Evolving HD Engine Technology to Meet Future Emissions

Wayne Eckerle

VP Corporate R & T

June 14, 2017

2017 ERC Symposium

Liquid Fuels Will Dominate Transportation for Decades to Come

3

WIN with IC Engines

Combustion and Fuel Operating Space

Next Generation Combustion

Technologies Have Common Goal

Lower In-Cylinder Heat

Transfer

Shorter Combustion Duration

Both Increase PCP

Technical Approach to 55% BTE with Diesel

System Optimization

Technical Approach to 55% BTE with Diesel

Multiphysics System-Level ALD Modeling

Super System

Simulation

Combustion

Optimization

Architecture Assessment

System Simulation

TPP

FRM +

Controls

Co

mp

on

en

t D

ura

bilit

y a

nd

Reli

ab

ilit

yC

om

po

ne

nt F

low

& C

om

bu

stio

n P

erfo

rma

nc

e

System Limits

Option

Tool

Archite

cture

GEL/Duty Cycle

Simulation

Duty Cycle

Path to 55% BTE with Diesel Fuel

Demonstrated SuperTruck 1

‘Dual’ Turbine with Exhaust, EGR, and Coolant Heat Recovery

10

SuperTruck GHG Performance

Low NOx Rule – Two Paths

11Cummins Restricted Confidential

Low NOx Rule

90% Reduction On Current

Certification Cycles

New Low Load Cycles

Real World Reductions

ARB EPA

Cold Start Focus

Sustained Low Temp

Performance Focus

Low Engine

Out NOx

Fast

Catalyst

Warm Up

Catalyst

Keep

Warm

Cold Aftertreatment

NOx ConversionControls &

Sensors

Multi-Fuel Engine Platform Design Example

Total Fluid Consumption

Compared to Diesel

Cost and Fluid Consumption

Placement of a Gasoline Engine

Optimized for Commercial Use

ETHOS Vehicle Capability

-100.0-95.0-90.0-85.0-80.0-75.0-70.0-65.0-60.0-55.0-50.0-45.0-40.0-35.0-30.0-25.0-20.0-15.0-10.0-5.00.0

FTP HFET HTUF P&DCummins

P&D

%C

han

ge in

CO

2

CO2 Emissions Reduction With 17.5k GVWFarmed Trees Ethanol Pathway

Diesel Gasoline

HD Natural Gas - Cycle Efficiency Progression

2010

Norm

aliz

ed B

TE

0

20152013 2017

Production Natural Gas

-2-4

-6-8

-10

-12

-14

-16

42

68

14%

2016

Time

2014

CWI Optional Near Zero Product Line

8.9L

Spark Ignited, SEGR, TWC

Peak Rating: 320 hp

1000 lb-ft torque

66,000 lb. GVW

Refuse/Transit/Regional P&D

Truck/Mixers

NZ Available Now

6.7L

Spark Ignited, SEGR, TWC

Peak Rating: 260 hp

660 lb-ft torque

33,000 lb. GVW

School bus/Shuttle

bus/Sweeper/Yard spotter

0.1 g/bhp NOx Available Now

11.9L

Spark Ignited, SEGR, TWC

Peak Rating: 400 hp

1450 lb-ft torque

80,000 lb. GVW

Regional Haul

Truck/Tractor/Refuse

NZ Available Q1 2018

18

Conventional

Powertrain

Micro Hybrid

Powertrain

IC Engine Prime Mover Powertrain Architectures

Technology Leadership for Electrification

Generator

Traction

Energy storageBattery Management Systems

Cell Materials &Construction

Thermal & Structural Design

Life Prediction

Standards & Regulations

Reuse and Recycling

Power electronicsIGBT & WBG Devices

Filters

Controls

Scalable Platforms

Engines/Prime MoversDownsizing

Alternate Fuels

Electrical Integration

System integrationVehicle Control

Application Modeling

Functional Safety

Infrastructure Communications

Rotating electricsElectromagnetic Design

Vehicle and/or engine integration

Low cost manufacturing

20

Mild Hybrid

Powertrain

IC Engine Prime Mover Powertrain Architectures

Electric Motor Prime Mover Vehicle

Powertrain Architectures

Purolator

BEV

Program

Quebec

PHEV

Program

DOE PHEV

ProgramCERC

Program

SuperTruck 2

Program

NA & EU NA & EU NA & EU NA & EU NA

Class 4

P&D

Class 7 & 8

Bus

Class 6 P&D Class 5 P&D Class 8 LH

xEV

(BEV)

xEV (REEV) xEV (REEV) xEV (REEV) Mild Hybrid

SAE

J1772

SAE J3105 (WIP)

SAE J1772 SAE J2954(WIP) SAE J1772

- ISB 4.5L

Diesel

ISB 4.5L

DieselISF 2.8L SI -

62 kWHr 50 kWHr LTO

110 kWHr

NMC

110 kWHr

NMC

75–110 kWHr NMC 5 kWHr (48V)

2017 2018 2018 2020 2021

2 year 3 years 3 years 5 years 5 years

TM4 /

Purolator

STL / TM4 /

IVI

PACCAR /

OSU / ANL /

NREL

FCCC / ANL / OSU /

Purdue / ORNL

Peterbuilt / Eaton /

ORNL / NREL

Region

Market

Architecture

Charging

Gen Set

ESS Energy

Program

Demos

Partners*Estimates

Current Electrification Systems Projects

Future Powertrain Systems

Connected Systems

Powertrain

Powertrain Integration

Energy Diversityelectrification,

natural gas, gasoline

Bio - Diesel Gasoline ElectricDiesel - Hybrid

Clean Diesel Natural Gas Renewables

Intelligent

Transportation

System

Safety