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2016/SOM1/EGILAT/021 Agenda Item: IV
FAO’s Preventive Approach to Illegal Logging
Purpose: Information Submitted by: FAO
9th Experts Group on Illegal Logging and Associated Trade Meeting
Lima, Peru20-21 February 2016
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FAO's preventive approach to illegal logging
John PreissingFAO Representative - Perú
OutlineBackgroundFAO´s approach to illegal loggingFAO FLEGT ProgramResults and conclusions
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Problems caused by illegal logging
Low market prices for wood (due to oversupply).Discourages the legal loggers.Reduces the commercial incentive for the establishment of forest plantations (low market prices for wood).
Lowers the tax revenue of the State, coming from the forestry sector (which reduces the importance of the sector in the national economy)The relevance of sustainable forest management is not considered by the society.
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Loss of competitiveness within the forest sector, in an international context (markets are limited, not only for forest goods such as agricultural products obtained from illegally deforested lands).
The forest is being degraded, which generates other environmental and social issues.
Institutional deconstruction/instability, by possible actions of associated corruption.
Therefore, the effects of illegality are felt by all of society.
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2013 FAO Call for Zero Illegal Deforestation
Degradation of ecosystem services.Urgente- climate change and populationgrowth.Encourage tree planting.Zero illegal deforestation target- post 2015.
FAO´Approach to Illegal Logging - prevention
Supporting the global commitment onreduce and control illegal logging throughnational efforts.Illegal logging is usually linked to poor governance.
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All FAO forestry projects involve capacitybuilding at different levels.Involvement and building trust amongststakeholders.Lessons learned and good practices.
FAO FLEGT – Forest Law Enforcement, Governance and Trade
FLEGT Voluntary Partnership Agreement (VPA):
– Improving forest governance and regulation– Involving forest stakeholders– Ensuring legal sourcing and production of
timber– Contributing to development objectives
2012-2015: 108 projects in 32 countries (USD 85.500/project)
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Countries with FLEGT projects
FAO FLEGT – Forest Law Enforcement, Governance and Trade
VPA countries are currently developing the systems needed to control, verify and license legal timber.The EU FLEGT Facility supports the European Union, its Member States and partner countries in implementing the EU FLEGT Action Plan.FLEGT may stand also for “Fostering Local Empowerment and Grassroot Trust”.
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FAO FLEGT Projects by Themes
LAS: Legality assurance system
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Local Communities
and communityforestry FLEGT
activities
LAS, traceabilityAnd control
systems
Transparencyand
Independientobservation
Informationand pre
negotationphase of VPA
Informationand knowledge
Private sectorinitiatives
Domestic andregionalmarkets
Number of projectsby thematic priority
FAO FLEGT Phase III: emphasis on private sector needs and involvement
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Need assessment and training Legal policies and regulations Manuals, guides, normativematerials
Information Knowledge andcooperation
Precurement policies,domestic markets
Projects supporting private sector initiatives, bykey themes
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Examples: Good practices from projects
Carry out mapping exercise and identify typology of the various stakeholders.
Initiate preliminary reflection on the organization of stakeholders and mechanisms for their participation.Establish dialogue among the main stakeholders groups.
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Provide information on legislation, FLEGT and VPA.Analyze both the functioning of existing structures and systems (legality, traceability, institutions, etc.) and the large scale/industrial and domestic/artisanal sector.
Establish a baseline regarding social, economic and environmental aspects.Stress the need to make decisions by consensus.Develop/improve traceability systems.Set up an official internet site.Plan for communications tools.
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Promote south-south exchangesMake legislative texts available to the general public.Carry out cost-benefit studies of thelegality assurance system.
Peru´s Forest Projects – Illegal logging prevention
Project Link to illegal logging Means of preventing illegallogging
Forest Survey at nationallevel
Better forest zoning Tools, methods and capacitybuilding
Criteria and indicators of Good Governance
Compliance with legal framework
Plan for good governance at different levels; capacitybuilding
UN-REDD Identify and measure forestdegradation
Tools, methods and capacitybuilding
Indigenous peoples MRV system Capacity building
Tenure security, sustainable forest management and peoples’ livelihoods
Relationship between tenureand SFM
Study to provide policyrecomendations
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Project Link to illegal logging Means of preventing illegallogging
Restoration of landscapesand forests
Better forest zoning; increasedproductivity of forest margins
Tools, methods and capacitybuilding
Sustainable production of palm fruits in wetlands
Avoid cutting palm trees in community wetlands
Forest management plans, valueadded; capacity building
FLEGT – SFM in indigenous communities
Provent illegal logging; community technical staff in charge
Forest management plans, valueadded; capacity building
FLEGT – Communityforest surveillance system
Provent illegal logging; community technical staff in charge
Forest management plans; valueadded; capacity building
FLEGT – Strengtheningsubnational environmentauthority
Pilot project in invaded forestareas
Provide legal and technicalinformation; capacity building
Key Conclusions
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Food Security, poverty reduction, and sustainability are tied to preventing illegallogging.Preventing illegal logging can be achieved in different ways.Opening policy dialogue allows disadvantagegroups to influence decisions that haveimpact in their way of life.VPA as an important target.
Factors in effective participation
EffectiveParticipation
Level of informationAnd transparency
Quality ofRepresentation
Influenceover decisions
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Communication strategy is keyNeed for greater private sector involvement.Internal planning – learn, re-think, innovate, improve.FLEGT Third Phase – links with privatesector and other initiatives.