The basic function of guideways is to ensure that the machine
tool operation element carrying the workpiece or cutting tool moves
along a predetermined path which is generally a straight line as in
lathe, drilling, boring machines etc. or circular as in vertical
turret lathe and boring mills. The major requirements that the
guideways must satisfy are:
1) High accuracy and surface finish of guideways surface. 2)
High accuracy of travel which is possible only when the deviation
of the actual path of travel of the operative element from the
predetermined path is minimum.3) Durability which depend upon the
ability of guideways, to retain the initial accuracy of
manufacturing and travel.4) Low value of frictional forces acting
on the guideways surface to ensure less wear.5) Minimum possible
variation of the coefficient of friction.6) High rigidity.7) Good
damping properties.
Surface of the guideways and operate element. Guideways can be
classified as:
1) Guideways with sliding friction known as slide ways.2)
Guideways with rolling friction known as anti-friction ways.
