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Presentation given by Maarten Davelaar & Jessica van den Toorn, Verwey-Jonker Institute, Netherlands at a FEANTSA Research Conference on "Understanding Homelessness and Housing Exclusion in the New European Context", Budapest, Hungary, 2010
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European Research Conference, Budapest, 17th September 2010UNDERSTANDING HOMELESSNESS AND HOUSING EXCLUSION IN THE NEW
EUROPEAN CONTEXT
ENHR
Faith based Solidarity Marginalised? Homelessness, Faith-Based Organizations and the
National Action Plan for SocialRelief in the Netherlands
Maarten Davelaar & Jessica van den Toorn
Verwey-Jonker Institute, Netherlands
European Research Conference, Budapest, 17th September 2010UNDERSTANDING HOMELESSNESS AND HOUSING EXCLUSION IN THE NEW
EUROPEAN CONTEXTENHR
Content
Definition of FBOs Role of FBOs in fighting homelessness FBOs and NGOs National Action Plan for Social Relief Discussion: marginalisation of role FBOs?
European Research Conference, Budapest, 17th September 2010UNDERSTANDING HOMELESSNESS AND HOUSING EXCLUSION IN THE NEW
EUROPEAN CONTEXTENHR
Definition FBOs in this study
Any organisation that refers directly or indirectly to religion or religious values, and that functions as a
welfare provider and/or a political actor for the homeless
European Research Conference, Budapest, 17th September 2010UNDERSTANDING HOMELESSNESS AND HOUSING EXCLUSION IN THE NEW
EUROPEAN CONTEXTENHR
Role of FBOs in fighting homelessness (1)
1. Professional services to selected groups in the homeless population. Within the framework of the welfare state, largely funded by public authorities, strictly regulated
Example: Salvation Army
European Research Conference, Budapest, 17th September 2010UNDERSTANDING HOMELESSNESS AND HOUSING EXCLUSION IN THE NEW
EUROPEAN CONTEXTENHR
Role of FBOs in fighting homelessness (2)
2. Services to (marginalised) groups within the homeless population. Services the state cannot or does not want to take care for. Private financial means, volunteering
Example: Ecumenical communitarian community Oudezijds 100
European Research Conference, Budapest, 17th September 2010UNDERSTANDING HOMELESSNESS AND HOUSING EXCLUSION IN THE NEW
EUROPEAN CONTEXTENHR
Role of FBOs in fighting homelessness (3)
3. Informal care for (almost) homeless people, often provided ‘in silence’ by religious communities, contributing to prevention
Example: local churches, The Inner City Project
European Research Conference, Budapest, 17th September 2010UNDERSTANDING HOMELESSNESS AND HOUSING EXCLUSION IN THE NEW
EUROPEAN CONTEXTENHR
Role of FBOs in fighting homelessness (4)
4. Activate volunteering by members faith communities and others
Example: Rainbow Foundation Amsterdam
European Research Conference, Budapest, 17th September 2010UNDERSTANDING HOMELESSNESS AND HOUSING EXCLUSION IN THE NEW
EUROPEAN CONTEXTENHR
Role of FBOs in fighting homelessness (5)
5. Political advocacy
Example: Paulus Church
European Research Conference, Budapest, 17th September 2010UNDERSTANDING HOMELESSNESS AND HOUSING EXCLUSION IN THE NEW
EUROPEAN CONTEXTENHR
European Research Conference, Budapest, 17th September 2010UNDERSTANDING HOMELESSNESS AND HOUSING EXCLUSION IN THE NEW
EUROPEAN CONTEXTENHR
What distinghuishes FBOs from NGOs (1)
Less demanding towards service users, less ‘last chance’ policies
Offering ‘meaning-giving’, spiritual element, community feeling
More volunteers involved, volunteers stay longer Stronger ideological background ► claiming
independence More mixed funding ► freedom to act Moral duty to do good to ‘the least’ (Matthew 25) ►
concentrating on most marginalised groups
European Research Conference, Budapest, 17th September 2010UNDERSTANDING HOMELESSNESS AND HOUSING EXCLUSION IN THE NEW
EUROPEAN CONTEXTENHR
What distinghuishes FBOs from NGOs (2)
European Research Conference, Budapest, 17th September 2010UNDERSTANDING HOMELESSNESS AND HOUSING EXCLUSION IN THE NEW
EUROPEAN CONTEXTENHR
National action Plan for Social Relief (1)
Time span: 7 years (2006 – 2012) Expenses: yearly 175 million Results (2006-2010): 9.800 homeless people of the streets National Plan & ‘City compasses’: Amsterdam, Den Haag,
Rotterdam en Utrecht
Central pillars: Local authorities in charge Central point of entrance for client Individual treatment ► tailored programmes, personal client
managers 100 % seamless co-operation between all parties and agencies
involved
European Research Conference, Budapest, 17th September 2010UNDERSTANDING HOMELESSNESS AND HOUSING EXCLUSION IN THE NEW
EUROPEAN CONTEXTENHR
Discussion: marginalisation FBOs? (1)
Effects of The Plan on FBOs depend strongly on the functions they fulfil in the local social system
Pressure to choose between providing state-regulated, fully subsidised services or working with volunteers and private funds cleavage between niche-players and key-actors funding behind the scenes (small public-private
budgets) to take care of ‘special cases’
European Research Conference, Budapest, 17th September 2010UNDERSTANDING HOMELESSNESS AND HOUSING EXCLUSION IN THE NEW
EUROPEAN CONTEXTENHR
Discussion: marginalisation FBOs? (2)
No evidence that The Plan will make FBOs redundant: Tradition Good track record Budget reasons Support in society ► volunteering / additional funds “They’ll keep doing their work anyway”
Growing tensions in state – religion relations in general ► Pressure to ‘hide’ the peculiarity of the faith-based identity,
European Research Conference, Budapest, 17th September 2010UNDERSTANDING HOMELESSNESS AND HOUSING EXCLUSION IN THE NEW
EUROPEAN CONTEXTENHR
Questions?