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“The views, opinions and findings contained in this report are those of the authors(s) and should not be construed as an official Department of the Army position, policy or decision, unless so designated by other official documentation.”
Georgette Hlepas, PhD, PEGeotechnical EngineerDam Safety Mandatory Design Center of Expertise, USACE
Vanessa C. Bateman, PE, PGChief, Civil Design BranchNashville District, USACE
AEG Annual Meeting24 September, 2016
1File Name
Evolution of Barrier Wall Contracts:US Army Corps of Engineers
3
Wolf Creek Dam1974-1978
Beaver Dam1980s
Addicks and Barker1982
Mud Mountain1988-1990
McAlpine L&D1994
Walter F. George2001-2003
West Hill2001-2002
Mississinewa2002-2005
Wolf Creek Dam2010-2013
Center Hill Dam2012-2015
Bolivar Dam2014-2016
East Branch Dam2014-Present
USACE Barrier Walls over Time
5
USACE Evolution
Prescriptive PerformancePerformance-ish
Contract Methodology
?
Wolf Creek 1974-78
Wolf Creek 2010-2013
6
USACE EvolutionContract Methodology
Build a Secant Wall
• Dimensions• Backfill• Verification• Means and Methods
Primary Element
Secondary Element
Build a Wall
or
or
Propose:Means and Methods
• Min Dimensions• Min Backfill properties• Verification
7
USACE EvolutionContract Methodology
Typical Section
Wolf Creek 1974-78
1. RFP Sent2. Selected Contractor Proposals3. Prescriptive Spec Written
PCEW - Hydromill
Rock
P
P P
5” min overlap
SP
S
9’-2”
6 ft
Cavity
Wolf Creek 2010-2013 Construction
Embankment
Alluvium
PLAN
PROFILE
35”
Pilot Hole – Wassara Water Hammer
PLAN
PROFILE
Wolf Creek 2010-2013 Construction
Embankment
Rock
Alluvium
Rock
31”
Min. 2’ Wall Thickness
Alluvium
Embankment
Wolf Creek 2010-2013 Construction
13
Pre-grouting?Grouting in 2 Contracts Grouting in 1 contract
Add Grout Line along platform from WOL or CEN
Upstream Grout LineAngled at 15° toward the right
24’
USACE EvolutionContract Methodology
2 Contracts2 Contracts with IDIQ1 ContractNo pre-grouting
15
USACE EvolutionVerification Methods
There are multiple methods to measure excavation
This one works great…for circular holes
16
USACE EvolutionVerification Methods
Need more than one methodBut three can be overkill.
Measure excavation dimension, verify with neat-line tools
PPP
PP
P
P
ÎÎ
Î
ÎÎP
PP
17
USACE EvolutionVerification Methods
Core Drilling remains important
Color in Concrete makes it easy to see good joints
22
USACE Evolution
Lorem Ipsum QA Report 1974
Changes in Data Management
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0.0%
2.0%
4.0%
6.0%
8.0%
10.0%
12.0%19
0020
0021
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00
Compressive Strength (psi)
2000 psi Requirement
12,811 cylinders
USACE EvolutionChanges in Data Management = EASIER!
PBW Continuity Statistics - Koden
Dimension Min (ft) Max (ft) Avg (ft) Spec (ft)Thickness 1.95 4.4 3.2 2.0Overlap 0.5 3.8 1.5 0.5
0 1 0 2 13 22 39 66 104200
385
550
764
1090
13551476
1197
914
651
427
19782 60 36 21 17 4 0
0.0%
2.0%
4.0%
6.0%
8.0%
10.0%
12.0%
14.0%
16.0%
18.0%
1.8 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5PBW Wall Thickness (feet)
Minimum Wall Thickness = 2'
9674 Measurements on 1197 Piles1 Measurement less than 2-ft
99.99%
USACE EvolutionChanges in Data Management