Far Eastern Agriculture 5 2013

Key to better egg production

Preview of Agrilivestock Myanmar

Garlic beneficial for fish

Toys that ensure pigs’ well-being

Renewable energy for agriculture

Poultry layer breeding

Feed & Grain Buyers’ Guide

VOLUME 30 ISSUE 5

ISSUE FIVE 2013

US$15.00 (UK£9.00)

Maize processingmethods – p21

FEAG 5 2013 COVER Copy_FEAG_COVER_MASTER_09 11/18/2013 9:47 AM Page 1

S01 FEAG 5 2013 Start_Layout 1 11/18/2013 9:50 AM Page 2

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Contents

Key to better egg production

Preview of Agrilivestock Myanmar

Garlic beneficial for fish

Toys that ensure pigs’ well-being

Renewable energy for agriculture

Poultry layer breeding


VOLUME 30 ISSUE 5

ISSUE FIVE 2013

US$15.00 (UK£9.00)

Maize processingmethods – p21

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Bulletin4 A round-up of key developments in the regional market

Agenda6 India record wheat production may lead to record exports, China wholesale markets to

directly import Chilean fruits, Vietnam seafood export sees a rise of five per cent in 2013,Singapore lifts ban on chicken imports from Thailand

Events9 Preview of FIAAP, VICTAM and GRAPAS, Agrilivestock Myanmar 2013

Review of Livestock Asia 2013, Ildex Myanmar 2013, Rice Genetics Symposium 2013

Livestock13 Layer breeding key to better egg production

17 Algae grows to become pig feed

20 Better farming techniques can help cut greenhouse gas emission

Crops23 Moringa can fulfill biodiesel demand

26 Renewable energy as power source for agriculture

Equipment27 The latest innovation in agricultural technologies

Moreover35 Avoiding locust outbreaks worldwide

Agribusiness Publishing Sdn Bhd..................................2

AWILA Anlagenbau GmbH ..........................................19

Eurofeed Technologies S.p.a.......................................34

Lubing Maschinenfabrik GmbH & Co. KG....................36

Schauer Agrotronic GmbH ..........................................17

Schaumann Agri International GmbH..........................32

Technical Systems......................................................31

Unipoint AG ................................................................34

Victam International bv .............................................. 11

VNU Exhibitions Europe (VIV Worldwide Calendar) ........9

Advertisers Index

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Enzyme discovered that candetect green muscle disease in

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4

F&N Dairies’ plant for canned milk in MalaysiaF&N DAIRIES MALAYSIA has opened a US$117mn greenfieldmanufacturing plant in Pulau Indah. With this, the company aims toleverage on state-of-the-art manufacturing technologies andbecome a cost-competitive global producer of canned milk anddouble exports within the next five years.

Somsak Chayapong, chief executive officer, said that cutting -edge technologies employed at the plant enabled F&N DairiesMalaysia to compete on the global stage, by leveraging productionefficiencies and the economies of scale.

Located on 15 ha site, the plant has an initial capacity of 14mncases or about 500mn cans per annum of sweetened condensedmilk (SCM) and evaporated milk.

The plant also produces F&N Magnolia sterilised milk.

Two more OSI poultry processing plants in ChinaOSI GROUP HAS opened its ninth and tenth processing plants inChina mid-October, including a multi-protein further processingfacility and an adjacent, integrated poultry operation in Xihua,Henan.

The further processing plant will process poultry and beefproducts for customers in China and select export markets. Thetwo-phase further processing facility would be more than 204,386square metres when fully completed in 2018. The first phase of thefurther processing plant will process par-fried and fully cookedchicken products and employ nearly 500 workers. Phase 2, which isexpected to be operational by 2016, will include additional highspeed lines and expand the plant's product capabilities to value-added beef.

The DaOSI slaughter plant is a joint venture between OSI Groupand Chinese poultry company Doyoo Group. The overallinvestment in these operations exceeds US$300mn, according tocompany sources.

Charoen Pokphand secures loan of US$500 millionAGRO-FOOD MAKER PT Charoen Pokphand Indonesia hassecured a syndicated loan worth US$500mn from 20 foreign andlocal banks, to refinance debt and for expansion. Company’sdirector Ong Mei Sian said this would help to meet its growth targetof 15 per cent .

The company has plans to spend US$176.64mn) on capitalexpenditure this year, up 20 per cent from last year, that will be usedto boost production capacity of its factories, Sian added.

The company operates seven feed mills, 80 breeding farms, 43hatcheries, four processed chicken meat facilities across thecountry.

In addition, it is engaged in the provision of day old chick (DOC)and processed chicken.

The company has six direct subsidiaries, namely PT CharoenPokphand Jaya Farm, PT Primafood International, PT Vista Grain,PT Poly Packaging Industry, PT Feprotama Pertiwi and PT AgricoInternational.

Rabobank and Friesland Campina to aid dairy farmsFRIESLANDCAMPINA AND RABOBANK are set to boost localdairy farming in Indonesia and Vietnam through affordablefinance.

FrieslandCampina’s CEO Cees’t Hart said that the twoorganisations would support local dairy farmers by leveragingknowledge and expertise, and providing financing on relativelyfavourable terms.

The initiative involves an overall investment of US$30.1mn, ofwhich FrieslandCampina will provide US$16mn, the Dutch dairycooperative added.

The loans would be used to purchase cows, improveconditions in barns and fund biogas units.

According to the company, FrieslandCampina will buy theproduced milk. The interest and loan repayments would then bededucted from the price paid for the milk, enabling the farmersto repay the loans in gradual stages.

Piet Moerland, Rabobank’s CEO, said, “Through theRabobank Foundation and Rabo Development, we give farmersin developing countries access to financing. A partnership withFrieslandCampina is of immense added value for dairy farmingin Indonesia and Vietnam.”

Omex Agrifluids receives Queen’s award in UKOMEX AGRIFLUIDSWAS honoured during aroyal reception atBuckingham Palace incelebration of itsachievement in winningthe 2013 Queen’s Awardfor Enterprise — theUK's highest accoladefor business success.The award was receivedin the category ofInternational Trade andthe event was hosted byHM the Queen.

Omex Agrifluidsmanufactures andexports a unique rangeof plant nutrients and health promoters to over 65 countriesworldwide and has grown to be a leader in plant nutritiontechnology.

The Omex product range includes Innovative Foliar Fertilisers,Plant Health Promoters, Bio-stimulants, Organics, SeedTreatments and Soluble Powder Fertilisers.

Omex Agrifluid's directors Peter Prentis and Alan Lowesattended the event.

Diamond V to open research centre in ThailandDiamond V, animal nutrition and health company, is all set toopen Diamond V Poultry Research Center in Animal ScienceSelf Learning Center, Kasetsart University, Nakhonpathom inThailand on 1 December 2013.Headquartered in Cedar Rapids, Iowa, USA, the companymanufactures all-natural products to improve animal health andperformance. Yukol Limlamthong, deputy Prime Minister ofThailand and minister of agriculture and cooperatives isexpected to preside over the ribbon cutting ceremony. Therewill be a seminar presentations too the following day.

F&N aims to be the global producer of canned milk

Bulletin

FAR EASTERN AGRICULTURE Issue Five 2013 | www.fareasternagriculture.com

Peter Prentis meets the Queen at Buckingham Palace


5

DECEMBER2-4 Agrilivestock Myanmar 2013 Yangon, Myanmar www.agrilivestock.net

3-4 Myanmar Agribusiness Investment Summit 2013 Yangon, Myanmar www.myanmaragribusinessinvestmentsummit.com

10-13 Aquaculture Asia Pacific 2013 Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam www.meraevent.com

JANUARY 201423-25 Livestock Myanmar 2014 Expo Yangon, Myanmar www.livestockmyanmar.com

FEBRUARY 20145-7 Inhagen 2014 Pasay City, Philippines www.inahgen.com

MARCH 20146-8 China International Fertiliser Show Shanghai, China www.chinaexhibition.com

19-21 Ildex Vietnam 2014 Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam www.ildex.com

19-22 INAGRITECH Exhibition Jakarta, Indonesia www.inagritech-exhibition.net

APRIL 20143-5 Seoul Seafood Show Seoul, Korea www.korea.org

8-10 FIAAP, VICTAM & GRAPAS Asia 2014 Bangkok, Thailand www.victam.com

JUNE 201418-20 9th Indo Livestock Expo & Forum Jakarta, Indonesia www.indolivestock.com

20-22 China (Shanghai) Animal Husbandry Exhibition Shanghai, China www.chinaexhibition.com

Events 2013 - 14


INDIA IS LIKELY to have a record production of wheat this year,surpassing the previous record of 94.88mn tonnes in 2012, analystssaid. Wheat shipments from India may also climb to a record as thegovernment has cut the price for overseas sales, adding to supplies ina year when farmers are reaping the biggest global harvest ever.

Agriculture secretary Ashish Bahuguna said that the production ofgram, mustard seed and barley output may also exceed the previousrecord if farmers receive one-two good spells of rains in December 2013.

India is currently world’s second biggest wheat grower.“As of now, rabi (winter) crop prospect is very good. Weather condition,

soil moisture and water levels in reservoirs is better and ideal for wheat andother rabi crops. If weather condition remains good throughout, wheatproduction should be a record this year,” Bahuguna added.

According to official data, wheat has been sown in 4.15 lakh ha tilllast week, as against 83,000 ha in the same period last year. Total areasown for all rabi crops has also increased to 65 lakh ha, which is threetimes higher than achieved during the same period last year.

Wheat is a major Rabi crop sowing of which begins from Octoberend and harvesting from April.

Bahuguna said, “There will be more area under wheat and othercrops. Yields are also expected to be better with adoption of bettervarieties. But we have to see weather condition in March, which wouldbe crucial for the wheat crop.”

Meanwhile, shipments are set to jump 32 per cent to seven milliontonnes in the 12 months starting April 1 this year from 5.3mn tonnes ayear earlier, said Agrocorp International Pte, a Singapore-based trader.The Indian Cabinet recently approved a cut in the minimum price toUS$260 a tonne from US$300 a tonne to reduce state reserves that are

more than double normal needs, said food minister K.V. Thomas.“Exports from India are likely to be bearish or put a cap on where

wheat prices are able to rally to,” Graydon Chong, a grains andoilseeds analyst at Rabobank, said. “It will relieve some of the pressurethat we’re seeing build up in the wheat complex.”

“It’s a good time for India to increase sales,” said Vijay Iyengar,managing director at Agrocorp, who has traded commodities for more thantwo decades. “India should seize the opportunity to export in a big way.”

Wheat from India is expected to fetch about US$275 a tonne free onboard ship in Middle East, African and Asian markets and has a “naturalgeographical advantage” because of lower freight costs to those buyers.

According to official data, wheat has been sown in 4.15 lakh ha until lastweek, as against 83,000 ha in the same period last year

India record wheat production may lead to record exports

S02 FEAG 5 2013 Agenda_Layout 1 11/18/2013 10:00 AM Page 5

Agenda

6

THE FAO FOOD price Index averaged 199.1 points

in September 2013, 2.3 points (one per cent)

below its August value and down 11 points (or 5.4

per cent) since the beginning of the year. The

decline in September marked the fifth

consecutive decrease in the value of the index

and was driven by a sharp fall in the international

prices of cereals, whereas prices of all other

components of the index, namely dairy, oils, meat

and sugar, rose slightly.

The FAO cereal price Index averaged 197.7

points in September, down 12.9 points (six per

cent) from August and as much as 65 points (or 25

per cent) from September 2012. The sharp decline

in September follows an already sizeable drop

registered in the previous two months, reflecting

a generally favourable supply outlook, in

particular for maize and rice. International wheat

prices which had fallen sharply for three

consecutive months, were largely unchanged

from August on stronger demand and less

favourable production prospects in the southern

hemisphere countries.

The FAO oils/fats price Index averaged 186.3

points in September, virtually unchanged from

August. Month-on-month, international soyoil

values strengthened as a result of further

downward revisions for US soybean production –

following reports of persistently dry weather in

major United States growing regions. As to palm

oil, export prices initially strengthened on

increased export demand only to fall again

towards the end of August, reflecting expectations

of rising output during the coming months.

The FAO dairy price Index averaged 240.7

points in September, 1.6 points (0.7 per cent)

more than in August. Prices for the individual

dairy products that make up the index changed

little during the month, but export price ranges

narrowed, which pointed to more balanced supply

and demand at present. However, compared to

September 2012, dairy products remain far more

expensive, with the index 28 per cent higher.

The FAO meat price Index averaged 175.7

points in September, an increase of 1.5 points (0.9

per cent) from August. The rise mainly reflected

stronger prices for poultry, which grew by 2.8 per

cent, as prices for bovine and ovine meats were

only slightly up, while remaining unchanged for

pig meat. The upwards movement in poultry meat

prices was a reflection of strong demand and, in

some instances, currency movements. In the case

of bovine meat, rising demand from Asia, including

Japan, contributed to the lifting of prices.

The FAO sugar price Index averaged 246

points in September, up 4.3 points (1.8 per cent)

from August, marking the second consecutive

monthly increase. The recent price strength is

mainly attributable to unfavorable weather

condition hampering harvesting operations in the

center-south region of Brazil, the world’s largest

sugar producer and exporter. Also, rising demand

in India, the world’s largest sugar consumer, due

to festive seasons helped provide some short-

term upward support to prices. Overall, sugar

prices were particularly volatile during the month

of September, amid uncertainties on the extent of

the anticipated production surplus for the new

2013/14 season.

SOYBEAN IMPORTS TO China are set to rise to new high starting September

2013 to August 2014, following a fall in domestic output and greater demand

for animal feed and edible soy oil.

Northeast China’s

Heilongjiang province,

nation’s largest soybean

producer, has endured

heavy rain and flooding

over the past four months,

officials said.

Hu Zengmin, analyst at

China National Grain and

Oils Information Center in

Harbin, said, “The adverse

weather conditions have

severely undercut Heilongjiang’s soybean production this year and will force

China to import more foreign soybean to meet its domestic demand.

“Based on rising market demand, China’s soybean imports in 2013-14 are

likely to rise by 15 per cent from the prior market year.”

Soybean imports rose 11.2 per cent to 58.4 metric tonnes in 2012 from a

year earlier, while prices were up 5.8 per cent year-on-year to US$599.3 per

tonne, according to the China’s General Administration of Customs.

Hu added that Heilongjiang’s soybean production may drop by between

650,000 and 500,000 tonnes in 2013.

According to government data, the declining cultivation of soybean in

Heilongjiang has been because of higher corn prices as well as minimum

purchase prices.

Soybean imports rose 11.2 per cent to 58.4metric tonnes in 2012 (pic as soybeans)

Food Outlook

CHINA NATIONAL AGRI Wholesale Market Association (CAWA)has partnered with Chilean Fruit Exporters Association (ASOEX) forthe import of fruit across 200 markets in the East Asian country.

The most imported Chilean fruit to China in the 2012-13 seasonwere table grapes, cherries and apples. Although cherry and applevolume fell in the last season, imports of mandarins grew 500 percent and Asian pears grew 355 per cent.

CAWA president Zengjun Ma called the agreement ‘enriching’ forthe growth of new Chilean fruits on the Chinese market.

“Chilean fruit enjoys respect in China and has a good name dueto its quality, especially for cherries. We represent 200 wholesalemarkets, reaching 70 per cent to 80 per cent of the population. Wecover the needs of around a billion people,” Ma added.

ASOEX president Ronald Bown said, “The affirmation of thisagreement is of real importance for the national fruit industry, notjust because we are signing it with the most importantwholesale market organisation in China but alsobecause this opens doors to more than 200wholesale markets in that country. Thisrepresents growth opportunities.”

“You cannot forget that China andHong Kong are our main marketsin Asia. In general, our exportshave grown around 18 per centin these markets in the recentpast,” he added.

China wholesale markets to directly import Chilean fruits

China’s soybean imports to surgeto an all-time high



UN FOOD AND Agriculture Organisation (FAO), in collaboration with Global Environment Facility (GEF), has

initiated a project to improve the health and sustainability of tuna fisheries worldwide by supporting

related marine ecosystems and species

The GEF, an international institution uniting 183 countries, has approved funding for the

implementation phase of the multi-partner project coordinated by FAO which aims to improve

management of tuna fisheries on the high seas and conserve biodiversity of related marine ecosystems

and species.

GEF’s CEO Naoko Ishii said,

“Today’s decision sets the stage

for action on a global scale that

will address both an economic and

environmental threat to one of the

world’s most important

commercial fish species.”

The global tuna project on

fisheries management and

biodiversity conservation — set to

run from 2013 through 2018 —

builds on and complements the

work of the five tuna Regional

Fisheries Management

Organizations (t-RFMOs) and

brings together a wide group of

stakeholders to work on three key

fronts namely fostering more

sustainable and efficient fisheries

management and wider uptake of best fishing practices and reducing ecosystem impacts from fishing,

including unintended and excessive "bycatch" of non-targeted marine life.

The project aims to catalyse actions across and between t-RFMOs and the partners and contribute in

particular to recovering lost wealth associated with IUU fishing. “High seas fisheries support the food

security and livelihoods of millions of people worldwide,” said Árni M. Mathiesen, FAO assistant director-

general for Fisheries and Aquaculture.

“Through collective action at all levels and broad cooperation that optimises the use of scarce

resources, this project — and the wider Common Oceans initiative — will help move the world away from

‘the race to fish’ and towards implementation of an ecosystem approach. This is crucial to ensuring the

future well-being and productivity of these vital marine ecosystems. Early successes will create incentives

for donors and agencies to further invest in these types of catalytic projects,” he added.

Tunas and tuna-like species make up the most valuable fishery resource caught in the areas beyond

national jurisdiction (ABNJ). Highly migratory tuna account for about 20 per cent of the value of all marine

capture fisheries — catches of the most important tuna species are alone worth over US$10bn annually.

Around 5.4mn tonnes are caught each year, with over 85 countries harvesting tuna in commercial

quantities. Capture levels are highest in the Pacific Ocean, followed by the Atlantic and Indian Oceans.

7

Agenda

Around 5.4 million tonnes oftuna are caught each year

THE VIETNAMESE SEAFOOD exports isexpected to reach US$6.5bn this year, upfive per cent against the previous year,industry sources said.According to Vietnam Association ofSeafood Exporters and Producers (VASEP),Vietnam seafood exports have increased by17.4 per cent to US$1.9bn in Q3 2013.Shrimp products got strong rise in sales,especially whiteleg shrimp, as suppliesfrom other producing countries in theworld stumbled due to Early MortalitySyndrome (EMS). From January 2013 to September 2013,Vietnam sent products to 156 markets fortotal of US$4.8bn, up 6.4 per cent againstthe same period of 2012. Seafoodshipments in October grew 14 per cent toreach an estimated value of US$680mn. Thecountry has exported US$5.5bn worth offish and shrimp in the first 10 months of2013, up 7.3 per cent from a year ago,VASEP said.According to the organisation, Vietnameseshrimp continued to show high growth insales to main markets like the US, the EU,Japan and China. Vietnamese shrimpexports in 2013 is expected to reachUS$2.8bn, up 27 per cent from 2012, wherewhiteleg shrimp has larger proportion of48.7 per cent in nationwide shrimp exports. However, pangasius sale was down due toless demands in importing markets. InSeptember 2013, fish sales abroad valuedat US$1.3bn, down 1.4 per cent. The figurecontinued to slide six per cent in October,leading to total value of US$1.43bn.Last month, other seafood exports such astuna, cephalopod, crab and swimming crabhave also been under downward pressures.

INDONESIA’S MINISTRY OF Maritime Affairsand Fisheries plans to increase fishproduction nationwide to 20mn tonnes in2014, up from 17.49mn tonnes this year.

Maritime affairs and fisheries ministerSharif Cicip Sutardjo said that the demand forfish products — both domestic andinternational — was growing significantlyevery year.

“Indonesia has potential in its fisheries,especially in the aquaculture sector. We justneed to develop our skill and technology to beable to lead the market,” he added.

Cicip added that in 2014, the governmentplanned to produce six million tonnes of seafish, 13.97mn tonnes of products fromaquaculture fisheries and 3.3mn tonnes ofsalted fish.

According to data from the Ministry, lastyear Indonesia caught 5.81mn tonnes of seafish, an increase from 5.41mn tonnes in 2011and 5.38mn tonnes in 2010.

Meanwhile, the production of aquaculturefisheries in 2012 reached 9.45mn tonnes, upfrom 6.98mn tonnes in the previous year andfrom 6.28mn tonnes in 2010.

“We catch fewer fish from the sea, such astuna and cod, than we produce throughaquaculture, like shrimp,” Cicip said.

He added that aquaculture had becomethe backbone of the fisheries sector, insupplying both the domestic and internationalmarkets.

According to data from the ministry, shrimpproduction in 2012 accounted for 36.7 percent or US$723.6mn (US$898mn) of totalfisheries exports. The main destinations forshrimp exports include the US, Japan, Chinaand European countries.

FAO pushes for tuna conservation in marine ecosystem

Indonesia to up fish production to 20 million tonnes in 2014

Vietnam seafood export sees a rise offive per cent in 2013



Agenda

8

CHINA’S BEEF IMPORTS during September this year recorded highest

volume till date at 29,113 tonnes swt, up from 5,275 tonnes swt in the same

period last year.

The import volume

exceeded 20,000 tonnes swt

for seven consecutive

months in 2013,

underpinning total imports

during the year-to-

September being

significantly higher year-on-

year at 209,385 tonnes swt.

The overall red meat

imports during September

registered the second

highest volume on record at

52,620 tonnes swt, Meat and Livestock Australia (MLA) reported.

Meanwhile, Australia’s export share of red meat to China increased from

37 per cent in September 2012 to 46 per cent in September this year at

24,106 tonnes swt. Volumes from Australia during September were up 12 per

cent from the previous month, at 15,879 tonnes swt, accounting for 55 per

cent of the beef market share, official data revealed.

New Zealand continues to dominate China’s imported sheepmeat market.

Out of the 23,506 tonnes swt imported during September, more than half the

volume was supplied by the country. Imports of Australian sheepmeat were

also up 126 per cent year-on-year at 8,227 tonnes swt.

SINGAPORE HAS ANNOUNCED its decision to lift the ban onthe import of frozen Thai chicken.

After banning Thai poultry from its market for nine years,Singapore has finally allowed frozen chicken from Thailandback into the country, The Nation of Thailand reported.

The decision to lift the suspension on Thai chicken importscame after a meeting at the recently held Singapore-ThailandEnhanced Economic Relationship (STEER) in Singapore.

Thai commerce minister Niwatthumrong Boonsongpaisansaid that the country should enjoy more opportunities toincrease shipments to Singapore as the city-state is one of thehigh-potential markets for chicken and many other products.

Singapore had earlier stopped buying frozen andprocessed chicken from Thailand because of the bird-fluoutbreak there.

Niwatthumrong said, “Singapore now has high confidenceto import frozen chicken from Thailand as it acknowledges ourhigh sanitary standards. It will help facilitate more imports offrozen chicken from Thailand to increase trade.”

Singapore is also reportedly considering allowing import offrozen pork from Thailand.

Thailand has also been encouraging Singapore to invest inthe swine feeding and processing business in the country sothat it could be used as a hub for production and export tothird countries.

Singapore lifts ban on chicken imports from Thailand

China beef imports in Septembersurpasses all records


AUSTRALIA IS ON its way to become thelargest exporter of beef and lamb in 2013.

The country has already reached arecord monthly export of 20,825 tonnes, up12 per cent than October 2012.

“They are going to smash it — it’s just amatter of by how much,” Meat and LivestockAustralia chief market analyst Tim McRaesaid this week.

Australian beef and veal exportsreportedly jumped 11 per cent to 104,074tonnes, with shipments exceeding 100,000tonnes for the third month this year.

McRae said that beef exports weretracking about 15 per cent above last year’srecord 963,799 tonnes.

Earlier in the year MLA forecast 2013beef exports at 995,000 tonnes. McRae saidwith dry conditions across northern Australiaand parts of NSW more cattle were beingkilled at lower prices which is keepingproduct more competitive in overseasmarkets.

Year-to-date cattle slaughter numbers areabout 900,000 head above this time lastyear, he said.

Mr McRae also added that China mayovercome Korea as Australia’s third-biggestbeef market this year.

Australian Lot Feeders Association chiefexecutive Dougal Gordon said demand forgrain-fed cattle was holding up well in China,the European Union and the Middle East, aswell as the more traditional markets ofJapan, Korea and the US.

Meanwhile, chief minister of Australia’sNorthern Territory Adam Giles met with thePrime Minister of Vietnam Nguyen Tan Dungwith a mission to expand the live cattle trade.

Vietnam has imported around 40,000cattle from northern Australia in the last18 months alone.

Giles said that he hoped to expand onthat, possibly with the export of Australianbuffalo.

“If we can open up the potential buffaloexport industry I think that gives us moretools in the shed to support an increasinglydemanding live cattle export industry,” Mr Giles said.

Possible expansion of the Australian livecattle trade into Vietnam comes asIndonesia moves to solve issues with beefsupply, after a policy of self-sufficiencycaused beef to hit record prices.

Australia likely to become biggest beef and lamb exporter in 2013Australian beef and veal exports reportedly jumped 11 per cent to 104,074 tonnes,

with shipments exceeding 100,000 tonnes for the third month this year

China’s importers are purchasing about asmuch beef every month as they imported

in entire year of 2011


9

Events

THE SEVENTH INTERNATIONAL Rice Genetics Symposium met withan enormous success at the 2013 meet that was held in November atthe Dusit Thani Hotel in Manila, Philippines. The International RiceResearch Institute (IRRI) was the organiser of the event.The event is a rice research event providing learning and networkingplatform for researchers, experts and representatives from the publicand private sectors to come together to share their expertise onissues related to rice genetics.IRRI plant breeding, genetics and biotechnology division head EeroNissila said, “Rice genetics is all about understanding the genes ofrice so that we can develop new and improved rice varieties to helpfarmers produce more rice, with fewer resources and despitechallenges like climate change.“The seventh International Rice Genetics Symposium is a uniqueplace for scientists and scholars to present the results of their geneticresearch for the first time, so that attendees can learn the absolutelatest research before it is made public elsewhere. This helps us tospeed up our shared understanding of rice genetics and advance ourresearch to benefit the world.”Leading experts and researchers in rice breeding and genetics,genomics, genetic resources and evolution, pathology, and grainquality facilitated sessions and delivered talks at the event.A series of interactive business and educational activities were alsoplanned for participants including, themed plenary and concurrentsessions, poster presentations, and a ‘Meet the Experts’ session.

COME APRIL 2014, the industry will see the biggest feed & grain exhibitions

in Bangkok.

FIAAP, VICTAM and GRAPAS will be held as part of one event serving

South and Southeast Asia. These three co-located trade shows for the

animal feed and grain processing industries will all take place under one

roof. The shows will take place at the BITEC exhibition centre in Bangkok

from 8–10 April 2014.

FIAAP, the feed ingredient and additive exhibition, has grown since

2012. Major international companies that supply these low volume high

cost ingredients will be displaying their latest products, many of which will

enable feed formulators and nutritionists to source more cost effective/

alternative base ingredients for their feed formulations.

While FIAAP will profile the ingredients and additives used within the

formulation of safe and cost effective animal feeds, VICTAM will be a

premier event for the sophisticated technology that is required in the

processing and manufacturing animal feed. VICTAM is also the industry

showpiece event for biomass pelleting technology.

At the GRAPAS exhibition, rice millers, flour millers and grain processors

will also find solutions as there will be a wide range of equipment and

services applicable for these industry sectors. The latest milling technology

will be on show as well as the ancillary systems that are required in these

mills and of course feed mills. The show will also profile noodle, breakfast

cereals and extruded snack production. Around 170 exhibitors from 22

different countries have already confirmed their presence.

www.viv.net

April 23 - 25, 2014Bangalore, India

May 20 - 22, 2014Utrecht, the Netherlands

September 23 - 25, 2014Beijing, China

VIV India 2014

VIV Europe 2014

VIV China 2014

March 11 - 13, 2015Bangkok, Thailand

May 19 - 21, 2015Moscow, Russia

June 11 - 13, 2015 Istanbul, Turkey

VIV Asia 2015

VIV Russia 2015

VIV Turkey 2015

Strategic Partnership for the organization of WPC 2016 andVIV China 2016 in Beijing.

VIV Worldwide Calendar2014 - 2015

FIAAP, VICTAM and GRAPAS set to return in April 2014

Rice Genetics Symposium successful


S03 FEAG 5 2013 Events_Layout 1 11/18/2013 10:03 AM Page 9

Events

10

THE RECENTLY CONCLUDEDLivestock Asia 2013 Expo & Forum,international feed, livestockproduction and meat industry show,scored resounding success with over7,000 visitors and over 300 nationaland international exhibitors.

Hosted by department ofVeterinary Services, Ministry ofAgriculture and Agro-Based Industry,the forum proved to be an importantplatform for investor, farmers, feedmillers, veterinarian and processors.

Y.B. Dato’ Sri Ismail Sabri BYaakob, minister of Agriculture & Agro-Based Industry, said, “I would liketo compliment Livestock Asia’s ongoing efforts to help develop Malaysia’sand the regional livestock industry, which is a significant contributor to ourGDP, the employment and exports. Our commitment is for a long-termapproach which will require modern technology and solutions, many ofwhich are showcased at Livestock Asia by more than 300 local andinternational exhibitors.”

The 7th edition of the show also awarded individuals andorganisations for their significant contributions to the development of thefeed, livestock and meat sectors with the Malaysian Livestock Industryawards and Asian Livestock Industry awards.

The show also showcased an appealing array innovations andtechnology that provided the visitors, delegates and exhibitors an ideal

platform to seek, engage and gaininsightful solutions and essentialbusiness prospects. The impact offeed additives was huge as the showalso introduced more productiveexotic breeds and treatment toreduce environmental impact oflivestock production.

Apart from the show, conferenceswere held where top industryexperts, professional consultantsand government officials addressedthe livestock issues.

Gina Medina, regional manager,South East Asia of Delacon, Austria, said, “Delacon supports LivestockAsia 2013 as a venue to educate consumers and industry players byproviding awareness to the latest trends and issues in animal production.Through this conferences highlighting on the sustainable solutions inpoultry production such as reduction in antibiotics use, improvements inmeat quality and safety as well as reduction in greenhouse gas emissionfor a better environment today and tomorrow.”

With the tremendous response, it was notably seen that LivestockAsia 2013 Expo & Forum reinforced its position as Asia’s InternationalFeed, Livestock & Meat Industry event with the endorsement fromexhibitors and delegates.

The Livestock Asia 2015 Expo & Forum will now be held from 21-23September 2015 at the same venue.

INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY Agency(IAEA) meet on marine ecosystems inVienna, held in mid-September, focussed onthe increasing stress on marine ecosystemsthat keep the oceans healthy.

Scientists debated about the levels ofacidity rising in the oceans more rapidly thanever observed before. The phenomena maypose risks to all life in the ocean and all whodepend on the oceans.

IAEA director general Yukiya Amano toldparticipants in the IAEA’s Scientific Forum,titled The Blue Planet – Nuclear Applicationsfor a Sustainable Marine Environment, “Indealing with threats to the health of the seas,governments need accurate data. For that,they need skilled researchers who can deviseaccurate models to help predict futureconditions. That way, governments can startimplementing the appropriate strategies toprotect the seas and oceans.

“The IAEA helps to make this possible. Wepromote a comprehensive approach to thestudy, monitoring and protection of marine,coastal and terrestrial ecosystems. Wesupport effective global cooperation toaddress the threats to our oceans.”

The oceans not only produce as much ashalf of the world’s oxygen, they also absorb

more than a quarter of man-made CO2. Thisreduces the greenhouse effect, but it alsoincreases the acidity of seawater, resulting ina hostile environment for calciferousplankton, crustaceans, molluscs and coralreefs. With all parts of the ecosystemconnected, all life in the oceans suffers fromthe increased level of acidity.

The two-day forum, held on the sidelines ofthe IAEA’s annual General Conference, wasdivided into three sessions. The first session

focussed on the pressures faced by thecoastal and marine systems and the need forpartnerships and science to develop targetedresponses. The second session addressedboth radioactive and non-radioactive pollutionof coastal and marine ecosystems, while thethird looked at how nuclear and isotopictechniques improve the understanding ofcoastal processes and their role in sustainabledevelopment, and efforts to build the resilienceof coastal and marine systems.

The oceans not only produce as much as half of the world’s oxygen, they also absorb more thana quarter of man-made CO2

Livestock Asia 2013 Expo & Forum showcases exotic products

Marine ecosystems, the focus of IAEA meet


Livestock Asia 2013 Expo & Forum reinforced its position as Asia’s International Feed, Livestock & Meat Industry event

S03 FEAG 5 2013 Events_Layout 1 11/18/2013 12:31 PM Page 10

11

Events

AGRILIVESTOCK MYANMAR 2013, atradeshow focussed on feed, livestockand agriculture industry boasts of being

the best place for meeting of farmers,agriculturists, equipment and technologysuppliers and agricultural material traders.

The show will be hosted in Myanmar dueto the significance the country holds in termsof rapid growth. Among the key economicgrowth drivers will be the agriculture sector,in particular for the animal husbandry,aquaculture and grain production.

Supported by major industry associationsincluding the Myanmar Livestock Federation,Broiler Association of Yangon, Myanmar RiceMillers Association and the Myanmar RubberPlanters & Producers Association, the event willbe held from 2-4 December 2013 at theTatmadaw Exhibition Hall in Yangon.

Agrilivestock Myanmar 2013 is anintegrated event which will include aninternational exhibition, conference andtechnology workshops.

The event will be the first internationalindustry-focused event in Myanmar that willcomplement the growth of the animalhusbandry, grain and feed production,aquaculture and agriculture sectors. The eventis organised by AMB Events, which has over10 years of experience in organising feed andlivestock exhibitions across Malaysia,Cambodia, Vietnam and Indonesia.

Over 200 of the world's top internationalsuppliers including Pavilions from China,France, Malaysia, Singapore, Taiwan,Thailand and the UK will converge on the

Agrilivestock Myanmar 2013 to showcasethe latest in grain and feed production,animal health, animal husbandry and meatprocessing.

Agrilivestock Myanmarpromises a grand show


Agrilivestock Myanmar2013 is an integrated

event which includes aninternational exhibition,

conference andtechnology workshops.

The event willcomplement the growthof the animal husbandry,

grain and feedproduction, aquacultureand agriculture sectors

More than 200 suppliers from China, France, Malaysia, Singapore,Taiwan, Thailand and the UK will come together at the event

8 - 10 April 2014, Bangkok International Trade & Exhibition Centre (BITEC)Bangkok, Thailand


Events

12

ILDEX MYANMAR, THE first trade show dedicated to livestock, saw asuccessful 2013 edition come to an end recently. The event, held atTatmadaw Hall, has now made its mark as the largest national exhibitionin Myanmar.With 70 exhibitors, country pavilions and loads of conference andseminar, the event attracted more than 2,000 visitors from 18 countriesincluding Thailand, the Netherlands, India, China, South Korea and Japan.Ildex Myanmar 2013 was inaugurated by Ministry of Livestock andFisheries of Myanmar, Myanmar Fisheries Federation, MyanmarLivestock Federation, Union of Myanmar Federation of Chambers ofCommerce and Industry and VIV, the international trade show forlivestock and aquaculture.Companies like Biomin, Vietnam Fishery Department, Asian Agri Biz,China Animal Husbandary Group, etc, participated and expressed

satisfaction at the quality of visitors and their business opportunitiesduring the event.The exhibitor profile included animal health and pharmaceutical products,aquaculture, beef and dairy cattle breeding, feed and feed ingredients,feed additives and premixes, feeding systems, knowledge transfer, pig/poultry breeders, etc.The three-day event also saw number of conferences by companies likeEvonik, Alltech, Big Dutchman, Biomin, Rabobank, etc., on topics rangingfrom Organic feed additives to Farm Financial Mgt & Capital Sourcing.Ildex Myanmar 2013 provided a platform to exhibit innovativetechnologies and identify distribution channels in Myanmar. It also helpedestablish a large business forum for suppliers and distributors and createjob opportunities for veterinarians, livestock and agriculture sector.The next edition, deemed to be bigger and more customised, will be heldfrom 11-13 September 2014 at the same venue.VNU Exhibitions Asia Pacific and Minh Vi Exhibition and Advertisementwill be the co-organisers for the third edition of Ildex Myanmar.The first edition of Ildex Indonesia also saw notable success witharound 120 companies taking part in the exhibition held at JakartaInternational Expo.The exhibition was inaugurated by the deputy minister of agricultureRusman Heryawan and deputy governor of Jakarta Basuki PurnamaCahaya. Various domestic and foreign enterprises included livestockindustry, animal feed, vaccines and veterinary medicines, equipmenthousing, etc.The event’s FAT 2013 theme ‘Chicken & Egg Achievement ImprovingChild Nutrition and the Nation’ was held to focus more on efforts toencourage people who eat more frozen chicken carcasses. About 8,000participated in this event. In addition, a series of technical seminars for the livestock and animalhealth were also held for two days.

Ildex makes its mark as largest livestock exhibition in Myanmar


Top international feed additive and animalnutrition brands, including Adisseo, RangePharma, Zagro and Dr Eckel will join theexhibitors froma round the world including BigDutchman, Biomin, Stolz, Awila, Astino,Altuntas, Zheng Chang, Ottevanger, MuyangGroup, Pristine Dynamics, Phytobiotics,Osmosis, Moba, Stif Asia, Idah Machinery, AsiaVeterinary, Petersime, Citoforte, EON Group,SHT Engineering, Buhler, Pas Reform, LLK

Agro, Vreugdenhill, Prinzen, SYK Engineering,Dexchem, Plasindo Bhama, ADEPTA, NamPharma, Vostermans, Beijing Smile, HangzhouKing, XinFuTai, British Pig Association, YunfengIncubator and many more.

Biomin Singapore regional director EdwardManchester said, “We are looking forward tosupporting our Myanmar custormers atAgrilivestock 2013. WE are sure that this willprove to be an exciting event and provide a

great platform for interaction with key industryplayers.” The company is among one of thebrands in the sector taking part in the event topromote its animal nutrition products.

Japfa, one of the largest integrators inMyanmar has also confirmed its participationat the show. Japfa said in a statement that itwill reaffirm its support to the development ofthe agriculture and livestock industry inMyanmar. nn

Agrilivestock Myanmar 2013will showcase the latest ingrain and feed production

The event attracted more than 2,000 visitors from 18 countries including India, China, South Korea and Japan


Poultry

13

POULTRY MANAGEMENT IS a vital partof egg production as this ensures goodquality protein in egg yolk and egg

albumen as well as lipids, vitamins, nutrientsand minerals and, therefore, producers mustembrace custom-made layer breeding

According to Rudolph Presinger, atprimary breeder Lohmann Tierzucht GmbHin Germany, for a layer breeding to beeffective, the programme must look at leastfive years down the line in order to gaugefuture demand as well as consumerpreferences and requirements. These willinclude the market and egg characters

sought after by consumers and clearlydiffering between purchasing groups onvarious continents and in constituentcountries.

Equally important, are managementsystems used by poultry producers andchecking whether the birds are raised andmanaged in either traditional cage systems,enriched cage systems or free range. Choicemay simply come down to preference of theproducer but recently enacted EU (EuropeanUnion) legislation outlawing traditional cagesystems means producers in the 27-memberEU nations are restricted in what they do.Such examples of restrictive and strictlyenforced legislation related to bird welfaredoes not, as a general rule, directly affectAsia, but this is something Asian poultryproducers will need to consider if they wantto export eggs to other parts of the worldwhere this type of legislation is in place.

The contemporary EU layer housing and

management requirements, related to birdwelfare and now enshrined in EU legislation,is consumer-led. They were established incountries like Germany many years ago,largely due to consumer pressure, andwhere even stricter and more restrictive lawsrelated to bird welfare may now be in place.

Future demand and requirementsEggs almost certainly combine the mostnutritionally effective and economic source ofquality animal protein. This is especially truefor developing countries where the biggest on-going increases in egg production andconsumption are taking place and especially soin countries where the consumption of meatfrom other livestock is restricted. This may bedue to constraints on production (e.g. climate,pests, disease and restricted feed sources),lack of purchasing power for averageconsumers or enforced dietary restrictions dueto religious considerations.

Layer breeding key to better egg productionThe consumer-led markethas pushed poultryproducers to incorporateadvanced methods for betterquality of eggs

Eggs almost certainly combine the most nutritionally effective and economic source of quality animal protein


S04 FEAG 5 2013 Poultry_Layout 1 11/18/2013 10:04 AM Page 13

Poultry

14

Such a combination of factors became onlytoo clear five years ago as HPAI (HighlyPathogenic Avian Influenza) H5N1 started todecimate poultry flocks (layers and broilers)across Bangladesh. Reports from this SouthAsian country suggested mass culling of flocks(both layers and broilers) had a significantnegative impact of the availability andconsumption of quality protein by a significantsection of the population, and therebyimpacting on nutritional health.

The demand for eggs continues to rise in-line with on-going increases in worldpopulation which recently passed the sevenbillion milestone. World population is projectedto increase at a rate of around 80mn per yearfor the foreseeable future. World eggproduction has increased at a rate of onemillion tonne per year since 2005 and isexpected to stand at 75mn tonne by 2015. Inorder to match and satisfy these demands,over 50mn hens are being added to worldflocks each year since 2005, on theassumption that conditions of layermanagement can continue to support thegenetic potential for a 20kg egg massproduced per laying hen per annum.

Current per capita egg consumption and therate of increase, if any, differs significantlybetween continents and countries. Thisdepends on various factors including dietarytradition, purchasing power and the availabilityof other sources of protein rich food. Europeand North America continue to indicate little

potential for growth in egg consumption. Incontrast, Asian countries including China andIndia, as well as Latin America and certaincountries in Africa are predicted and expectedto register considerable growth in consumptionunderpinned by changing consumer habits andespecially for educated urban communitieswith increased purchasing power.

Egg preferencePreferences for particular egg characteristicssuch as shell colour and egg size differmarkedly between countries and also betweendefined groups of consumers within a singlecountry. Japan, unlike equivalent developedeconomies and countries in Europe, hasmaintained one of the world’s highest levels ofquality egg consumption at 300 eggs percapita for many decades. The Japanesecustom of cracking and pouring a raw egg overa bowl of rice for breakfast goes a long way toexplain this continued demand as well as theJapanese focus on quality — usually white-

shelled eggs of superior internal quality andguaranteed free from contamination withSalmonella bacteria.

Japan is not the only country to have adistinct preference for white-shelled eggs.White-shelled eggs are also preferred in Northand Central America, Middle East, India,Taiwan and the Philippines. On the otherhand, brown-shelled eggs are preferred in mostof Latin America and in Europe. You have tosearch hard in the United Kingdom to findwhite-shelled eggs on sale. Tinted eggs frombirds which are crosses between WhiteLeghorns and various brown-egg breeds arealso popular in Japan and China but not socommon in Europe.

Coping with changeLayer breeding has demonstrated aremarkable ability to cope with newchallenges posed by significant changes inconsumer demand and requirements. Withsuitably timed and significant changes in

The on-going rate of genetic progress in egg production efficiency appears to be even greater than it was 20 years ago

Pho

togr

aph:


The demand for eggs continues to rise in line with on-going increases in world population which recently

passed the seven billion milestone.World eggproduction has increased at a rate of one million tonneper year since 2005 and is expected to stand at 75mn

tonne by 2015


Poultry

15

breeding technique and outcome, the layerbreeding industry has maintained its edgeover the last fifty years. Increased eggproduction and enhanced feed efficiency aswell as meeting changing consumerpreferences and increasing demand for highegg quality underpin the continued successin this sector of the world poultry industry.

In the absence of these geneticimprovements, alongside improvements inpoultry nutrition, pests and disease andgeneral poultry rearing and management, theindustry could not have achieved andmaintained its current standing in the worldfood market. Focus must remain onmaximising the genetic potential of layers toproduce high quality protein at competitivecost, while at the same time taking on-boardevolving requirements of the egg industry asdictated by cost competitiveness, changingconsumer habits and also public opinion inrelation to both egg quality and bird welfare.

Primary poultry breeders must look beyondcurrent requirements and predict theopportunities alongside the demands placedupon them for at least five years down theline. Good communication between breedersand distributors is essential so that newbreeds are introduced at the right time toobtain immediate maximum benefit fromchanging markets.

An overview of the global industry showshow different markets require diverseperformance profiles from within the entiretyof commercial layer breeds. This dictates theneed for wide gene pools with large elite linesthat can be combined and integrated togenerate strain crosses with specific attributesto meet specific market requirements.

The development and maintenance ofnew lines, testing, selection and reproductionof primary stocks will necessarily mean largefixed costs in the operation and a high levelof expertise in quantitative genetics, as wellas sound internal organisation to keep trackof the availability of different sub-lines forniche markets. Close communicationbetween primary breeders and localdistributors on genetic developments,marketing and technical support is essential.Without this, it will be impossible to providethe best possible service to producers and tofully benefit from changing consumer marketrequirements.

Molecular biology: A big stepAdvances in molecular biology enable noveltechniques to be used in genetic selection.Through the use of informative geneticmarkers, geneticists can promptly identifyindividuals and families with specialcharacteristics and thereby acceleratetraditional rates of improvement in eggproduction and quality as well as layer

behaviour. These innovations in biotechnologycontinue to complement traditionalperformance testing and evaluation methodsbased on phenotypic selection indexes ofproduction, efficiency and quality parameters.

The capacity to combine all availableperformance records from relatives in multiplegenerations, locations and housing systemsrequires powerful computer programmes, butwhen achieved ensure that the best malesand females are selected and mated toproduce the next generation. DNA analysis isproviding extra information for combined usewith traditional breeding to select males at anearlier age and to differentiate among fullbrothers, which prior to the availability ofDNA analysis recorded identical breedingvalues. Performance testing and genome wideanalysis in combination offers a promisingtool for the development of new strain crosseswith performance profiles custom-designed tomeet specific requirements.

The on-going rate of genetic progress inegg production efficiency appears to be evengreater than it was 20 years ago. Enhancedstructure and increased size of breedingpopulations and application of new testingand recording technologies, alongside morepowerful computer systems for breedingvalue estimation, have all contributed to themore effective and efficient use of availablegenetic variation. Therefore, enhancedgenetic potential of laying hens cannot befully exploited unless there is on-farm hands-on management, which includes diseasecontrol and proper nutrition, and keepingpace with the new gene technologies. nn

By Dr Terry Mabbett

Focus must remain on maximising the genetic potential of layers to produce high quality protein at competitive costs

Pho

togr

aph:


Enhanced geneticpotential of laying hens

cannot be fullyexploited unless there is

on-farm hands-onmanagement, which

includes disease controland proper nutrition


16 FAR EASTERN AGRICULTURE Issue Five 2013 | www.fareasternagriculture.com

A RESEARCH HAS revealed the chicken could benefit from thegrowing biofuels industry, feeding on the proteins retrieved from thefermenters used to brew bioethanol.It is a fact that the yeasty broth left over after bioethanol production isnutritious, but it has taken a collaboration between Nottingham TrentUniversity and AB Agri, the agricultural division of Associated BritishFoods, to prove that Yeast Protein Concentrate (YPC) can beseparated from the fibrous cereal matter.The researchers have also shown that YPC may be a cost-competitivesubstitute for imported soya-based and similar high-value protein feedscurrently used in the diets of chickens bred for meat production,Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council-funded report said.With Dr Emily Burton of Nottingham Trent University, biofuelspioneer Dr Pete Williams of AB Agri, established the nutritional valueof the concentrate. The composition of the newly isolated, patentedYPC in a series of experiments, showed that it can be readilydigested by chickens. Dr Burton said that the work is only just beginning: “Bioethanol isalready a 60bn litre per year global market but this project shows thefuel itself is only half the story – immense value lies within other co-product streams too. As well as the proteins, the yeast contentprovides important vitamins and other micronutrients.”Produced by distilling and fermenting wheat and other agriculturalfeedstocks, bioethanol has particular potential for use as a petrolsubstitute. Currently, the dried distiller’s grains with solubles (DDGS)generated as a co-product are sold to the cattle-feed market but thisis not big enough to absorb all material that would be generated ifbioethanol production ramps up significantly in future.

Dr Burton said that the project helps address an issue often raised inconnection with cereal-based biofuelsThe new, patented process separates DDGS into three fractions – fibre,a watery syrup and YPC, allowing global production of almost threemillion tonnes of supplementary high-quality protein per annumalongside current levels of bioethanol produced. A project at a USbioethanol facility is now up and running, demonstrating theperformance of the process at factory scale.Every year, 48bn chickens are reared for meat production worldwide.As well as helping to feed these birds, YPC could partially replace thefish meal used on commercial fish farms.

Biofuel byproduct benefits chickens with protein and vitamins, says study

The YPC may be a cost-competitive substitute for imported proteinfeeds used in the diets of chickens bred for meat production

SCIENTISTS HAVE, AFTER a decade of research,

identified a blood enzyme that could give

breeders a tool to screen birds for susceptibility to

the green muscle disease.

Elevated levels of the enzyme, creatine kinase,

can signal muscle breakdown and damage. In

humans, high levels of the enzyme in the blood

can be indicators of heart attack, muscular

dystrophy, acute renal failure and other serious

muscle conditions. In broilers, they indicate the

development of green muscle disease.

The green muscle disease is a degenerative

condition of broiler chickens’ minor pectoral

muscles, or tenders, that causes the muscle

tissue to bruise. The discolored tissue is not

discovered until processing and deboning. Then

it must be trimmed and discarded, costing the

US poultry industry an estimated US$50mn a

year in losses.

Also of concern to the industry is the

occurrence of green muscle disease in birds,

because the condition is rarely detected during

processing, resulting in consumer complaints.

Poultry science professor Joe Hess said the

condition is caused by sudden, excessive wing

flapping, especially one to two days before slaughter.

“If you have a house full of chickens and

there’s a sudden loud noise or other

environmental stressor, they're going to get

agitated and start flapping their wings. If it’s late

in the growing season, that’s when the damage

occurs,” said Hess.

During wing movement, blood flow increases to

a bird’s major and minor pectorals, or breast

muscles, causing the tissues to swell. Though the

swelling doesn’t affect the larger breast fillet

muscle, the tender has a more rigid covering and is

confined to a tighter space. The swelling so

compresses the muscle that the blood supply is cut

off and the tissue bruises.

Researcher Roger Lien perfected a

technique, ‘encouraged wing flapping,’ to

assess birds’ susceptibility to the condition and

determine factors that contribute to

development. Using that procedure, the

scientists have found that broiler strains bred

for higher breast-meat yields and those

marketed at heavier weight, such as male birds,

are more likely to develop the disease.

They also found correlations between

temperature and disease incidence.

“Cool to normal temperatures are periods of

rapid growth, and broilers that get agitated during

those periods have a greater likelihood of muscle

damage,” said Hess.

Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station

scientists have determined that encouraged wing

flapping and creatine kinase levels could be used

as tools in genetic selection programs to screen

for green muscle disease susceptibility.

Enzyme discovered that detects green muscle disease in poultry

The disease causes muscle breakdown anddamage in poultry

Poultry

S05 FEAG 5 2013 Livestock_Layout 1 11/18/2013 10:06 AM Page 16

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Livestock

17

THE USE OF algae, particularly marine algae, as an animal feedhas increased eight per cent each year for the past 30 years,according to experts.

Algae cultivation is very promising as they do not need fertilisers,freshwater or pesticides and require on average one-sixth of the surfaceneeded by terrestrial plants. In contrast with terrestrial plants that drawnutrients from their roots, algae absorb nutrients from their entire surfacegreatly increasing productivity. Moreover, their colloidal structure, whichallows greater water retention.

The Earth has seven production basins of brown seaweed, with Asiabeing at 75 per cent and Northern Europe coming last with only two percent of world production. The required conditions for the cultivation ofseaweed are cold water with no ice. Nevertheless, the real challenge isto establish a viable seaweed industry and bring the development ofseaweed cultivation within regional development.

In the animal feed industry, seaweed meals are increasingly used asa dietary supplement, but seaweed extracts still remain quiteinaccessible economically. Algae can be used as a functional fibrecomplementary to other prebiotics, according to evidence from Frenchresearchers. In other roles, algae are used in small quantities over a

short period of time, often as a supportive measure. This is the casewith lithothame and fossil calciferous algae, which has a structure ofcalcium carbonate and magnesium.

Algae to become pig feedThe sector of algae cultivation is poised to bean impressive market in near future

Algae do not need fertilisers and have greater water retention capabilities



Livestock

18

Health propertiesCurrent research has focused on the immunestimulation action and anti-inflammatoryeffects of marine sulfated polysaccharides(MSP). Depending on the type ofpolysaccharide, there is a general positiveaction on innate immunity, with differentmechanisms of cell recognition and manytypes of pathways (activation of thecomplement, of the lymphocytes, production ofcytokines). There have been reports on positiveantiviral effects, regulation of inflammationprocess, significant anticoagulant propertiesand anti-tumoral activity.

Algae and animal feedSeveral projects in France are working towarddeveloping processes to make algaecultivation economically viable as an animalfeed, in the same terms as wheat and corn.The next step after seaweed farming isoffshore marine aquaculture with shellfishand seaweed culture on the same site likeopen ocean aquaculture.

Further research is needed to reduce theobstacle represented by the high-fibreconcentration and improve proteindigestibility to transform seaweed into ananimal feed ingredient. By mixing several

species, the final product can be a nearly‘complete diet’ as long as there is enoughcontrol of the conditions of biomassproduction. However, significant variationsof chemical composition of seaweedactually make their use currentlychallenging, hence the necessity for furtherresearch. Regarding microalgae, operating

conditions are even more complex, whichmakes them cost prohibitive. Microalgae fatcontent is particularly suitable for thebiodiesel industry, and many projects arebeing set up to develop this variety for usein animal nutrition. nn

Wattagnet.com

The nutritional value of algae is augmented by the abundancein minerals, fibre, proteins, vitamins and lipids


WEDA, SPECIALISTS FOR pig house equipment from Lutten, andKassel University have developed a new kind of ‘manipulable’toys for piglets and fattening pigs. By means of the rooting conesand pushing balls of bite-resistant and food-safe polyurethane,mounted to floor and brackets, the animals can be kept busy forconsiderable amount of time.Scientific evidence have shown that boredom in pigs could leadthem to harm themselves and each other.Tested in various pig houses, the animals’ dealing with the coneshas until now shown consistently positive results, and behaviourpatterns like tail-biting were reduced due to the satisfied rooting

instinct. This is mainly relevant against the background of the factthat from 2016 onwards the prohibition of tail cropping will makeits entry into German pig houses.According to studies on pig behaviour, it has a definite toypreference. If a ball rolls into the manure, the pig will no longerplay with it. This is why suspended toys are better. However, scientific findings also prove the practical suitability ofthe toys. In test groups with rooting cones, the animals used thecone significantly more frequently than the animal in thecomparison group with the classical chain or ball. Consequently,the atmosphere in the rooting cone groups is clearly more tranquilthan in the comparison groups, the result being that here, too, theinjuries have clearly visibly declined. The results of this so-called“screening” (visible scratch marks) have been fully taken intoaccount during product development..The rooting cone improves animal wellbeing for piglets (60 mmdiameter) and fattening animals (80 mm diameter). For this, theballs are mounted on a stable plastic ground plate with flexiblemetal springs. Fixed that way, the movements of the balls ensurevariety and resistance so that the animals remain in the centre ofthe house and do not evade into the corners.The pushing balls were developed in direct connection with therooting cones. “We were well aware of the demand of pig farmersfor suitable manipulable material, especially for the farrowingsection and service station”, explains Ralf Meyer, WEDA’sdevelopment manager.The pushing balls are available in ¾-inch and 1-inch and can beinstalled at the pipes of the farrowing cages or feeding/restingpens without the necessity to remove the equipment.

Toys that ensure pigs’ ‘well-being’

The rooting cone improves animal wellbeingfor piglets and fattening pigs


Livestock

19

FERMENTED SOYBEAN MEAL and enzyme-treated soybean mealmay replace fish meal in weanling pig diets, a study hasrevealed. The fermentation and enzyme treatment process helps

remove some of the anti-nutritional factors found in traditional soybeanmeal and other compounds that are not easily digested by youngpigs.“The price of fish meal has exploded and is causing producers tosearch for new options for weanling pig diets. Pigs are traditionally feddiets containing relatively large amounts of animal proteins such asfish meal from weaning up to 18kg when they can digest traditionalsoybean meal,” said Hans H. Stein of the University of Illinois.

Animal proteins such as milk products, blood products, fish meal,chicken meal, and poultry by-product meal are usually used as aminoacid sources in diets for weanling pigs because the nutrients in theseingredients are highly digestible and because they do not contain theanti-nutritional factors that are present in conventional soybean meal.Due to the cost of animal protein sources, other alternatives have beeninvestigated. One alternative is soybean meal which has beenfermented to destroy anti-nutritional factors and increase proteindigestibility. Fermented soybean meal (FSBM) may partly replace milkand blood proteins in diets fed to weanling pigs from seven to 21 dayspost-weaning.

Controlling costsStein said that these new sources of soybean meal might be theanswer producers are looking for to keep costs down withoutsacrificing digestibility of important amino acids.

“In our study, we measured the digestibility of amino acids inthese two new sources of soybean meal in comparison to fish meal,casein and soy protein isolate. “We observed that enzyme-treatedsoybean meal has even better digestibility of amino acids thanconventional soybean meal. It appears the enzyme treatmentincreases digestibility,” he said.

Stein added that with the high cost of fish meal and concerns aboutits future availability, these were two good options for weanling pigdiets. “They are comparable in digestibility to soy protein isolate, thegold standard protein source that is only used in human nutrition.”

Stein and his team, in future, will conduct more research onfermented soybean meal and enzyme-treated soybean meal to look atthe digestibility of energy and phosphorus. They also plan to conductperformance studies so they can fine-tune inclusion rates. nn

Fermented soybean betterthan other feed for pigsTreated soymeal improves protein digestibilityin weanling pigs, and being cost-effectivealso ensures more availability

Conventional soybean meal contains anti-nutritional factors and delay digesting process




Livestock

GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS from livestock

could be cut by up to 30 per cent if farmers adopt

better techniques without having to overhaul

entire production systems, according to a UN

Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) study.

The FAO said that the emissions associated

with livestock added up to 7.1 gigatonnes (GT) of

carbon dioxide equivalent per year or 14.5 per

cent of all human-caused greenhouse releases.

The latest report Tackling climate change

through livestock said the main sources of

emissions are feed production and processing (45

per cent of the total), outputs of greenhouse

gases during digestion by cows (39 per cent), and

manure decomposition (10 per cent). The

remainder is attributable to the processing and

transportation of animal products.

In its report Livestock’s Long Shadow seven

years ago, the FAO said global meat production

was responsible for 18 per cent of greenhouse

gas emissions — a little more than all of the

world’s cars, trains and planes combined.

Environmentalists and, in particular, vegetarian

advocacy groups have cited the figure ever since

as a key reason to reduce meat consumption.

Experts said the new figure was based on a

revised modelling framework and updated data,

using new guidelines from the

Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.

“The absolute volume of emissions is very similar

to 2006, even with the revised framework,” said

Pierre Gerber, senior policy officer with the FAO.

For the estimates, the FAO carried out

detailed analysis of emissions at different stages

of livestock supply chains, including the

production and transport of animal feed, on-farm

energy use and emissions from animal digestion

and manure decay, as well as post-slaughter

transport, refrigeration and packaging of animal

products. “These new findings show that the

potential to improve the sector’s environmental

performance is significant — and that realising

that potential is indeed doable,” said Ren Wang,

FAO assistant director general for agriculture and

consumer protection.

The report emphasised that improvements

can be made within existing production

systems and called for wider adoption of best

practices and technologies in feeding, health

and husbandry, and manure management — as

well as greater use of underused technologies.

Biogas generators and energy-saving devices

could help the global livestock sector cut its

outputs of global warming gases by up to 30

per cent by becoming more efficient and

reducing energy waste.

The FAO said better-quality feed, improved

breeding and good animal health helped to

shrink the unproductive part of the herd. Many of

the actions the FAO recommended to improve

efficiency and reduce greenhouse gas emissions

would also boost production.

The greatest potential for cuts in emissions

are in low-productivity livestock systems in

south Asia, Latin America and Africa.

RESEARCHERS AT THE University of Glasgow have identified thegenetic basis for at least one form of pesticide resistance in the cattletick Rhipicephalus microplus, an important parasite of cattle in thetropics and sub-tropics. This could assist farmers in making tick-contro decisions.Populations of these ticks have developed resistance to Amitraz, awidely used acaricide for controlling the pests and reduced rate ofgrowth and death. It also causes anaemia in cattle. Using DNA testing, they found that treatment with Amitraz increasedthe frequency of a particular gene mutation while also increasing theprevalence of resistance to Amitraz. According to an article from Phys.org, about 80 per cent of cattlearound the world are exposed to the cattle tick, with a global cost oftick-borne diseases and control measures estimated to be morethan US$6bn annually. In their report, published in the Proceedings of the National Academyof Sciences, the researchers describe the evolution of Amitrazresistance in replicated populations of ticks in the field, usingdivergent selection pressures with Amitraz. They also demonstrateda close association between resistance to Amitraz and a specificallele of the adrenergic octopamine receptor gene, which, they say,confers resistance to pesticide.This research paves the way for a new genetic test for resistance thatwill help farmers to make management decisions for the control ofticks as well as enable empirical studies on field and laboratorypopulations of ticks to test the effectiveness of resistancemanagement strategies.

GARLIC CAN BE used as a fish dietary supplement to keep parasitesat bay, according to a study.

Researchers from James Cook University in Australia said that theparasites like monogenean flat-worm, Neobenedenia sp, can severelycompromise the welfare of fish farmed though aquaculture.

In a serious of experiments, barramundi on the fish farms were fedgarlic enriched diets of varying concentration for 30 days before beingexposed to the flat worm parasite. Half of the fish who given the garlicfeed were completely free of infection while the Barramundi fed agarlic-free diet became infected with parasites.

Thane Militz of JCU’s MarineParasitology Laboratory, said,“Research has demonstrated thatfeeding fish garlic significantlyimproves their immune system.”

He also added that an additionalunexpected outcome of the study wasthat the fish seem to love garlic. Aconsistent trend among all studies wasthose fish offered the garlic enricheddiets ate more. “With most commercialtreatments the fish simply spit the

medicated feed pellets out once they get a taste, we had quite theopposite result with our garlic enriched feed.”

Militz added that garlic offered a huge potential as a general anti-prasitic agent that can easily be administered on-site at anaquaculture operation.

Fish offered garlic-enricheddiet ate more, study showed

Better farming techniques can help cut greenhouse gas emission

Study finds tick gene responsible forresistance against pesticide in cattle

Garlic in fish diet can stave offparasites, study finds

The main sources of emissions are feed productionand processing of livestock


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21

MAIZE, COMMONLY CALLED corn, isone of the world’s most widelygrown cereals. Its worldwide

distribution and competitive price, relative toother cereals, provides the industry with awider range of crop processing options and amuch broader spectrum of applications inhuman food and livestock feed, comparedwith all other cereals like wheat.

There are many countries in the developingworld where maize is a main staple food withper capita human consumption of thecommodity reaching very high levels.

Maize can be processed into variousproducts for a wide range of end-use whetherat village level or on an industrial orcommercial scale. A large proportion of themaize-based food and food products consumedare still obtained by processing the cerealaccording to traditional methods, although bulkdemand for maize is increasingly satisfied byindustrial processing.

However, there are significant changesafoot with some drift back to small scaleprocessing of maize utilising simple user-friendly processing machinery, includinghullers and equipment for wet and dry milling,alongside larger parallel industrialdevelopments. Commercial maize processingmills producing brewer’s grits, maize flour andmaize meal will typically operate alongside

small-scale village enterprises producingsignificant volumes of maize-based food andproducts for human consumption. The range ofmaize types and varieties is equally huge andversatile and includes both local types grownby small farmers and newer commercial hybridvarieties by commercial growers.

There are basic foundation reasons whymaize is so versatile in cereal processing anduse. Both traditional and commercial maizeproducts are based on specific endospermproperties and quality parameters exhibited bythe maize grains used. Quality factorsinfluencing and determining suitability andselection of maize varieties for particularprocessing, application and uses includechemical, physical, biochemical, physico-chemical, organoleptic and rheologicalproperties. Many of these properties can beinfluenced and manipulated in favour of theprocessor through maize breeding and otheragronomic practices.

The three main uses of maize are as astaple food for human consumption, feedinga wide range of livestock including poultry,pigs and cattle (as grain or silage) and as araw material for making industrial chemicalsincluding bioethanol. In industrialisedcountries, the biggest proportion of themaize crop is traditionally earmarked forfeeding farm livestock.

In direct contrast, the huge bulk of maizegrown in developing countries is used insmall scale production of human food,although in some countries an increasingproportion is finding its way into feedproduction where surpluses allow. The texturetypes of maize grain utilised are flint, dent,floury or of intermediate endosperm texture,with both white and yellow coloured maizegrain varieties.

Maize for livestock feedMaize is the feed grain most widely used inlivestock rations but less so in developingcountries, where use of maize as a humanfood staple still receives top priority. Maize isthe key energy source in feed for a wide rangeof livestock including poultry, pigs and largeruminants. It can be fed directly or used toformulate finished feed. Maize is unrivalled byother cereals in offering a very high efficiencyof conversion of dry feed ingredient into meat,milk and eggs. Maize has the highest netenergy content with the lowest protein andfibre content. Maize is highly palatable andlivestock readily consume maize rations.Protein rations for poultry and other livestockare boosted using soya meal and other highprotein ingredients.

Maize grain can be fed to animals fresh orafter some degree of processing through drying

Maize has the highest net energy contentwith the lowest protein and fibre content


Maize processing methodsMaize holds a lot of significance as part of both human food and livestock feedingredient. Here is a look at the ways of maize processing

S06 FEAG 5 2013 Crop_Layout 1 11/18/2013 10:09 AM Page 21

Crops

22

and milling, followed by compounding andthorough mixing with other feed ingredients.The mixture thus obtained can be fed directlyor be further formulated into a specific productwith physical properties and compositioncustom-designed to target animals. By-products of industrial wet-and dry-milling ofmaize are widely used in livestock feed.

Use of maize as livestock feed is stillrelatively low in Asia compared withindustrialised countries like the United Stateswhere over 80 per cent of the maize grown istraditionally used in animal feed. That said, the‘biofuel’ boom in which maize grain is nowused on an increasingly large scale to fermentbioethanol could see this proportion continueto come down. The on-going rapid rise inAsian poultry production and consumption isthe main factor responsible for increasingamounts of maize diverted from direct humanconsumption to animal feed.

Industrial processing of maizefor foodIndustrial utilisation of maize can beconveniently broken down into wet milling anddry milling. Maize processing essentiallyseparates the grain into germ, hull andendosperm components. These fractions arefurther processed into a wide range of maizeproducts used as base ingredients for food andnon-food functions.

Wet millingMain maize food products sourced from the wetmilling industry are corn starch, corn syrup,high fructose syrup, dextrose, corn oil andvarious by-products used for livestock feed.Corn starch is an increasingly importantproduct mainly used in the thickening andstabilization of other ingredients. Many

different forms and types of corn starch can beproduced, each best suited for a particularfunction in the food manufacturing industry.For instance corn starch products are requiredin the manufacture of baking powder, preparedmixes, candies, baking goods and puddings.Highest use of corn syrup is in theconfectionery industry, followed by baking anddairy product manufacture.

High fructose corn syrup is used in a broadrange of food manufacturing industriesincluding confectionery baking, non-alcoholicsweet beverages, condiments (ketchup andpickles) and syrups. Biggest single use formaize dextrose is in baking where it is utilisedas nutrient for yeast fermentation, as asweetener and for pastry crust browning.Other significant users of dextrose areconfectionery manufacturers, canning andfrozen food industries and the beverageindustry, both alcoholic and non-alcoholic.Corn oil is used for production ofsalad/cooking oils and margarine.

Dry millingThe main maize products derived from drymilling are maize meal, flour and maize grits,along with maize oil and various by-productsused for animal feed. The endosperm fractionsgenerated during dry milling are characterizedand classified by the dimensions and sizedistributions of their particles. These willdetermine composition and therefore potentialuse. Characterizations and classifications are:• Grit fractions (1.2-0.6mm) used for many

different types of food both traditional andcommercial including imitation rice and cornflakes worldwide. Brewer’s grits are used inbeer production.

• Maize meal (0.6-0.2mm) is commonly usedin meal mixes, maize bread, maize muffinsand some extruded maize snack products.

• Maize flour (< 0.2mm) is a widely used andsought after ingredient for pancake mixes,baby foods, cookies, biscuits, ice creamcones, ready-to-eat cereals, batter breading mixes, and binders for loaf-typesandwich meats. Maize flour can be pre-gelatinised and used in compounding highnutrient mixes like corn-soy-milk and corn-soy-blend. nn

By Dr Terry Mabbett

Maize is the key energy source in feedfor a wide range of livestock including

poultry, pigs and large ruminants


There are many countriesin the developing worldwhere maize is a mainstaple food, with per

capita humanconsumption of the

commodity reaching veryhigh levels

Use of maize as livestock feed is still relativelylow in Asia as compared with industrialised

countries like the US


GLOBAL BIOFUEL PRODUCTION hasgrown sevenfold since 2000, and todaybiofuels provide three per cent of road

fuel transport by energy basis. Energy is a major economic factor in

production, processing and transportation ofagricultural crops which form the staple diet ofa large proportion of our people. Therefore,fossil fuel oil reserves will deplete in time andcarbon tax, imposed worldwide on fossil fuels,will increase the cost of these fuels. The searchfor alternative fuels which promise energyconservation, efficiency, environmentalprotection and sustainable development issubsequently on.

To date, food crops like corn, sugar, andvegetable oil have been the primary source ofbiodiesels for transportation, but increased useof these fuels has also created rising foodprices and food price volatility, and acceleratedexpansion of agriculture in the tropics. Futurebiodiesel production should be sourced fromcrop feedstocks such as Moringa, Pongamiaand Castor that can be grown on marginal landunder ideal climatic conditions in Asia, Africaand America.

Highly valued by the ancient Roman, Greekand Egyptian civilizations, the economically-viable Moringa can contribute to the ever-growing energy needs across the globe. Thiswill ensure establishment of a sustainablebiodiesel industry that will not compete forland and other resources with the rest of theagricultural sector that produces food and fibre.In addition, sustainable biodiesel productionwill rely significantly on the capacity to runeconomically viable and profitable operationsthat will be resilient to fluctuations in fossil andnon-fossil fuel prices, and government policiesin relation to renewable energy and carbonemission reductions.

With years of continuing research,experiments and trials has provided an adageto find and develop sustainable second-generation biodiesel feedstock with low costinput technology. In the search for moreenvironmentally-friendly fuels, the use ofMoringa oil as ‘biodiesel’ has proven to havetechnical and ecological benefits, and standsas an opportunity for agricultural developmentin arid and impoverished areas throughout thetropics and sub-tropics globally. Besides

reducing life-cycle emissions because of itshigh oil content (40 per cent), Moringa hasrelatively high crop yield and no competitionwith food crops.

The Moringa tree is native to India andgrown in tropical and sub-tropical regionsacross Asia, Africa and South America. It isalso grown as an ornamental tree in the US.

Moringa investors and crop researchinstitutes are continuously studying modernhigh-yielding varieties developed by breedingprogrammes, under ideal climatic conditions.Experts at Center for Jatropha Promotion &Biodiesel (CJP) are pursuing the uniquesuitability of all parts of the plant for a widerange of practical purposes ranging fromagricultural to medicinal to fuel.

UsesThe seeds contain about 35–40 per cent oil.This oil is of excellent quality, similar to oliveoil, and is slow to become rancid. It is used asa fuel for cooking purposes and burnt for lightin developing countries.

The press-cake remaining after oil extractionhas been shown to retain the active ingredientsfor coagulation, making it a marketablecommodity as a flocculent. It can be used as aquick and simple method for cleaning dirty riverwater in developing countries.

Crops

23

Moringa can fulfill globalbiodiesel demand

Native to Asia, economically-viable Moringa can contribute tothe ever-growing energy needs across the globe

Moringa tree is now being “rediscovered”in many areas of the globe

Pho

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In fact, Moringa oleifera has beencompared to alum in its effectiveness atremoving suspended solids from turbid water.It can also be used to harvest algae fromwaste water, currently an expensive processusing centrifuges. The press-cake alsocontains high levels of protein and makes anexcellent stockfeed or a good fertilizer for usein agriculture.

Carbon CreditLife cycle analysis of biodiesel produced fromMoringa showed that the greenhouse gasesemissions were reduced by 90 per cent whencompared to petroleum diesel. Given thewidespread presence and ease of cultivationof the Moringa oil plant it could be cultivatedin conjunction with subsistence agricultureprogrammes as a potential oilseed feedstockfor biodiesel.

Moringa as a source of biodieselThe oil from the Moringa tree is a moresustainable biodiesel feedstock as it can yieldboth food and fuel. The greatest potential forthis species is currently thought to be in itscultivation for the production of biodiesel.Yields of about 20 metric tonnes of pods per

hectare per year are achievable for thisspecies. This would equate to between3,000 and 4,000 liters of biodiesel perhectare per annum. It is particularlydesirable because it is a very low water-usecrop and may be cultivated on marginal landcommercially.

Moringa and ILUC discussionMoringa does not cause indirect land usechange (ILUC). On the contrary, Moringa istargeted for marginal lands which areunproductive.

Biodiesel can make a large contribution tothe world’s future energy requirements;Moringa is a resource we cannot ignore. Thechallenge is to harness it on anenvironmentally and economically mannerand without compromising food security.

This tree is a suitable candidate as itgrows worldwide in the tropics and sub-tropics, but will tolerate higher temperatureextremes and can survive a light frost. It alsotolerates a wide range of soil and rainfallconditions. Presence of a long taproot makesit resistant to periods of drought. nn


MYANMAR IS MAPPING out its way to boost its rice productionthrough a carefully planned strategy that engages donor agencies andbuilds rice science capacity.

The idea is to tap into science to realise Myanmar’s potential tobecome self-sufficient in rice and also to become a major riceexporter.

Myanmar and its partners are developing the Myanmar Rice SectorStrategy and Program. Philippines-based rice research organisationInternational Rice Research Institute (IRRI) has been working withMyanmar since the mid-1970s, and is committed to working with thecountry to achieve its rice sufficiency and exporting goals.

E c o n o m i cd e v e l o p m e n tacross SoutheastAsia, including inVietnam, has beenlifted by rice sectord e v e l o p m e n t ,thanks to higherproduction andexports. InMyanmar, thegovernment wants

to produce sufficient rice for its burgeoning population that is expectedto reach 100mn by 2030.

IRRI director general Robert Zeigler said, “Myanmar’s rice sectorhas a huge potential to grow and help alleviate poverty andreinvigorate the country's economy.”

Myanmar wants to tap into science to realise itspotential to become self-sufficient in rice

THE LAOS MINISTRY of Agriculture and Forestry's agriculturedepartment has revealed plans to ensure complete safety ofagricultural produce grown in the country for domestic consumptionand export.

The department has formulated several standards foragricultural goods but has not yet set clear policies for producers,according to agricultural officials.

The department’s director general Monthathip Chanphengxaysaid that to encourage farmers to grow crops in line withinternational standards, the ministry of agriculture and forestry willbe focusing on four specific areas.

Those areas will be organic agriculture, good agriculturalpractice, pesticide free production, and conservation agriculture.

Monthathip said that each of these aspects will involve variouspractices but they all will have the same goal, to ensure safety,environmental protection and sustainability.

The practices recommended under these systems will help tocut farmers’ costs by reducing their outlay on chemicals, while themarket price of clean agricultural products is higher.

The government has already paved the way for farmers to growcrops through clean agriculture, but the sector currently lacks thefunding and experts needed to put these methods into practice.

Most of the country’s farmlands are suited to clean agriculturebecause most rural farmers have grown their crops using traditional,chemical-free methods.

Monthathip said Laos could benefit from the marketing oforganic crops when the country becomes part of the AseanEconomic Community and the Asean Free Trade Area in 2015.

Laos focuses on creating safeagricultural produce

Myanmar resorts to science to boost rice exports

Crops

The oil from the Moringa tree is a more sustainable biodiesel feedstock as it can yield both food and fuel


BIOREFINERY DEVELOPER COOL PlanetEnergy Systems and Acritaz Greentech will bebuilding commercial facilities in Malaysia totransform palm plantation waste products —empty husks, wood, and bark waste — intobiofuel and biochar.Acritaz Greentech, a group of companies thatbring biomass processing and bio-technologyinnovations to plantations, has signed anagreement with Cool Planet to explore thebuilding of multiple commercial biomassprocessing facilities using Cool Planettechnology in Malaysia.Cool Planet develops small-scalebiorefineries that convert non-food biomassinto biofuels and biochar, a soil enhancingsubstance. They recently announced anagreement with Concord Energy to establisha joint venture in the Asia Pacific Region todevelop biofuel facilities.Cool Planet chief executive officer HowardJanzen said, “We are pleased to be workingwith Acritaz Greentech, a group that is knownfor their technology leadership in biomassprocessing and bio-technology in Malaysia.”Acritaz and Cool Planet will use biomassraw materials that are abundant in

Malaysia — such as palm plantation waste— to create renewable cellulosic fuels forthe Asian market. They will develop a plant design that satisfiesthe specific needs of Malaysia with the firstsuch plant to begin construction in 2014.Acritaz director Looi Kem Loong said,“Acritaz is excited to commercialise CoolPlanet’s platform technology to bring drop-in fuels to the Malaysian fuel market. This is

the kind of breakthrough technology thatAcritaz wants to deploy.”Acritaz will work to commit US$60mn forthis first facility before the end of 2013. Theyplan to locate this facility in the Malaysianstate of Johor.The two companies will later work to buildmultiple such facilities across Malaysia, withAcritaz purchasing proprietary equipment andconsumables from Cool Planet.

Converting palm plantation waste to biofuel

25

Crops

Acritaz and Cool Planet will use biomass raw materials such as palm plantation waste to createrenewable cellulosic fuels for the Asian market

A STUDY HAS shown that

genetically modified sweet

corn is better for the

environment and safer for

farm workers because it

requires fewer pesticide

applications than

conventional corn.

The study, published in

the Journal of Economic Entomology, said, “Using Bt sweet corn will

dramatically reduce the use of traditional insecticides. Based on the

performance of Bt field corn, growers should realise increased profits and

there will be less risk to nontarget organisms, including natural enemies

that help suppress pest densities.”

The study also found that for pest management of the corn earworm, Bt

sweet corn consistently performed better than its non-Bt counterparts,

even those that were sprayed with conventional insecticides.

“Across multiple years, Bt sweet corn has performed better and

required fewer sprays to meet market standards,” said Cornell entomology

professor Anthony Shelton.

The study predicts that growers could realise increased profits with Bt

sweet corn because of lower inputs and higher marketability, while

simultaneously conserving populations of beneficial insects that keep

damaging pests at bay.

“The use of Bt vegetables could significantly reduce the use of

conventional insecticides and, in turn, reduce occupational and

environmental risks that arise from intensive insecticide use,” Shelton said.

A PROJECT LED by scientists in the University of California is aimingat sequencing a wheat ancestor’s genome, which is 40 per cent largerthan the human genome.

The project, recently funded by a US$9mn grant from the NationalScience Foundation’s Plant Genome Research project, is focused onbetter understanding the genetics of bread wheat, one of three cerealsthat provide most of the world’s food.

Bread wheat also has the distinction of having a genome thatconsists of three genomes from separate species, each with acomplexity and size that make genetic decoding exceptionally difficult.The project will sequence the genome of the goatgrass Aegilopstauschii, a wild relative of common bread wheat that is responsible forthe bread-making quality found in wheat. It also is highly tolerant ofsalt, drought, aluminum, frost, pests and many wheat diseases. Theeffort already has produced its first practical outcome: the discovery ofa gene with a resistance to wheat stem rust.

Geneticists previously had hoped to decode the wheat and Ae.tauschii genomes using the shotgun sequencing approach, which islike piecing together a book from millions of random sentencefragments. Scientists, instead, are using an approach known as“ordered clone sequencing” to generate a high-quality blueprint of theAe. tauschii genome, along with nanomapping, which traps DNAmolecules in nano-sized channels where their unique pattern isvisualised and quantified.

“This is really an exciting technology,” said Jan Dvorak, a leadscientist on the team. “For the first time in genome sequencing, wehave an independent means to check the accuracy of the genomesequence assembly and correct errors and fill gaps.”

Decoding bread wheat geneticsto prevent rusts

Modified sweet corn can reduce

insecticide use, says study



Crops

26

With concerns about greenhouse gasemissions and global warmingincreasing every day, the agricultural

sector is aiming more and more to resort torenewable energy source in conducting workon fields and running machinery andequipment.

Some agricultural activities, such asirrigation, could be powered by renewablesources, a recent European Commission studyhas indicated. Farm machinery could berenewably-powered, but the machinery wouldneed to be adapted to use renewableelectricity, instead of liquid fuel.

Agriculture is a major contributor to globalwarming through greenhouse gases (GHG)from activities such as deforestation, soiltreatment and methane emissions fromlivestock.

It is also one of the main users of fossilfuels in Western countries, thus alsocontributing further to GHG emissions. Thecost of agricultural products is highlydependent on, and vulnerable to, fuel prices. Itis therefore appropriate to assess alternativesources of energy for the future of agriculture.

The study examined the possibility ofsubstituting the use of fossil fuels in farmingwith energy produced from renewable sources,such as wind, photovoltaics, hydroelectricityand biomass.

Power from wind and photovoltaics hasreached a level of efficiency that can competewith fossil fuels. Globally, agriculture currentlyconsumes about 27.7 exajoules (EJ) (27.7 x1018 joules) per year, of this, 8.2EJ isprovided by renewable energy.

It is possible to provide about 30EJ, usingmainly photovoltaics and wind, the studysuggests, and the land needed to expand thesetwo renewable sources should be minimal(about 30,000km2) compared to requirementsof agriculture.

However, biofuels would not be feasible inthis respect because they require largeamounts of land for cultivation and, above all,they are not energy efficient.

While renewable sources could produceenough energy for farm machinery, it is in theform of electricity and not a liquid fuel.Agricultural processes would therefore need tobe adapted to use renewable electricity directly.

The study considered four fundamentalagricultural processes that would need to beadapted in order to be more sustainable:

Mechanical operation: The study drew onresults from the EU-funded RAMSES projectthat developed an electrically-powered multi-functional vehicle with some of the functions ofa conventional tractor. This vehicle could alsobe used as a source of power for agriculturalapplications, such as watering and spraying,either by electrical coupling or by using thevehicle’s batteries. It was shown to be reliableand functional, but its development for globaluse would have to be subsidised.

Irrigation: Irrigation is relatively easy to powerwith certain forms of renewable energy, suchas wind pumps which can directly power the

extraction of water from the ground. However,water management must be improved asscarcity becomes an issue.

Use of artificial fertilisers: The two mainingredients of fertilisers are nitrogen andphosphorus. The process used to extract nitrogen(Haber-Bosch) and mining of phosphorus couldboth be powered by renewable sources.However, phosphorus is a finite resource and theuse of renewable energy would not overcomeissues of its depletion which require shifts infertiliser use and improvements in recycling ofphosphorus from sewage sludge.

Use of pesticides: Although renewable energycould substitute the fossil fuel energy needed toproduce pesticides, there are currently nosubstitutes for petrochemicals (chemical productsderived from petroleum, such as kerosene)needed for the synthesis of the pesticides.Agriculture will have to adapt its practices andmove towards less use of chemicals.

In conclusion, ‘weaning’ farms from fossilfuels is possible, but in order for agriculture tobecome truly sustainable, more efficient use ofenergy and resources is needed, and soil andwater must be better preserved. nn

Resorting to renewableenergy sources like solar,wind, biomass andhydroelectric power foragricultural sector could offergreat yields with relativelylower stress on environment

Renewable energy as powersource for agriculture

Power from wind and PV has reached a level ofefficiency that can compete with fossil fuels



27

Equipment

CHALLENGER HAS LAUNCHED thenewest addition to its RoGator lineup —the RG700, a 2,650-litre capacity self-propelled sprayer in November this year.

According to the Netherlands-basedcompany, the new machine combinesquality and flexibility to meet sprayingrequirements with a smaller tank size.

It is expected to be ideal RoGator forfarmers and contractors requiring alighter-weight, more-nimble sprayer thatdelivers the highest level ofperformance, the company claimed.

The RG700 is Tier 4i-compliant, andlike larger RoGator models, features anapplication-specific cab design thatmaximises operator comfort and safety.

The RG700 also offers the AWD smart drive system, even weight distribution and Parallel C-channelflex frame. The result is a smoother ride, less wear and tear on the booms, and more precise productapplication even under varying field conditions.

With 165-hp, SCR, the sprayer will have a powerful, high-torque engine, two axle configurations —narrow and standard.

The application cab design includes six-post cab design for visibility, folded booms, wider platforms anda lower first step onto the walkway, sound-dampening materials for a quieter ride and ergonomic armrestand joystick configuration.

The machine’s reload station is designed for a quick, simple and safe reload process and the liquidsystem is designed to achieve maximum output flow and tip-to-tip application accuracy.

The RG700 also offers the AWD smart drive system,weight distribution and Parallel C-channel flex frame

MASSEY FERGUSON HAS introduced

the 1700 Series premium compact

tractors, built upon the popular

1600 Series. The tractors feature

new, clean-burning Tier 4 compliant

turbo-charged diesel engines.

David Bercik, product marketing

manager for Massey Ferguson, said,

“Operators today are looking for a

comfortable tractor that is

productive and powerful, yet

efficient, regardless of what type of

work they’re doing. These newly

designed 1700 Series tractors

deliver exactly that.”

The series offers six models from

35 to 60 gross engine horsepower,

all featuring four-wheel drive, the

option of a cab or open platform, a

choice of two transmissions, plus

rear and/or mid PTOs, making it

easy for operators to choose the

perfect tractor.

The new line of Mitsubishi diesel

engines powering the 1700 Series

brings turbo-charged power to

compact tractors, providing

operators a new level of responsive

power and efficiency. The engines

benefit from advanced inter-cooling

and a new high-pressure common-

rail (HPCR) system for smoother

power delivery and a more complete

fuel burn. Electronic engine-

management monitors adjust fuel

functions to keep fuel consumption

low without sacrificing power.

All models also include a

540rpm independent rear PTO with

electro-hydraulic engagement and a

wet multi-disc clutch, built to

deliver greater durability and

smoother engagements.

Operators can choose between a

classic 12x12 power shuttle

transmission or a more-advanced

hydrostatic transmission (HST). For

those who prefer a traditional

transmission, the 12x12 power

shuttle has four synchronised gears

and three non-synchronised ranges

for a wide array of speed options.

When quick direction changes are

needed, wet multi-disc clutch lets

the operator shuttle the tractor,

changing the direction of travel by

flipping a lever.

VALMONT IRRIGATION,MANUFACTURER of the Valleybrand of irrigation equipment,has introduced a new corneroption customisable to agrower’s field. “The new Valley VFlex Cornerhas been in development since2009 and was extensivelytested at Valley and in customerfields,” said John Kastl,equipment product manager.“Its flexibility is based onsuggestions from growers, andit offers more options than anyother corner on the market.”Valmont Irrigation introducedthe first corner to the irrigationmarket in 1974. A Valley corner machineallows growers to irrigate thehectares not reached by atraditional centre pivot,increasing yields on land thegrower already owns.The new VFlex Corner featuresa Model 8120 span and animproved steerable drive unitstructure for industry-leadingstrength and durability. TheVFlex also includes a widertrack-and-roller cradle that canbe easily serviced withstandard hand tools.“We did a lot of work to makesure the VFlex is the mostdurable, reliable, longest-lasting, and easy-to-maintaincorner available,” Kastl said. “Italso offers growers tremendousflexibility, so they can tailor it toa specific field’s needs.”The VFlex Corner maintains thesame simple and reliable start-stop controls of the Valleymechanical corner, but offersextensive options to fit eachgrower’s requirements.Customizable options includethree corner length choices,mechanical or electronic,sprinkler sequencing, fixed orswiveling water inlets, single ordual steering gearboxes, wireor GPS guidance and trailing orleading orientation.

Challenger to launch new RoGator self-propelled sprayer VFlex Cornerfrom ValmontIrrigation

Massey Ferguson’s 1700 Series compact tractors


The series offers six models from 35 to 60 gross engine horsepower

S07 FEAG 5 2013 Equipment_Layout 1 11/18/2013 10:11 AM Page 27

Equipment

28

WEDA ARE REACTING on the demands ofmodern pig managements with regard to theeasy operation of self-catching pens. Thisfulfils the requirements set down in the EUDirective 88/2001 as well as in the Ordinanceon Animal Welfare.

The SF Series makes handling of themechanics a lot easier, in particular for personswho are smaller or possess less physicalstrength. These concrete improvements aremodern responses to the agricultural industry,where more and more women are employed.Handling of the self-catching pen is, however,also advantageous for users with morephysical strength as it saves energy.

The springless SF System furthermoreprevents problems with corrosive parts as wellas expenses with regard to the procurementof spare parts or service activities. Below the

line, due to a simplified technology, operatorsgain time which can be sensibly used foranimal control and management duties.

Last but not least, the barrier-free lockingsystem is advantageous for animals that can

take up their feed in a considerably morerelaxed way. After a sow has entered the pen,the mechanism installed inside the troughimmediately releases the locking device.

For the animals which follow, the entry intothe pen is now barred. The sow inside the pencan release the locking mechanism on herown and then leave the pen. In particularlower ranking sows are considerably lessexposed to stress during feed uptake due tothis practiced animal welfare solution.The advantages of the WEDA Pen SF3 at aglance:• Compared with a rocker-type pen easy

access to the animal• No irritating pipes in the area of the gate• Easy conversion from SF1 to SF3 possible• Maintenance-free technology• Access to the pen at any time

POULTRY EQUIPMENT MANUFACTURERHotraco has added a new egg counter, theEMEC-12-30, to its existing range of EMEC-12, EMEC-12-20 and EMEC-30-75.The new EMEC-12-30 egg counter hasbeen specially developed for systems withgroup housing and has a maximum scanwidth of 30cm. The veranda system in place has an egg beltwith a width of 25cm, and is thereforeconsidered highly suitable for the newEMEC-12-30. The counters ensure that the eggs forhatching are counted per row and per level.The data on the counted eggs are recorded inthe ORION computer, and can be read out inthe management program Rainbow+. In addition, the company has taken a newstep in order to approach the Chinesemarket more actively by opening a newoffice in China, with the name Hotraco

Agriculture Systems Beijing.The primary purpose of the local office inBeijing is to support European customers with

turnkey projects in China, and secondly togenerate more turnover via local producers ofbarn equipment.

TERMOTECNICA PERICOLI HAS designed a full range of ventilationand climate equipment to meet every specification and requirementsto compliment livestock housing, in individual components or inbalanced and integrated systems.

The system involves adequate heating, cooling, humidifying andventilation systems with a full range of supporting elements such aslight traps and inlets.

The company is one of the few environmental/climate equipmentsupply companies able to supply a full-balanced and compatible lineof equipment. Supporting this package is a technical support teamavailable effectively and efficiently to design and supply an optimisedenvironment for all livestock applications.

Pericoli has understanding and experience in thermal engineeringand aerodynamics, coupled to solid background and understanding ofthe application and the needs of customers, gained over more than 45years in this field.The core element in all their products, irrespective of the family is:Simplicity: User-friendly in assembly, installation, operation andmaintenanceReliability: Robust design, material and manufacturing ensures anextended service and viable life expectancyPerformance: All specifications are independently tested and certified(Bess Lab), which are constantly reviewed and updated to meet thehighest cost-effective performance.

The Ergonomic Alternative to the Rocker-Type Pen

Optimal Ventilation-climate Equipment


Hotraco’s new egg counter

The counters ensure that the eggs forhatching are counted per row and per level.


MAREL HAS BEGAN operatinga high-tech poultry processingfacility — CharmFre — nearBuan in South Korea.The new plant is a greenfieldproject, company sources said.According to Marel, there arefour high capacity processinglines under one roof for theprimary and secondary processing of different types of poultry. Thetotal maximum throughput is more than 35,000 broilers per hour(bph), including ducks. The duck processing line can process up to6,000 ducks per hour in-line.Integrated proven technologies have also been built in the plant withMarel Stork Poultry Processing equipment for processing varioustypes of poultry such as broilers, tiny spring chicken, countrychicken, parent stock, laying hens and ducks.The plant also reportedly has fully enclosed and in-line doublewax system.The processed ducks are chilled in-line and distributed automaticallybased on weight, the company added. Other automated solutionsthat have been integrated are packing of whole products, cut-upproducts, fillet products and other boneless products, giblets andfeet as well as tray, bag or bulk packaging.Using a barcode system, products can be distributed correctly andfinally handed over to Charmfre’s fully robotised palletising system.

Marel introduces modern duckprocessing line in South Korea

29

Equipment

The duck processing line can processup to 6,000 ducks per hour in-line

JOHN DEERE HAS revamped three compact

models to both the 6M and 6R Series tractor

ranges. The new 6MC and 6RC tractors have been

designed specifically for medium size arable,

livestock and mixed farms. They are also suitable

for professional grounds and turf care customers.

The new 6090MC, 6100MC and 6110MC

models are equipped with smooth, highly efficient

PowrQuad Plus transmissions and Stage III B

compliant 4.5-litre four-cylinder PowerTech PWX

engines. Using field proven technologies to meet

the latest emissions standards, these fuel efficient

diesel-only engines feature exhaust gas

recirculation (EGR), a waste-gate turbocharger and

an exhaust filter. This last component includes a

diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) and a diesel

particulate filter (DPF).

The 6MC tractors feature a 2.4-metre

wheelbase for stability and versatility, while an

optional low profile cab allows easy access to

small buildings. The tractors durable full frame is

specifically designed to accept front loaders such

as the John Deere H310 or H340. These are

available in non-self-levelling, mechanical self-

levelling and hydraulic self-levelling versions,

with a wide variety of loader attachments.

John Deere’s 6090RC, 6100RC and 6110RC

tractors represent the premium version of this new

line of more compact tractors. Supplied by a massive

205-litre fuel tank, the John Deere PowerTech PWX

4.5-litre Stage III B diesel-only engines are also

equipped with Intelligent Power Management (IPM)

with 10 additional hp when needed.

Operator’s comfort is enhanced by the tractor’s

wheelbase and the optional triple link suspension

(TLS) front axle, while tyre sizes of up to 600/65 R38

help apply the available power to the ground.

Increased levels of comfort as well as a higher

degree of implement control through automation

are provided by John Deere’s iTEC Basic, GreenStar

and ISOBUS precision farming options.

The three powershift transmission choices,

PowrQuad Plus, AutoQuad Plus and AutoQuad

Plus EcoShift, provide smooth gear changes on the

move, assisted by a standard declutch button.

Thanks to the newly available EcoShift mode,

engine rpm is automatically reduced when

reaching high speeds. These reliable and efficient

transmission options help to further reduce fuel

consumption on these tractors.

Other features include a pressure and flow

compensated hydraulic system providing up to

114 litres/min, with 37 litres oil take out capacity

available for implement operation, plus an

optional ex-factory front PTO and front hitch with

a lift capacity of 3,000kg.

John Deere 6M and 6R Series tractors go ‘compact’


NUHN INDUSTRIES LIMITED has introduced the Lagoon Crawler,a remote-control machine powered by a 160-hp Cummins 4-cylinderengine, designed to drive right onto the pond for maximum churningof contents to get more nutrients.

A centre-mounted pump pushes material through jets positionedaround the machine to propel it around the lagoon. The independentnature of the Lagoon Crawler means even very large pits can beagitated for pumping into tanks more efficiently.

Ian Nuhn is the brain behind this machine. “It has 13,000 pounds of floating ballast. It cruises on top of the

lagoon,” he adds.Nuhn added that there’s even an ‘unleash hell’ setting where the

pump will push material through all the propulsion jets around themachine for maximum lagoon agitation.

Nunh innovates lagoon churnerfor more efficiency

The Lagoon Crawler is a remote-controlled machine

The 6MC tractors feature a 2.4-metre wheelbase for stability and versatility




Section One

Feed & Grain Buyers’GuideSection One - Listings by categories Section Two - List of suppliers Section Three - Contact details of agents in Asia

Additives and Raw Materials

Algae Based Additives

Olmix

Feed Enzymes

Eurofeed Technologies S.p.A

Minerals


Unipoint AG

Mold & Mycotoxin ControlProducts


Olmix

Unipoint AG

Phytogenic Feed Additives


Premixes


Protein Products


Specialty Ingredients


Olmix

Vitamins


Automation andControl

Computer Software -Formulation, RationOptimization & Modelling

Format International Ltd.

Logistics

Bulk Storage

SCE nv Silo Construction & Engineering

Conveyers

Technical Systems

Machinery andEquipment

Bagging

Awila Anlagenbau GmbH

Conditioners

Almex b.v.


Cookers

Almex b.v.

Coolers

Almex b.v.


Dryers

Almex b.v.

Dinnissen b.v

Expanders

Almex b.v.

Dinnissen b.v

Extruders

Almex b.v.

Dinnissen b.v

Feeders

Almex b.v.

Technical Systems

Hammer Mills


Dinnissen b.v

Mixers & Blenders

Dinnissen b.v

Pelleting Equipment


Safety and Environment

Biosecurity, Cleaning &Sanitation Products

Olmix

Feed & Feedstuffs SafetyTesting


Services

Construction


Turnkey Projects


Section Two

SUPPLIERSAlmex b.v.Postbus 150Zutphen7200The NetherlandsTel: +31 57 5572666Fax: +31 57 5572727Web: www.almex.nlE-mail: [email protected]

We are a family owned, independent company since early1970’s.

Almex single screw extruders and Contivar Expanders arein use worldwide at fishfeed, oil extraction, petfood,animal feed plants, the food industry and the processingand chemical industries.

The robust, basically simple design of the Almexequipment guarantees years of trouble free service.

ALMEX Extruders and Contivar™

Expanders are used for :Extrusion-cookingPre-extraction processesDensifyingConditioning prior to other processesExpanded feed productionFormingCooking-formingSemi-moistH.T-S.T. processesCo-extrusionsYou are kindly invited to visit www.almex.nl for moreinformation.

Awila Anlagenbau GmbHDillen 1Lastrup49688GermanyTel: +49 4472 8920Fax: +49 4472 892220Web: www.awila.deE-mail: [email protected]

Dinnissen b.v.Horsterweg 66Sevenum5975The NetherlandsTel: +31 77 4673555Fax: +31 77 4673785Web: www.dinnissen.nlE-mail: [email protected]

2 0 1 3PLEASE MENTION FAR EASTERN AGRICULTURE

WHEN CONTACTING YOUR SUPPLIERS

CATEGORIES

S08 FEAG 5 2013 Buyers Guide_Layout 1 11/18/2013 10:13 AM Page 30

31



Eurofeed Technologies S.p.AVia Luigi Einaudi, 12 LocBettolino, Brandico (BS)25030ItalyTel: +39 030 6864682/9973064Fax: +39 030 6866560Web: www.eurofeed.itE-mail: [email protected]

Eurofeed Technologies S.p.A is an Italian company thatproduces and trades feed additives all over the world. Weare GMP+Certified.Eurofeed Technologies portfolio includes the followingadditives as Acidifiers, Antioxidants, Antimicrobials,Aromas, Mould Inhibitors, Mycotoxin Binders, NaturalDiarrhea Preventions, Nutraceutical Feed Supplements,Pellet Binders, Trace Mineral Chelateds and VegetableProtein Concentrate.

Format International Ltd.Format HousePoole Road, WokingSurreyGU21 6DYUnited KingdomTel: +44 1483 726081Fax: +44 1483 722827Web: www.formatinternational.comE-mail: [email protected]

The Global Leader in Feed Formulation Software.

By constantly being at the forefront of innovations andadvances in formulation techniques, Format has anenviable reputation which, in a constantly charging world,provides our customers with a significant competitiveadvantage.Agents: Korea - Easy Bio KoreaMalaysia - 3N VitelandPhilippines - Easy Bio Phils Inc.Vietnam - Biomin Vietnam Co. Ltd.

LUBING Maschinenfabrik GmbH & Co. KGLubingstraße 6Barnstorf49406GermanyTel: +49 54 4298790Fax: +49 54 42987933Web: www.lubing.deE-mail: [email protected]

Ultramodern Drinking-, Conveyor- and Climate-Systemsfrom Barnstorf, Germany: LUBING systems are completesolutions for all modern requirements in animal farming,but at the same time are modular in design so that theycan be individually matched to customer wishes.Agents: China - Lubing System Engineering (Shenzhen) Co. Ltd.India - Lubing India Pvt LtdIndonesia - PT. Charoen Pokphand IndonesiaJapan - Hytem Co. Ltd.Malaysia - Tong Seh Industries Supply Sdn BhdPakistan - Ample Trade ImpexThailand - KSP Equipment Co. Ltd.Vietnam - DONG A Material-Veterinary Jsc

OlmixZA du Haut du BoisBrehan, 56580FranceTel: +33 2 97388103Fax: +33 2 97388658Web: www.olmix.comE-mail: [email protected]: Cambodia - Olmix CambodiaChina - Olmix BeijingIndia - Olmix IndiaIndonesia - Olmix SA Indonesia Representative OfficeVietnam - Olmix Asia Pacific RepresentativeVietnam - Olmix Hanoi Rep. Office

SCE nv Silo Construction & EngineeringIndustrielaan 17AIndustriezone KwakkelZone C28810 LichterveldeLichtervelde8810BelgiumTel: +32 51 723128Fax: +32 51 725350Web: www.sce.beE-mail: [email protected]

SCE, Silo Construction and Engineering, of Belgium is aworldwide partner and specialist in design, productionand assembly of rectangular modular process silos. The demand for food to nourish the world’s growingpopulation is increasing continually.

As partner in modular process storage solutions, SCEwants to help food & feed producing companies tobecome more efficient and effective.The modular SCE bins are innovative, compact and fast toassemble. Our short lead times are the result of ourexperience in project management: in-house engineering,a well-keened production process and care for quality.

SCE earned its merits in the feed industry and hassuccessfully expanded to other sectors such as pet food,aqua feed, rice, coffee and cocoa. SCE has built modularsquare bins all over the world. In SE Asia SCE hasreferences in Thailand, Malaysia and Indonesia.

Schauer Agrotronic GmbHPassauer Straße 1Prambachkirchen4731AustriaTel: +43 7277 23260Fax: +43 7277 232622Web: www.schauer-agrotronic.comE-mail: [email protected]

Schaumann Agri InternationalGmbHAn der Mühlenau 4, Pinneberg25421GermanyTel: +49 4101 2185300Fax: +49 4101 2185399Web: www.schaumann.infoE-mail: [email protected]: China - Schaumann Agri Trading (Shanghai) Company LimitedKorea - Morningbio Co. Ltd.

Technical SystemsPO Box 757, Sanlamhof7532South AfricaTel: +27 21 9499191Fax: +27 21 9499195Web: www.technicalsys.comE-mail: [email protected]

Manufacturing company of Flat Feeder Chain, 90° CornerUnit & Auger Spiral for automated feed conveying.

Unipoint AGGewerbestrasse 2, Ossingen, 8475SwitzerlandTel: +41 52 3052041Fax: +41 52 3052042Web: www.unipoint.chE-mail: [email protected]

Klinofeed the unique Feed-Additive with a high effect asMykotoxine binder and Ammonium binder.

Also Klinofeed is a highly effective pellet binder. Klinofeed is registered in: Europa ( E 568 )Please ask us about Klinofeed: [email protected]

The Original!

S08 FEAG 5 2013 Buyers Guide_Layout 1 11/18/2013 12:37 PM Page 31


Get the most out of your broilers and layers

[email protected] · www.schaumann.info

OVILAC WA ■ higher ADG■ improved feed conversion■ reduced feed intake■ reduction in ammonia■ contains vitamin C + D

with

Contains the SCHAUMANN probiotic PROTECURE at a high dosage. Application of OVILAC WA is simple and safe with the drinking water.

CambodiaOlmix Cambodia# P41, Rue Pleasure ChungTnorl Keut Village, Behind Teuk Tla PlazaSangkat Teuk, Tla, Khan Don KorPhnom Penh

ChinaLubing System Engineering (Shenzhen) Co. Ltd.Song Ming Industrial ParkGongming Town Guangming DistShenzhen City, Guangdong Province518106Tel: +86 75 527411888Fax: +86 75 527411124Web: www.lubcn.comE-mail: [email protected]

Olmix BeijingRm Bei 206, Yinhai DashaNo Jia 10, Zhongguancun Nan Street100081Tel: +86 10 62158713Fax: +86 10 62158712

Schaumann Agri Trading (Shanghai)Company LimitedRoom T3-16B, 2601 Xietu RoadShanghai, 200030Tel: +86 21 51878630Fax: +86 21 512631Web: www.schaumann.cnE-mail: [email protected]

IndiaLubing India Pvt. Ltd.271/P/B, Ingawale Patil Estate, BhugaonPune, Maharastra, 411042Tel: +91 20 22952404/22952405Fax: +91 9890996030Web: www.lubingindia.comE-mail: [email protected]

Olmix India22, Sri Sai Nivas, T C Palya Main RoadK. R. Puram, Bangalore560036Tel: +91 9361655595Fax: +91 9663802208

IndonesiaOlmix SA Indonesia Representative OfficeMenara Thamrin Suite 310Jl. M.H. Thamrin Kav. 3, Jakarta10250Tel: +62 21 2302602

PT. Charoen Pokphand IndonesiaJl Raya Serang Km 30BalarajaTangerang15610Tel: +62 21 64701200Fax: +62 21 64700968Web: www.lubing.comE-mail: [email protected]

JapanHytem Co. Ltd.2-10 Techno PlazaKakamigahara CityGifu509-0109Tel: +81 58 3850505Fax: +81 58 3851230Web: www.hytem.comE-mail: [email protected]

KoreaEasy Bio Korea#3th. Union Center 831-11Yoksam Dong, Kangnam G, SeoulTel: +82 2 5019988E-mail: [email protected]

Morningbio Co. Ltd.#401 Seemi B/D, 1731 Doojung-dongSeobuk-gu, Cheonan, Chungnam, 331-963Tel: +82 41 5780604Fax: +82 41 5780605Web: www.morningbio.co.kr

Malaysia3N Viteland46 Jalan Perdagangan16 Taman University IndustrialPark, Taman UniversitySkuda Johor Bahru, Johor, 81300Tel: +60 7 5206798E-mail: [email protected]

Tong Seh Industries Supply Sdn BhdLot 780, Block A, Jalan Sungai PutusOff Jalan Kapar 3 3/4 MilesKlang, Selangor, 42100Tel: +60 3 32916958Fax: +60 3 32915198Web: www.tongseh.com.myE-mail: [email protected]

PakistanAmple Trade ImpexOffice 3-4, 2nd Floor, Sarjah Centre62 - Shadman MarketTel: +92 42 7584400Fax: +92 42 7532102Web: www.lubing.comE-mail: [email protected]

PhilippinesEasy Bio Phils Inc.Unit 1609 West Tower, Phil. StockExchange Center, Exchange RoadOrtigas Center, Pasig City, 1605Tel: +63 2 6354692E-mail: [email protected]

ThailandKSP Equipment Co. Ltd.100 MU3 Suksawad Soi 76Suksawad RoadPrapadaengSamutprakarn10130Tel: +66 28 176410Fax: +66 28 176439Web: www.lubing.comE-mail: [email protected]

VietnamBiomin Vietnam Co. Ltd.Duong Xa, Gia LamHanoiTel: +84 4 8765632E-mail:[email protected]

DONG A Material-Veterinary Jsc62, Ho Tung MauCaudienTuliemHanoiTel: +84 4 37632583Fax: +84 4 37632602Web: www.dmvjsc.comE-mail: [email protected]

Olmix Asia Pacific Representative136 Hoa Lan StreetWard 2 Phu Nhuan OfficeHo Chi Minh CityTel: + 84 8 35172098Fax: + 84 8 35172163

Olmix Hanoi Rep. OfficeP502, No. 88, Village 4Me Tri Ha CommuneTu Liem districtHa Noi


Section Three

AGENTS


RICE PADDY GROWERS can now havealternative livelihood by culturingsalmon in the fields.

Juvenile salmon grow quickly in off-seasonrice field nurseries. The dual use of agriculturalland could benefit both salmon populationsand farmers, according to a study by Universityof California.

The scientific findings of an experiment thatplanted fish in harvested rice fields, resulted inthe fattest, fastest-growing salmon on record inthe state’s rivers.

“We’re finding that land managers andregulatory agencies can use these agriculturalfields to mimic natural processes,” said co-author Carson Jeffres, field and laboratorydirector of the Center for Watershed Sciencesat University of California, Davis. “We still havesome things to learn, but this report is a bigstep in understanding that.”

Researchers found that the fish did nothave a preference among the three rice fieldtypes tested: stubble, plowed, and fallow. The

food supply was so plentiful that salmon hadhigh growth rates across habitats andmanagement methods.

“It’s like a dehydrated food web,” saidJeffres. “Just add water. All of those habitatsare very productive for fish.”

KEY FINDINGS:Experimental flooding of Yolo Bypass rice fieldsduring the winter can create productive aquaticfood webs for salmon.

Average growth rates during the study’s 41days were the highest recorded in fresh waterin California. Growth of juvenile chinookaveraged 0.93mm per day, with growth of

1.5mm per day observed during specific two-week interval.

Mortality was, however, greater than in theteam’s previous 2012 study at Knaggs Ranch.In the 2013 study, between 0 and 29 per centof free-swimming fish survived, while 35 to 98per cent of fish in enclosures survived.

Lower survival rates were attributed to birdpredation. The winter of 2013, when the studywas conducted, was one of the driest onrecord in the Sacramento Valley, which mayhave drawn more birds to the inundated ricefields, and to the fish. The study plots werealso relatively shallow, providing little escapefor fish. A follow-up study planned for 2014will explore the role of depth as a refuge forfish against avian predators.

Fish reared in plowed rice fields grew fasterthan those reared over stubble or weedyvegetation. However, all habitat types werebeneficial to the fish, suggesting farmmanagers may have more flexibility in landtreatment after harvest. nn

Aquaculture

33

Rice paddy fields can doubleup as salmon pondRice growers can look at alternativelivelihood method by culturing salmon inthe fields during off-season

Fish in harvested rice fields resultedin the fattest, fastest-growing salmonon record in California waters


Fish reared in plowed ricefields grew faster than

those reared over stubbleor weedy vegetation


Moreover

#

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S09 FEAG 5 2013 Moreover_Layout 1 11/18/2013 10:14 AM Page 34

Moreover

35

Avoiding locust outbreaks worldwideLocust swarms continue to a major threat to agricultural produce across the world.Here is a look at a research being conducted by scientists to overcome the problem

The studies will be conducted in China, Senegal andAustralia — countries that depend on livestock pro-duction and are each home to locust outbreaks


LOCUSTS ARE A threat to food securitythroughout the Asia, Middle East, Africaand Australia. Locusts, particularly desert

locusts, ravage crops and impact livestock —costing countries billions of dollars in lostharvests and eradication efforts.

A team of US-based scientists from ArizonaState, Colorado State, McGill and Yaleuniversities have launched a new collaborativeproject to learn how human behavior, marketforces and ecological systems interact overtime to affect the outcomes of locust swarms.

The researchers will conduct studies inChina, Senegal and Australia — countries thatdepend on livestock production and eachhome to locust outbreaks that may be linked todegraded livestock pastures.

ASU School of Life Sciences physiologicalecologist and lead researcher on the projectArianne Cease said, “We are building on ourprevious research in China that demonstratedthat overgrazing rangelands promotes locustoutbreaks, in part because overgrazing lowersthe amount of nitrogen in plants.”

Surprisingly, plants with lower nitrogencontent allow locusts to multiply and formdevastating swarms, a situation often causedby overgrazing.

Cease added, “We understand howimportant it is to look at the whole picture andwe’re excited about the project’s potential. Weneed a better understanding of the links

between overgrazing and locusts. And, from asocial perspective, we also need a unifiedframework to implement what we find intopractice in each of the regions in a way thatimproves the lives of local farmers and thelongevity of the grasslands.”

Areas of concernThe research team is seeking answers to howthe relationship between insects and nutrients,as well as livestock grazing strategies, interact

to affect food prices, food security, andrangeland degradation. And, how do propertyrights and ownership affect society’s ability torespond to the link between overgrazing andlocust outbreaks.

Yale assistant professor Eli Fenichel said, “Itis commonly believed that people don't haveincentives to care for things that are ‘owned’collectively. However, with what we arelearning about locusts, it seems possible thatshort-sighted environmental management maycause future damage to a community’seconomic resources. So, the more we learnabout these systems, the more it seems thatwe can turn the study of ecology into a directcost/benefit for society as a whole.”

The team’s goals will focus on how best tominimise locust outbreaks and to use thisknowledge in working with regionalgovernments and communities to deviseadditional tools for managing the swarmsdifferently. The scientists also want tounderstand what causes the locust populationbuildups that lead to migratory swarms.

To develop new and sustainablemanagement strategies, the team will studylivestock markets, grazing practices, grassecology, and property rights in relationship tolocust dynamics. The study will include theefforts of five ASU undergraduate researchersand two doctoral students from Yale andColorado State universities. nn

The research team isseeking answers to howthe relationship betweeninsects and nutrients, aswell as livestock grazing

strategies, interact toaffect food prices, foodsecurity, and rangeland

degradation. And, how doproperty rights and

ownership affect society’sability to respond to thelink between overgrazing

and locust outbreaks.



Documents

Far Eastern Agriculture 5 2013