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External Trade
Summary
1. The global context
2. DDA – what will it bring and when 3. Free Trade Agreements4. Levelling the playing field5. GIs
External TradeA major Trading Power (2008 & 2009) …
Source: Eurostat (Comext, Statistical regime 4), IMF, WTO, UNCTAD
27,6% 20,9% 3,1% 46,7%
35,7% 24,5% 5,4% 33,2%
29,1% 12,2% 1,1% 8,9% 48,6%
34,0% 23,0% 6,9% 4,4% 31,6%
24,8% 14,4% 6,3% 6,9% 47,6%
27,2% 19,4% 5,1% 5,3% 43,0%
17,3% 16,6% 5,7% 10,4% 50,1%
16,2% 11,2% 6,2% 12,8% 53,6%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Exports in Goods (2009)
Imports in Goods (2009)
Exports in Commercial Services (2009)
Imports in Commercial Services (2009)
FDI - Outf low s (2009)
FDI - Inf low s (2009)
FDI - Outw ards Stocks (2008)
FDI - Inw ards Stocks (2008)
EU27 United States Japan China Others
External Trade
1. Agricultural trade and sensitivity of the sector
• World agricultural trade only about 5% of total trade in goods;
• Similar figures for the EU but sensitive sector for the EU in both multilateral and bilateral negotiations
External Trade
World market share of top exportersand top importers
External Trade
WTO-DDA Why slow progress?
External Trade
DDA-Agriculture
• Break-down in July-Dec 2008 • 3 chapter - Domestic support, - Market access, - Export competition
External Trade
Bilateral and regional trade negotiations
• Concluded: Central America, Andean, Korea (!)
• Ongoing: India, Ukraine, Asean (separately), Mercosur (!)
• Others: EPAs, Euromed, Russia’s WTO accession, etc.
External Trade
Levelling the playing field?
• Product standards ≠ Production standards
• Production standards, challenging!!• Where to address it (two-way
street)- Multilateral- Bilateral
External Trade
Geographical Indications (PDOs, PGIs)
GI is an Intellectual Property right(WTO TRIPS)DDA –extension
- register Bilateral negotiations (Korea, Mercosur, India, etc…+ wine specifics (AUS, USA, CAN)
ACTA
