External aerodynamics on a vehicle for the …...CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT / AERODYNAMIC CONCEPT PAC-Car II of the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) 2005 Ecorunner V of the Eco-Runner

Munich University of Applied Sciences

Master Program Computational Engineering

http://www.me.hm.edu/tbm

Altair Techday

10. OKTOBER 2016, LEIBNIZ RECHENZENTRUM

External aerodynamics on a vehicle

for the Hydro2Motion Team

Sérgio Yuri Ribeiro B.Sc.

http://www.me.hm.edu/tbm

2Altair Techday | 10. OKTOBER 2016 | LEIBNIZ RECHENZENTRUM

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Carbon Monoquoque

Windows PMMA

Steer-by-Wire with high Reliability

and Redundancy

Mikrocontrollers and PCB‘s for

Control of Fuel Cell and

Energy Management

Test Rigs for vehicle and

components

Development of Solutions for

Datalogging

Live Telemetry

Modern Lightweight Materials and

Manufacturing Technologies

Added Manufacturing

Titanium, Aluminum, CFC, PA, PC

CFD-Simulation and

Wind Tunnel Testing

Development of

Electric Drives

Maximizing Efficiency

Factors

Design/Optimization of Mechanical

Components

Objectives: minimal Weight and

Driving Resistances

Optimized Driving Strategy

GPS-based

…

www.hydro2motion.de

- AN INTERDISCIPLINARY STUDENTs PROJECT




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VEHICLE BODY CONCEPT AND ITS CHARACTERISTICS

• Dimensions: 2.780 m x 0.760 m x 0.607

• Mass: 12.32 kg

• Material: Carbon Fiber + Foam

• Drag Coefficient cd: 0.170

• Frontal ref. area Aref: 0.382 m2

• Drag Area: 0.065 m2

3

MASS

AERODYNAMIC PERFORMANCE

STRUCTURAL INTEGRITY

FEASIABILITY

VISIBILITY

PACKAGINGSAFETY

CONDITIONS THAT WERE TAKEN INTO ACCOUNT:




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• Flexible generation of new geometry

• Evaluation of new concepts with 3-D modelling

• Exploration of more conceptual variables

Sketches

CADCAE

FROM SKETCHES TO A VEHICLE CONCEPTSAVING TIME IN DIFFERENT STEPS




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CREATION OF THE PARAMETRIC MODEL




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ΔX=-100 mm

USING THE PARAMETRIC MODEL




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CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT / AERODYNAMIC CONCEPT

PAC-Car II of the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) 2005

Ecorunner V of the Eco-Runner Team Delft. 1st place in Shell Eco-Marathon 2015

HM Hydro2Motion – current vehicle design




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A low fuel consuming vehicle is very dependent on a low drag shape.

• Aerodynamic Shape

• Low Aerodynamic Drag




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Dimensions of the wind tunnel

Mesh in flow direction

Mesh in cross direction

35 km/h = 9.72 m/s


Wind Tunnel Simulation




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Shape 1.0

Frontal ref. area Aref 0.382 m2

Lift Coefficient cl 0.033

Drag Coefficient cd 0.246

Aref x cd 0.094 m2





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Pressure contours for the Shape 1.0 (pressure in Pa)

Streamlines for the Shape 1.0 (velocity in m/s)

Velocity contours for the Shape 1.0 (velocity in m/s)




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Shape 2.1: nose shifted down

Shape 2.2: longer nose

Nose Region





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Shape 3.1: higher tail

Shape 3.2: longer tail


Tail Region




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Shape 3.3: smaller tail profile

Shape 3.4: inclined tail profile


Tail Region




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Shape 3.5: higher and longer tail

Shape 3.6: lean tail


Tail Region




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Shape 4.1: front wheels fairing with master points aligned and x=-150 mm

Shape 4.2: front wheels fairing with master points aligned and x=-300 mm


Front Wheels Fairing




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Shape 5.1: rear wheel fairing

with master points aligned

and x=-150 mm


with master points not aligned

and x=-150 mm


Rear Wheel Fairing


with master points not aligned

and x=-300 mm




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Shape 1.0 2.1 2.2

Frontal ref. area Aref 0.382 m2 0.382 m2 0.382 m2

Drag Coefficient cd 0.246 0.245 0.240

Aref x cd 0.094 m2 0.093 m2 0.092 m2


Nose Region




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Shape 1.0 3.1 3.2



Aref x cd 0.094 m2 0.095 m2 0.095 m2

Shape 3.3 3.4 3.5



Aref x cd 0.093 m2 0.093 m2 0.095 m2

Shape 3.6

Frontal ref. area Aref 0.382 m2

Drag Coefficient cd 0.240

Aref x cd 0.092 m2


Tail Region




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Shape 1.0 4.1 4.2



Aref x cd 0.094 m2 0.086 m2 0.075 m2


Front Wheels Fairing




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Shape 1.0 5.1

Frontal ref. area Aref 0.382 m2 0.382 m2

Drag Coefficient cd 0.246 0.227

Aref x cd 0.094 m2 0.087 m2

Shape 1.0 5.2 5.3



Aref x cd 0.094 m2 0.086 m2 0.084 m2


Rear Wheel Fairing




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Shape 6.1: combination of the better shapes for the aerodynamic performance


Final Design




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Shape 1.0 6.1

Frontal ref. area Aref 0.382 m2 0.382 m2

Drag Coefficient cd 0.246 0.170

Aref x cd 0.094 m2 0.065 m2

Cd = -31%


Final Design




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Seated Driving Position

Shape 7.1: seated driving position




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Shape 1.0 6.1 7.1



Aref x cd 0.094 m2 0.065 m2 0.073 m2

Cd = -43%

A = +35%

Cd*A = -23%

Cd = -31%


Seated Driving Position




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THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION

Sérgio Ribeiro B.Sc.

Munich University of Applied Sciences

Master Program Computational Engineering

[email protected]

+49 (0) 152 13346866

Documents

External aerodynamics on a vehicle for the …...CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT / AERODYNAMIC CONCEPT PAC-Car II of the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) 2005 Ecorunner V of the Eco-Runner