LIFE CYCLE OF THE MALARIA PARASITE

BY : HENDI RIESTA MULYAXII 1A – 5 / 12

PUBLIC SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL 1 GRESIKINDONESIA

THE SOURCE:

LIFE CYCLE OF THE MALARIA PARASITE

Malaria is an infectious disease caused by a one called parasite known as Plasmodium. The parasite is transmitted to humans by the bite of the female Anopheles mosquito. The parasite plasmodium spends its cycle life partly in humans and partly in mosquitoes.

The Cycle:

1. Mosquito infected with the malaria parasite bites human, passing cells called sporozoites into the human’s bloodstream.

2. Sporozoites travel to the liver. Each sporozoite undergoes sexual reproduction, in which its nucleus splits to form two new cells, called merozoites.

3. Merozoites enter to the bloodstream and infect red blood cells.

4. In red blood cells, merozoites grow and divide to produce more merozoites, eventually, causing the red blood cells to rupture. Some of the newly released merozoites go on to infect other red blood cells.

5. Some merozoites develop into sex cells known as male and female gametocytes.

6. Another mosquito bites the infected human, ingesting the gametocytes.

7. In the mosquito’s stomach, the gametocytes mature. Male and female gametocytes undergo sexual reproduction, uniting to form a zygote. The zygote multiplies to form sporozoites, which travel to the mosquito’s salivary glands.

8. If this mosquito bites another human, the cycle begins again.

THE GENERIC STRUCTURE:

TITLE

LIFE CYCLE OF THE MALARIA PARASITE

GENERAL STATEMENT

Malaria is an infectious disease caused by a one called parasite known as Plasmodium. The parasite is transmitted to humans by the bite of the female Anopheles mosquito. The parasite plasmodium spends its cycle life partly in humans and partly in mosquitoes.

SEQUENCE EXPLANATION

The Cycle:

1. Mosquito infected with the malaria parasite bites human, passing cells called sporozoites into the human’s bloodstream.

2. Sporozoites travel to the liver. Each sporozoite undergoes sexual reproduction, in which its nucleus splits to form two new cells, called merozoites.

3. Merozoites enter to the bloodstream and infect red blood cells.

4. In red blood cells, merozoites grow and divide to produce more merozoites, eventually, causing the red blood cells to rupture. Some of the newly released merozoites go on to infect other red blood cells.

5. Some merozoites develop into sex cells known as male and female gametocytes.

6. Another mosquito bites the infected human, ingesting the gametocytes.

7. In the mosquito’s stomach, the gametocytes mature. Male and female gametocytes undergo sexual reproduction, uniting to form a zygote. The zygote multiplies to form sporozoites, which travel to the mosquito’s salivary glands.

8. If this mosquito bites another human, the cycle begins again.

LIFE CYCLE OF THE MALARIA PARASITE SCHEME

Infected & bitesMALARIA PARASITE / SPOROZOITES FROM

MOSQUITO

Passing cells into HUMAN’S BLOODSTREAM

travel toLIVER

Undergoes sexual reproduction

Nucleus Splits

To formMEROZOITES

enter to bloodstream infect

Red Blood Cells

grow & produce MORE MEROZOITES

rupture

infectOther Red

Blood CellsMale & Female

gametocytes

developmosquito i

nfected

HUMAN

HUMAN

ingestingGametocyt

es

to theMosquito Stomach

Mature & undergo sexual reproduction to form

ZYGOTE

Multiplies to form

SPOROZOITEStravel

Salary Glands

Mosquito bites another human

The Cycle begins again