Evaluation of the Health Status of the Coverings of Villa

Evaluation of the Health Status of the Coverings of Villa dei Misteri in Pompeii

INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP DISS_13 - Dynamic interaction between Soil, Monuments and Built Environment December 12th, 2013, Roma Tre University, Aula Magna Department of Architecture

Villa dei Misteri is a suburban Roman villa which dates to the 2th c. B.C.. Significant building phases are attested around A.D.70-60 and after the A.D. 62 earthquake. Discovered in 1909, it is named after the superb frescoes depitcting the sequence of acts of a religious ritual (maybe related to the so-called Dyonisiac Misteryes)



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THE SUPERINTENDENCE FOR THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL AREA OF POMPEII AND ENEA ARE PLANNING A DETAILED SURVEY OF ROOF STRUCTURES WITH THE AIM OF EVALUATING ITS STATE OF PRESERVATION AND ASSESSING ITS SAFETY CONDITIONS

A TWOFOLD PROBLEM FOR MONUMENTAL SITES

Safeguarding visitors’ safety



Collapse of a wooden beam of the peristyle

Details of the collapsed beam



Roof typologies


Study of the covering structures


Data acquisition form on IPad

Thermographic examination of a vaulted room: it can be observed the presence of

three beams

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The definition of the floors typologies in the different areas of the Villa was mainly based on an in-depth visual examination, performed both inside and outside. The rooms in which observation alone has not allowed to ascertain the characteristics of the cover have been investigated with the use of a thermal imaging camera, which has allowed us to identify the presence of

the beams and their framework. All data were digitally collected in a specially conceived acquisition form.



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Study of the covering structures

Sclerometic test on a timber element

SEM Image showing cracks and iron oxide crystals on a reinforcerment bar

Essay on a r.c. beam and sample taking

Relief of reinforcement bars of a r.c. beam with the use of a cover meter

In order to better define some technical aspects of the structure, a preliminary diagnostic campaign has been performed, aiming at the definition of the investigation tests necessary for the characterisation of the covering. Particularly, essays were made on reinforced concrete beams, collecting samples later analyzed by means of electron microscopy, while the identification of the reinforcement bars layout has been carried out using a cover meter. Sclerometric tests and endoscopic observations have been also performed at the connection between timber elements and masonry, in order to evaluate the conservation state of the beams end.


Endoscopic survey of beam

extrados

REMOTE SENSING FOR NATURAL AND ANTHROPIC HAZARD ASSESSMENT

HAZARD ASSESSMENT: HYDROGEOLOGICAL RISK FOR CULTURAL HERITAGE AND HISTORIC CENTRES

EMERGENCY: UAV (UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE) AFTER EARTHQUAKE

The high geometric and spectral resolution

allows dectail study about morphology and anthropic features

High resolution image: UNESCO heritage in fluvial

flood area

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Landslide morphology acquisition

(da A. Fabbri, 2012)

Image processing of acquisition data Radio controller position

for indoor acquisition

UAV Remote Sensing is a technique that can

integrate the usual methodology of

survey

The technology has allowed to inspect inaccessible places

and survey the damage during the emergency

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The technology has allowed to inspect inaccessible places

and survey damage during the emergency

UAV REMOTE SENSING FOR ROOFS DAMAGE ASSESSMENT

HIGH DEFINITION IMAGES EXTRACTED FROM VIDEO ACQUIRED THROUGH FLIGHTS WITH RADIO-CONTROLLED DRONE

Flight direction for video acquisition

Videos were acquired in order to get different views of the roofs for a synoptic interpretation

In support of the acquisition Ground Control Points (GCP) for geocoding images were detected

Image processing of high resolution data

(1920x1080 px) is in progress to check

the roofs damage


Flight direction for video acquisition

Ambient vibration analysis techniques for site and structure characterization


Sensor layout

Ambient vibration test to characterize the dynamic response of the soil and of the most relevant structural components of the Villa. 15 Kinemetrics SS-1 seismometers have been deployed in two layouts: the first one (black numbers) to characterize the soil, and the second one (red numbers) to characterize the structure

Structural vulnerability


Final remarks

• It has been developed an analysis procedure based on a multidisciplinary approach, with which both integrity and structural stability of the roof structures of Villa dei Misteri can be assessed.

• The methodology here described has been developed also with the aim to qualify a standard procedure in view of further applications to similar roofing typologies, which are very common in the archaeological site of Pompeii.

• The data collect during the survey will be propaedeutic to a comprehensive safety assessment based on a seismic vulnerability analysis.


Subfoundation engineering in antiquity


Artemision of Ephesus, VI c. B.C. (after Bammer 1990)

Paestum, Athenaion, V c. B.C. (after

Pescatore e Viggiani) Heraion of Samos, VI c. B.C., (after Kienast 1991)



Acemhöyük (Central Anatolia) Middle Bronze Age, early 2nd millennium BC., the cushion of logs above a layer of limestone in the foundations (after Özgüç 1966)

Troy, fortification wall, 6th settlement, Middle Bronze Age (after Blegen 1950-58)



Massive foundations in alternate layers of loess and charcoal, Olbia on the Black Sea, Hellenistic age, III c. B.C. Temple of Zeus and Stoa (after Pharmakowsky 1929, Wasowicz 1975)

Thanks for your attention

[email protected]

International Workshop DISS_13 Dynamic interaction between Soil, Monuments and Built Environment

December 12th, 2013, Roma Tre University, Department of Architecture

Documents

Evaluation of the Health Status of the Coverings of Villa