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Exotic Birds II
Dr. N. Matthew Ellinwood, D.V.M., Ph.D.
March 19, 2012
IOWA STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE AND LIFE SCIENCES
Passerine Birds
• Perching or songbirds– Anisodactyl– One order (oscines) control syrinx muscles for song– Perching “stay” mechanism
• Latin name for house sparrows (passer)
• Passeriformes: half bird species– 5,000 identified species
Passerines• Common Hill Myna
– (Myna – any Indian bird of the Starling family)
• Omnivorous
• Native to Southeast Asia
• 1990’s 20,000 in trade/yr
• Captive bred/imported
• Not endangered
• Popularity
Finches• Zebra– Australian– Research, neural basis of learning
• Gouldian Finches– Australian (pot 100,000 pets)– Color variants in fancy
Canaries
• Finch song bird from Madeira, Azores, Canaries– Islands named for dogs
• Bred, since 1600’s for– Type– Color– Song (eg Harz Roller)
• Research model of neurogenesis• Canary in the coal mine
Color Varieties• Red Factor
– Diet dependent– Bronze
• Many others– Ino, Eumo, Satinette,
Bronze, Ivory, Onyx, Mosaic, and Brown
Body Type• Usually along size
– Fife (small)– Many other varieties
• Usually named for place names
• UK Types– Border, Fife, Lancashire, Yorkshire, and Gloster
• Others– Gibber Italicus, Raza Española, Berner, Mexicana, Australian Plainhead
Song Types
• Spanish Timbrado• German Roller (also known as "Harzer Roller” or
Harz, for the Harz Mountains)• Awaterslager (aka Malinois)• American• Russian Singer• Persian Singer
Reptiles
REPTILES• Taxinomic class defined by:
– Air breathing– Egg laying of shelled eggs– Scaled or scute covered skin/bodies
• Four orders– Crocodiles– Sphenodontia (tuataras – New Zealand, resembles lizards)– Sqamata
• Lizards, snakes, amphisbaenians (worm lizards)
– Chelonia or Testuidines (turtles etc)
Chelonians
• Turtles
• Tortoises
• Terrapins
• Salmonella risks– Not just turtles, etc.
TURTLES
• spend most or all of their time in water• leatherback turtle – Dermochelys coriacea– largest turtle, endangered
TORTOISE
• spend most or all of their time on land• Aldabra tortoise – Geochelone gigantia – 2nd largest tortoise, CITES protected
TERRAPINS
• Spend significant time on land and in water
• American Indian word
TERRAPINS - Red-Eared Slider
• Southern U.S.
• omnivorous
• 75° F
Red-Eared slider – Trachemys scripta elegans
LIZARDS• habitats - desert to marshes
• diets - herbivorous, omnivorous, carnivorous, insectivorous
• temperature requirements - widely varied
• bottom line - do your homework
Iguanas• Green iguana
• Calcium
• Vit D– Lights
• Central and South Am
• Up to ~ 7 feet• Related
– Chuckwalla
– Desert Iguana
Anoles
• Small new world lizard
• False chamelions
• Green Anole– Native to USA– Cuban brown
• Now in Florida
– Knight Anole• 18 inches
Skinks
• Small lizards
• Five lined skink– North America native
• Blue tongued skink– Australian– Pet trade
• Solomon Island giant skink– Arboreal– Largest species of skink; 28”
Geckos
• Desert to tropical
• Lamellated feet– Climbers
• Nocturnal and vocal
• Leopard gecko– India native
– Pest control
– Popular pet species
• Tokay gecko– Aggressive
Chameleons
• Experienced owner only
• Africa, southern Europe, Near East to south asia
• Change color
• Turret eyes
horned toad (a lizard - really!)
Phrynosoma platyrhinos –
TUATARAS
• habitat - small islands around New Zealand
• diet - carnivorous• temperature
– ~54° F
• 50-80 cm; up to 1 kg• living fossils
AMPHISBAENIANS worm lizards
• Florida worm lizard – Rhineura floridana