Extreme Sports

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Extreme Sports. Expository Reading and Writing Course. Cage Fighting / MMA. 1. Street Luge. 1. Skateboarding. 1. X - Games. 1. More X Games. 1. X Games / Snowboarding. 1. Hangliding / Parasailing. ^^^Over Everest!!^^^. Base Jumping / Wingsuit Flying. Pair / Share. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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  • Extreme SportsExpository Reading and Writing Course

  • Cage Fighting / MMA1

  • Street Luge1

  • Skateboarding1

  • X - Games1

  • More X Games1

  • X Games / Snowboarding1

  • Hangliding / Parasailing^^^Over Everest!!^^^

  • Base Jumping / Wingsuit Flying

  • Pair / Share

    Why do you think people are attracted to extreme sport activities?

    Now that youve discussed the whys, what are the potential outcomes to participating in extreme sports?1

  • Background InformationLook at the pictures in Claire Davidsons article The Worlds Most Dangerous Sports. Do they frighten you? Do they motivate you to learn more about any sport?

    1

  • Lets Read!The Worlds Most Dangerous Sports (first 9 paragraphs)In groups, read your assigned section and summarize or paraphrase that section in writing. Do a good job, because.Each group will present their summaries to the rest of the class. See why I told you to do a good job? 2

  • What do you think?Now that youve read it, what do you think is the purpose of Ms. Davidsons article?Is it a warning? Is it merely informative? Etc.

    2

  • Write a short paragraph explaining which extreme sport would be the most exciting or frightening to you. Which would you be least or most likely to participate in? Why or why not? 2

  • Brainstorm!!!!What are some words that you associate with extreme sports?2

  • Are extreme sports a good idea? Why or why not?2

  • Surveying The TextWhat does the title Extreme Sports Not About Risk-Taking: Study tell you about the authors point of view on the dangers and reasons people participate in extreme sports?What is the purpose of the article?2

  • Surveying the TextWhat does the title Camp For Kids With Autism Offers Extreme Therapy suggest about the authors position or point of view on the dangers and reasons people participate in extreme sports?What is the purpose of the article?

    2

  • Surveying the TextWhat does the title A Solemn Warning to Wingsuit Flyers by Lola Jones suggest about the authors position or point of view on the dangers and reasons people participate in extreme sports?What do you feel is the purpose of the article?

    2

  • Surveying the TextOn the basis of the title A Solemn Warning to Wingsuit Flyers, what do you think the authors position will be?Consider the source: is it a blog, an editorial, or an informational report?

    2

  • Surveying the TextBased on the titles, in what ways do you tnink Jones article will be similar or different to the Donvan article, Camp for kids with Autism Offers Extreme Therapy? In what ways will it be different?

    2

  • Making Predictions and Asking QuestionsConsidering the article Extreme Sports Not About Risk-taking: Study, what arguments do you think the author will make?Lets read the first four paragraphs.Where does the introduction end in Extreme Sports Not About Risk-taking: Study?

    3

  • Making Predictions and Asking QuestionsLets read the first three paragraphs of A Solemn Warning To Wingsuit Flyers. According to the text, was your original prediction about the authors content and purpose correct?Where does the introduction end in this article?

    3

  • Making Predictions and Asking QuestionsLets read the first two paragraphs of ABC News Camp for Kids with Autism Offers Extreme Therapy. What question would you most like to ask Donvan?Maybe something like: What is autism? What does autism have to do with taking extreme risks?

    3

  • Making Predictions and Asking QuestionsIn the last paragraph of Donvans article, what word or phrase(s) seem to give his argument ethos, or credibility?He offers proof because he states that the sign the camp works: Most of the campers come back.3

  • Making Predictions and Asking QuestionsReword the titles and subtitles and turn them into questions to be answered after you read the full articles.What is the solemn warning to Wingsuit Flyers?Are Extreme Sports about the risk taking? How does the camp benefit kids with autism?3

  • Making Predictions and Asking QuestionsLets read the last paragraphs of each of the articles.How are they different?Jones: Ends with condolences to those close to Robson.Donvan: Ends with praise for the camp and its success.Extreme Sports not about the risk ends with testimony acknowledging people for different reasons other than an adrenaline rush.

    3

  • Making Predictions and Asking QuestionsWhat is the source of each article (magazine, journal, blog, newspaper, etc.) and why does it matter?

    3

  • Introducing Key Vocabulary4those addicted to the rush adrenaline produces when taking risks or facing dangerAn idea or affliction causing suffering to someoneignore internal warning signsOur natural resistance to riskTrait linked to our DNACondition in which stimulation drastically affects a persons behaviorinstinctiveNot official

    TermsDefinitionKnow itHeard ItDont Know Itadrenaline junkies

    syndrome

    lose inhibitionsaversion to riskgenetic conditionautism

    visceral unsanctioned

  • Semantic MapIn groups, create a semantic map for each of the vocabulary terms on the chart.For Example:4Reason:

    ThrillChallengeDefy death

    Activity:

    Base JumpingWingsuit FlyingParasailing

    adrenaline junkieResult:

    Personal ChallengeBucket ListLive Like Larry

  • First Reading Extreme Sports Not About Risk-taking: StudyLets finally read all of these articles in their entirety, starting with Extreme Sports Not About Risk-taking: StudyOf your original predictions, which were right? Which did you have to modify as you reread the article?

    5

  • First Reading Extreme Sports Not About Risk-taking: StudyIdentify the sentence that includes the main idea of the article.Paragraph 3: Dr. Brymer found that, although the image of those who take part in extreme sports was that of risk-takers and adrenaline junkies, the opposite was true.

    5

  • First Reading A Solemn Warning to Wingsuit FlyersSAY / MEAN / MATTER: What does it SAY, what does it MEAN, and why does it MATTER?Complete the chart on to answer these questions: Does the Lola Jones have a position or bias on the issue? What, if anything, does Jones suggest needs to be done about the issue? What did she SAY? What did she MEAN? Why does it MATTER?5

  • First Reading Camp for Kids with Autism Offers Extreme TherapySelect one phrase, statement or fact that surprised you about kids with autism. Why did it surprise you? What does it SAY / MEAN / MATTER?5

  • First Reading: Say/Mean/MatterYouve identified some important facts or points from each of the articles. Using the chart, discuss in groups what those facts and points actually mean in regards to the issue, and how or why it is important.What does it Say / Mean / Matter?

  • First Reading: Say / Mean / MatterYouve identified some important facts or points from each of the articles in the previous activity. In groups, and using the following table, discuss what the facts and points actually mean in regards to the issue, and why or how it is important to the issue. After a bit, well be sharing our findings.6

  • First Reading Say / Mean / MatterSolemn Warning Jones Paragraph 9It is an inherently dangerous sport, but a sport participated in by people with huge skydiving experienceWingsuit flying is dangerousBe very experienced in a related sport before tryingImplies that people need to make up their own mind if this is for them or notCamp for kids with autism., Para. 24Gilstrap wants campers to struggle, but only so much.Doesnt want them to struggle too muchHe wants them to achieve difficult goals, but not push themselves too farShows he has the kids best interests in mind.6

    Source: Title & Author Location: page & paragraphExcerpt / text What does it SAY?What does it MEAN?Why does it MATTER?

  • Looking Closely at Language:Loaded WordsDoes anyone remember recently talking about words that have a negative or positive connotation? Anyone? Anyone?

    Loaded words are words or phrases that reveal an authors bias on an issue or point in a text.6

  • Looking Closely at LanguageLoaded WordsIf we scan the article Extreme Sports Not About Risk Taking we can look for loaded words that clearly show that the author has an opinion or bias about a fact or piece of information.6

  • Looking Closely at LanguageLoaded Words6Adrenaline JunkiesPeople who crave adrenalineReveals some in society may have a negative connotation towards extreme sports participationExtreme SportsIn groups, scan through the articles and see if you can find more loaded words. Find at least two per article!

    Loaded Word or PhraseLiteral MeaningAuthors Bias SuggestedArticle / Source

  • Rereading The TextI-ChartAs you reread the articles, complete the following I-Chart to help compare and contrast key ideas from the articles so each authors position to significant issues presented and the points each author makes about the issues can be analyzed.This I-Chart asks three questions that each article addresses in some way.

  • I-Chart

    ArticleHow does the article characterize people that participate in Extreme Sports?What is the authors bias on Extreme Sports?Effects of Extreme Sports

  • Rereading and Annotating the TextSo lets reread Davidsons article and make annotations to identify the following:

    Draw a line where the Introduction ends. Where does the author stop making general statements and begin making a specific point about extreme sports?

  • Rereading and Annotating the Text2. What is the issue or problem being addressed?Label each point or topic sentence at the beginning of each sentence in either the margin or in the space between each line. Label the first point P1, the second P2 and so on.

  • Rereading and Annotating the Text3. Authors supporting evidenceUse parenthesis { } to identify the facts, opinions and comments the text provides to support each point.The { } should begin at the end of one point and include each supporting commentary until the next point begins.The { } should stretch down the paper until the next point begins, where you label the second point, P2

  • Rereading and Annotating the Text4. Now draw a line where the Conclusion begins.See how easy this can be?

  • Considering the Structure of the Text OrganizationAs you reread the texts, you are to evaluate the organization of each authors argument or text. Was the information presented in a plot line, like a narrative text or story? Was a problem stated, then solutions discussed, or were things paired in a cause and effect organization: problem statement then results, effects or outcomes of the issue or events?

  • Considering the Structure of the Text OrganizationSo lets answer the following questions:How was Jones article A Solemn Warning to Wingsuit Flyers, organized?Sequential gives background information on Robson, his qualifications, then the facts behind his death.

  • Considering the Structure of the Text OrganizationHow was Donvans article organized? Is there a sequence of events or does he begin by identifying a problem and stating what the Camp does for the kids?Problem/ solution autism is defined; kids are mentioned that are diagnosed with it; how the camps benefits (effects) them is discussed.

  • Considering the Structure of the Text OrganizationHow was the Extreme Sports Not About Risk-taking: Study article organized?

    Cause and Effect. States beliefs of why people participate in extreme sports, then states results of study to prove/disprove.

  • Considering the Structure of the Text OrganizationHow was the Davidson article organized?

  • Considering the Structure of the TextLook at the texts that have headings. Lets examine how the headings work. In your notebook, answer the following: Do they divide large portions of text into manageable sections?Do they give a brief summary of the content in the next few paragraphs?

  • Considering the Structure of the TextDo they provide key words for the reader?Do some of the heading seem to recur, indicating the headings are used regularly by the scholars in the discipline?

    Now that youve seen how headings work, were going to provide headings for the articles that dont have them.

  • Considering the Structure of the TextLets look at the headings you created yesterday remember those?

  • Considering the Structure of the TextDirections: Support at least two of the unique headings you created yesterday by completing a graphic organizer with words or phrases from the text that are the evidence on which you based your heading. I didnt make you a graphic organizer. You have to create your own so there.10c

  • Considering the Structure of the TextWrite your heading in the center of the organizer. Lets do a web, much like our semantic map, shall we? Remember those?For the other circles, choose an active verb from the word bank that best describes what you feel to be the authors intent; then, provide the words and phrases from the text you based your claim on. Use quotation marks to identify the authors specific words. 10c

  • Considering the Structure of the TextThis will help you to give credit to others words when you use them to make and support your own points in your writing later.

    Active Verb Word Bank:informs, persuades, denies, argues, justifies, elaborates, introduces, concludes10c

  • Considering the Structure of the TextYou are to use A Solemn Warning for Wingsuit Flyers, however I am going to use Extreme Sports Not About Risk-taking: Study.HEADING: Risk: Missing The PointVERBS: informsarguesconcludesBASIS FOR VERB: researchdifferent framework from traditional understanding

  • Whos On First?

  • Sentence StartersSometimes starting a sentence is the most difficult part of writing. Especially when you are talking about something from a source and you have to differentiate from your own voice. You might also be in the position of comparing or contrasting different sources - so how do you get those differing voices to have a conversation?13

  • Sentence StartersThese sentence starters will help you include key facts and information from an article into your own words. This will give your writing ethos, or credibility. However, when you use the words of others, you must give them credit for their own writing and work. 13

  • Sentence StartersThe following are examples of sentence starters for Extreme Sports Not About Risk Taking: Study.. Dr. Brymer states that He also argues that It is also clear that Dr. Brymer believes While Dr. Brymer found that

    13

  • Sentence StartersThe following are generic sentence starters you may wish to use: The issue of ______ has several different perspectives. While some experts disagree on what to do about...13

  • Sentence StartersThese starters help you introduce ideas from particular writers: Noted researcher (authors name here) argues that . . . In a groundbreaking article, (authors name here) states that . . . According to (authors name here) . . .13

  • Sentence StartersContrary or opposing views can be signaled by these sentence starters: However, the data presented by Dr. Phil McGraw shows . . . On the other hand, Terry T. Teacher believes . . 13

  • Sentence StartersThese sentence starters help you to add your own voice to your writing: Although some argue for ______, others argue for ______. In my view . . . Though researchers disagree, clearly . . . 13

  • Sentence StartersSo lets come up with our own sentence starters! For exampleFrom Lola Jones article A Solemn Warning to Wingsuit Flyers:In an article for Xtreme Sport, Lola Jones states thatIt is clear that Ms. Jones believes that.

    13

  • Sentence StartersTHINK/PAIR/SHARE

    Look at the article Camp for Kids with Autism Offers Extreme Therapy. With your elbow partner, come up with three sentence starters.

    13

  • Using the Words of Others to Create a VoiceYou will be taking other authors information and using it so support your own claims There are three ways to do this:Direct quotation: In Extreme Sports Not About Risk-taking: Study Dr. Brymer found that people who participate in extreme sports have an image of risk takers and adrenaline junkies, which he found really isnt true. (Paragraph 3)13

  • Using the Words of Others to Create a VoiceParaphrase: In Extreme Sports Not About Risk-taking: Study, Dr. Brymer notes that people who participate in extreme sports try to be prepared so they can decrease their risk of injury. (Paragraph 8)

    13

  • Using the Words of Others to Create a VoiceSummary: In Extreme Sports Not About Risk-taking: Study, Dr. Brymer cites study after study to show that many people who participate in extreme sports do so for reasons other than an adrenaline rush. He points out that they dont like to be out of control and that by preparing for their sport they feel they are really in control. (Paragraph 11)

    13

  • Putting It TogetherLook at the article Camp for Kids with Autism Offers Extreme Therapy Choose a main point or idea from the article.Use or modify the sentence starters you created previously.Decide what method youd like to use (direct quotation, paraphrase or summary) and build a sentence or statement that you might use for your essay. 13Want me to show you? Id LOVE to!

  • Putting It TogetherFOR EXAMPLE:An ideas or point from Lola Jones article A Solemn Warning to Wingsuit Flyers:Wingsuit flying and BASE jumping probably the most dangerous of all.Choose or create a sentence starter: 13Lola Jones states that

  • Putting It TogetherDecide whether to use direct quotation, paraphrase and summary. Lets choose direct quote and build the statement:Lola Jones states that wingsuit flying and BASE jumping probably the most dangerous of all. Were not there yet this isnt quite right. We have to make the quote fit and create a more complete statement.13

  • Putting It TogetherWe can keep the quote intact and add a phrase to help complete its context, like:All extreme sports carry some element of risk, however Lola Jones states that wingsuit flying and BASE jumping probably the most dangerous of all.Or we can edit within the quote something like: Lola Jones states that wingsuit flying and BASE jumping [are] probably the most dangerous [extreme sports] of all. 13

  • Putting It Together

    Camp for Kids with Autism Offers Extreme Therapy Choose a main point or idea from the article.Use or modify the sentence starters you created previously.Decide what method youd like to use (direct quotation, paraphrase or summary) and build a sentence or statement that you might use for your essay. 13

  • Thinking CriticallyWhat is rhetoric?noun\re-t-rik\: language that is intended to influence people and that may not be honest or reasonablethe art or skill of speaking or writing formally and effectively especially as a way to persuade or influence people

  • Thinking CriticallySo what makes rhetoric effective? Effective rhetoric draws the reader in and help the reader connect with a point of view at two levels:Emotional (pathos) Do the authors claims make you angry, sad, happy or concerned?Logical (logos) Do the authors claims seem appropriate? Is what they suggest realistic or even possible, or is it silly and impossible?

  • Thinking CriticallyEffective rhetoric also has credibility (ethos); you can trust what the author says because they rely on facts, studies and experts commenting on the issue they are arguing. Does their information come from reliable sources?

  • Thinking CriticallyThese are the basic questions that will help you to identify and analyze an authors rhetorical appeals to emotion, logic and credibility. These questions will help you understand what an author says or claims and analyze the strength of the claim.Ethos, pathos and logos are three terms that are the foundation of any rhetorical text or argument.

  • Answer the following questions:What major claims are made in the text? Can you think of any counter arguments the author didnt consider?Does the author have the appropriate background to speak with authority on the subject?Do you feel the author is trying to manipulate their readers emotionally?Who does the author use as sources? Are they experts? Did the author rely too much on their opinion?

  • Writing AssignmentYou will have 45 minutes to write an essay on the topic below. This is a rough draft. You will be directed to participate in several activities to revise and edit your paper before it is final.Before you begin writing, read the passage carefully and plan what you will say.

  • Writing AssignmentChoose ONE of the following quotes and:Explain the quotes or authors claim or argumentDiscuss the extent to which you agree with the claim using any or all of the articles you have read during this unit, your own experiences, and observations.Be sure to use specific examples to support your claim

  • Writing AssignmentConsider the following quotes about risk and caution to complete your essay:Security is a kind of death. - Tennessee Williams

    Beware the hobby that eats. - Benjamin Franklin

  • Yeah, No. No. Not Really.Mrs. Moring and I talked it over. We didnt like the prompt. We didnt like the quotes. We were concerned that you would light torches and grab pitchforks. And, quite frankly, who needs that?Not me. Nor Mrs. Moring. Neither do you, really. Its the kind of thing that stays in your file.Lets move on.

  • Getting Ready To WriteSo, lets look back at the Thinking Critically section from last time. What were the three elements in rhetorical writing? I called them the legs of a stool.Ethos, pathos and logos!I know we worked in big groups last time, so now that we have that under our belts, lets ask those questions one more time, about Extreme Sports Not About Risk-taking: Study

  • Answer the following questions:What major claims are made in the text? Can you think of any counter arguments the author didnt consider?Does the author have the appropriate background to speak with authority on the subject?Do you feel the author is trying to manipulate their readers emotionally?Who does the author use as sources? Are they experts? Did the author rely too much on their opinion?

  • Getting Ready To WriteIn Extreme Sports Not About Risk-taking: Study, what major claims are made in the text? (Hint: there are 4) Can you think of any counter arguments the author didnt consider?The article Extreme Sports Not About Risk-taking: Study makes four claims:People who participate in extreme sports are not adrenaline junkies.

  • Getting Ready To WriteNext, it is stated that participants get a real sense of peace from the extreme activities they choose. While some are attracted to the risk taking component of extreme sports, most see the risk as a negative thing. Lastly, the article clarifies that most people negate the risk factor and possible harm through careful preparation.

  • Getting Ready To WriteCounter arguments:A counter argument that the article Extreme Sports Not About Risk-taking: Study did not address is reasons why those who are addicted to risk, as stated in paragraph 12. I would like to have more information as to why they see risk as a positive thing when the majority of extreme sport participants do not.

  • Getting Ready To WriteIs the author knowledgeable on the subject?The author appears to be qualified to report on the subject. He obtained his information from a highly knowledgeable source, Dr. Brymer, a doctor and lecturer from the School of Human Movement Studies in the Faculty of Health. I feel he could be more credible if the author informed us what company or university the doctor is affiliated with and how long he has been conducting his research.

  • Getting Ready To WriteDo you feel the author is trying to emotionally manipulate the reader?I do not feel there is any manipulation on the part of the author. The author has a very neutral or unbiased tone throughout the article; he uses several direct quotes from Dr. Brymer without including any of his own opinions or conclusions. He even ends the article with a quote from Dr. Brymer leaving him to have the last word.

  • Getting Ready To WriteWho does the author use as sources? Are they experts? Did the author rely too much on their opinion?This has been answered above. Dr. Brymer appears to be a reliable, expert source. The author did not really rely too much on his opinion because the article was primarily about Dr. Brymers study.

  • Getting Ready To WriteThe following quote, from Extreme Sports Not About Risk-taking: Study is the prompt for your essay. First, youll create a thesis statement, based on whether or not you agree with the quote, and you will back up your thesis with evidence from the four articles, arguments and counter arguments.

  • Writing PromptOne thing that came up was that they realize people see them as risk-takers, but they do not see themselves that way at all, and they cited the road as a comparison, saying that crossing the road or driving was more risky. - Extreme Sports Not About Risk-Taking: Study (Paragraph 9)

  • Prompt (Continued)Explain the authors argument and discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with their analysis. Support your position, providing reasons and examples from your own experience, observations, or reading.

  • Formulating a Working ThesisIn rhetorical writing, you must have a single point, or thesis, that ties together all of the ideas in your paper. To develop a clear thesis, consider the following questions:

  • Formulating a Working ThesisWhat is the authors claim? How does it differ or how is it similar to my claim? What supporting evidence do I have, and what is the source?You can create a chart, if you think it might be helpful, to answer these questions.17a

  • Formulating a Working ThesisAnswer the following:What is the issue or question you are addressing? (your tentative thesis)What support from your notes and annotations have you found for your thesis? (these are your points)What evidence have you found for this support (e.g., facts, statistics, statements from authorities, personal experience, anecdotes, scenarios, and examples)?

    17b

  • Formulating a Working ThesisHow much background information do your readers need to understand your topic and thesis?If readers were to disagree with your thesis or the validity of your support, what would they say? How would you address their concerns (what would you say to them)?17b

  • Formulating a Working ThesisYou are to assume you are writing for an educated audience. Now brainstorm the following: How much background knowledge does your audience have on the topic?What questions or arguments do you think your audience might have regarding your claim and evidence?

    17b

  • Formulating a Working ThesisNow that you have collected and analyzed information regarding the topic and your audience, you are ready to write your thesis. A thesis, however, has to be very concise; you dont want to confuse your reader from the start. It is the first impression you make on your reader. Create your own opener that fits your thesis. The following are examples only they may not work for you!17c

  • Formulating a Working ThesisWhile the issue of ______ has several different perspectives, I have discovered Extreme sports can fascinate, thrill, or terrify us. One question, however, is why people Experts disagree on why people choose While some believe extreme sports are _____, I feel they are ____.17c

    *