Evolutionary Computation: an introduction (2)

© Ernesto Costa 2011

Systems

Models

Applications

“...to explain the complex visible by some simple invisible.”Jean Perrin



Biology

Evolution

Genetics

Development

Bio-Inspired Computation


Evolution

Diversity

Complexity


Evolution

Natural Selection

All species derive from common ancestorCharles Darwin, 1859

On the Origins of Species

Population

Survival of the fittest

Variation

Heredity


Genetics

Levels of Organization


Genetics

Inside the cell

Levels of Organization


GeneticsDNA BasesNucleotide

Coding 1.5%Regulatory 3%


GeneticsNucleotides


GeneticsFrom Genotype

To Phenotype


Genetics

Central Dogma

Introns

Exons

Splicing


Genetics

Mutation

Recombination

Variation


Genetics

Gene Expression

G

C G

C

A

T

T

A

T

A

G

C

A

T

A

T

A

T

G

CG

C

GC UA ACU U TC

G

Ala Pro Ile

Codon Codon Codon

Amino Acid

Folding

DNA

mRNA

Protein

Transcription

Translation

CodonAmino Acid


Genetics

Genetic Code

Redundancy


Genetics

Binding site OFF

Regulatory Region Coding Region

Gene

Gene Regulation

ON

Regulatory Protein

RNA

Protein


Genetics

Gene Regulatory Network


Development

!?


Development

Phases


Development

What is true for the E.coli is true for the elephantJacques Monod, 1965

Nobel Laureate

Genes for pattern formation


Similar number of roughly 20,000 genes

99% of genes have counterparts in each species

Development

Mouse vs Human


Development


Development

Gene Toolkit

fly

mouse

humans


Development

Question: Shared genes and diversity?


Development

Answer

Gene’s Switch

Regulatory Regions

Documents

Evolutionary Computation: an introduction (2)