and all the

sanitary appliances before go through the storage

tank.

HOT WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM Hot water in the cylinder is gravity fed from the

water storage tank. Then the water circulatesthrough a boiler and rises into the cylinder byconvection (hot liquids and gases expand and rise,whereas cold ones contract and sink).


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DISADVANTAGES

In old systems without check valves, there is

a risk of water becoming contaminated due

to backflow (water flows back into the

mains) and such installations are no longer

permitted in new housing.

The hot water system is extremely inefficientand unable to supply central heating.


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MODERN DIRECT HOT

AND COLD WATERSUPPLY SYSTEM


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PROCESS

Hot and Cold Water Supply System

- Mains water is fed into the combinationboiler where it is heated and giving almostinstantaneous hot water on demand.

- The same boiler can be used forsupplying hot water to a central heatingsystem.


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DISADVANTAGES

The baths tend to fill slowly if a tap is a long

way from the boiler.

Quite a lot of cold water has to be drawn

off before hot water appears.


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PROCESS

Hot and Cold Water Supply System.

An indirect systems supplies all sanitary

appliances (hand basins, showers, baths andWCs) with water fed from storage tank.

Water from the cold water storage tank is gravityfed into the bottom of the hot water cylinder.The cylinder contains of heating coil (calorifier)connected to a boiler by a feed pipe and returnpipe for cooled water. This is the primarycircuit.


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DISADVANTAGES

The disadvantages of an indirect system

include tank-fed water being at low pressure,

reducing noise and the likelihood of leaks.


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HOT & COLD WATER SUPPLY

SYSTEM

HIGHRISE BUILDING


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OBJECTIVES

Essential to ensure that the main water

services are sufficiently pressurized to

overcome the static height.

To supply water at a reasonable pressure

to the highest drawn-off point in the

building.


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HOT WATER

SUPPLY SYSTEM


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THANK YOU..

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