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Wojtek Skulski CERN Oberon Day March/2004
Experiment controland data acquisition
using BlackBox Component Builder
Wojtek Skulski
Department of Physics and Astronomy,University of Rochester
and SkuTek Instrumentation
Rochester, New York USA
skulski @ pas . rochester . edu
Wojtek Skulski CERN Oberon Day March/2004
Projects developed using BlackBox
•Student projects at the Department of Physics and Astronomy, UofR.
• Measurement of Light Attenuation in Plastic Scintillators.
• Detection and Analysis of Stopping Muons.
• Digital Signal Processing of Scintillator Pulses.
•R&D project at the Laboratory for Laser Energetics, UofR.
• Adaptive Optics Control System for Tiled Diffraction Gratings.
• Industrial project, SkuTek Instrumentation.
• Data acquisition and instrument control for multichannelwaveform digitizer DDC-8.
Wojtek Skulski CERN Oberon Day March/2004
Why BlackBox and Component Pascal?
• Very robust runtime environment.• No memory leaks, no dangling pointers.• Instantaneous compile/load/debug cycle.• Comprehensive graphics.
• Scientific plotting by Robert Campbell, BAE Systems.• Waveform graphics by Wojtek Skulski, University of Rochester.
• Comprehensive math libraries by Robert Campbell.• Easy to interface with hardware.• Excellent support from the vendor.• Knowledgeable user community, quick response to questions.• Free for educational institutions.
Wojtek Skulski CERN Oberon Day March/2004
Measurement of Light Attenuation in Plastic ScintillatorsStudent project #1
•Data acquired from CAMAC:
•Jorway controller 73A.•ORTEC ADC AD811 .•LeCroy TDC 2249W.
•DAQ and experiment control:•BlackBox Component Builder.
•Waveform graphics by WS.
•Radiation source: cosmic rays.•Measured:
•pulse height,•pulse timing.
•Analysis: correlation betweenamplitude and timing.
Pulse height histograms
Timing histograms
Wojtek Skulski CERN Oberon Day March/2004
USBprocessor connector
FPGA300k gates
JTAG connector
Fast reconstruction DAC 48 MHz * 12 bits
Signal IN
Variablegain amp
ADC 48 MHz * 12 bits
BlackBox used as an interface for Digital Pulse Processor Student projects #2 and #3
• Single-channel Digital Pulse Processor DDC-1 from SkuTek Instrumentation• Field-programmable gate array (FPGA) for waveform triggering and storage• BlackBox controls DDC-1 and reads the waveforms over USB link
Wojtek Skulski CERN Oberon Day March/2004
Energy spectrum Counts
Filtered energy (arb. units)0.0 100.0 200.0 300.0 400.0 500.0 600.0 700.0 800.0 900.0 1.0E+3
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
200.0
250.0
Energy 1
662 keV, 137Cs
NaI 2" by 2"
0.884 keV/bin
77 keV, Pb X-ray
33 keV, Ba X-ray
Compton back-scatter
• Signals from scintillation detectors recorded with DDC-1.• Waveforms displayed and processed using BlackBox.
NaI(Tl) 2”x2”
Digital Signal Processing of Scintillator PulsesBest Senior Thesis Award ‘03 in the Department of Physics and Astronomy
ADC waveform ADC sample value
Time steps, 20.8 ns/step400.0 420.0 440.0 460.0 480.0
1.0E+3
1500.0
2.0E+3
NaI(Tl) 2" by 2"Samples
137Cs pulse-height histogram Waveform from NaI(Tl)
Wojtek Skulski CERN Oberon Day March/2004
Detection and Analysis of Stopping µ-mesons2003 Summer Research Experience for Undergraduates
BC-400 5” x 6”& phototube
Experiment controland data displayBlackBox
DDC-1 digitizer board
• Radiation source: cosmic rays.
• Detector: BC-400 5” x 6”
• Data recording: DDC-1.
• DAQ and control: BlackBox.
• Analysis: BlackBox.
• Cosmic ray µ-mesons stop and decay.
• Energies and lifetimes are measured.
Wojtek Skulski CERN Oberon Day March/2004
ADC waveform ADC value
Time steps, 20.8 ns/step0.0 100.0 200.0 300.0 400.0 500.0 600.0 700.0 800.0
1750.0
1800.0
1850.0
1900.0
1950.0
2.0E+3
2050.0
2100.0
2150.0Transient 3183
Signals from a BC-400 5”x6” scintillator recorded using DDC-1 waveform digitizer fromSkuTek, and displayed using BlackBox waveform graphics.
After 4% capture correction the measured and accepted lifetimes agree to within 0.35%.
Stopping µ-meson
µ-meson decay
Detection and Analysis of Stopping µ-mesons2003 Summer Research Experience for Undergraduates
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
0 2 4 6 8 10Delta T (microseconds)
Norm
alize
d Co
unt
Normalized Fit Delta T
Normalized Experimental Delta T
Waveform from plastic scintillator Time between leading and trailing pulses
Measured <τ>: 2.12 + 0.04 µsLiterature <τ>: 2.19703 + 0.00004 µs
Wojtek Skulski CERN Oberon Day March/2004
The project started in February/2004. Positions of tiled diffraction gratings will becontrolled by BlackBox in a closed loop, based on CCD camera images. The screenshotshows false-color diffraction images embedded in the BlackBox document editor. Theimages were acquired by a BlackBox program directly from a CCD camera.
Adaptive Optics Control System for Tiled Diffraction GratingsLaboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester
Wojtek Skulski CERN Oberon Day March/2004
Fourier transform maps calculated by BlackBox, based on data acquired by a BlackBoxprogram directly from a CCD camera. Many thanks to Robert for his magnificent graphics!
Adaptive Optics Control System for Tiled Diffraction GratingsLaboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester
Fouriertransforms
Left/rightsub-images
Main cameraimage
Wojtek Skulski CERN Oberon Day March/2004
Signal OUT40 MHz * 10 bits
microprocessor
FPGA
ADC 40 MHz * 10 bits, 8 channels
16 bidirectional TTL lines + 1 in(fast parallel interface to VME)
Analogsignal IN8 channelswithdigital offsetand gain control
RS-232
Logic signals NIM 16 lines IN, 8 lines OUT
USB
ECL clock IN(optional)
DAQ and control for 8-channel waveform digitizer DDC-8Industrial project, SkuTek Instrumentation
Wojtek Skulski CERN Oberon Day March/2004
NIM pulser
Analog signal reconstruction: digital FIR filter output
Control &waveformdisplay:BlackBox
DDC-8
DDC-x development system using BlackBoxIndustrial project, SkuTek Instrumentation
Wojtek Skulski CERN Oberon Day March/2004
DDC-x software development using BlackBox
Wojtek Skulski CERN Oberon Day March/2004
Example of real-time waveform displayDDC-8 control and graphics: BlackBox Component Builder
NIM OUT waveformsSample value
Sample number50.0 55.0 60.0 65.0 70.0 75.0 80.0 85.0 90.0 95.0 100.0
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
12.0
14.0
16.0
master strobe (from NIM inputs)
delay counter is NONZERO
state machine is DECISION
state machine is BLOCKED
state machine is ACTIVE
decision bit
veto OR
trigger master OR
NIM out 7
NIM out 6
NIM out 5
NIM out 4
NIM out 3
NIM out 2
NIM out 1
NIM out 0
ADC waveforms Sample value
Sample number50.0 55.0 60.0 65.0 70.0 75.0 80.0 85.0 90.0 95.0 100.0
650.0
ADC waveform 1
Wojtek Skulski CERN Oberon Day March/2004
Summary
• Several projects were successfully developed using BlackBox.
• Students could learn BlackBox programming very rapidly.
• BlackBox and Component Pascal provide robust development
system: excellent debugger, no memory leaks, no dangling pointers.
• Instantaneous compile/load/debug cycle helps to meet deadlines.
• BlackBox is easy to interface with hardware.
• Excellent support provided by the vendor.
• Knowledgeable user community, quick response to questions.
• Free for educational institutions.
Wojtek Skulski CERN Oberon Day March/2004
Acknowledgements
• I wish to thank the following persons and institutions:
• Oberon Microsystems for making BlackBox freely available
to educational institutions, for their generous help, and for many discussions.
• Robert Campbell for help and many discussions.
• Fyodor Tkachov for never giving up.
• Professor Frank Wolfs, University of Rochester.
• BlackBox user community.
• SkuTek Instrumentation.
• Students: Susanne Levine, Daniel Miner, Len Zheleznyak , Saba Zuberi.