Explain Microsoft Word

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Microsoft Word is a widely used commercial word processor designedby Microsoft. Microsoft Word is a component of the Microsoft Office

suite of productivity software, but can also be purchased as a stand-alone product.

It was initially launched in 1983 and has since been revised numerous

times. Microsoft Word is available on both Windows and Macintoshoperating systems.

Microsoft Word is often called simply Word or MS Word.In 1981, Microsoft hired Charles Simonyi to develop a word-processing

application. The first version was released in 1983. It was not initially

popular owing to its radically different look compared to WordPerfect,

the leading word processor at that time. However, Microsoft improvedWord continually over the years, including a 1985 version that could

run on a Mac. 1987 brought about the second major release of Word,

which included an upgrade of major features in addition to new

functionalities such as support for the rich text format.


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Microsoft Word offers several features to ease document creationand editing, including-:

WYSIWYG (what-you-see-is-what-you-get) display: It ensures thateverything you see on screen will appear the same way when printedor moved to another format or program.

Spell Check: Word comes with an built-in dictionary for spellchecking; misspelled words are marked with a red squiggly underline.

Sometimes, Word auto-corrects an obviously misspelled word or

phrase. Text-level features such as bold, underline, italic and strike-through. Page-level features such as indentation, paragraphing and

justification.

External support: Word is compatible with many other programs, themost common being the other members of the Office suite. The

default file format was .doc prior to the Microsoft Word 2007

version; in 2007, .docx became the default file format.

A full-featured word processing program for Windows and Mac from

Microsoft. Available stand-alone or as part of the Microsoft Office

suite, Word contains rudimentary desktop publishing capabilities and

is the most widely used word processing program on the market.Word files are commonly used as the format for sending text

documents via e-mail because almost every user with a computer can

read a Word document by using the Word application, a Word viewer

or a word processor that imports the Word format (see MicrosoftWord Viewer). Word 95 for Windows was the first 32-bit version ofthe product, released with Office 95 around the same time as

Windows 95. It was a straightforward port of Word 6.0 and it

introduced few new features, one of them being red-squiggle

underlined spell-checking. Starting with Word 95, releases of Word
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows_95http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows_95


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were named after the year of its release, instead of its version

number.

This is word processor that is adopted by millions of people in theinformation that may include the typing, editing and formatting of

information by using various ways and printing if after processingaccording to the requirement.

The formatting can change the appearance of your text, size oftext etc. You can change style, font, font size, Bold, Italic

Underline, Highlight, Align left, Align right, Centre, Justify,

Numbering, Bullets, Decrease Indents, Increase Indents andBorder Button.

The main functions of standard tool bar are New, Open, Save,Print, Print preview,- Cut, Copy, Paste, Format, printer, Undo,

Redo, Auto format, Insert address, Insert table, Insert

Microsoft, Excel Worksheet, Columns, Drawing, Show/Hide, Zoom

control, Tip wizard and Help.

It allows setting border on the paragraphs, table bells, andframing. This is word processor that is adopted by millions of

people in the world and it is also called word. It allows processing

of textual information that may include the typing, editing andformatting of information by using various ways and printing if

after processing according to the requirement.

The formatting can change the appearance of your text, size oftext etc. You can change style, font, font size, Bold, ItalicUnderline, Highlight, Align left, Align right, Centre, Justify,

Numbering, Bullets, Decrease Indents, Increase Indents andBorder Button.

The main functions of standard tool bar are New, Open, Save,Print, Print preview,- Cut, Copy, Paste, Format, printer, Undo,


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Redo, Auto format, Insert address, Insert table, Insert

Microsoft, Excel Worksheet, Columns, Drawing, Show/Hide, Zoomcontrol, Tip wizard and Help.

It allows setting border on the paragraphs, table bells, framesand graphics.

You can create and edit a database with in your displayeddocument. Database includes Data form, manage fields, and add

new records. Delete records, sort ascending, sort descending,

Insert Database Update fields, find record and mail, merge main

document.

It includes various editing features like insert character, delete

character, overstrike by overtyping, insert words, inserting newparagraph, inserting blank lines in the paragraph, splitting and

paragraph, cutting, copying and posting the text.

The page setup allows to set the margins define the paper sizeand its orientation, find the pap.er source and set page layout.

MS-Word comes with a number of built in styles that can beapplied to both the document heading and normal text A style is aset of formatted characteristics which can quickly and easily

paragraph and character formatting to text You can define thestyle by giving it name.

MS-Word have four types of underline facility as single, double,dotted and words only

MS-Word allows you to adjust the number of blank lines of text,which is known as line spacing This makes the document more neat

and clear MS-Word automatically, wraps text to the following page based

on page margins, paragraph indents and other criteria. MS-Word has facility of Header and Footers Header is a special

text, which is often used for repeating and title of documentfrom a page to page and entering page number at the bottom of

the document For this you have to enter the text for header and

footer once


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MS-Word includes the capability to check the spelling andgrammar in a document It will start checking the spelling of eachword from top to bottom one by one If there is mistake of

spelling or there is a word that is not in the dictionary then it willdisplay a spelling dialog box which has dictionary of U S English

Grammatical errors can also be checked and removed by usingGrammar facility provided by the MS-Word

MS-Word has provided a facility to create tables automaticallyYou can create a table having any number of rows and columns

having different size of cells

MS-Word has facility of Mail Merge It is used to describe the

process of merging some form of address database with a formof letter to create a group of individual letters Mail merge is

used to print letters, envelopes, mailing labels etc.

You can create and edit a database with in your displayeddocument. Database includes Data form, manage fields, and add

new records. Delete records, sort ascending, sort descending,

Insert Database Update fields, find record and mail, merge maindocument.

It includes various editing features like insert character, deletecharacter, overstrike by overtyping, insert words, inserting new

paragraph, inserting blank lines in the paragraph, splitting and

paragraph, cutting, copying and posting the text.

The page setup allows to set the margins define the paper sizeand its orientation, find the pap.er source and set page layout.

MS-Word comes with a number of built in styles that can be

applied to both the document heading and normal text A style is aset of formatted characteristics which can quickly and easily

paragraph and character formatting to text You can define the

style by giving it name.

MS-Word has four types of underline facility as single, double,dotted and words only.


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MS-Word allows you to adjust the number of blank lines of text,which is known as line spacing this makes the document more neatand clear.

MS-Word automatically, wraps text to the following page basedon page margins, paragraph indents and other criteria.

MS-Word has facility of Header and Footers Header is a specialtext, which is often used for repeating and title of document

from a page to page and entering page number at the bottom of

the document for this you have to enter the text for header and

footer once.

MS-Word includes the capability to check the spelling and

grammar in a document It will start checking the spelling of eachword from top to bottom one by one If there is mistake of

spelling or there is a word that is not in the dictionary then it willdisplay a spelling dialog box which has dictionary of U S English

Grammatical errors can also be checked and removed by usingGrammar facility provided by the MS-Word.

MS-Word has provided a facility to create tables automaticallyyou can create a table having any number of rows and columns

having different size of cells. MS-Word has facility of Mail Merge it is used to describe the

process of merging some form of address database with a form

of letter to create individual letter.


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The File Menu in Microsoft Word

The first menu we will cover in our Using Microsoft Word tutorial is the file menu, wh

s one that you will find yourself using frequently.

New: This creates a new Microsoft Word document. The page setup of the new

document, i.e., the size, margins, etc, will depend on your page settings.

Open: This opens an existing Microsoft Word document; it will open a file explorer

window allowing you to navigate to the file you want to open.

Close: This will close the current word document. Microsoft Word may prompt you to

save the file, if you have made changes to the document since the last save.

Save: Saves the current document, replacing the existing file (if previously saved).

Save As: This allows you to save the document as a different file. This is very useful

magine you open your letterhead template and write a letter that you want to save, if

you just saved it (using the option above), it would replace your letterhead template.

When you click on Save As you will be able to choose the new filename and location fo

your document.

The edit menu of Microsoft word

Undo (last task): This option allows you to undo the last thing you did in your MicrosoWord document; in our example (fig 1.1) you can see our last action was to type some t

This is a handy command, especially if you delete something by accident.

Repeat (last task): This repeats your last action. In our example clicking on the Repe


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Typing will repeatedly insert the same piece of text into the document.

Cut: This command will cut (delete) the currently selected element. For example if y

ighlight (select) some text and then click on cut, it will be deleted.

Copy: The Copy command will copy the currently selected element (text, image, etc) he office clipboard. It can then be inserted (pasted) into a document using the Paste

ommand (see below), which will appear in the edit menu once you have copied someth

o the office clipboard.

aste: This will paste (insert) into the current document the last element to be store

he Office Clipboard.

Paste Special: Clicking on this command will bring up the Microsoft Word Paste Specialogue box; it allows you to control the format of the text that will be inserted (pas

rom the Office/Windows clipboard.

aste as Hyperlink: This command allows you to link (create a hyperlink) to a certain

lace in another Microsoft Word document, Excel worksheet, PowerPoint slide, or Acc

atabase. To achieve this, first copy the element that you want to link to into the

lipboard and then select the Paste as Hyperlink command.

Office Clipboard: This command will display the current contents of the office clipbo

llowing you to click on the stored elements to insert (paste) them directly into the

urrent document. Elements (text, images, etc) can be added to the clipboard using th

Copy command (see above), this clipboard will also show any elements stored in the

Windows Clipboard.


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The Format Menu in Microsoft Word

The Format Menu is the fifth menu in using Microsoft Word tutorial.

Font: This will change the font attributes of either the currently selected text, or an

ubsequent text, using the font dialogue box.

aragraph: This command will open the Paragraph dialogue box, allowing you to make

hanges to either existing text or subsequent text. To change an existing paragraph,


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elect the text you wish to change and then use this command to make the alterations

uch as alignment, indentation, and spacing.

Bullets and Numbering: This is a handy command; it creates indented lists with vario

ormats. You can either click the command or then start typing your list (pressing ent

or the next line), or you can select some existing text to convert to a list. The listing

ormat options include bulleted, numbered, outline numbered, and other styles.

Borders and Shading: This command allows you to create borders and shading on

lements within your Microsoft Word document. The borders and shading can be appl

o text, paragraphs, pictures, and more.

Columns: The Columns command will split the current document into the number of

columns you specify. You can either split the whole page, or just from that point onwa

Tabs: This command allows you to manage tabs, including the alignment, spacing, and

whether the tab has a leader or not.


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The tools bar menu in Microsoft word

Spelling and Grammar: This command will check the spelling and grammar of the

current Microsoft Word document. It also allows you to add words to the dictionary,

well as changing the dictionary language (if available).

Language: The language tool has various options, including setting the language of t

document, translating text, open the thesaurus and manage hyphenation.

Word Count: This will open the Word Count dialogue box, enabling you to count the

amount of words in the whole document, or the currently selected text.


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AutoSummarize: This can be a handy feature of Microsoft Word, depending on the

type and format of your document. It will summarize a document using the attributes

give it, for example, you can choose the percentage of the document to be used for tsummary, as well as the format of the summary.

Speech: This will open the Speech Recognition feature of Microsoft Word (if

nstalled/available).

Track Changes: Clicking on this command will cause Microsoft Word to track any

ubsequent changes to the document. These changes can then be viewed by turning on

Markup option on the Edit menu.

Compare and Merge Documents: This feature enables you to easily compare and/or

merge 2 documents.

Protect Document: This command allows you to control the protection of the docume

ncluding tracked changes, comments and forms.


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Write the steps for mail merging?

To run mail merge in any version of window, the user has to go to

Microsoft word. These are the following versions in Microsoft wordwhich tells the user how to open the Mail merging option in it.

Microsoft Word 2002

On the Tools menu, click Letters and Mailings, and then click MailMerge Wizard.

Microsoft Office Word 2003

On the Tools menu, click Letters and Mailings, and then click Mail

Merge.

Microsoft Office Word 2007

On the Mailings tab, click Start Mail Merge, and then click Step byStep Mail Merge Wizard.

Select document type

1. In the Mail Merge task panel, click Letters. This will allow you tosend letters to a group of people and personalize the results of

the letter that each person receives.

2. Click Next: Starting document.


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Select the starting document

1. Click one of the following options:o Use the current document: Use the currently open document

as your main document.

o Start from a template: Select one of the ready-to-use mailmerge templates.

o Start from existing document: Open an existing document touse as your mail merge main document.

2. In the Mail Merge task pane, click next: Select recipients.Select recipients

When you open or create a data source by using the Mail Merge

Wizard, you are telling Word to use a specific set of variableinformation for your merge. Use one of the following methods to

attach the main document to the data source.

Method 1: Use an existing data source

To use an existing data source, follow these steps:

1. In the Mail Merge task pane, click Use an existing list.2. In the Use an existing list section, click Browse.3. In the Select Data Source dialog box, select the file that


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contains the variable information that you want to use, and thenclick Open.

Note :If the data source is not listed in the list of files, select

the appropriate drive and folder. If necessary, select theappropriate option in the All Data Sources list. Select the file,

and then click Open.

Word displays the Mail Merge Recipients dialog box. You can sort

and edit your data if you want to.4. Click OK to return to the main document.5.

Save the main document.When you save the main document at this point, you are also

saving the data source and attaching the data source to the main

document.6. Type the name that you want to give to your main document, and

then click Save.

Method 2: Use names from a Microsoft Outlook Contacts List

To use an Outlook Contact List, follow these steps:


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1. In the Mail Merge task pane, click next: Select recipients.2. Click Select from Outlook contacts.3. In the Select from Outlook contacts section, click Choose

Contacts Folder.

4. In the Select Contact List Folder dialog box, select the Outlookcontacts folder that you want, and then click OK.

Word displays the Mail Merge Recipients dialog box. You can sort

and edit your data if you want.

5. Click OK to return to the main document.

Method 3: Create a database of names and addresses

To create a new database, follow these steps:1. In the Mail Merge task pane, click Next: Select Recipients.2. Click Type a new list.3. Click Create.

The New Address List dialog box appears. In this dialog box,enter the address information for each record. If there is noinformation for a particular field, leave the box blank.

By default, Word skips blank fields. Therefore, the merge is not

affected if blank entries are in the data form. The set of

information in each form makes up one data record.

4. After you type the information for a record, click New Entry tomove to the next record.To delete a record, click Delete Entry. To search for a specific

record, click Find Entry. To customize your list, click Customize.In the Customize Address List dialog box, you can add, delete,

rename, and reorder the merge fields.

5. In the New Address List dialog box, click OK. In the Save


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Address List dialog box, type the name that you want to give toyour data source in the File name box, and then click Save.

6. In the Mail Merge Recipients dialog box, make any changes thatyou want, and then click OK.

7. Click Next: Write your letter to finish setting up your letter.8. Save the main document.

When you save the main document at this point, you are also

saving the data source and attaching the data source to the main

document.

9. Type the name that you want to give to your main document, andthen click Save.

Steps to write a letter1. Type or add any text and graphics that you want to include in your

letter.


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2. Add the field codes where you want the variable information toappear. In the Mail Merge task pane, you have four options:

o Address block: Use this option to insert a formatted address.o Greeting line: Use this option to insert a formatted salutation.o More items: Use this option to insert individual merge fields.

When you click More Items, the Insert Merge Field dialog

box appears.

Make sure that your cursor is where you want to insert the

information from your data source before you click MoreItems.

In the Insert Merge Field dialog box, click the merge field

that you want to use, and then click Insert.

You can insert all of your fields and then go back and add any

spaces or punctuation. Alternatively, you can insert one field at

a time, close the Insert Merge Fields dialog box, add any

spaces or punctuation that you want, and then repeat this step

for each additional merge field that you want to insert. Youcan also format (apply bold or italic formatting to) the merge

fields, just like regular text.

3. When you finish editing the main document, click Save or SaveAs on the File menu.

In Word 2007, click the Microsoft Office Button, and then

click Save or Save As.

Name the file, and then click Save. To proceed to the next step,click next: Preview your letters.

Preview your letters


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This step allows you to preview your merged data, one letter at atime. You can also make changes to your recipient list or personalize

individual letters.

To proceed to the next step, click next: Complete the merge.

Complete the merge

This step merges the variable information with the form letter. You

can output the merge result by using either of the following options: Print: Select this option to send the merged document directly to

the printer. You will not be able to view the document on yourscreen.

When you click Print, the Merge to Printer dialog box appears. Inthe Merge to Printer dialog box, you can choose which records to

merge. When you click OK, the Print dialog box appears.Click Print to print the merge document.

Edit individual letters: Select this option to display the mergeddocument on your screen.When you click Edit individual letters, the Merge to New

Document dialog box appears. In the Merge to New Document

dialog box, you can choose which records to merge. When you

click OK, the documents are merged to a new Word document.


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Explain C.P.U (central processing unit)?

A central processing unit (CPU), also referred to as a centralprocessor unit, is the hardware within a computer system which

carries out the instructions of a computer program by perform the

basic arithmetical, logical, and input/output operations of thesystem. The term has been in use in the computer industry at least

since the early 1960s. The form, design, and implementation ofCPUs have changed over the course of their history, but their

fundamental operation remains much the same. On personal

computers and small workstations, the CPU is housed in a siliconchip called a microprocessor. Since the 1970s the microprocessor

class of CPUs has almost completely overtaken all other CPUimplementations. Modern CPUs are large scale integrated circuits in

packages typically less than four centimeters square, with hundredsof connecting pins. Two typical components of C.P.U are control unit

and arithmetic logic unit.

Control unit

A control unit is circuitry that directs operations within the

computer's processor by directing the input and output of a

computer system. The processor then controls how the rest of the

computer operates (giving directions to the other parts and

systems). A control unit works by gathering input through a series ofcommands it receives from instructions in running programs and then

outputs those commands into control signals that the computer and

other hardware attached to the computer carry out.


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Arithmetic logic unit

ALUs are designed to perform mathematical and logical operations or

calculations. Therefore, besides adding and subtracting numbers,

ALUs often handle the multiplication of two integers, since theresult is also an integer. However, ALUs typically do not performdivision operations, since the result may be a fraction, or a "floating

point" number. Instead, division operations are usually handled by the

floating-point unit (FPU), which also performs other non-integercalculations. While the ALU is a fundamental component of

all processors the design and function of an ALU may vary between

different processor models. For example, some ALUs only perform

integer calculations, while others are designed to handle floatingpoint operations as well. Some processors contain a single ALU, while

others include several arithmetic logic units that work together to

perform calculations. Regardless of the way an ALU is designed, itsprimary job is to handle integer operations. Therefore, a computer's

integer performance is tied directly to the processing speed of theALU.

Difference between the working of control unit & arithmetic logicalunit

There is a big difference between these components. Both of them

are part of central processor unit but control unit is responsible forgenerating control signals to all parts of cpu, to handle interrupts, to

deal with registers etc. Arithmetic logic unit is part which does

arithmetic and logic operations (for example, arithmetic operationsare add,subtract,add with carry, subtract with carry, divide and logic

operations are AND,OR,XOR,NOT,NAND,NOR...).


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