Euthenics 11o2

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EUTHENICS 11O2

LEADERSHIP

THE PROMINENT LEADERS ANDHEROES OF THE PHILIPPINES

SUBMITTED BY:Bea Camille V. VillasBSA-I

SUBMITTED TO:Mrs. Arlene P. Carmona

THE PRESIDENTS OF THE REPUBLIC OF THEPHILIPPINES



(From the current to the first Philippine President)

Fourth Philippine Republic Presidents (Parliamentary Government)

Benigno "Noynoy" S. Aquino III15th President of the Republic of the Philippines Birthdate: February 8, 1960

Term: 2010 - PresentDescription: His father is Benigno ´Ninoyµ Aquino Jr. (ViceGovernor of Tarlac province) and Mother is FormerPresident Corazon Aquino. His siblings are 5 (Noynoy isthe third child and He has four sisters, Maria Elena("Ballsy "), Aurora Corazon ("Pinky "), Victoria Eliza ("Viel"),and Kristina Bernadette ("Kris"))

Fifth Philippine Republic Presidents (Under the new"People's Power" Constitution).

GLORIA MACAPAGAL ARROYO Fourth President of the Fifth Republic of the Philippinesand 14th Philippine PresidentBirthdate: April 5, 1947 Term: 2001 - June 2010Description: The daughter of the late President Diosdado

Macapagal. The second woman to be swept into the

Presidency by a peaceful People Power revolution (EDSA II).

JOSEPH EJERCITO ESTRADA

Third President of the Fifth Republic of thePhilippines

Birthdate: April 19,1937 Term: 1998 - 2001Filipino film actor and director, later politician. He

resigned after the impeachment trial against himcollapsed.

FIDEL VALDEZ RAMOS Second President of the Fifth Republic of the Philippines



Birthdate: March 18, 1928 Term: June 30, 1992 - June 30, 1998As head of the State his administration centerpiece program is the Philippines2000; which aim to uplift the Philippines as a newly industrialized country by

the year 2000.

CORAZON COJUANGCO AQUINO First President of the Fifth Republic of the Philippines and

the first woman president of the Philippines.Birthdate: January 25, 1933

Term: February 25, 1986- June 30, 1992Political leader and the First Woman President of thePhilippines. She succeeded her murdered husband,

Benigno "Ninoy " Aquino Jr.(a popular critic of the Marcosadministration), as leader of the opposition to PresidentFerdinand Marcos.

T he New Republic (Martial Law) FERDINAND EDRALIN MARCOS

Sixth and last President of the Third Republic of thePhilippines

Birthdate: September 11, 1917, Died- September 28, 1989 Term: December 30, 1965- December 30, 1973President of the Fourth Republic of the Philippines Term: June 30, 1981 - February 25,1986Philippine lawyer and politician who ruled by martial law

and was ousted by a peaceful People Power Revolution in1986.

T he T hird Philippine Republic Presidents

DIOSDADO MACAPAGAL Fifth President of the Third Republic of the Philippines

Term: December 30, 1961 - December 30, 1965Poet, politician, lawyer, diplomat, statesman, economist

and intellectual, Diosdado Macapagal was born to poverty but rose due to diligence and brilliance.



CARLOS POLESTICO GARCIA Fourth President of the Third Republic of the PhilippinesBirthdate: November 4, 1896, died- June 14, 1971 Term: March 18, 1957- December 30, 1961

Famous for his austerity program and policy. He

maintained the strong tradition ties with the United Statesand sought closer relation with non-communist Asiancountries.

RAMON MAGSAYSAY (Born- August 31, 1907, died- March 17, 1957)

Third President of the Third Republic of the Philippines( Term: December 30, 1953- March 17, 1957)Best known for successfully defeating the communist led

Hukbalahap (Huk) Movement. Idol of the masses,champion of democracy, and freedom fighter.

ELPIDIO QUIRINO

Second President, Third Republic of the PhilippinesBirthdate: November 16, 1890Died: February 28, 1956 Term: April 17, 1948- November 10, 1953

Political leader and second president of the IndependenceRepublic of the Philippines.

MANUEL ACUÑA ROXAS Birthdate: January 1, 1892, died- April 15, 1948Last President of the Commonwealth Term: May 28, 1946- July 4, 1946

First President of the Third Republic of the Philippines

Term: July 4, 1946- April 15, 1948Political leader and first president of the independence

republic of the Philippines.



T he Second Philippine Republic Presidents (Japanese Occupation)

JOSE LAUREL President of the Japanese Sponsored RepublicBirthdate: March 9, 1891, died- November 6, 1959

Term: October 14, 1943- August 15, 1945Became the President of the Philippines during the

Japanese occupation of World War II.

(Commonwealth of the Philippines Presidents- American Period)

SERGIO OSMEÑA

Second President of the CommonwealthBirthdate: September 9, 1878, died- October 19, 1961 Term: August 1, 1944- May 27, 1946

Filipino statesman, founder of the Nationalist Party (Partido Nacionalista) and President of the Philippines from1944 to 1946.

MANUEL LUIS QUEZON First President of the CommonwealthBirthdate: August 19, 1878, died- August 1, 1944

Term: November 15, 1935- August 1, 1944Filipino statesman, leader of the independence movement,and first president of the Philippine Commonwealth

established under United States tutelage in 1935.



First Philippine Republic President (Revolutionary Government/T he Philippines under Spanish colonization )

GENERAL EMILIO FAMY AGUINALDO

President of the First Philippine RepublicBirthdate: March 22, 1869, died- February 6, 1964 Term: 1898- 1901Filipino leader who fought first against Spain and lateragainst the United States for the Independence of thePhilippines.

The Philippine National Heroes

DR. JOSE PROTACIO RIZAL (1861-1896)

T he Philippines' national hero. Born in Calamba,

Laguna, on June 19, 1861. Published hismasterpiece Noli Me T angere in Berlin(Germany) in

1887 and his second novel El Filibusterismo in

Ghent(Belgium) in 1891. His two novels stirred theconscience of his people. He contributed variousliterary works to La Solidaridad . For his leadershipin the reform movement and for his incendiary

novels, Rizal was arrested and later killed by musketry in Bagumbayan, Manila, on December 30,

1896. His execution was the last straw for otherFilipinos who called for a bloody revolution againstSpain.



ANDRES BONIFACIO

(1863-1897)

H e founded the secret society, Katipunan, on July 7, 1892,

to fight Spain. He was also president of the Tagalog

republic from August 24, 1896 to May 10, 1897. Born in Tondo, Manila, on November 30, 1863. He grew up in theslums and never knew the benefits of a prosperous life. Hemarried Gregoria de Jesus in 1892. He was killed on May

10, 1897, near Mount Buntis, Maragondon, Cavite.

GENERAL GREGORIO DEL PILAR (1875-1899)

H ero of Tirad Pass. Born on November 14, 1875, in

Bulacan, Bulacan. Died on December 2, 1899, in the battleof Tirad Pass, to enable Aguinaldo to escape from theAmericans. One of the youngest and bravest generals everproduced by the Philippines.

APOLINARIO MABINI (1864-1903)

S ublime paralytic and the brain of the revolution. Born in Talaga, Tanauan, Batangas, on June 22, 1864. He joined

La Liga Filipina in 1892 and Aguinaldo's revolutionary government from June 1898 to May 1899. He was capturedby the American forces in December 1899 and deported to

Guam in January 1901. He died in Manila on May 13,1903.

FatherMarianoGomez(1799-1872)



Father JoseBurgos(1837-1872)

GOMBURZA

T hree intellectuals who crusaded for reform.

Killed by garrote in Bagumbayan, Manila onFebruary 17, 1872, for allegedly instigating

the Cavite mutiny.

FatherJacintoZamora

EMILIO JACINTO (1875-1899)

B rains of the Katipunan. Born in Trozo, Manila, on

December 15, 1875. He joined the Katipunan in 1894 andbecame Bonifacio's trusted friend and adviser. He wrote the

K artilya ng K atipunan , the primer of the Katipunan which

embodied the teachings of the organization. He foundedand edited the Katipunan newspaper, K alayaan , whose first

issue came out in January 1896. Died on April 16, 1899.He was one of the heroic figures in Philippine history.

GENERAL ANTONIO LUNA

(1866-1899)

T he greatest general of the revolution. Younger brother of Juan Luna, the famous painter. Editor of La Independencia ,whose first issue came out on September 3, 1898. Born inBinondo, Manila, on October 29, 1866. He was one of thepropagandists in Spain who were working for politicalreforms in the Philippines. He contributed articles to La Solidaridad . He was assassinated in Cabanatuan City, on

June 5, 1899.



MELCHORA AQUINO

(1812-1919)

B etter known as Tandang Sora. Born in Banlat, KalookanCity, on January 6, 1812. She helped the Katipunerosunder the leadership of Andres Bonifacio by providing themfood, shelter, and other material goods. She is recognizedas the Grand Woman of the revolution and the Mother of

Balintawak. She died on March 12, 1919.

GRACIANO LOPEZ JAENA

(1856-1896)

F ounder and first editor of the newspaper La Solidaridad ,which became the vehicle of expression for Filipino

propaganda in Spain. Together wtih Jose Rizal and MarceloH. Del Pilar, he undertook propaganda campaigns in Spain.Born in Jaro, Iloilo, on December 18, 1856. He died on January 20, 1896, in Barcelona, Spain.

FELIPE AGONCILLO (1859-1941)

O utstanding diplomat of the Philippine revolution. Born in Taal, Batangas, on May 26, 1859. Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo

appointed him as Minister Plenipotentiary to the peaceconference in Washington and Paris. Died on September

29, 1941, at the Manila Doctor's Hospital.



JUAN LUNA

(1857-1899)

A genius of the brush and a patriot of the highest order.

Creator of the world-famous painting, SPOLARIUM, which

was awarded the gold medal in the Exposicion Nacional deBellas Artes in Madrid in 1884. It is also known as thegreatest painting of all times. Born in Badoc, Ilocos, Norte,on October 23, 1857. He was closely associated with the

Reform Movement, together with Rizal, Lopez-Jaena, Ponce,etc. He died in Hongkong on December 7, 1899.

RAFAEL PALMA

(1874-1939)

O rator, statesman, scholar, educator, and writer. Born in

Tondo, Manila, on October 24, 1874. He was involved in thepropaganda campaign against the Spaniards. He cofoundedwith Gen. Antonio Luna the revolutionary newspaper, La Independencia . Later, he also founded El Nuevo Dia , Cebu'sfirst daily. Died in Manila on May 24, 1939.

MARCELO H. DEL PILAR (1850-1896)

P olitical analyst of the Filipino colony in Spain. Born inKupang, Bulacan, Bulacan, on August 30, 1850. In 1882,he founded the nationalistic newspaper, Diariong T agalog .In December 1889, he became the editor of La Solidaridad

and became the moving spirit behind the propagandamovement. Died on July 4, 1896.

PEDRO PATERNO

(1858-1911)

S tatesman, poet, writer, and peacemaker. Born in Manilaon February 27, 1858. He was the negotiator/mediator of the Pact of Biak-na-Bato. He helped prepare the Malolosconstitution. Died on April 26, 1911.



ARTEMIO RICARTE (1866-1945)

T he unconquerable hero of the revolution. Born in Batac,Ilocos Norte, on October 20, 1866. Known as Viborra, he

was a gentle public school teacher who became a dashingrevolutionary general. Died in the jungles of Sierra Madreon July 31, 1945.

ISABELO DE LOS REYES

(1864-1938)

L ast of the propagandists. Gifted son of Leona Florentino,first poetess of the Philippines. Born in Vigan, Ilocos Sur,on July 7, 1864. He aroused the hostility of the friars andgovernment officials when he openly criticized the evils of

the Spanish rule and he advocated reforms. He was thefounder of the first Philippine labor union, as well as thefirst independent Filipino Catholic church. Died on October9, 1938

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Euthenics 11o2