CHAPTER 3

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Environmental Performance Report and Management Plan (EPRMP) were prepared to provide

information on the potential negative and positive environmental and social impacts of the

project in compliance with the requirements of Presidential Decree No. 1586. It also aims to

make recommendations for the mitigation of the potential negative impacts and enhancement of

the positive ones. A field survey of the project site was conducted and potential environmental

impacts of project activities were identified, assessed, and documented. The group carried out

consultations with various people, particularly lead agencies, local authorities and the affected

people.

CHAPTER 4

Baseline Environment

4.1 Barangay Profile

This Barangay Profile was prepared by the City Planning and Development

Office as its modest contribution to the Barangay Government of Concepcion and its

residents to serve as their initial basis in the formulation of Barangay Development Plan

and other planning documents. The Barangay is presented to the readers with a

description of its physical characteristics, history, map, demography and sectorial

attributes. In sum, this profile shows the Barangay for what it is , leaving the opportunity

to the keenly perceptive to see what it lacks and should strive to provide, to appreciate

what it has and should conscientiously develop and sustain, to realize what it is now and

envision what it should be in the future.

4.2 Physical and Natural Characteristics

Physical Characteristics

Barangay Concepcion is within the District IV of rural barangay located in the

northeastern part with a distance of 2.8 km from the City proper.

Slope

The ground surface of this barangay falls under 0-3% to above 50% slope

classification which is level to very gently sloping.

Land Area

It has a total land area of 283.44 hectares covering 1.32% of the total land area of

the City.

Land Used

Barangay Concepcion is within the three kilometers radius zoned as residential

with Christ the King monument at the patio of the Roman Catholic cathedral as the

reference point. Areas of about 100 meters on the both sides of the provincial road right

of way of Schetelig Avenue extending northward and northeast via the San Pablo City –

Nagcarlan road in Barangay Concepcion is zoned as Commercial Area. This is based on

the existing Comprehensive Zoning Ordinance of the City of San Pablo. Ord. No.28,

series 2000.

Boundaries

Barangay Concepcion is bounded on the north by Barangay San Pedro; on the

east by Barangay Sta. Isabel; and on the west by Barangay IV-A and II-E.

Climate

It has no definite season. Rainfall is evenly distributed throughout the year. It is

relatively dry from November to April and wet during the rest of the year. It has weather

favorable to production, not only to traditional food crops like rice and corn, but also

some fruit trees that rarely grow abundantly in other parts of the country like lanzones

and rambutan.

Government Buildings

1. Barangay Hall

2. Day Care Center

3. Health Center

4. Barangay Outpost

5. Elementary School

6. Basketball Courts

4.3 Demography

In May and June 2000, the National Statistics Office (NSO) conducted the 2000

Census of Population and Housing, more popularly known as Census 2000. The

nationwide undertaking is the 11th Population Census and the 5th Housing Census

conducted in the country. As of year 2000 Barangay Concepcion has an actual population

of 6514. For the year 2004 it has a projected population of 7241.

Annual Population Growth

Figure 4-1 Total Population and Number of households (2004-2007)

2010 2011

Total Population No. of House holds Total Population No. of House holds

7928 1789 8071 1836

Table 4-1 Total Population and Number of households (2010-2011)

2012 2013

Total Population No. of House holds Total Population No. of House holds

8218 1863 8366 1897

Table 4-2 Total Population and Number of households (2012-2013)

2014 2015

Total Population No. of House holds Total Population No. of House holds

8518 1932 8672 1966

Table 4-3 Total Population and Number of households (2014-2015)

Age Distribution

Figure 4-2 Age distribution of male and female

4.4 Health

Health Facilities

Figure 4-3 Barangay Hall

A semi-concrete building situated beside the barangay hall serves as the health center

where the City Health Office administers to the medical needs of indigent residents.

Another health center is located in Dagatan Boulevard but was seldom used because the

building was not maintained and presently has defective roofing.

Figure 4-4 Dump truck

A dump truck is used to collect garbage in the Barangay every Sunday.

Health Programs

1. Medical Assistance

2. Malnutrition Program

3. Vaccination

Toilet Facilities

A large portion of households use water sealed type(80%), flush type(18%) and

the rest (2%) mostly located along the river banks and remote area have no toilet.

Most Common Problem in the Barangay

1. Poverty/Unemployment

2. Robbery and Stealing

3. Drug Addiction

4. Illegal squatting

Industry

Existence of Manufacturing Industries

1. Savory Drinks

2. Ann Success Garments

3. Casket Maker

Existence of Small- Scale/ Cottage Industries

1. Cone Makers

2. Lantern Maker

Types of Business Establishments

Establishments in the area are: sari-sari stores, rice dealer/retailer, eatery, duck

poultry farm, manufacturer/export and contractor.

Tourism

Figure 4-5 The Bunot lake

Bunot Lake, one of the seven lakes of the City can be found on the southeastern

part of the barangay. It is 4.5 kilometers from the city proper, known for its cultured tilapia. It

has a normal surface area of 30.5 hectares with 23.0 meters maximum depth.

AGRICULTURE

Crop produced

The crops in the barangay are coconut, lanzones, rambutan, pineapple, corn and

vegetables.

Market of crops produced

Crops that are produced are marketed to the public market and in other parts of

metro Manila.

Poultry

1. Mark De Castro(Duck) Layers Farm

2. Fighting Cock Farm

CHAPTER 5

Environmental and Social Impact

5.1 Introduction

This chapter discusses the environmental and social impacts in the barangay.

Potential negative impacts are identified and described.

Potential impacts on environmental and social resources arising from the

barangay development include direct and indirect (both permanent and temporary)

impacts within the development area and its surroundings. There is also potential for

some of these impacts to be cumulative.

5.2 Land

Land use patterns tell a story of human activity and environmental evolution, and

future settlement patterns are of interest to many. Changes in land use alter the

distribution of vegetation, homes and workplaces, and consequently influence biogenic

and on-road mobile emissions. The forces that drive land use change range from climate

to topography, public policies to highway access, and interact in an intricate way. Such

factors can be spatially correlated to a large extent, and distance plays a major role.

The issue of protected areas and their impacts on rural communities is somewhat

contentious. Despite an acknowledged lack of empirical evidence that protected areas

universally deleteriously affect local livelihood, it is often reported that the creation of

protected areas ultimately leads to human and/or economic displacements, through

voluntary or forcible relocation of populations living inside protected area boundaries.

Encroachment into protected areas or ecologically-sensitive areas also becomes a

problem in these barangay. Many unlawful residents are living near the Bunot Lake and

most of them are dumping their solid wastes in the lake.

Soil degradation and soil erosion are also one of the problems that are occurring

in this barangay. Soil degradation is the decline in soil quality caused by its improper

use, usually for agricultural, pastoral, industrial or urban purposes. It also happens when soil

deteriorates because of human activity and loses its quality and productivity. It happens when

soil loses its nutrients, or its organic matter. Simply, it is the breakdown of soil particles.

Degradation is not the same as soil erosion, which when the soil is washed or blown away by

water or wind. Soil erosion is common when trees are cut down, and then it rains, so the soil is

moved somewhere else. Trees and their root systems keep the soil in place and thus prevent soil

erosion.

Figure 5-1 Soil Degradation

5.3 Water

Dirty water is the world's biggest health risk, and continues to threaten both

quality of life and public health in the Philippines. Water quality and quantity are

intimately linked although not often measured simultaneously.

The quality of freshwater at any point on the landscape reflects the combined

effects of many processes along water pathways. Human activities on all spatial scales

affect both water quality and quantity. Alteration of the landscape and associated

vegetation has not only changed the water balance, but typically has altered processes

that control water quality.

According to the water quality report of the Laguna Lake Development Authority

(LLDA), increased concentration of ammonia and inorganic phosphates were observed in

San Pablo lakes. Such levels of substances exceeded the allowed and acceptable amount.

Furthermore, fecal impurities have been found on all the lakes. The Sampaloc

Lake is reported to be the dirtiest of the seven lakes while Pandin Lake is said to be the

cleanest but should still be guarded due to the amount of phosphate deposits found. Also,

removing the excess impurities on the water of the Sampaloc Lake cannot be done on a

short of period of time. This will take a long process since too many impurities such as

ammonia and fecal matters were found on its waters during according to the water quality

testing result.

LLDA also said that continuous efforts and community participation should be

exerted in order for the lake to be free from excess impurities. Due to the overcrowding

of fish pens in Bunot Lake, it was highly recommended that fishing activities be stopped

to let the lake recover. For the past few years, there has been no report of any flood

occurrences.

5.4 Air

Air quality is degraded when unwanted chemicals or other materials are released

into the air in large enough amounts to harm the health of people, plants and animals, and

our environment. This is called “air pollution,” and the harmful substances are called “air

pollutants.” Many air pollutants occur as gases or vapors, but some are very tiny solid

particles, such as dust, smoke or soot. Some are emitted from natural sources, such as

volcanoes, while many others come from human activity.

Road traffic and vehicle pollution tends to be one of the problems in urban and

rural areas. The motor vehicle engine emits many types of pollutants including nitrogen

oxides (NOx), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), carbon monoxide (CO), carbon

dioxide (CO2), particulates, sulfur dioxide (SO2) and lead.

Emissions are related to use of the engine, mainly the fuel type and the

temperature of combustion. If the engine is 100% efficient, then the products of

combustion will be CO2 and water (H2O). However, at low loads engines are inefficient

and therefore the products of incomplete combustion dominate, for example CO and

VOCs in petrol engines and carbon monoxide, VOCs and smoke in diesels. As the

temperature of combustion increases, the efficiency of conversion to CO2 and water

increases. However, impurities in the fuel such as nitrogen are oxidized to NO2. At high

temperatures atmospheric nitrogen (N2) is also oxidized to NO2, hence at higher loads and

speeds, NO2 production dominates.

5.5 Noise

Noise pollution can be defined as intrusive noise that disrupts, distracts, or

detracts from regular functioning. And while people mainly think of noise pollution as a

problem of the big cities, with the competing sounds of more people in a smaller space,

noise pollution can also be found in suburban neighborhoods (in the form of leaf blowers,

lawn mowers, and home construction) and even individual homes and offices at levels

that can have a negative impact on your health and productivity.

Cars are one of the complaints of those who live in busy streets because of the

disruption from the sounds of traffic. Interestingly, though, even low levels of traffic

noise can be damaging to people, and traffic noise is one of the most commonly

experienced contributors to noise pollution.

Many people don’t think of their homes as ‘noisy’, but if there’s a lot of activity

in the home, including a constantly running TV, this overall noise level can actually be a

threat to concentration and a cause of stress.

CHAPTER 6

Preventive / Mitigation and Monitoring Parameters

Possible Environmental/Social Impacts

Preventive/Mitigating Measures

Land

Consistency with land use Soil Erosion Change in surface

landform/topography/terrain/slope Soil/Land contamination due to

improper solid waste disposal Encroachment into protected areas or

ecologically-sensitive areas

Formulate standards and criteria for collection, transportation, treatment, recycling, and destruction of hazardous wastes

Establish a mechanism for NGOs to undertake continuous monitoring, inspecting, controlling and evaluating of hazardous waste management by original sources.

Construct and develop an information network about sources of pollution and amount of hazardous waste generated by each type of various sources.

Apply the polluter pays principle for collection of fees, using taxation or other appropriate mechanisms, for collection, treatment, and destruction of hazardous waste.

Water

Increased siltation due to project activities.

Water quality degradation

Check with your local authorities if there is a chemical disposal plan for local residents.

Set-up proper and adequate sanitary facilities

Strictly observe proper waste handling and disposal

Provision of wastewater treatment facility

Air/Noise

Air quality degradation Nuisance due to generation of

obnoxious/unpleasant odor Nuisance due to noise generation

Properly operate and maintain all emission sources like vehicles

Install when applicable, the appropriate air pollution control device/s

Install methane recovery facility

Strictly enforce good housekeeping practices

Control vehicle speed to lessen suspension of road dust

Use covered vehicles to deliver materials that may generate dust

Planting of trees Properly operate and maintain all noise

control device Implement appropriate operating hours

CHAPTER 7

Recommendation