Evolution of the Sikh Community Review

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  • 7/31/2019 Evolution of the Sikh Community Review

    1/3

    J \ovaow ly Kjto Fjkgoot ]a`dn ci T N

    BmKocfs Ovckutac` ci no

    ]a!n "c##u`aty$Xcstof ly Jfba`Gj`ujry :>, Kojvo j Mcbbo`t

    Ovckutac` ci no ]a!n "c##u`aty

    lyT.N. BmKocf

    Xulkasnof lyC!crf "`avorsaty Xross, #o$%a, :&'(Xjdos) ::>*Xramo) +s. (-

    \ovaow ly Fjkgoot ]a`dn% &ulkasnof a` tnoGcur`jk ci ]aen ]tufaos% 'u(u )j`j! Fov *`avo(saty%

    J#(atsj(+

    /%o lcc mcbrasos !avo s%crt ossjys =/%o 6vc$utac` c! ?a% Mcbbu`aty9, =/%o Gj`jbsj%as9, =Mc%osavo 4foj$s j`f 4`statutac`s a` t%o Nastcry c! t%o ?a% Xj`t%9, =/%o ?a%

    ?mraturos9 j`f =Mjsto a` t%o ?a% Xj`t%9. 4` t%o s%crt sjmo c! :8 j1os t%o jut%cr

    jttobts tc mcvor t%o ljm1rcu`f, cra1a` j`f 1rc7t% c! t%o afoc$c1y j`f j$$ t%o a`statutac`sc! t%o ?a%s j`f `jturj$$y t%o bot%cf jfctof as 5cur`j$astam j`f somu$jtavo rjt%or t%j`

    mcbro%o`savo j`f jmjfobam.

    ;artuj$$y, t%o o`taro strumturo c! t%o lcc as mc`strumtof c` t%o robasos t%jt ?a%asb %jf

    `c `o7 ro$a1acus t%osas. 4` j !o7 mrytam so`to`mos t%o jut%cr sjys t%jt t%o ?j`t trjfatac` c!2crt%or 4`faj 7js j` jbj$1jb c! 2jt%asb c! 0c1as j`f ;jas%`jvj 3%jta, j f t%jt Huru

    2j`j9s fcmtra`os 7oro j jrt c! t%jt ?j`t trjfatac`. J!tor %jva`1 bjfo t%jt jssortac`, t%o

    jut%cr as a` %jsto tc rcmoof tc ct%or assuos 7at%cut mjra`1 tc sulstj`tajto %as fc1bjs cr tco$ja`) jL 7%y !cr j$bcst t7c ba$$o``aj t%o clvacus$y %otorcfc fuj$asb c! 0c1j, 7at%

    ats mcotor`j$ Xurus%j j`f Xrjrata, oastof safo ly safo 7at% t%o 7crs%a c! 2jrjyj`j j`f

    ;as%`u, 7at% ats ab$amat !jat% a` t%o t%ocry c! Jvjtjr%ccf, t%o ro$a1acus sj`mtac` c!

    %aorjrm%amj$ mjsto j`f t%o bystam cra1a` j`f jut%craty c! t%o ;ofjs 7at%cut rcfuma`1 j`yjbj$1jb 7%jtscovor* lL 7%ot%or t%o 0c1am fuj$asb, 7at% ats jsmotam bot%cf !cr t%o

    asc$jtac` c! t%o Xurus%j, o`taro$y ccsof a` j$$ ats osso`taj$s tc t%o obctac`j$ ;jas%`jvj

    3%jta, 7at% ats ob%jtam lo$ao! a` mjsto j`f sj`mtaty c! ;ofjs, mcu$f jt j$$ rcfumo jsy`t%osas $ao t%o ?j`t trjfatac` 7%am% vartuj$$y roufajtof t%o jlcvo bo`tac`of

    !u`fjbo`tj$s c! lct% t%o bor1a`1 systobs* j`f mL 7%y t%as scmj$$of sy`t%osas jojrof

    c`$y j!tor t%o jfvo`t c! 4s$jb j`f ?u!asb a` 4`faj a` 7%am% j$sc, js a` t%o mjso c! ?j`ttrjfatac`, mjsto, fuj$asb, jsmotamasb, jut%craty c! ;ofjs j`f J vjtjr%ccf 7oro fo`aof j`f

    a`stojf t%o t%oastam jrcjm% c! $cvo c! Hcf mcbbo`fof. BmKocf as u`ba`f!u$ c! t%o

    7rata`1s c! 3or1sc`, 4lj$ j`f Fjo%`or a`famjta`1 t%o rc$o c! Xrc%otam cr Jmtavaty

    Bystamasb $ao t%jt c! M%rast j`f Bc%jbbjf a` 7%cb, tc uso t%o %rjso c! 3or1sc`, t%oar$cvo c! Hcf Oas trj`s!crbof a`tc Hcf9s $cvo !cr j$$ bo`I j`f bjo uso c! lcfy j`f l$ccf

    !cr rjasa`1 t%o $ovo$ c! %ubj` j!!jars j`f 7%c 1uafa`1 t%o fosta`y c! bo`.

    http://sikhcentre.wordpress.com/author/sikhcentre/http://sikhcentre.wordpress.com/2008/01/18/a-review-by-late-daljeet-singh-of-w-h-mcleods-1975-book/#respondhttp://sikhcentre.wordpress.com/2008/01/18/a-review-by-late-daljeet-singh-of-w-h-mcleods-1975-book/#respondhttp://sikhcentre.wordpress.com/author/sikhcentre/
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    J1ja`, BmKocf fcos `ct jttobt tc j`s7or) jL %c7 t%o uaotast bystamasb c! ?j`t

    /rjfatac` suffo`$y trj`s!crbof atso$! a`tc rc%otam Bystamasb c! Huru 2j`j t%o m%ao!

    fasta`1uas%a`1 !ojturo c! 7%am% 7js t%o uso c! =lcfy j`f l$ccf, j`f lL %c7 t%o uaotastafoj$ c! sj$vjtac` m%j`1of a`tc t%o mj$$ c! Huru 2j` t%jt =7%cscovor, 7j`ts tc $jy t%o

    1jbo c! $cvo c! Hcf s%cu$f mcbo 7at% %as %ojf c` %as j$b9, t%o 1cj$ c! $a!o loa`1 =tc

    mjrry cut t%o 7a$$ c! Hcf9 j`f tc $avo trut%, t%o sjbo loa`1 %a1%or t%j` trut% atso$!.9?tufo`ts c! bystamasb `c7 t%jt rc%otam bystamasb c! M%rast 1jvo raso D tc M%rastaj`

    uaotast bystams j`f saba$jr$y bystamasb c! Bc%jbbjf 1jvo raso tc uaotast su!asb, lut

    `ovor %js t%o vamo vorsj %jo`of. 2cr fcos BmKocf o$ja`) jL 7%y t%o Bu1%j$6borcrs, 7%c tcc `c `ctamo c! j`y l%jtj c! t%o ?j`t trjfatac`, !o$t soracus$y mc`mor`of

    cvor t%o c$atamj$ cto`taj$ c! t%o jmtavataos c! t%o ?a% Hurus, a`vc$va`1 t%o faromt

    mc`!rc`tjtac` c! !cur c! t%ob 7at% t%o #o$%a 6brorcr, j`f lL 7%y jt t%o vory tabo c! %as

    loa`1 a`stj$$of js t%o t% Huru, %o usof t7c s7crfs js jrt c! %as fross j`f rjasof t7c !$j1sjt t%o Jbratsjr /ob$o, c`o s7crf j`f `ct j rcsjryL j`f !$j1 loa`1 t%o syblc$ c! %as

    saratuj$ bassac` j`f t%o somc`f s7crf j`f t%o !$j1 loa`1 t%o syblc$ c! %as scmacc$atamj$

    cr1j`asjtac`.

    2c soracus stufo`t c! 4 faj` ro$a1ac`s, afoc$c1y j`f ?a%asb mcu$f j!!crf tc sa cvor

    t%oso j`f ct%or abcrtj`t assuos js BmKocf %js fc`o. No mcb$oto$y a1`cros t%o rc$o c!

    afojs j`f afoc$c1y a` ?a% %astcry. 4`stojf c! !a`fa`1 t%o ljsas !cr `o7 fovo$cbo`ts

    jbc`st t%o ?a%s a` t%o t%osas c! t%o Hurus, %o jttralutos t%o scmacc$atamj$ j`f ba$atjryjmtavataos c! t%o ?a% Hurus tc t%o a`!$uo`mo c! Gjt mu$turo j`f t%o roso`mo c! Gjt o$obo`ts

    jbc`1st ?a% rj`s.

    Js j %astcraj`, %o mcu$f `ct lo u`j7jro t%jt a` 4`faj` %astcry t%o Gjts 7%c 7oro roso`t a`

    $jr1o `ublors a` ?a`f, Xu`5jl, Njryj`j j`f +j5jst%j` jrojs %jvo s%c7` j sa`1u$jr $jm c!c$atamj$ jblatac` j`f mjjmaty !cr cr1j`asjtac` j`f $ojfors%a j`f t%jt at 7js, a`foof,

    3jlj 3uffj, t%o bcst rcba`o`t Gjt ?a% j`f j sjvj`t, 7%c !arst cl5omtof tc t%o t% Hurutja`1 u ba$atjry trja`a`1 !cr t%o ?a%s. /%cu1% BmKocf %js ljsof t%o o`taro fovo$cbo`tc! t%o ?a% bcvobo`t c` t%o rasa`1 a`!$uo`mo c! Gjt o$obo`ts jbc`1st t%o ?a% rj`s, yot

    %o %js `ct 1avo` j`y fjtj 7%jtscovor t%jt t%o raso c! Gjt ormo`tj1o, jbc`1st t%o ?a%s

    sy`m%rc`asof 7at% m%j`1o a` ?a% jblatac`s j`f t%oar ro$a1acus, scmaj$ j`f c$atamj$c$amaos. 4` !jmt, jvja$jl$o ovafo`mo c` t%o ca t mc`trcvorts %ab lomjuso t%o jut%o`tam

    7rata`1 c! 3%ja Hurfjs, j mc`tobcrjry c! t%o ?at% Huru, sjys t%jt jbc`1 t%o

    jrcabjto$y t7c %u`frof bcst rcba`o`t ?a%s c! %as tabo c`$y jlcut %j$! j fcAo` 7oroGjts, jlcut !a!too` c! $c7 mjstos j`f t%o rost %jtraos j`f ct%ors.

    /%o jut%cr j$sc a`famjtos t%jt t%o ba$atjry mc`!rc`tjtac` c! t%o ?a%s j1ja`st t%o Bus$ab

    ru$o 7js jrt$y fuo tc t%o a`!$uo`mo c! ?%jta mu$t c` t%ob fura`1 t%oar mjsuj$ vasats tc t%o

    Huru a` t%o ?%avj$a %a$$s 7at%cut s%c7a`1 7%y t%o j1o c$f jmmotj`mo c! t%o sjbo mu$t lyt%o %a$$ oc$o `ovor a`sarof t%ob tc t%rc7 c!! t%o Bus$ab yco.

    "`!crtu`jto$y, c`o c! BmKocf9s bj5cr $jsos as t%jt %o %js `ct traof tc tj t%o oasta`1

    rabjry, mc`tobcrjry j`f ojr mc`tobcrjry scurmos $ao ?ra Hur ?cl%j , Hurla$js

    Xjts%j%oo :8, ;jjrj` 3%ja Hurfjs, Xrob ?ubjjrj1, otm. j`f %js a`stojf ro$aof c` scurmost%jt jro somc`fjry j`f tortajry.

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    4` crfor tc rcvo %as ca`t %o as c!to` tobtof tc ro$y bcro c` mc`5omturo t%j` c` !jmts. Ecr

    ojb$o, %o 7ratos )

    jL jmmcrfa`1 tc Gj%j`1ar, Huru Jr5j` %jf l$ossof %usrc. 4` %as jutclac1rj%y %o m$ojr$ysjys t%jt %as rojsc` !cr oomuta`1 Huru Jr5j` #ov 7js t%jt %o %jf loo` lomcba`1 j scurmo

    c! a`!$uo`mo 7%am% bas$of lct% Na`fus j`f Bus$abs.

    4`o$amjl$y, BmKocf 7j`ts us `ct tc trust t%o 7rata`1 j`f jssossbo`t c! Gj%j`1ar j`fa`stojf rossos us tc lo$aovo %as 1uoss t%jt Gj%j`1ar j`f %as bo` bust jmtuj$4y %jvo

    jro%o`fof t%o jmtavataos c! t%o ?a%s `ct lomjuso c! t%o Huru lut lomjuso c! t%o Gjt

    a`!a$trjtac`.lL No jssorts t%jt t%o Eavo 9s 7oro Gjt syblc$s 7%am% 7oro jmmotof a` fuo mcurso js j

    bust !cr j$$ ?a%s. No `oat%or s%c7s t%jt t%oso 9s 7oro Gjt syblc$s a` t%o ro1ac` lo!cro

    t%oar jfctac` ly t%o ?a%s, `cr o$ja`s 7%y t%cso fasjojrof !rcb jbc`1 j$$ t%o Gjts c!

    t%o `oa1%lcura`1 ro1ac`s c! Njryj`j, +j5jst%j`, Xjastj`, otm., j`f yot a`mc`1rucus$y %oj$sc mc`mofos t%jt a` rjmtamo at as 1o`orj$$y t%o Gjts j`f `ct %jtra j`f Jrcrj ?a%s 7%c

    vac$jto t%o clsorvj`mo c! t%oso syblc$s.

    /%o m%ao! frj7ljm c! t%o jut%cr9s t%osas as t%jt %o %js a1`crof t%o ovafo`t o$j`jtac` c!t%o ?a% stru11$o j`f 1rc7t% a` t%o ro$a1acus t%osas j`f $avos c! t%o Hurus. Nas fa!!amu$ty

    j`f rcl$obs jro t%jt %jva`1 bjfo t%o sab$astam jssubtac` t%jt Huru 2j`j9s bassac`

    7js t%o sjbo js t%jt c! ct%or 3%jtjs, %o !a`fs t%o otoracraty, t%o cr1j`asjtac` j`f t%o

    scmacc$atamj$ cl5omtavos j`f stru11$o c! t%o ?a% Hurus uato u`o$ja`of. 3ut %jva`1loo` mc`!rc`tof ly t%o rcl$ob, %o, a`stojf c! romc`safora`1 %as robasos, fo!aj t$y

    rcmoofs tc !a`f rcs, $ao t%o Gjt o$obo`t, t%o ?%jta mu$t, otm. j`f t%oroly tc lua$f j

    !rj1a$o strumturo. BmKocf9s jttobt tc o$ja` t%o ?a% bcvobo`t uro$y ly otor`j$!jmtcrs as $ao c`o trya`1 tc o$ja` t%o 1rc7t% c! M%rastaj`aty 7at%cut ro!oro`mo tc t%o $a!o

    j`f tojm%a`1s c! M%rast j`f jttraluta`1 %as foo mc`mor` !cr t%o ccr j`f %as mratamasb c! t%o

    ram% tc bj`y c! %as !c$$c7ors loa`1 ccr !as%orbo` fosta`of tc j basorjl$o $ct.

    4t as t%o mcbbc` !ja$a`1 c! orsc`s 7at% bom%j`astam vao7s tc a1`cro t%o rc$o c! afojs j`fafoc$c1y js j mobo`ta`1 j`f faromtavo !crmo a` %ubj` %astcry j`f tc cvorstrotm% j`f

    cvorostabjto t%o sa1`a!amj`mo c! crfa`jry !jmts j`f rcuta`o ovo`ts 7%am% ct%or7aso a`

    saba$jr marmubstj`mos %jvo `ovor s%c7` j`y $ao cto`taj$.

    4! cffaty as cra1a`j$aty j`f mc`5omturj$ jssortac`s j`f jssubtac`s aomos c! %astcramj$ovafo`mo, t%o lcc jlcu`fs a` t%ob.

    (Vnas vorsac` roprcfumof ircb]c#o \omo`t ,ulkamjtac`s -` ]a!nas# . J` Ovjkujtac`

    ,

    pulkasnof ly tno A statuto ci ]aen ]tufaos, Mnj`fadjrn a` ]optoblor :11L