Evaluation of the Implementation of Radiation

Protection Measures for Aircrew

A. Poffijn Dienst Toezicht op het grondgebied en natuurlijke

straling

Objectives

• Evaluation of status of operational implementation of Art. 42 of BSS

• Degree of harmonisation• Differences in transposition:

– Choice of dose limits and constraints– Procedures for exposure assessment– ALARA below limits– Reporting requirements– Inspection and enforcement

Information channels

• Radiation protection authorities (RP)• National civil aviation authorities

(CAA)• Airlines (AL)

Country specific information

• 32 countries (27 EU member states + Croatia, Macedonia, Norway, Switzerland and Turkey)

• Information– Legislation– Dose register– National practice

Overview replies• Replies from 17 CAA, 16 RPA and 12 AL

Country CAA RPA AL RemarksBelgium - x - No apparent inconsistencies

with legislation

Cz Rep. x x x Different interpretation of action level for CAA & RP

France - - - No replies. Evaluation on legislation only

Germany x x x Slight inconsistencies for non-commercial airlines

Netherlands

x x - No inconsistencies

UK - - - No replies. Evaluation on legislation only

Replies airlines

• 12 AL replies OUT of 77 contacted• For Belgium SN, TNT and EAT

contacted… … No one did reply

Dose assessmentCountry Date of

dataAverage (mSv/y)

< 1 mSv/y

1-6 mSv/y

> 6 mSv/y

Belgium 2007 1,85 316 603 0

Croatia Several Y

n.a. 5359 157 15

Cz Rep Several Y

2,2 1700 -

18000

Denmark 2006 2,2 939 3769 0

Finland 2007 2,1 737 2970 1

Germany 2006 2,2 5641 26725 57

Ireland 2005 ~2.0 1500 5692 0

Netherlands

2007 1,73 2258 10918 0

Slovenia Prelim. 1-3 ~70 ~100 0

Sweden n.a. ~20% ~80% 0

Methods for dose assessment

• Dose calculation by software packages• CARI 6 and EPCARD most frequently

used• Rarely pre-calculated tables for flight

schedules• Only a few airplanes (in Germany)

equipped with on-board measurement equipment

Dose registration

• No registration for frequent flyers• No uniform way of information on doses to personnel

National Register

Operated by RPA

Operated by

HealthInspector

.

Operated by

Ministry of Labour

No info

Yes 27 24 1 1 1

No

Coming 1 1

No info 4

Conclusions

• Appropriate legislation implemented• Harmonisation:

Need for guidance:– Treatment of dose limits and constraints– Employment of freelancers – Crew members working for different

airlines

(future) Important role for EASA

Remark on EASA and

harmonisation

• Regulation EC 216/2008: uniform application of common rules

But…

No evidence in respect to cosmic radiation !