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Budget: This is a comprehension financial plan to
achieve the financial goals, setting forth the expected route for achieving the financial operational goals of an organization.
Benefits of Budget Enhance management responsibility Assigning of decision making responsibility Coordination of activities Performance evaluation
OPERATIONAL BUDGETING
Establishing budgeting amount: There are two methods Behavioral approach Total quality management approach
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You must keep the budgeted level that is reasonable and achievable. Don’t determine keep heavy budget. Such level of budget which is achievable and reasonable. When you make budget financial budget). In it eliminate the non-value added activities.
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Eliminate inefficiency and non-value added act continues improvement is TQM.
Budget level represent the absolute efficiency such budget is set which represent the absolute efficiency and eliminate the non-value added activities.
To achieve this, a level of complete efficiency must make by eliminating non value by using sales manager pay, tax etc.
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For how long budget is being made policy duration of the management called budget period. Long policy has long term budget while short policy has short term budget.
Period should be according to the management policy. Different types of budget has different period of times. E.g. capital expenditure budget is a long term budget having time period 5-10 years known as long term budget.
Operation financial budget is for one year. And continues budget is months to moths budget.
budget period
Sum of all small budgets types of master budget are following:
Operational budget (short term budget) Sales present Production schedule Manufacturing cost budget Cost of goods sold budget An ending inventory budget Operating expense budget
Master Budget
2. Capital expenditure budget (long term budget) from 10 years. Budget made for fixed assets having period. E.g. building new factory, Building oil refinery etc.
3. Budgeted financial statement (short term)
1. Budgeted income statement 2. Cash budgeted 3. Budgeted balance sheet.
Capital expenditure
