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Hadron and Nuclear Physics with Electromagnetic Probes K. Maruyama and H. O kuno (Editors) e 200 0 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. 263 Experimental test of the K-A relative parity -Use of polarized photon beams at high energies- Yoshi o Yam aguchi a a c/o KEK-Tanashi, Tanashi, Tokyo 188-8501, Japan Photo K production from helium ,7 +4 He --+~ He + K ~ (or __.+4 + K +) can be used to test experimentally the K-A relative parity. 1. INTRODUCTION Polarized photon beams are quite useful in nuclear and hadron physics. In the past electron Bremsstrahlung with the final electron tagging was used to obtain polarized photons, however, whose intensity is not good enough. Now availability of high energy electron beams of good quality and powerful lasers made it possible to produce intense polarized photons using the inverse Compton scattering [I]. Such facilities are constructed (or under construction) at several labs in the world, including SPring 8, and expected soon to uncover many interesting physics outcomes in nuclear and hadron physics. Detailed information of photo-kaon production is one of many others, and expected to contribute complete phase shift analyses of K - N systems at low energies. 2. EXPERIMENTAL TEST OF K-A RELATIVE PARITY In view of the great success of the Standard Model, no body wonders that K-meson is pseudoscalar. Nevertheless it would be nice to have a direct experimental test of the K-A, relative parity. Notice that the odd parity of 7r was directly proved long ago by observing correlation of two plans spanned by (e+e -) in 7r -~ (e+e -) + (e+e-). To this end let us consider photo-kaon production from the nucleon 7 +P ~ A + K +, (1) whose matrix element in the CM system is given by (NR approximation) f[k x e]p + g(e. p)k f(e. p)k + g[k x e]p for 0- kaon for 0 + kaon (2) where k, and p are momenta of photon and kaon and e is the polarization vector of photon, f and g depend on k - Ikl and (k. p). The differential cross section of (I) for

Experimental Test of the K Relative Parity Use of Polarized Photon Beams at High Energies

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Hadron and N uclear Physics with ElectromagneticProbesK. Maruyamaand H. O kuno (Editors)e 2000 Elsevier Science B.V . All rights reserved. 263

E xp e r im e n ta l t e s t o f t he K - A r e la t ive pa r i t y

- Us e o f po l a r iz e d pho ton be a m s a t h igh e ne r g i e s -

Y o s h io Y a m a g u c h i a

a c / o K E K - T a n a s h i , T a n a s h i , T o k y o 1 8 8 -8 5 0 1, J a p a n

P h o t o K p r o d u c t i o n f r o m h e l iu m

,7 + 4 H e - -+ ~ H e + K ~ (or __.+4 + K +)

c a n b e u s e d t o t e s t e x p e r i m e n t a l l y t h e K - A r e l a t i v e p a ri t y .

1 . I N T R O D U C T I O N

P o l a r i z e d p h o t o n b e a m s a r e q u i t e u s e f u l i n n u c l e a r a n d h a d r o n p h y s i c s . I n t h e p a s t

e l e c t ro n B r e m s s t r a h l u n g w i t h t h e f i n a l e l e c t r o n t a g g i n g w a s u s e d t o o b t a i n p o l a r i z e d

p h o t o n s , h o w e v e r , w h o s e i n t e n s i t y i s n o t g o o d e n o u g h . N o w a v a i l a b i l i t y o f h i g h e n e r g y

e l e c t r on b e a m s o f g o o d q u a l i t y a n d p o w e r f u l l a s e r s m a d e i t p o s s i b l e t o p r o d u c e i n t e n s e

p o l a r i z e d p h o t o n s u s i n g t h e i n v e r s e C o m p t o n s c a t t e r i n g [ I ] . S u c h f a c i l i t i e s a r e c o n s t r u c t e d

( o r u n d e r c o n s t r u c t i o n ) a t s e v e r a l l a b s i n t h e w o r l d , i n c l u d i n g S P r i n g 8 , a n d e x p e c t e d s o o n

t o u n c o v e r m a n y i n t e r e s t i n g p h y s i c s o u t c o m e s i n n u c l e a r a n d h a d r o n p h y s i c s .

D e t a i l e d i n f o r m a t i o n o f p h o t o - k a o n p r o d u c t i o n i s o n e of m a n y o t h e r s , a n d e x p e c t e d t o

c o n t r i b u t e c o m p l e t e p h a s e s h i f t a n a l y s e s o f K - N s y s t e m s a t l o w e n e rg i e s .

2 . E X P E R I M E N T A L T E S T O F K - A R E L A T I V E P A R I T Y

I n v i e w o f t h e g r e a t s u c c e s s o f t h e S t a n d a r d M o d e l , n o b o d y w o n d e r s t h a t K - m e s o n

i s p s e u d o s c a l a r . N e v e r t h e l e s s i t w o u l d b e n i c e t o h a v e a d i r e c t e x p e r i m e n t a l t e s t o f t h e

K - A , r e l a t i v e p a ri t y . N o t i c e t h a t t h e o d d p a r i t y o f 7 r w a s d i r e c t l y p r o v e d l o n g a g o b y

o b s e r v i n g c o r r e l a t i o n o f t w o p l a n s s p a n n e d b y ( e + e - ) i n 7 r - ~ ( e + e - ) + ( e + e - ) .

T o t h i s e n d l e t u s c o n s i d e r p h o t o - k a o n p r o d u c t i o n f r o m t h e n u c l e o n

7 + P ~ A + K + , ( 1)

w h o s e m a t r i x e l e m e n t i n t h e C M s y s t e m i s g i v en b y ( N R a p p r o x i m a t i o n )

f [ k x e] p + g ( e . p ) k

f ( e . p ) k + g [ k x e ] p

f o r 0 - k a o n

f o r 0 + kao n ( 2 )

w h e r e k , a n d p a r e m o m e n t a o f p h o t o n a n d k a o n a n d e i s t h e p o l a r i z a t i o n v e c t o r o f

p h o t o n , f a n d g d e p e n d o n k - I k l a n d ( k . p ) . T h e d i f f e r e n t i a l c r os s s e c t i o n o f ( I ) f o r

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264

l i n e a rl y p o l a r i z e d p h o t o n o n u n p o l a r i z e d p r o t o n t a r g e t i s

d c rdt~ cv ]f]2 ]e. [p • k][ 2 + k2[g[ 2 for O- ka on (3a)

c~ ] f l ~ k U l e . p[2 + k 2 l g l 2 fo r 0 + kaon (3b)

C l e a r d i f f e r e n c e b e t w e e n (3a) a n d (3b) i s u s e f u l t o e s t a b l i s h e x p e r i m e n t a l l y K - A r e l a t i v e

p a r i t y , e v e n t h o u g h s i z a b l e r e l a t i v i s t i c c o r r e c t i o n s a r e t o b e a d d e d t o t h e m a t r i x e l e m e n t

(2). The s i t u a t i o n b e c o m e s c l e a r e r w h e n t h e h e l i u m t a r g e t i s u s e d [ 2 ] ( w h e r e t h e r e l a -

t i v i s ti c c o r r e c t i o n s a r e sm a l l e r a s c o m p a r e d t o t h e n u c l e o n t a r g e t ) . I f o n e c a n d i s t i n g u i s h

b e t w e e n t w o p r o c e s s e s

7 + 4He ---+~H e ( g r o u n d s t a t e 0 + ) + K ~ ( 4 )

a n d

~/+4He --+~xHe* ( exc i t ed s t a t e 1+ , 1 M eV ) + K ~ ( 5 )

(4 ) o f fe r s be t t e r case t o t e s t t he K-A re l a t i ve pa r i t y . The d i f f e ren t i a l c ross sec t i on of (4 )

f o r t h e l i n e a r l y p o l a r i z e d ( m o n o e n e r g e t i c ) i n c i d e n t p h o t o n i s g i v e n b y

d ac~ Ie - [k • p ]12(F) 2 fo r 0 - , (6a )

d ~

c~ le" p l2 (P ) 2 for 0 +, (6b)

where [3 ]

( F ) 2 ~ 0 . 6 4 e - ( k - o . 9 6 p ) 2 / ( 191 MeV/c)2

k a n d p a r e m o m e n t a o f -), a n d K i n C M s y s t e m o f (4 ) . T h e r e g io n , s l i g h t ly a b o v e t h e

t h r e s h o l d , s a y k ~ 1 G e V , m a y b e p re f e r a b l e t o t e s t ( 6 a ) a n d ( 6 b ).

R E F E R E N C E S

1 . R .H. M i lbu rn , Phys . Rev . Le t t e r s 10 (1963) 75 .

2 . Y . Y a m a g u c h i , S o r y u s h i r o n - K e n k y u ( i n J a p a n e s e ) 2 5 (1 9 6 2 ) 4 4 7 .

3 . T h e w a v e fu n c t i o n s f or 4 H e a n d 4 H e h a v e b e e n k i n d l y s u p p l ie d b y P r o f . Y . A k a i sh i .