Ûf1 b è(ô) 9 c.k0° b#Õ2s W I Okyoiku/info/zinbun/pdf/660118.pdfS8o% b Ì#Õ"á l gCL 8o% b.k Ì#Õ"á c>)+ D ² ó b Q } b8o% b Ì#Õ"á \ 3Q K Z ? W S G \ &g K S r SStarns

$Page 1: Û*f1 b è(ô) 9 c.k0° b#Õ2s * W I Okyoiku/info/zinbun/pdf/660118.pdfS8o% b Ì#Õ"á l gCL 8o% b.k Ì#Õ"á c>*)+ D ² ó b Q } b8o% b Ì#Õ"á \ 3Q K Z * ? W S G \ &g K S r SStarns$
Can retrieval practicing reduce false memory?: From the view of inhibitory mechanisms

Tomomi NAIKI (Gifu University)

Takashi TSUKIMOTO (Gifu University)

DRM (old/new ) Remember/Know

(retrieval-induced forgetting: RIF)

old RIF RIFRIF

CLRp K CLNrp

(p < .10)old RIF

K

Key words: false memory, retrieval-induced forgetting, inhibitory mechanism, release of inhibition, recognition

(false

memory) (e.g., Roediger & McDermott,

1995) Deese (1959)

Roediger & McDermott (1995)

DRM

(Deese-Roediger-McDermott paradigm)

DRM

(critical lure word, CL )

CL

Roediger & McDermott

(1995) CL old

Remember/Know

(Remember/Know procedure; Gardiner, 1988)

CL

old Remember

�

��

��

�� !�

� � � ��

� ��

��

��

��

�� !"��#$�$��

(retrieval-induced forgetting RIF)

(Anderson, Bjork, & Bjork, 1994)

RIF

(retrieval practice paradigm)

3

(

)

( )

Rp+ ( )

Rp- (

)

Nrp ( )

Nrp Rp+

Rp-

RIF

(inhibition hypothesis)

(competition)

RIF

Veling & van Knippenberg (2004)

old

new

Rp-

Nrp

Veling & van Knippenberg (2004)

old

RIF

RIF

Hicks & Starns (2004)

( , 2010)

Hicks & Starns

(Hicks & Starns 1750ms 5000ms)

1

RIF

RIF

RIF (boundary

conditions)

Hicks &

Starns 2004) (2010)

3000ms

Remember/Know R/K

RIF

Bäuml & Kuhbandner

(2003, 2) DRM

( )

��

CL

Starns & Hicks (2004)

(2009)

CL

CL

RIF

DRM

Remember/Know

( Rp

) CL CLRp

( Nrp ) CLNrp

old Rp+ > Nrp > Rp- CLRp

R Rp+

CLRp old CLNrp old

RIF

44

8

R

36

( 18 18 )

20.95 (SD = 1.55)

(Rp+ vs. Rp- vs. Nrp

vs. vs. CLRp vs. CLNrp)

6

17 ( ) 17

5

2

10 5 Rp

Nrp

(e.g. → → )

Rp Rp+

Rp-

SuperLab Pro

1

(

1 1

5

)

1 (1 3 )

10 R/K

R/K

( , 1999)

��

old R K

Table 1

6

3 (CLRp vs. CLNrp vs.

)

5 (Rp+ vs. Rp- vs. Nrp vs. CLRp vs.

CLNrp)

Ryan

old 3

(F (2, 70) = 170.28, p

< .001) CLRp

CLNrp

old (ps < .001)

5

(F (4, 140) = 11.90, p < .001)

Rp+ Rp- Nrp

CLRp CLNrp (ps

< .005) Rp- Nrp CLRp

CLNrp

(p < .01) Nrp CLRp

CLNrp (p < .01)

CLRp CLNrp

R 3

(F (2, 70) = 58.74, p

< .001) CLRp

CLNrp

R (ps < .001)

5

(F (4, 140) = 23.02, p

< .001) Rp+ Rp-

Nrp CLRp CLNrp

(ps < .001) Rp- CLRp

CLNrp (ps

< .01) Nrp

Nrp CLRp CLNrp

(ps < .001) CLRp

CLNrp

K 3

(F (2,

70) = 20.50, p < .001)

CLRp CLNrp

K (ps

< .001)

5

(F (4, 140) =

4.15, p < .005) Rp+

CLRp CLNrp

(ps < .005) Rp- Nrp

Rp- Nrp CLRp CLNrp

Nrp

Table 1 old R K ( SD )

Rp+ Rp- Nrp CLRp CLNrp

old 0.88 (0.10) 0.75 (0.13) 0.76 (0.12) 0.71 (0.25) 0.66 (0.23) 0.04 (0.05)

R 0.70 (0.15) 0.53 (0.16) 0.55 (0.14) 0.42 (0.23) 0.36 (0.26) 0.01 (0.02)

K 0.18 (0.13) 0.22 (0.15) 0.21 (0.13) 0.28 (0.29) 0.30 (0.26) 0.04 (0.04)

��

CLRp

CLNrp (p

< .10) CLRp CLNrp

Bäuml & Kuhbandner (2003) (2009)

CL old

5 2

CL old

CL old

CL

old 81.1% (SD =

0.10) 55.0% (SD = 0.14)

Table 2

old R

K Table 3

old R K

Table3 5

old

(F (4, 140)

= 2.43, p < .10)

Rp+ Rp- (p

< .005)

R

(F (4, 140) = 3.80, p

< .01) Rp+ Rp-

Nrp CLRp CLNrp

(ps < .05)

K

(F (4, 140) =

4.67, p < .005) CLNrp

Rp+ Rp- Nrp

(ps < .05) CLRp

(p < .10)

old

(F (4, 140) = 19.32,

p < .001) Rp+

( p s

< .05) Rp- CLRp CLNrp

(ps < .001) Nrp

Nrp

CLRp CLNrp

Table 2 old

R K ( SD )


old 0.87 (0.14) 0.74 (0.16) 0.77 (0.13) 0.80 (0.26) 0.82 (0.25)

R 0.69 (0.19) 0.51 (0.22) 0.54 (0.21) 0.50 (0.36) 0.48 (0.35)

K 0.14 (0.13) 0.20 (0.17) 0.21 (0.15) 0.24 (0.28) 0.33 (0.34)

Table 3 old

R K ( SD )


old 0.88 (0.11) 0.76 (0.16) 0.75 (0.15) 0.57 (0.37) 0.49 (0.34)

R 0.71 (0.16) 0.55 (0.17) 0.54 (0.16) 0.31 (0.28) 0.23 (0.27)

K 0.18 (0.14) 0.21 (0.16) 0.21 (0.16) 0.26 (0.32) 0.25 (0.30)

��

(ps < .001) CLRp CLNrp

R

(F (4,

140) = 32.15, p < .001)

Rp+

(ps < .005) Rp- CLRp CLNrp

(ps < .001) Nrp

Nrp

CLRp CLNrp

(ps < .001) CLRp CLNrp

K

(F (4,

140) = 1.32, n.s.)

DRM

(old/new ) old

Remember/Know

2 1)

old Rp+ > Nrp > Rp-

2) CLRp R Rp+

CLRp old CLNrp

old RIF

( ) RIF RIF

( Rp+

) CLRp

R

Rp+

K

CLRp CLNrp

old

RIF

old RIF

(2010)

(2010)

1

Koutstaal, Schacter, Johnson, &

Galluccio (1999, 2)

( )

old

Koutstaal et al. (1999)

(2014)

(1500ms) RIF

��

(5000ms)

Hicks & Starns (2004)

(2010) 3000ms

RIF

RIF

RIF

Rp+

Rp+

Rp-

CLRp

CLRp

Rp-

CLRp CLNrp old

RIF

RIF

3

CL

RIF

(2010, 2014)

RIF

Rp Nrp

CLRp CLNrp

Rp+

Rp+ Rp-

CLRp

RIF

(Anderson et al., 1994)

CLRp

RIF

CLRp

��

old

old

RIF

R

Rp+ CLRp

R

Rp+ CLRp

Roediger & McDermott (1995)

R

2

1 Roediger & McDermott

(1995 2)


Remember/Know

Roediger &

McDermott CL

CL R

R


( distinctiveness)

Roediger &

McDermott

CL R

Rp+ CLRp R

1

Gallo (2006 2010)

CL R

R

R CL R


(1995)

R 1

K

K CLNrp CLRp

(p < .10)

CLNrp K

CLRp K

2

CLRp CLNrp

CL

Rp+

CLRp CLNrp

CLRp

old

RIF

K

3

��

CL old

CL

CL

Rp+

Rp- CLRp

Rp- CLRp

Rp-

CLRp Rp+

CLRp Rp-

CLRp Rp-

CLRp

CLRp

R K

2

1

(2011)

2000ms

3000ms

1

(2011)

DRM

Remember/Know

1

Veling & van

Knippenberg (2004)

Remember/Know

��

old

1

RIF

RIF

Anderson, M. C., Bjork, R. A., & Bjork, E. L.

(1994). Remembering can cause forgetting:

Retrieval dynamics in long-term memory.

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning,

Memory, and Cognition, 20, 1063-1087.

Bäuml, K. H., & Kuhbandner, C. K. (2003).

Retrieval-induced forgetting and part-list cuing

in associatively structured lists. Memory &

Cognition, 31, 1188-1197.

Deese, J. (1959). On the prediction of occurrence of

particular verbal intrusions in immediate recall.

Journal of Experimental Psychology, 58, 17-22.

(1999).

, 42, 107-125.

Gardiner, J. M. (1988). Functional aspects of

recollective experience. Memory & Cognition,

16, 309-313.

Gallo, D. A. (2006). Associative illusions of

memory: False memory research in DRM and

related tasks. Psychology Press.

( , D. A. ( ) (2010).

)

Hicks, J. L., & Starns, J. J. (2004).

Retrieval-induced forgetting occurs in tests of

item recognition. Psychonomic Bulletin &

Review, 11, 125-130.

Koutstaal, W., Schacter, D. L., Johnson, M. K., &

Galluccio, L. (1999). Facilitation and

impairment of event memory produced by

photograph review. Memory & Cognition, 27,

478-493.

(2010).

, 81, 50-55.

(2014).

, 11,

97-104.

Roediger, H. L. III., & McDermott, K. B. (1995).

Creating false memories: Remembering words

not presented in lists. Journal of Experimental

Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition,

21, 803-814.

Starns, J. J., & Hicks, J. L. (2004). Episodic

generation can cause semantic forgetting:

Retrieval-induced forgetting of false memories.

Memory & Cognition, 32, 602-609.

(2009). DRM

, 3, 5-21.

(2011).

, 5, 23-38.

Veling, H., & van Knippenberg, A. (2004).

��

Remembering can cause inhibition:

Retrieval-induced inhibition as cue independent

process. Journal of Experimental Psychology:

Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 30, 315-318.

17

A (H) (L) (L) (H) (H)

H L

B (H) (L) (L) (L) (H)

H L

��

��

Documents

Û*f1 b è(ô) 9 c.k0° b#Õ2s * W I Okyoiku/info/zinbun/pdf/660118.pdfS8o% b Ì#Õ"á l gCL 8o% b.k Ì#Õ"á c>*)+ D ² ó b Q } b8o% b Ì#Õ"á \ 3Q K Z * ? W S G \ &g K S r SStarns

Ûf1 b è(ô) 9 c.k0° b#Õ2s W I Okyoiku/info/zinbun/pdf/660118.pdfS8o% b Ì#Õ"á l gCL 8o% b.k Ì#Õ"á c>)+ D ² ó b Q } b8o% b Ì#Õ"á \ 3Q K Z ? W S G \ &g K S r SStarns