Extra Questions on Facts, Inferences and Judgements (FIJ)

7/27/2019 Extra Questions on Facts, Inferences and Judgements (FIJ)

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Facts,Inferences

andJudgements


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DIRECTIONS: Each question has a set of four sequentially ordered statements. Each statement can be classified as one of the following.

Facts, which deal with pieces of information that

one has heard, seen or read, and which are open todiscovery or verification (the answer optionindicates such a statement with an F).

Inferences, which are conclusions drawn about the

unknown, on the basis of the known (the answer option indicates such a statement with an I). Judgements, which are opinions that imply approval

or disapproval of persons, objects, situations andoccurrences in the past, present or the future (theanswer option indicates such a statement with a J).

Select the answer option that best describes the set of four statements .


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Q.11. In the present International business scenario,

English has become the lingua franca of the world.2. This is because the two of the most powerful

economies, America and Britain, are Englishspeaking.3. English is being taught in schools, in India for over

two hundred years, the reason why the outsourcing

business is doing exceedingly well.4. The extensive literature in English coupled with the

fact that there are more English teachers then anyother language, makes it the second most spokenlanguage in the world.(1) IJII (2) FIJI(3) FIIF (4) FJIJ

(5) IJFJ


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Q.21. We go about our quotidian lives understanding

almost nothing of the world.2. In Vedic literature, Sun to man is the omnipresent

celestial manifestation of god, making him give littlethought to the mechanisms which generate sunlight.3. There are forces of nature such as gravity, which

glues us to Earth, without which there would be no

life on this planet.4. Understanding these not so convoluted mechanisms

can lead to phenomenal discoveries.(1) FIFJ (2) JIFJ(3) FIJJ (4) IIFJ(5) IFFJ


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Q.31. The nocturnal croaking of frogs and the

mesmerizing dancing of peacocks made Rajuannounce that the monsoon rains were imminent.

2. The mighty Himalayas prevent the monsoon cloudsfrom flying away saving India from becoming adesert.

3. The Meteorological Department has established a

special cell to track monsoon winds.4. The monsoon clouds inspired Kalidas to write the

poem Meghdoot.(1) JIFJ (2) JFFJ(3) IIFJ (4) IIFF(5) IFFJ


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Q.41. Chess, which originated from Chaturanga, in India, is

one game where nothing is left to chance, giving riseto the theory that Indians leave nothing to chance.

2. Chess is also game of strategic skills, patience,memory and analytical ability which makes it a greattool for students of Military Science.

3. Vishwanathan Anand, in an interview said that,

swimming and workouts, helped him to keep matchfit , and improved his powers of concentration.4. Because of the growing popularity of chess, the prize

money has been raised to 1.3 million dollars this year

for the World Championships.(1) FFIJ (2) JFIJ(3) FJIF (4) JIFI(5) IJFJ


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Q.51. When man first saw some primates use a stick to

break open a nut, he got the idea of makingimplements.

2. According to anthropologists and archaeologists,antediluvian man first started making tools 40,000years ago.

3. He started covering his body, with animal skins

around ten thousand years ago, resulting in thegradual loss of body hair.

4. The 30,000 year old cave paintings in Bhimbetkasuggest that the location of the first humansettlements in the sub-continent was here.(1) IFIJ (2) JFII(3) JFJI (4) JFIF

(5) FFIJ


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Q.61. Shortly after Japan votes to determine the balance of

power in its upper house, American lawmakers are set topass a resolution calling for the country to apologiseofficially for forcing thousands of comfort women intosexual slavery during the second world war.

2. Shinzo Abeassuming he will remain as Japans primeministerfaces diplomatic embarrassment.

3. The resolution before the House of Representatives willbring further international scrutiny onto Japans wartimeactivities.

4. Mr. Abe recently insisted that there was no evidence thatsome 200,000 mainly Korean and Chinese women wereabducted and forced to work in military brothels.(1) JIIJ (2) FJIF(3) JIJI (4) FIIJ

(5) FJJJ


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Q.71. It is a race of punishing extremes.2. For three weeks men on bikes cover some 3,500km

of French countryside at speeds that would test a

Citron 2CV.3. From the high passes of the Alps and Pyrenees to

long, hot days on the straight, seemingly endlesslanes of rural France, it is unsurprising that not all200 riders make it to the finish line of the Tour deFrance on the Champs Elyse in Paris.

4. This year the race has had some notable casualties.

(1) FFFF (2) JFIJ(3) JFII (4) JFJF(5) FFIJ


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Q.81. Although the chance of an impact may be small in

any given year, the consequences could beenormous.

2. The effect of an impact depends on an objects sizeand speed. A meteorite a few metres wide couldlevel a city.

3. The largest (a kilometre or more in diameter) could

wreak ecological havoc across the entire globe.4. David Morrison, a NASA scientist, argued at arecent conference that a large meteorite strike is theonly known disaster (except perhaps global nuclear war) that could put civilisation at risk.(1) JIIF (2) IJJF(3) JFJF (4) JIJJ

(5) IJFF


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Q.91. Perhaps Mr. Murdoch will make a mess of the Wall

Street Journal by undermining its editorialindependencethough surely he is too shrewd a

businessman to mess with so valuable a brand.2. His next big challenge will be to make a success of thebusiness-news channel he is launching in October.

3. Given the consistent excellence of the incumbentmarket leader, CNBC, that will not be easy.

4. On the other hand, if Mr. Murdoch really wants toprove he is not too old, what could be better than tosweet talk CNBCs greatest asset, Maria Bartiromo,the Money Honey , into switching sides?(1) JJJJ (2) IIII(3) JFFJ (4) JIFI

(5) JIFJ


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Q.101. Certainly the evidence so far is that stretching

democratic principles to accommodateundemocratic countries does not spread freedom,but merely dents those principles.

2. Admitting Russia to the Council of Europe, another talking-shop with a grand human-rights mandate,now looks premature to say the least.

3. The same applies to the G8, supposedly a groupingof big advanced democracies.4. Official harassment of pro-democracy protesters

made Russias G8 summit in St Petersburg last year a shameful farce.(1) IFFI (2) IIJI(3) IJJJ (4) JJII

(5) JJJI


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Q.111. Rich countries have much to gain from an EU single

market that strives for free movement of people,goods and capital.

2. And there are sound economic and politicalarguments for investing in backward parts of such anopen economic zone.

3. EU projects in poor neighbourhoods are notoriouslyprone to corruption and waste, but the risks are

matched by high rates of return.4. Invest the right funds in new members, and you cancreate new consumers and new markets, stabilisefragile democracies and limit the risk of massive,

uncontrolled migration within the EU.(1) JJJJ (2) FIIJ(3) JIFJ (4) JFIJ(5) IJJI


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Q.121. There will be a Potter annuity for decades to come - a

boxed set of the seven titles is out in October - but thecompany must prove that its successive Potter windfallshave been invested wisely.

2. The stock markets ambivalent view on Bloomsburyspreparations frustrates Newton, who has seen thecompanys shares drift down to 166p, far from the 374pthey reached when the sixth Potter was published twoyears ago.

3. The real question is what is going to happen in 2008 and2009 and why should shareholders feel reassured abouttheir holdings. Well you aint seen nothing yet, he says.

4. If you look at the list we have put together and thestrategic decisions we have made for the business, youwill see a very strong publishing group in action.(1) FIFF (2) FIIJ(3) JIFJ (4) JFFJ(5) JIFF


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Q.131. Most intriguingly, the thought of a news collection

and distribution organisation without print or paper raises the prospect of a quite different future for

journalists:2. One where few of the old skills and few of the newconvergences are particularly relevant.

3. One where a start-up news gathering operation on

the net would train and hire web people, notconverts from print with ink on their hands.4. And if you can start from scratch without going

through the toils and costs of transition, why not

start a paperless paper of your own?(1) FFFI (2) IJJF(3) IFFI (4) JIIF(5) IJJJ


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Q.141. It might look a bit childish when you see it in a two-

minute highlight package at the close of play, butthere is a lot at stake.

2. That is not to say there wasnt many years ago butthere is more sledging now.

3. As long as the players are getting on as they walkoff the pitch and the animosity does not carry on,then the gamesmanship is being conducted in theright spirit.

4. Gamesmanship takes place in every sport. At Test

level, cricket is all about your mental strength.(1) JJJJ (2) FIIJ(3) IIIJ (4) JFIJ(5) IJJI


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Q.151. The problem of the terrain and tribalism, of a

dissonant, dislocated medieval society armed with hi-tech weaponry, is also the problem of Pakistan.

2. And the reason, now, that NATO generals andWashington planners grow visibly alarmed, is alsoPakistan.

3. Take any relevant war you like. If your enemy can flitback and forth across a porous border, reinforcing or withdrawing at will, eventual failure comesguaranteed. It was how the west humiliated the Red

Army years ago.4. The Russians couldnt find Bin Laden then; his

erstwhile bankrollers cant find him now.(1) JIIF (2) IJIJ(3) JJIF (4) JIII(5) FFIF


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Q.161. Said to be a brainchild of former President A.P.J. AbdulKalam, the concept of mobile court is based on the pressing

need to take the administration of civil and criminal justicecloser to the people so that those living in remote areas areable to benefit without incurring the expenses of travelling tocourts at distant places.

2. Speaking on the occasion, Mr. Hooda said, We chose Mewatfor inaugurating the first mobile court because of its abysmalliteracy rate and as it is the most backward district of Haryana.We need further innovations such as these in the judiciary totake our country forward.

3. The mobile court would be staffed like a regular court andtransact serious judicial business in both civil and criminalcases through a full-fledged trial.

4. It would be presided over by an Additional Civil Judge-cum-Sub-Divisional Judicial Magistrate.(1) FIIF (2) FIIJ(3) JFJF (4) FFFF(5) IFJF


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Q.171. The convergence between Irans oil resources and the

political conditions created by the U.S. boycott of Iranare undermining American power in three distinct ways.

2. First, it is putting increasing strain on Washingtonsrelations with its allies like the European Union, Japanand even Pakistan, all of whom would like to pursue acloser energy relationship with Tehran.

3. Second, Iran is building stronger political and economiclinks with Russia and China and even India, whichfurther reduces Americas room for manoeuvre.

4. Third, Iranian oil undermines U.S. power directly byserving as a source of revenue for the Islamic regime inTehran.(1) FJIJ (2) FIIJ(3) JIIJ (4) JFIJ(5) IJJJ


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Q.181. He is at once detached and passionate when arguing

against the injustice that Wisden did in ignoringTendulkar while picking the hundred best centuries inTest history: To grade a single batting performance... in

the light of victory and defeat, is to place on it a burdenthat it shouldnt have to bear.2. Worse, such a judgement is untrue to the moment and to

the experience of contemporary spectators.3. Innings that subsequently seem decisive more often

than not begin and end with the issue unresolved andthe match in the balance.

4. Subsequent performances by others in the team,bowlers, batsmen and fielders, build on the promise of the innings or betray it.(1) FJFI (2) JJJJ(3) FJJI (4) JFIJ(5) IJJJ


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Q.191. The knowledge that he can thwart Western designs, allied to

the self-confidence engendered by Russias economicrevival and his strangulation of domestic opposition, hasallowed Mr Putin to indulge his sense of grievance atRussias diminished status.

2. When the Kremlin intimidates foreign diplomats, meddles inits neighbours affairs or threatens to withdraw, as Mr Putinhas done from arms-control agreements, it is committing asort of blackmail with menaces: put up with this, is the

implication, or worse will follow.3. The West has mostly tolerated these anticsuntil this week.4. The British government has evidently decided that Russian

insouciance over what was, in effect, a miniature act of nuclear terrorism on the streets of London, was aprovocation too far.(1) IIFI (2) FIJJ(3) IJJJ (4) JFIJ(5) IFJI


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1. Even as EU makes a strong case against Indiasprotectionism, the government should lower tariffs torope in the unorganised sector and give the consumer a better deal in terms of prices and variety.

2. Indias experience in opening up its markets tomanufactured products has, in fact, helped it attainglobal standards and penetrate other markets.

3. There is no reason for liquor to be treated as anexception to this rule.

4. By lowering import levies, India can make out a caseagainst barriers on its spirits in overseas markets and

seek to secure greater market share with itsmolasses-based products.(1) JIFJ (2) FJIJ(3) JIJI (4) JIFI

(5) IIFI

Q.20


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1. The SCs recommendation that the institution of learning where offensive ragging has taken place must f ilean FIR in the event of a complaint, is an important step inrecognising the problem and opening a way to resolve it.

2. Accountability of the perpetrator and the institution tomaintain discipline and order can only be possible if reporting and filing of complaints is made mandatory.

3. Expulsion of student offenders and economic sanctionsagainst institutions that refuse to take action as per the SCs injunctions should go a long way in curbingthe heinous practice of indecent ragging.

4. Indecent ragging leads to mental disturbance of thevictims in the long run.(1) JJJJ (2) JJJI(3) FIJI (4) IFJJ(5) JFIJ

Q.21


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1. In 1991, the central governments fast-track policyof opening up power generation to privateinvestment saw many government officials goaround the world on road shows to attractinvestment.

2. Two companies came Cogentrix and Enron.3. Cogentrix fled and Enron bent rules for making big

profits at high electricity tariffs.4. After Enron collapsed in the US, India paid lavishlyto pay lenders and equity holders and nowgenerates power at Dabhol that the customer finds

too expensive.(1) FFII (2) IFFJ(3) FJIJ (4) JFFF(5) FFJI

Q.22


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1. A vendor who sells unpalatable, dirty or unhygienicfood would get edged out of business by marketforces.

2. It is the job of health and food inspectors to carry out

regular checks to ensure cleanliness.3. But to attempt to standardise the food would be

tantamount to replacing vibrant street food withcookie cutter predictable fare that will neither entertain nor entice.

4. When a food chain store in Chennai experimentedwith roll-out dosas via a vending machine, the

enterprise failed miserably after the initial curiosity totry something new.(1) JIIF (2) JJIF(3) FJIF (4) JIII

(5) IJIF

Q.23


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Solutions1. Ans.(3). Statement 1 a fact acknowledged statement 2 judgment as it is an opinion statement 3. inference as thefirst part is a fact second a conclusion drawn. Statement4 the second part is a fact the first does not necessarilylead to i t.

2. Ans.(2). Statement 1 an opinion not based on anything.

statement 2 the first part is a fact second a inferencedrawn from it statement 3, fact statement 4. Opinionhence judgment

3. Ans.(3). Statement 1 the first part is when Raju saw andheard the second he assumes statement 2 the first is afact the second assumption. Statement 3 is a verifiablefact. Statement 4 tricky! Clouds did inspire need notbe monsoon.


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4. Ans.(4). Statement 1 the first part is fact the second

opinion based on it statement 2. the second is a surmisebased on the first part. Statement 3. quotes makes it afact. Statement 4. the prize money could be raised for other reasons too.

5. Ans.(2). Statement 1 cannot be proven; an assumptionstatement 2. established fact. Statement 3 the first hasbeen established the second an educated guess.Statement.4. Inference, based on what the paintings seemto suggest.

6. Ans.(2). Statement 2 is an opinion held by the author.Hence, it can be taken as judgement. This rules outoptions 1, 3 and 4 as the answer. In statement 4, theauthor is not passing a judgement; rather he is merelyciting facts. Therefore, option 5 cannot be theanswer.


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7. Ans.(4). The usage of the phrases a race of punishingextremes in statement 1 and it is unsurprising that instatement 3 proves that these are opinions of a personand hence judgements. Statements 2 and 4 are pieces of information and so are facts.

8. Ans.(1). In this question, statements 2 and 3 areinferences. Statement 2 consists of two sentences. Thesecond one is a conclusion drawn on the basis of thefirst. Whereas, in statement 3 the phrase could wreakdenotes that it is an inference. Statement 1 is an opinionand so a judgement, while statement 4 just cites what thescientist has said and therefore a fact.

9. Ans.(1). All the statements in this question are personalopinions held by the author as to what Mr. Murdochshould do (approval) and what he should not(disapproval). Consequently, all of them are

judgements.


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10. Ans. (3). Statements 2 and 3 denote the views of aperson. Hence, judgements. In statement 1, a conclusion but merely dents those principles has been drawn onthe basis of previous phrase. In statement 4 a shamefulfarce has been stated, making it a judgement of theauthor.

11. Ans. (1). All the statements in this question are personalopinions held by the author regarding EUs trade policies.

As a result, all of them are judgements.12. Ans. (5). The phrase in statement 1 but the company

must prove that indicates that it is a judgement.

Statement 2 is an inference as a conclusion has beendrawn about frustration of Newton on the basis of fall inthe price. Statements 3 and 4 are mere facts as theydenote statements made by another person.


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13. Ans.(5). Statement 1 is an inference as a conclusion hasbeen drawn about the future of journalists. Statements 2,3 and 4 explicit ly bring out personal views, hence

judgements.

14. Ans.(1). All of the given statements here are personalviewpoints of an individual and therefore can be treatedas judgements.

15. Ans.(3). Statements 1 and 2 are judgements as theauthor here opines what the problems are. In statement3, an inference eventual failure comes guaranteed hasbeen drawn on the basis of previous phrase of this

statement. Statement 4 is a kind of information,therefore a fact.


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16. Ans.(4). All of the statements in this question are simplystating events that have happened recently. No judgements are being made or any inferences beendrawn. Hence, option 4 is the most appropriate choice.

17. Ans.(5). In statement 1, an inference has been drawn that American power is being undermined on some basis.

And the next three statements give us opinions of theauthor as to why does he think so. Therefore, it can beinferred that these statements are judgements.

18. Ans.(2). All of the given statements here are personalstandpoints of an individual and therefore can be treatedas judgements. No fact has been mentioned as a piece of information. Also, no inference has been drawn on thebasis of something known.


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19 Ans.(3). In statement 1, an inference about what hasallowed Mr. Putin to indulge . has been drawn on the

basis of given information. Statement 2 states: it iscommitting a sort of. .hence a judgement. Statement 3 isan opinion, therefore a judgement. In statement 4, the usageof word evidently proves that it is a judgement (opinion)

and not a fact.20. Ans.(3). The first statement is a judgement as it gives the

opinion of the author as to what the government should do.Words has helped it gain in statement 2 tell us that aconclusion has been drawn. The third statement againexpresses the opinion of the author . Words can make out acase in statement 4 justify it as an inference.

21. Ans.(1). In the first statement, words is an important step toresolve, in second statement can only be possible and inthird statement should go a long way suggest that theauthor approves of it, hence, a judgement. The fourth

statement is again an opinion of the author.


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22. Ans.(5). The first two statements are simply citingfacts. In the third statement, the author is expressinghis opinion about Cogentrix and Enron. The fourthstatement infers about customer finding power tooexpensive from the known fact that India paidlavishly.

23.Ans. (2). In the first two statement, words would getedged out of and it is the job of clearly tell us thatthese are the opinions of the author, hence, they are

judgements. In the third statement, words would betantamount to clearly indicate that an inference is

being drawn. The last statement is citing an incidentthat has happened in the past, so it should be a fact.

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Extra Questions on Facts, Inferences and Judgements (FIJ)