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Exotic Birds II Dr. N. Matthew Ellinwood, D.V.M., Ph.D. March 19, 2012 IOWA STATE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE AND LIFE

Exotic Birds II Dr. N. Matthew Ellinwood, D.V.M., Ph.D. March 19, 2012 I OWA S TATE U NIVERSITY C OLLEGE OF A GRICULTURE AND L IFE S CIENCES

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Page 1: Exotic Birds II Dr. N. Matthew Ellinwood, D.V.M., Ph.D. March 19, 2012 I OWA S TATE U NIVERSITY C OLLEGE OF A GRICULTURE AND L IFE S CIENCES

Exotic Birds II

Dr. N. Matthew Ellinwood, D.V.M., Ph.D.

March 19, 2012

IOWA STATE UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE AND LIFE SCIENCES

Page 2: Exotic Birds II Dr. N. Matthew Ellinwood, D.V.M., Ph.D. March 19, 2012 I OWA S TATE U NIVERSITY C OLLEGE OF A GRICULTURE AND L IFE S CIENCES

Passerine Birds

• Perching or songbirds– Anisodactyl– One order (oscines) control syrinx muscles for song– Perching “stay” mechanism

• Latin name for house sparrows (passer)

• Passeriformes: half bird species– 5,000 identified species

Page 3: Exotic Birds II Dr. N. Matthew Ellinwood, D.V.M., Ph.D. March 19, 2012 I OWA S TATE U NIVERSITY C OLLEGE OF A GRICULTURE AND L IFE S CIENCES

Passerines• Common Hill Myna

– (Myna – any Indian bird of the Starling family)

• Omnivorous

• Native to Southeast Asia

• 1990’s 20,000 in trade/yr

• Captive bred/imported

• Not endangered

• Popularity

Page 5: Exotic Birds II Dr. N. Matthew Ellinwood, D.V.M., Ph.D. March 19, 2012 I OWA S TATE U NIVERSITY C OLLEGE OF A GRICULTURE AND L IFE S CIENCES

Canaries

• Finch song bird from Madeira, Azores, Canaries– Islands named for dogs

• Bred, since 1600’s for– Type– Color– Song (eg Harz Roller)

• Research model of neurogenesis• Canary in the coal mine

Page 6: Exotic Birds II Dr. N. Matthew Ellinwood, D.V.M., Ph.D. March 19, 2012 I OWA S TATE U NIVERSITY C OLLEGE OF A GRICULTURE AND L IFE S CIENCES

Color Varieties• Red Factor

– Diet dependent– Bronze

• Many others– Ino, Eumo, Satinette,

Bronze, Ivory, Onyx, Mosaic, and Brown

Page 7: Exotic Birds II Dr. N. Matthew Ellinwood, D.V.M., Ph.D. March 19, 2012 I OWA S TATE U NIVERSITY C OLLEGE OF A GRICULTURE AND L IFE S CIENCES

Body Type• Usually along size

– Fife (small)– Many other varieties

• Usually named for place names

• UK Types– Border, Fife, Lancashire, Yorkshire, and Gloster

• Others– Gibber Italicus, Raza Española, Berner, Mexicana, Australian Plainhead

Page 8: Exotic Birds II Dr. N. Matthew Ellinwood, D.V.M., Ph.D. March 19, 2012 I OWA S TATE U NIVERSITY C OLLEGE OF A GRICULTURE AND L IFE S CIENCES

Song Types

• Spanish Timbrado• German Roller (also known as "Harzer Roller” or

Harz, for the Harz Mountains)• Awaterslager (aka Malinois)• American• Russian Singer• Persian Singer

Page 9: Exotic Birds II Dr. N. Matthew Ellinwood, D.V.M., Ph.D. March 19, 2012 I OWA S TATE U NIVERSITY C OLLEGE OF A GRICULTURE AND L IFE S CIENCES

Reptiles

Page 10: Exotic Birds II Dr. N. Matthew Ellinwood, D.V.M., Ph.D. March 19, 2012 I OWA S TATE U NIVERSITY C OLLEGE OF A GRICULTURE AND L IFE S CIENCES

REPTILES• Taxinomic class defined by:

– Air breathing– Egg laying of shelled eggs– Scaled or scute covered skin/bodies

• Four orders– Crocodiles– Sphenodontia (tuataras – New Zealand, resembles lizards)– Sqamata

• Lizards, snakes, amphisbaenians (worm lizards)

– Chelonia or Testuidines (turtles etc)

Page 11: Exotic Birds II Dr. N. Matthew Ellinwood, D.V.M., Ph.D. March 19, 2012 I OWA S TATE U NIVERSITY C OLLEGE OF A GRICULTURE AND L IFE S CIENCES

Chelonians

• Turtles

• Tortoises

• Terrapins

• Salmonella risks– Not just turtles, etc.

Page 12: Exotic Birds II Dr. N. Matthew Ellinwood, D.V.M., Ph.D. March 19, 2012 I OWA S TATE U NIVERSITY C OLLEGE OF A GRICULTURE AND L IFE S CIENCES

TURTLES

• spend most or all of their time in water• leatherback turtle – Dermochelys coriacea– largest turtle, endangered

Page 13: Exotic Birds II Dr. N. Matthew Ellinwood, D.V.M., Ph.D. March 19, 2012 I OWA S TATE U NIVERSITY C OLLEGE OF A GRICULTURE AND L IFE S CIENCES

TORTOISE

• spend most or all of their time on land• Aldabra tortoise – Geochelone gigantia – 2nd largest tortoise, CITES protected

Page 14: Exotic Birds II Dr. N. Matthew Ellinwood, D.V.M., Ph.D. March 19, 2012 I OWA S TATE U NIVERSITY C OLLEGE OF A GRICULTURE AND L IFE S CIENCES

TERRAPINS

• Spend significant time on land and in water

• American Indian word

Page 15: Exotic Birds II Dr. N. Matthew Ellinwood, D.V.M., Ph.D. March 19, 2012 I OWA S TATE U NIVERSITY C OLLEGE OF A GRICULTURE AND L IFE S CIENCES

TERRAPINS - Red-Eared Slider

• Southern U.S.

• omnivorous

• 75° F

Red-Eared slider – Trachemys scripta elegans

Page 16: Exotic Birds II Dr. N. Matthew Ellinwood, D.V.M., Ph.D. March 19, 2012 I OWA S TATE U NIVERSITY C OLLEGE OF A GRICULTURE AND L IFE S CIENCES

LIZARDS• habitats - desert to marshes

• diets - herbivorous, omnivorous, carnivorous, insectivorous

• temperature requirements - widely varied

• bottom line - do your homework

Page 17: Exotic Birds II Dr. N. Matthew Ellinwood, D.V.M., Ph.D. March 19, 2012 I OWA S TATE U NIVERSITY C OLLEGE OF A GRICULTURE AND L IFE S CIENCES

Iguanas• Green iguana

• Calcium

• Vit D– Lights

• Central and South Am

• Up to ~ 7 feet• Related

– Chuckwalla

– Desert Iguana

Page 18: Exotic Birds II Dr. N. Matthew Ellinwood, D.V.M., Ph.D. March 19, 2012 I OWA S TATE U NIVERSITY C OLLEGE OF A GRICULTURE AND L IFE S CIENCES

Anoles

• Small new world lizard

• False chamelions

• Green Anole– Native to USA– Cuban brown

• Now in Florida

– Knight Anole• 18 inches

Page 19: Exotic Birds II Dr. N. Matthew Ellinwood, D.V.M., Ph.D. March 19, 2012 I OWA S TATE U NIVERSITY C OLLEGE OF A GRICULTURE AND L IFE S CIENCES

Skinks

• Small lizards

• Five lined skink– North America native

• Blue tongued skink– Australian– Pet trade

• Solomon Island giant skink– Arboreal– Largest species of skink; 28”

Page 20: Exotic Birds II Dr. N. Matthew Ellinwood, D.V.M., Ph.D. March 19, 2012 I OWA S TATE U NIVERSITY C OLLEGE OF A GRICULTURE AND L IFE S CIENCES

Geckos

• Desert to tropical

• Lamellated feet– Climbers

• Nocturnal and vocal

• Leopard gecko– India native

– Pest control

– Popular pet species

• Tokay gecko– Aggressive

Page 21: Exotic Birds II Dr. N. Matthew Ellinwood, D.V.M., Ph.D. March 19, 2012 I OWA S TATE U NIVERSITY C OLLEGE OF A GRICULTURE AND L IFE S CIENCES

Chameleons

• Experienced owner only

• Africa, southern Europe, Near East to south asia

• Change color

• Turret eyes

Page 22: Exotic Birds II Dr. N. Matthew Ellinwood, D.V.M., Ph.D. March 19, 2012 I OWA S TATE U NIVERSITY C OLLEGE OF A GRICULTURE AND L IFE S CIENCES

horned toad (a lizard - really!)

Phrynosoma platyrhinos –

Page 23: Exotic Birds II Dr. N. Matthew Ellinwood, D.V.M., Ph.D. March 19, 2012 I OWA S TATE U NIVERSITY C OLLEGE OF A GRICULTURE AND L IFE S CIENCES

TUATARAS

• habitat - small islands around New Zealand

• diet - carnivorous• temperature

– ~54° F

• 50-80 cm; up to 1 kg• living fossils

Page 24: Exotic Birds II Dr. N. Matthew Ellinwood, D.V.M., Ph.D. March 19, 2012 I OWA S TATE U NIVERSITY C OLLEGE OF A GRICULTURE AND L IFE S CIENCES

AMPHISBAENIANS worm lizards

• Florida worm lizard – Rhineura floridana