European Organisation for Technical Approvals · EUOPEAN TECHNICAL APPROVAL ETA -11/0481 Trade name: Hensotherm 410KS Holder of the approval: ... Translations in other languages have

Page 1 of 30

Warrington Certification Limited, Holmesfield Road, Warrington, WA1 2DS Tel. +44 (0) 1925-646777 Fax +44 (0) 1925-646667

Member of EOTA Authorised and notified according to Article 10 of the Council Directive 89/106/EEC of 21 December 1988 on the approximation of laws, regulations and administrative provisions of Member States relating to construction products.

European Organisation for Technical Approvals

EUOPEAN TECHNICAL APPROVAL ETA -11/0481

Trade name: Hensotherm 410KS

Holder of the approval: Rudolf Hensel GmbH Lauenburger Landstr 11, D-21039 Bornsen, Germany

Telefon : +49 40 72 10 62 12 Telefax : +49 40 72 10 62 52 Web : www.rudolf-hensel.de Generic type and use of construction product(s): Reactive Coating for the Fire Protection of

Structural Steel

Validity from: 01/05/2012

to: 01/05/2017

Manufacturing plant(s): Rudolf Hensel GmbH Lauenburger Landstr 11, D-21039 Bornsen, Germany

This European Technical Approval contains: 11 pages and 1 Annex, 30 pages in total.

European Organisation for Technical Approvals

http://www.rudolf-hensel.de/

Page 2 of 30

I LEGAL BASES AND GENERAL CONDITIONS 1 This European Technical Approval is issued by Warrington Certification Limited in

accordance with: The Council Directive (89/106/EEC)1 of 21 December 1988 on the approximation of laws, regulations and administrative provisions of Member States relating to construction products as amended by Council Directive 93/68/EEC of 22 July 19932.

UK implementation of CPD Statutory Instruments 1991, No 1620 Building and Buildings The Construction Products Regulations 1991- made 15 July 1991, laid before Parliament 22 July 1991, coming into force 27 December 1991, and amended by The Construction Products (Amendment) Regulations 1994 (Statutory Instruments 1994, No 3051).

Common Procedural Rules for Requesting, Preparing and the Granting of European Technical Approvals set out in the Annex to Commission Decision 94/23/EC3

European Technical Approval Guideline 018 Fire Protective Products Part 1:

General and Part 2: Reactive Coatings For Fire Protection of Steel Elements. 2 Warrington Certification Limited is authorised to check whether the provisions of

this European Technical Approval are met. Checking may take place in the manufacturing plant(s). Nevertheless, the responsibility for the conformity of the products with the European Technical Approval and for their fitness for their intended use remains with the holder of the European Technical Approval.

3 This European Technical Approval is not to be transferred to manufacturers or

agents of manufacturers other than those indicated on page 1, or manufacturing plants other than those indicated on page 1.

4 This European Technical Approval may be withdrawn by Warrington Certification

Limited pursuant to Article 5.1 of the Council Directive 89/106/EEC. 5 Reproduction of this European Technical Approval including transmission by

electronic means shall be in full. However, partial reproduction can be made with the written consent of Warrington Certification Limited. In this case partial reproduction has to be designated as such. Texts and drawings of advertising brochures shall not contradict or misuse the European Technical Approval.

6 The European Technical Approval is issued by the approval body in its official

language of English. This version should correspond fully to the version used by EOTA for circulation. Translations in other languages have to be designated as such.

1 Official Journal of the European Communities N° L40, 11 Feb 1989, p 12 2 Official Journal of the European Communities No L220, 30 Aug 1993, p 1. 3 Official Journal of the European Communities N° L17, 20 Jan 1994, p 34.

Page 3 of 30

II SPECIFIC CONDITIONS OF THE EUROPEAN TECHNICAL APPROVAL 1 Definition of product and intended use 1.1 General

Hensotherm 410KS is a spray or brush/roller applied intumescent paint formulated for the fire protection of structural steel elements installed in the following environmental conditions: Internal conditions – ETAG 018-2 Type Z2 Internal conditions with high humidity – ETAG 018-2 Type Z1

1.2 Intended Use

The intended use of Hensotherm 410KS is to fire protect various sizes of structural steel ‘H’ or ‘I’ beams and columns for up to a fire resistance classification of R120 and for design temperatures in the range of 350oC to 750oC.

1.3 Working life

The provisions made in this ETA are based on an assumed intended working life of the applied coating for the intended use of 10 years, provided that it is subject to appropriate use and maintenance. The indications given on the intended working life cannot be interpreted as a guarantee given by the producer, but are to be used as a means for selecting the appropriate product in relation to the expected economically reasonable working life of the works.

2 Characteristics of the product and methods of verification

The assessment of fitness for use has been made in accordance with ETAG 018-2.

ETAG Clause

No.

ETA Clause

No. Characteristic

Assessment of characteristic

5.1

Mechanical resistance and stability

Not relevant

5.2

2.1

Safety in case of fire

5.2.1 2.1.1 Resistance to fire

5.2.2 2.1.2 Reaction to fire

5.3 Hygiene, Health and the Environment

Page 4 of 30

5.3.2 2.2 - Release of dangerous substances

5.4 - Safety in use

Not relevant

5.5 - Protection against noise

Not relevant

5.6 - Energy, Economy and Heat Retention

Not relevant

5.7

2.3 Related aspects of serviceability

5.7.2.2

2.3.1 to 2.3.3

- Primer and top coat compatibility - Type Z1 Durability - Type Z2 Durability

5.7.3 and

Annex E 2.3.4 - Identification

2.1 Safety in case of fire

2.1.1 Resistance to Fire

The resistance to fire performance according to EN 13501-2 determined in accordance with test principles defined in EN 13381-8: 2010 including Annex A (slow heating curve). The test data was analysed adopting the graphical method defined in Annex E of EN 13381-8: 2010. Annex A summarises the results of the analysis.

In accordance with ETAG 018-2 (foreword), Hensotherm 410KS may be considered as a reactive coating kit that includes one or more primers and/or topcoats (Option 2). Until the withdrawal of relevant national test and classification standards, CE Marking will cover a finite number of variations in coating thickness subjected to a fire resistance assessment. As time progresses, the performance declaration for fire resistance covered by CE Marking may change and the ETA holder may incorporate the changes in this ETA by amendment or revision.

Page 5 of 30

In the meantime, and taking into account the transitional arrangements for test and classification standards and the corresponding national legislation (see EC Guidance paper J), the ETA holder shall be permitted to maintain and be able to use - on a national basis – the test data for this characteristic, based on relevant national standards, next to the performance declaration covered by the CE Marking based on this ETA.

2.1.2 Reaction to Fire

The fire protection coating in conjunction with the Hensogrund 1966E, Hensogrund 2K and Hensogrund AQ primers and Hensotop 84 and Hensotop 84 AQ topcoats has a performance determined for a reaction to fire classification in accordance with EN 13501-1 of Class E.

2.2 Dangerous substances

According to the manufacturer’s declaration, the product specification has been compared with Annex XVII of REACH and the ECHA Candidate List of Substances of Very High Concern to verify that that it does not contain such substances.

2.3 Related Aspects of Serviceability 2.3.1 Hensotherm 410KS has been assessed as being compatible, in accordance with the

test procedures defined in ETAG 018-2 Clause 5.7.2.1 with the following primers and topcoats:

Primers

Name Type

Hensogrund 1966E Alkyd resin, solvent based

Hensogrund 2K Two component epoxy resin, solvent based

Hensgrund AQ Water-based acrylic

Top Coats

Name Type

Hensotop 84 Acrylic Resin solvent based

Hensotop 84 AQ Acrylic resin water based

The Hensogrund 2K and Hensogrund AQ systems have been tested in accordance with the test procedures defined in ETAG 018-2 Clause 5.7.2.1 on galvanised steel substrates steel substrates and passed the performance requirements for compatibility.

2.3.2 HENSOTHERM 410KS has been assessed as having passed the requirements for use in internal conditions with high humidity defined in ETAG 018-2 for Type Z1 environmental conditions and can be used with and without the following top coats:

Page 6 of 30

Top Coats

Name Type

Hensotop 84 Acrylic Resin solvent based

Hensotop 84 AQ Acrylic resin water based

2.3.3 On the basis of passing the Type Z1 requirements HENSOTHERM 410KS has been

assessed as having also passed the requirements for internal use defined in ETAG 018-2 for Type Z2 environmental conditions and can be used with and without the above top coats.

2.3.4 Hensotherm 410KS has been identified in accordance with the methods of

identification defined in ETAG 018-2 Table 5.3. Each product container is identified with the name Hensotherm 410KS and is CE marked.

3 Evaluation of Conformity and CE marking 3.1 Attestation of Conformity system

The system of attestation of conformity specified by the European Commission Decision 99/454/EC for fire protective products is system 1 and is detailed as follows: Certification of the conformity of the product by an approved certification body on the basis of: (a) Tasks for the manufacturer

-factory production control

-testing of samples taken at the factory in accordance with a prescribed test plan

(b) Tasks for the Notified body

- initial type-testing of the product;

- initial inspection of factory and of factory production control – continuous surveillance, assessment and approval of factory production control

Page 7 of 30

3.2 Responsibilities 3.2.1 Tasks for the Manufacturer - 3.2.1.1 Factory production control

The manufacturer of Hensotherm 410KS covered by this European Technical

Approval shall document, operate and maintain an adequate factory production control system to enable the achievement of the required product characteristics, hence conformity of the product to this ETA, and the effective operation of the production control system to be checked.

The manufacturer shall draw up and keep up-to-date documents defining the factory production control that applies. The manufacturer’s documentation and procedures shall be appropriate to the product and manufacturing process. The factory production control system shall achieve an appropriate level of confidence in the conformity of the product. This involves:

a) the preparation of documented procedures and instructions relating to factory production control operations ;

b) the effective implementation of these procedures and instructions.

c) the recording of these procedures and their results.

d) the use of these results to correct any deviations, repair the effects of such deviations, treat any resulting instances of non-conformity and, if necessary, revise the factory production control to rectify the cause of non-conformity.

e) a procedure to ensure that both the Notified Body and the Certification Body are advised before any significant change to the product, its components or manufacturing process, is made.

f) a procedure to ensure that personnel involved in the production processes and the quality control procedures are qualified and adequately trained to carry out their required tasks.

g) that all testing and measuring equipment is maintained and up to date calibration records are documented.

h) maintenance of records to ensure every container of coating material produced is clearly labelled with the batch number, which allows traceability to its production to be identified.

Page 8 of 30

3.2.1.2 Other tasks for the manufacturer The following tables derived from ETAG 018-2 specify properties that should be controlled and minimum frequencies of control. The test method and threshold have been laid down in the factory production control plan.

Reactive Coating

Property Property

Paragraph (ETAG) Threshold

Minimum frequency of

tests

Char depth Annex G or similar Manufacturer’s

declaration, minimum value

Every batch

Insulating efficiency

Annex A or alternative(1)

Manufacturer’s declaration (2)

Every 10th batch or at least once

per month

Sag resistance

Manufacturer’s

declaration Every batch

Viscosity EN ISO 3219 Every batch

Raw materials(3)

Check specification Every delivery

Pigment dispersion

EN ISO 3219 Every batch

Non- volatile content

ISO 3251 Every batch

According Table 8.1 of ETAG 018-2

(1) agreed with Approvals bodies and manufacturer. (2)

if result of char depth is not sufficient an insulating efficiency test

should be carried out. (3)

check test results according to specification.

Page 9 of 30

Primer HENSOGRUND 1966E

Property Property



tests

Raw materials(1) Check specification Every delivery


Non-volatile content


Pigment content colour

Every batch

Fineness Every batch According Table 8.1 of ETAG 018-2 (1)


Top Coat HENSOTOP 84 / HENSOTOP 84 AQ

Property Property



tests

Raw materials(1) Check specification Every delivery


Non-volatile content


Pigment content colour

Every batch

According Table 8.1 of ETAG 018-2 (1)


3.2.2 Tasks of Notified Bodies 3.2.2.1. Initial type testing

The approval tests have been conducted on behalf the notified body in accordance ETAG 018, Parts 1 or 2, as relevant, and the notified ETA issuing body has assessed the results of these tests in accordance with the ETAG, as part of the ETA issuing procedure. These tests shall be used by the certification body for Certificate of Conformity purposes.

3.2.2.2. Assessment of the factory production control system - initial inspection

and continuous surveillance

Assessment of the factory production control system is the responsibility of the ETA issuing body. An initial inspection shall be carried out of the production unit specified in this ETA to demonstrate that the factory production control is in conformity with the ETA.

Page 10 of 30

Subsequently continuous surveillance of factory production control is necessary to ensure continuing conformity with the ETA. It is recommended that surveillance inspections be conducted at least twice a year. The results of certification of conformity and of the continuous surveillance shall be made available to Warrington Certification Limited. Where the provisions of the ETA are no longer fulfilled, the certificate of conformity shall be withdrawn by the certification body.

3.3 CE marking

The CE conformity marking symbol consists exclusively of the letters “CE” in accordance with Directive 93/68/EEC. NOTE: The manufacturer, or his authorised representative established in the EEA, is responsible for the affixing of the CE marking symbol. The CE marking symbol shall be accompanied by the following information: a) Identification number of the ETA issuing body;

b) The name or identifying mark of the producer;

c) Registered address of the producer;

d) The last two digits of the year in which the marking was first applied;

e) The number of the ETA;

f) Reference to ETAG 018, Parts 1 and 2;

g) Indication of intended use;

The CE marking symbol and items a) to g) above shall accompany the product and shall be included with the application instructions.

Additionally, at least the CE marking symbol and item a) of all this information shall be affixed to the supply containers and optionally on its packaging.

4. ASSUMPTIONS UNDER WHICH THE FITNESS FOR USE OF THE PRODUCT FOR THE INTENDED USE WILL BE ASSESSED

4.1 Manufacturing, transport and storage Hensotherm 410KS is manufactured in accordance with the provisions of the ETA

using the manufacturing process as identified during the inspection of the factory by Warrington Certification Limited and the approved body and laid down in the technical documentation.

It is assumed that the manufacture of Hensotherm 410KS fulfils the criteria for stable industrial production. The samples taken in connection with the evaluation of properties shall be representative of the whole production.

Page 11 of 30

4.2 Application The ETA is issued under the assumption that the application of Hensotherm 410KS

shall be in accordance with the manufacturer’s technical literature. 4.3 Maintenance and repair The assessment of the fitness for use is based on the assumption that necessary

maintenance and repair if required is carried out in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions during the assumed intended working life.

Page 12 of 30

ANNEX A - Product Performance: Fire Resistance 1 This Annex relates to the use of Hensotherm 410KS for the fire protection of

‘H’ or ‘I’ shaped beams and columns. The precise scope is given in Tables 1-16 which show the total dry film thickness of Hensotherm 410KS (excluding primer and top coat) required to provide classifications of R15 to R120 for various design temperatures and section factors.

2. The product is approved on the basis of: i) Approval testing in accordance with the principles of EN 13381-8:2010.

ii) A design appraisal against this ETA adopting the graphical analysis defined in Annex E of EN 13381-8:2010.

3. The data presented in the tables in this Annex refers to both beams (three-sided fire

exposure) and columns (four sided exposure). 4. The data shown is applicable to steel sections blast cleaned to ISO 8501-1 SA21/2 or

equivalent and primed with the compatible primers and top coats listed in this ETA. Based on the test data the total dry film thickness of primer and top coat together should not exceed 0.20 mm.

5. The data for the ‘H’ and ‘I’ shaped columns applies also to other shaped steel

sections that have re-entrant details such as channels, angles and tees. 6. Hensotherm 410KS has been exposed to the slowing heating regime defined in

Annex A of EN 13381-8: 2010 and has satisfied the requirements.

Page 13 of 30

Tables of Results

Section

Factor up

to m -1

350°C 400°C 450°C 500°C 550°C 600°C 650°C 700°C 750°C

60 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

65 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

70 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

75 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

80 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

85 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

90 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

95 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

100 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

105 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

110 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

115 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

120 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

125 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

130 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

135 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

140 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

145 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

150 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

155 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

160 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

165 0.247 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

170 0.254 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

175 0.262 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

180 0.269 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

185 0.277 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

190 0.285 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

195 0.292 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

200 0.300 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

205 0.307 0.251 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

210 0.315 0.259 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

215 0.322 0.266 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

220 0.330 0.274 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

225 0.337 0.282 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

230 0.345 0.289 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

235 0.352 0.297 0.250 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

240 0.360 0.305 0.258 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

245 0.367 0.312 0.266 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

250 0.375 0.320 0.274 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

255 0.382 0.328 0.282 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

260 0.390 0.335 0.290 0.248 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

265 0.397 0.343 0.298 0.257 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

270 0.405 0.351 0.306 0.266 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

275 0.412 0.358 0.314 0.274 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

280 0.420 0.366 0.323 0.283 0.245 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

285 0.427 0.374 0.331 0.292 0.254 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

290 0.435 0.381 0.339 0.300 0.263 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

295 0.442 0.389 0.347 0.309 0.273 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

300 0.450 0.397 0.355 0.318 0.282 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

305 0.457 0.404 0.363 0.326 0.292 0.252 0.243 0.243 0.243

310 0.465 0.412 0.371 0.335 0.301 0.263 0.243 0.243 0.243

315 0.472 0.420 0.379 0.344 0.310 0.273 0.243 0.243 0.243

320 0.480 0.427 0.387 0.352 0.320 0.283 0.243 0.243 0.243

325 0.487 0.435 0.395 0.361 0.329 0.294 0.243 0.243 0.243

330 0.495 0.443 0.403 0.370 0.339 0.304 0.243 0.243 0.243

335 0.518 0.450 0.411 0.378 0.348 0.315 0.276 0.243 0.243

340 0.551 0.458 0.419 0.387 0.357 0.325 0.287 0.243 0.243

Thickness (mm) Required for a Design Temperature of

Table 1: I-Section Beams 15 Minutes

Thickness is intumescent only.

Page 14 of 30

Section

Factor up

to m -1

350°C 400°C 450°C 500°C 550°C 600°C 650°C 700°C 750°C

60 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

65 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

70 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

75 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

80 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

85 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

90 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

95 0.246 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

100 0.257 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

105 0.269 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

110 0.280 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

115 0.292 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

120 0.303 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

125 0.315 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

130 0.327 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

135 0.338 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

140 0.350 0.248 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

145 0.361 0.255 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

150 0.373 0.261 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

155 0.385 0.268 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

160 0.396 0.275 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

165 0.408 0.282 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

170 0.419 0.289 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

175 0.431 0.296 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

180 0.442 0.302 0.244 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

185 0.454 0.309 0.252 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

190 0.466 0.316 0.259 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

195 0.477 0.323 0.267 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

200 0.489 0.330 0.274 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

205 0.500 0.337 0.281 0.245 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

210 0.510 0.343 0.289 0.252 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

215 0.520 0.350 0.296 0.260 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

220 0.530 0.357 0.304 0.268 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

225 0.541 0.364 0.311 0.276 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

230 0.551 0.371 0.319 0.283 0.248 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

235 0.561 0.378 0.326 0.291 0.256 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

240 0.571 0.385 0.334 0.299 0.264 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

245 0.581 0.391 0.341 0.307 0.273 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

250 0.591 0.398 0.349 0.315 0.281 0.244 0.243 0.243 0.243

255 0.601 0.405 0.356 0.322 0.289 0.253 0.243 0.243 0.243

260 0.611 0.412 0.364 0.330 0.297 0.262 0.243 0.243 0.243

265 0.622 0.419 0.371 0.338 0.306 0.271 0.243 0.243 0.243

270 0.632 0.426 0.379 0.346 0.314 0.280 0.243 0.243 0.243

275 0.642 0.432 0.386 0.353 0.322 0.289 0.250 0.243 0.243

280 0.652 0.439 0.393 0.361 0.330 0.298 0.259 0.243 0.243

285 0.662 0.446 0.401 0.369 0.338 0.306 0.269 0.243 0.243

290 0.672 0.453 0.408 0.377 0.347 0.315 0.279 0.243 0.243

295 0.682 0.460 0.416 0.385 0.355 0.324 0.288 0.252 0.243

300 0.692 0.467 0.423 0.392 0.363 0.333 0.298 0.263 0.243

305 0.702 0.473 0.431 0.400 0.371 0.342 0.308 0.273 0.243

310 0.713 0.480 0.438 0.408 0.380 0.351 0.317 0.284 0.248

315 0.723 0.487 0.446 0.416 0.388 0.360 0.327 0.294 0.260

320 0.733 0.494 0.453 0.423 0.396 0.369 0.336 0.305 0.271

325 0.743 0.512 0.461 0.431 0.404 0.377 0.346 0.315 0.282

330 0.785 0.546 0.468 0.439 0.412 0.386 0.356 0.326 0.294

335 0.835 0.580 0.476 0.447 0.421 0.395 0.365 0.336 0.305

340 0.885 0.615 0.483 0.454 0.429 0.404 0.375 0.347 0.316




Page 15 of 30

Section

Factor up

to m -1

350°C 400°C 450°C 500°C 550°C 600°C 650°C 700°C 750°C

60 0.297 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

65 0.329 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

70 0.360 0.251 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

75 0.391 0.271 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

80 0.423 0.291 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

85 0.454 0.312 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

90 0.485 0.332 0.254 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

95 0.513 0.352 0.264 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

100 0.537 0.372 0.275 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

105 0.561 0.393 0.286 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

110 0.585 0.413 0.297 0.245 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

115 0.609 0.433 0.308 0.251 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

120 0.634 0.453 0.319 0.257 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

125 0.658 0.474 0.330 0.264 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

130 0.682 0.494 0.341 0.270 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

135 0.706 0.506 0.352 0.276 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

140 0.730 0.516 0.363 0.282 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

145 0.751 0.526 0.374 0.288 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

150 0.765 0.536 0.385 0.295 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

155 0.780 0.547 0.395 0.301 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

160 0.794 0.557 0.406 0.307 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

165 0.809 0.567 0.417 0.313 0.245 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

170 0.823 0.577 0.428 0.320 0.253 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

175 0.838 0.587 0.439 0.326 0.260 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

180 0.852 0.597 0.450 0.332 0.268 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

185 0.867 0.607 0.461 0.338 0.276 0.246 0.243 0.243 0.243

190 0.881 0.617 0.472 0.345 0.283 0.254 0.243 0.243 0.243

195 0.896 0.628 0.483 0.351 0.291 0.261 0.243 0.243 0.243

200 0.910 0.638 0.494 0.357 0.298 0.269 0.243 0.243 0.243

205 0.925 0.648 0.504 0.363 0.306 0.277 0.243 0.243 0.243

210 0.939 0.658 0.514 0.370 0.314 0.285 0.243 0.243 0.243

215 0.954 0.668 0.523 0.376 0.321 0.293 0.259 0.243 0.243

220 0.968 0.678 0.533 0.382 0.329 0.301 0.268 0.243 0.243

225 0.983 0.688 0.543 0.388 0.337 0.309 0.276 0.243 0.243

230 0.997 0.698 0.553 0.394 0.344 0.317 0.284 0.251 0.243

235 1.012 0.709 0.563 0.401 0.352 0.325 0.293 0.260 0.243

240 1.026 0.719 0.572 0.407 0.359 0.333 0.301 0.269 0.243

245 1.041 0.729 0.582 0.413 0.367 0.341 0.309 0.278 0.247

250 1.055 0.739 0.592 0.419 0.375 0.349 0.318 0.287 0.256

255 1.070 0.756 0.602 0.426 0.382 0.357 0.326 0.296 0.265

260 1.084 0.782 0.612 0.432 0.390 0.365 0.334 0.305 0.275

265 1.099 0.808 0.622 0.438 0.397 0.373 0.343 0.314 0.284

270 1.114 0.834 0.631 0.444 0.405 0.381 0.351 0.322 0.294

275 1.128 0.861 0.641 0.451 0.413 0.388 0.359 0.331 0.303

280 1.143 0.887 0.651 0.457 0.420 0.396 0.368 0.340 0.312

285 1.157 0.913 0.661 0.463 0.428 0.404 0.376 0.349 0.322

290 1.172 0.940 0.671 0.469 0.436 0.412 0.385 0.358 0.331

295 1.186 0.966 0.680 0.476 0.443 0.420 0.393 0.367 0.340

300 1.201 0.992 0.690 0.482 0.451 0.428 0.401 0.376 0.350

305 1.215 1.018 0.700 0.488 0.458 0.436 0.410 0.385 0.359

310 1.230 1.045 0.710 0.494 0.466 0.444 0.418 0.393 0.369

315 1.244 1.071 0.720 0.512 0.474 0.452 0.426 0.402 0.378

320 1.259 1.097 0.729 0.546 0.481 0.460 0.435 0.411 0.387

325 1.273 1.124 0.739 0.580 0.489 0.468 0.443 0.420 0.397

330 1.377 1.150 0.768 0.615 0.496 0.476 0.451 0.429 0.406

335 1.503 1.176 0.824 0.649 0.527 0.484 0.460 0.438 0.415

340 1.629 1.202 0.881 0.683 0.563 0.492 0.468 0.447 0.425




Page 16 of 30

Section

Factor up

to m -1

350°C 400°C 450°C 500°C 550°C 600°C 650°C 700°C 750°C

60 0.752 0.472 0.357 0.482 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

65 0.752 0.505 0.390 0.482 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

70 0.752 0.537 0.424 0.482 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

75 0.794 0.570 0.458 0.482 0.263 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

80 0.836 0.602 0.491 0.482 0.283 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

85 0.878 0.635 0.513 0.482 0.304 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.243

90 0.921 0.667 0.533 0.482 0.325 0.248 0.243 0.243 0.243

95 0.963 0.700 0.552 0.482 0.345 0.262 0.243 0.243 0.243

100 1.005 0.732 0.571 0.494 0.366 0.277 0.243 0.243 0.243

105 1.048 0.756 0.591 0.505 0.387 0.291 0.243 0.243 0.243

110 1.090 0.775 0.610 0.516 0.407 0.306 0.243 0.243 0.243

115 1.132 0.794 0.629 0.527 0.428 0.320 0.243 0.243 0.243

120 1.175 0.813 0.649 0.538 0.448 0.335 0.248 0.243 0.243

125 1.217 0.832 0.668 0.549 0.469 0.350 0.256 0.243 0.243

130 1.259 0.850 0.687 0.560 0.490 0.364 0.264 0.243 0.243

135 1.291 0.869 0.706 0.571 0.502 0.379 0.273 0.243 0.243

140 1.317 0.888 0.726 0.583 0.509 0.393 0.281 0.243 0.243

145 1.342 0.907 0.745 0.594 0.516 0.408 0.289 0.243 0.243

150 1.368 0.926 0.760 0.605 0.522 0.422 0.297 0.243 0.243

155 1.393 0.945 0.774 0.616 0.529 0.437 0.306 0.243 0.243

160 1.418 0.963 0.789 0.627 0.536 0.451 0.314 0.243 0.243

165 1.444 0.982 0.804 0.638 0.543 0.466 0.322 0.243 0.243

170 1.469 1.001 0.818 0.649 0.550 0.481 0.330 0.247 0.243

175 1.495 1.020 0.833 0.660 0.556 0.495 0.338 0.256 0.243

180 1.520 1.039 0.848 0.672 0.563 0.504 0.347 0.264 0.243

185 1.546 1.058 0.862 0.683 0.570 0.512 0.355 0.273 0.245

190 1.571 1.076 0.877 0.694 0.577 0.520 0.363 0.281 0.254

195 1.596 1.095 0.892 0.705 0.584 0.528 0.371 0.289 0.262

200 1.622 1.114 0.906 0.716 0.590 0.536 0.380 0.298 0.271

205 1.647 1.133 0.921 0.727 0.597 0.544 0.388 0.306 0.280

210 1.673 1.152 0.936 0.738 0.604 0.552 0.396 0.315 0.288

215 1.698 1.171 0.950 0.753 0.611 0.560 0.404 0.323 0.297

220 1.724 1.189 0.965 0.773 0.617 0.568 0.412 0.332 0.306

225 1.749 1.208 0.980 0.793 0.624 0.576 0.421 0.340 0.314

230 1.774 1.227 0.994 0.813 0.631 0.584 0.429 0.348 0.323

235 1.800 1.246 1.009 0.834 0.638 0.592 0.437 0.357 0.332

240 1.825 1.265 1.024 0.854 0.645 0.600 0.445 0.365 0.340

245 1.851 1.289 1.038 0.874 0.651 0.608 0.454 0.374 0.349

250 1.322 1.053 0.894 0.658 0.616 0.462 0.382 0.358

255 1.355 1.068 0.914 0.665 0.624 0.470 0.390 0.366

260 1.388 1.082 0.934 0.672 0.632 0.478 0.399 0.375

265 1.421 1.097 0.954 0.679 0.640 0.486 0.407 0.384

270 1.455 1.112 0.974 0.685 0.648 0.495 0.416 0.392

275 1.488 1.126 0.994 0.692 0.656 0.508 0.424 0.401

280 1.521 1.141 1.015 0.699 0.664 0.525 0.432 0.410

285 1.554 1.156 1.035 0.706 0.672 0.541 0.441 0.418

290 1.587 1.170 1.055 0.712 0.680 0.558 0.449 0.427

295 1.620 1.185 1.075 0.719 0.688 0.575 0.458 0.436

300 1.653 1.200 1.095 0.726 0.696 0.591 0.466 0.444

305 1.686 1.214 1.115 0.733 0.704 0.608 0.474 0.453

310 1.719 1.229 1.135 0.740 0.712 0.625 0.483 0.462

315 1.752 1.244 1.155 0.757 0.720 0.642 0.491 0.470

320 1.785 1.258 1.175 0.816 0.727 0.658 0.504 0.479

325 1.818 1.273 1.196 0.875 0.735 0.675 0.535 0.488

330 1.851 1.394 1.216 0.934 0.743 0.692 0.566 0.496

335 1.541 1.236 0.993 0.799 0.708 0.597 0.523

340 1.687 1.256 1.052 0.868 0.725 0.628 0.555




Page 17 of 30

Section

Factor up

to m -1

350°C 400°C 450°C 500°C 550°C 600°C 650°C 700°C 750°C

60 1.130 0.796 0.590 0.507 0.408 0.498 0.243 0.243 0.243

65 1.130 0.796 0.622 0.531 0.453 0.498 0.243 0.243 0.243

70 1.203 0.849 0.654 0.555 0.498 0.498 0.258 0.243 0.243

75 1.276 0.903 0.687 0.580 0.515 0.498 0.290 0.243 0.243

80 1.349 0.956 0.719 0.604 0.532 0.498 0.321 0.243 0.243

85 1.009 0.751 0.628 0.549 0.498 0.353 0.243 0.243

90 1.063 0.780 0.653 0.567 0.509 0.385 0.257 0.243

95 1.116 0.810 0.677 0.584 0.521 0.416 0.280 0.243

100 1.169 0.839 0.701 0.601 0.532 0.448 0.303 0.243

105 1.223 0.869 0.726 0.618 0.544 0.479 0.325 0.243

110 1.276 0.898 0.748 0.635 0.555 0.501 0.348 0.243

115 1.305 0.928 0.761 0.652 0.567 0.507 0.371 0.249

120 1.334 0.957 0.775 0.670 0.578 0.514 0.394 0.265

125 1.362 0.987 0.788 0.687 0.589 0.520 0.416 0.280

130 1.391 1.016 0.802 0.704 0.601 0.526 0.439 0.296

135 1.420 1.046 0.815 0.721 0.612 0.533 0.462 0.312

140 1.449 1.075 0.829 0.738 0.624 0.539 0.484 0.328

145 1.477 1.105 0.843 0.754 0.635 0.546 0.501 0.344

150 1.506 1.134 0.856 0.768 0.647 0.552 0.508 0.359

155 1.535 1.164 0.870 0.783 0.658 0.559 0.514 0.375

160 1.564 1.193 0.883 0.797 0.670 0.565 0.521 0.391

165 1.592 1.223 0.897 0.812 0.681 0.572 0.528 0.407

170 1.621 1.252 0.910 0.826 0.692 0.578 0.535 0.422

175 1.650 1.280 0.924 0.841 0.704 0.585 0.541 0.438

180 1.679 1.301 0.937 0.855 0.715 0.591 0.548 0.454

185 1.707 1.321 0.951 0.870 0.727 0.598 0.555 0.470

190 1.736 1.342 0.964 0.884 0.738 0.604 0.562 0.485

195 1.765 1.363 0.978 0.899 0.752 0.611 0.569 0.500

200 1.794 1.383 0.992 0.913 0.771 0.617 0.575 0.508

205 1.822 1.404 1.005 0.928 0.789 0.623 0.582 0.517

210 1.851 1.425 1.019 0.942 0.808 0.630 0.589 0.525

215 1.445 1.032 0.957 0.826 0.636 0.596 0.534

220 1.466 1.046 0.971 0.845 0.643 0.603 0.543

225 1.487 1.059 0.986 0.863 0.649 0.609 0.551

230 1.507 1.073 1.000 0.881 0.656 0.616 0.560

235 1.528 1.086 1.015 0.900 0.662 0.623 0.568

240 1.549 1.100 1.029 0.918 0.669 0.630 0.577

245 1.569 1.113 1.044 0.937 0.675 0.636 0.585

250 1.590 1.127 1.058 0.955 0.682 0.643 0.594

255 1.611 1.141 1.073 0.974 0.688 0.650 0.603

260 1.631 1.154 1.087 0.992 0.695 0.657 0.611

265 1.652 1.168 1.102 1.011 0.701 0.664 0.620

270 1.673 1.181 1.116 1.029 0.707 0.670 0.628

275 1.693 1.195 1.131 1.047 0.714 0.677 0.637

280 1.714 1.208 1.145 1.066 0.720 0.684 0.646

285 1.735 1.222 1.160 1.084 0.727 0.691 0.654

290 1.755 1.235 1.174 1.103 0.733 0.698 0.663

295 1.776 1.249 1.189 1.121 0.740 0.704 0.671

300 1.797 1.262 1.203 1.140 0.756 0.711 0.680

305 1.817 1.276 1.218 1.158 0.809 0.718 0.688

310 1.838 1.402 1.232 1.176 0.862 0.725 0.697

315 1.859 1.528 1.247 1.195 0.915 0.731 0.706

320 1.654 1.261 1.213 0.968 0.738 0.714

325 1.780 1.276 1.232 1.021 0.745 0.723

330 1.452 1.250 1.074 0.821 0.731

335 1.629 1.269 1.127 0.897 0.740

340 1.805 1.389 1.180 0.973 0.779




Page 18 of 30

Section

Factor up

to m -1

350°C 400°C 450°C 500°C 550°C 600°C 650°C 700°C 750°C

60 1.072 0.926 0.716 0.595 0.532 0.476 0.479 0.243

65 1.166 0.926 0.716 0.620 0.553 0.492 0.479 0.243

70 1.259 0.926 0.716 0.645 0.574 0.508 0.479 0.243

75 1.353 0.986 0.756 0.670 0.595 0.523 0.479 0.278

80 1.047 0.797 0.695 0.616 0.539 0.489 0.315

85 1.107 0.837 0.720 0.636 0.555 0.500 0.352

90 1.167 0.878 0.745 0.657 0.571 0.511 0.388

95 1.228 0.919 0.769 0.678 0.587 0.521 0.425

100 1.283 0.959 0.793 0.699 0.603 0.532 0.461

105 1.315 1.000 0.817 0.720 0.618 0.543 0.498

110 1.348 1.040 0.841 0.741 0.634 0.553 0.504

115 1.380 1.081 0.865 0.756 0.650 0.564 0.511

120 1.413 1.122 0.889 0.769 0.666 0.575 0.517

125 1.446 1.162 0.912 0.782 0.682 0.585 0.524

130 1.478 1.203 0.936 0.796 0.698 0.596 0.530

135 1.511 1.244 0.960 0.809 0.713 0.607 0.537

140 1.544 1.281 0.984 0.822 0.729 0.617 0.543

145 1.576 1.306 1.008 0.836 0.745 0.628 0.549

150 1.609 1.331 1.032 0.849 0.760 0.639 0.556

155 1.642 1.357 1.056 0.862 0.775 0.649 0.562

160 1.674 1.382 1.080 0.876 0.790 0.660 0.569

165 1.707 1.407 1.104 0.889 0.805 0.670 0.575

170 1.740 1.432 1.128 0.902 0.820 0.681 0.582

175 1.772 1.457 1.152 0.916 0.834 0.692 0.588

180 1.805 1.483 1.176 0.929 0.849 0.702 0.594

185 1.838 1.508 1.199 0.942 0.864 0.713 0.601

190 1.870 1.533 1.223 0.956 0.879 0.724 0.607

195 1.558 1.247 0.969 0.894 0.734 0.614

200 1.583 1.271 0.982 0.909 0.745 0.620

205 1.609 1.295 0.996 0.924 0.765 0.627

210 1.634 1.319 1.009 0.939 0.784 0.633

215 1.659 1.342 1.023 0.954 0.804 0.640

220 1.684 1.366 1.036 0.969 0.824 0.646

225 1.709 1.389 1.049 0.984 0.843 0.652

230 1.734 1.413 1.063 0.999 0.863 0.659

235 1.760 1.437 1.076 1.013 0.883 0.665

240 1.785 1.460 1.089 1.028 0.902 0.672

245 1.810 1.484 1.103 1.043 0.922 0.678

250 1.835 1.507 1.116 1.058 0.942 0.685

255 1.860 1.531 1.129 1.073 0.961 0.691

260 1.555 1.143 1.088 0.981 0.697

265 1.578 1.156 1.103 1.001 0.704

270 1.602 1.169 1.118 1.020 0.710

275 1.626 1.183 1.133 1.040 0.717

280 1.649 1.196 1.148 1.060 0.723

285 1.673 1.209 1.163 1.079 0.730

290 1.696 1.223 1.178 1.099 0.736

295 1.720 1.236 1.192 1.119 0.742

300 1.744 1.249 1.207 1.138 0.779

305 1.767 1.263 1.222 1.158 0.835

310 1.791 1.276 1.237 1.178 0.892

315 1.814 1.452 1.252 1.197 0.948

320 1.838 1.629 1.267 1.217 1.005

325 1.862 1.805 1.357 1.237 1.061

330 1.561 1.256 1.118

335 1.764 1.276 1.174

340 1.479 1.231




Page 19 of 30

Section

Factor up

to m -1

350°C 400°C 450°C 500°C 550°C 600°C 650°C 700°C 750°C

60 1.276 0.869 0.766 0.699 0.606 0.509 0.367

65 1.276 0.939 0.766 0.699 0.606 0.529 0.422

70 1.009 0.816 0.699 0.628 0.549 0.476

75 1.079 0.866 0.729 0.651 0.568 0.507

80 1.150 0.916 0.759 0.673 0.588 0.522

85 1.220 0.966 0.795 0.696 0.608 0.537

90 1.283 1.016 0.830 0.718 0.627 0.552

95 1.318 1.066 0.865 0.741 0.647 0.566

100 1.354 1.116 0.901 0.762 0.666 0.581

105 1.389 1.166 0.936 0.784 0.686 0.596

110 1.424 1.216 0.972 0.806 0.706 0.611

115 1.459 1.266 1.007 0.828 0.725 0.626

120 1.495 1.299 1.042 0.849 0.745 0.641

125 1.530 1.328 1.078 0.871 0.759 0.656

130 1.565 1.357 1.113 0.893 0.773 0.671

135 1.600 1.385 1.149 0.915 0.786 0.685

140 1.636 1.414 1.184 0.937 0.800 0.700

145 1.671 1.443 1.219 0.958 0.814 0.715

150 1.706 1.472 1.255 0.980 0.828 0.730

155 1.742 1.500 1.286 1.002 0.841 0.745

160 1.777 1.529 1.310 1.024 0.855 0.761

165 1.812 1.558 1.334 1.045 0.869 0.777

170 1.847 1.587 1.359 1.067 0.883 0.793

175 1.615 1.383 1.089 0.896 0.809

180 1.644 1.407 1.111 0.910 0.824

185 1.673 1.431 1.132 0.924 0.840

190 1.702 1.456 1.154 0.938 0.856

195 1.730 1.480 1.176 0.951 0.872

200 1.759 1.504 1.198 0.965 0.888

205 1.788 1.528 1.219 0.979 0.904

210 1.817 1.553 1.241 0.993 0.920

215 1.845 1.577 1.263 1.006 0.936

220 1.874 1.601 1.287 1.020 0.952

225 1.625 1.315 1.034 0.968

230 1.650 1.342 1.048 0.983

235 1.674 1.370 1.061 0.999

240 1.698 1.397 1.075 1.015

245 1.722 1.425 1.089 1.031

250 1.747 1.452 1.103 1.047

255 1.771 1.480 1.116 1.063

260 1.795 1.507 1.130 1.079

265 1.820 1.535 1.144 1.095

270 1.844 1.563 1.158 1.111

275 1.868 1.590 1.171 1.127

280 1.618 1.185 1.142

285 1.645 1.199 1.158

290 1.673 1.213 1.174

295 1.700 1.226 1.190

300 1.728 1.240 1.206

305 1.755 1.254 1.222

310 1.783 1.268 1.238

315 1.811 1.352 1.254

320 1.838 1.541 1.270

325 1.866 1.729 1.382

330 1.558

335 1.734

340




Page 20 of 30

Section

Factor up

to m -1

350°C 400°C 450°C 500°C 550°C 600°C 650°C 700°C 750°C

60 1.276 1.222 0.915 0.743 0.666 0.545

65 1.276 1.222 0.915 0.743 0.666 0.567

70 1.222 0.915 0.743 0.666 0.590

75 1.222 0.973 0.788 0.691 0.613

80 1.260 1.031 0.832 0.715 0.636

85 1.299 1.090 0.877 0.740 0.659

90 1.338 1.148 0.921 0.768 0.681

95 1.377 1.206 0.965 0.796 0.704

100 1.416 1.264 1.010 0.825 0.727

105 1.455 1.303 1.054 0.853 0.749

110 1.494 1.337 1.098 0.882 0.767

115 1.533 1.371 1.143 0.911 0.786

120 1.572 1.405 1.187 0.939 0.804

125 1.611 1.439 1.232 0.968 0.822

130 1.649 1.473 1.276 0.996 0.841

135 1.688 1.507 1.304 1.025 0.859

140 1.727 1.541 1.333 1.053 0.878

145 1.766 1.574 1.361 1.082 0.896

150 1.805 1.608 1.390 1.110 0.915

155 1.844 1.642 1.418 1.139 0.933

160 1.676 1.447 1.168 0.952

165 1.710 1.475 1.196 0.970

170 1.744 1.504 1.225 0.988

175 1.778 1.532 1.253 1.007

180 1.812 1.560 1.281 1.025

185 1.846 1.589 1.303 1.044

190 1.617 1.326 1.062

195 1.646 1.349 1.081

200 1.674 1.372 1.099

205 1.703 1.395 1.117

210 1.731 1.417 1.136

215 1.759 1.440 1.154

220 1.788 1.463 1.173

225 1.816 1.486 1.191

230 1.845 1.509 1.210

235 1.873 1.531 1.228

240 1.554 1.247

245 1.577 1.265

250 1.600 1.291

255 1.623 1.329

260 1.645 1.367

265 1.668 1.404

270 1.691 1.442

275 1.714 1.480

280 1.737 1.518

285 1.759 1.556

290 1.782 1.593

295 1.805 1.631

300 1.828 1.669

305 1.851 1.707

310 1.873 1.745

315 1.782

320 1.820

325 1.858

330

335

340




Page 21 of 30

Section

Factor up

to m -1

350°C 400°C 450°C 500°C 550°C 600°C 650°C 700°C 750°C

60 1.276 0.916 0.803 0.694

65 1.276 0.916 0.803 0.694

70 1.276 0.982 0.803 0.694

75 1.276 1.049 0.853 0.723

80 1.116 0.902 0.752

85 1.183 0.951 0.787

90 1.249 1.000 0.823

95 1.298 1.050 0.858

100 1.336 1.099 0.894

105 1.373 1.148 0.929

110 1.410 1.197 0.964

115 1.447 1.246 1.000

120 1.485 1.289 1.035

125 1.522 1.321 1.071

130 1.559 1.352 1.106

135 1.596 1.384 1.141

140 1.634 1.416 1.177

145 1.671 1.448 1.212

150 1.708 1.480 1.248

155 1.745 1.512 1.282

160 1.783 1.544 1.311

165 1.820 1.576 1.340

170 1.857 1.607 1.369

175 1.639 1.398

180 1.671 1.427

185 1.703 1.456

190 1.735 1.485

195 1.767 1.514

200 1.799 1.543

205 1.830 1.572

210 1.862 1.602

215 1.631

220 1.660

225 1.689

230 1.718

235 1.747

240 1.776

245 1.805

250 1.834

255 1.863

260

265

270

275

280

285

290

295

300

305

310

315

320

325

330

335

340




Page 22 of 30

Section

Factor up

to m -1

350°C 400°C 450°C 500°C 550°C 600°C 650°C 700°C 750°C

50 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

55 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

60 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

65 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

70 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

75 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

80 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

85 0.144 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

90 0.156 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

95 0.167 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

100 0.179 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

105 0.190 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

110 0.202 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

115 0.213 0.145 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

120 0.225 0.149 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

125 0.236 0.153 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

130 0.248 0.158 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

135 0.259 0.162 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

140 0.271 0.167 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

145 0.276 0.171 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

150 0.282 0.175 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

155 0.287 0.180 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

160 0.293 0.184 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

165 0.298 0.188 0.145 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

170 0.304 0.193 0.150 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

175 0.309 0.197 0.155 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

180 0.315 0.202 0.160 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

185 0.320 0.206 0.165 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

190 0.326 0.210 0.169 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

195 0.331 0.215 0.174 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

200 0.336 0.219 0.179 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

205 0.342 0.224 0.184 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

210 0.347 0.228 0.189 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

215 0.353 0.232 0.194 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

220 0.358 0.237 0.199 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

225 0.364 0.241 0.204 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

230 0.369 0.246 0.209 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

235 0.375 0.250 0.213 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

240 0.380 0.254 0.218 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

245 0.386 0.259 0.223 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

250 0.391 0.263 0.228 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

255 0.396 0.267 0.233 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

260 0.402 0.273 0.238 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

265 0.407 0.282 0.243 0.151 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

270 0.413 0.292 0.248 0.162 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

275 0.418 0.301 0.252 0.173 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

280 0.424 0.310 0.257 0.184 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

285 0.429 0.320 0.262 0.195 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

290 0.435 0.329 0.267 0.206 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

295 0.440 0.339 0.273 0.217 0.150 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

300 0.445 0.348 0.284 0.227 0.163 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

305 0.451 0.357 0.295 0.238 0.177 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

310 0.456 0.367 0.305 0.249 0.190 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

315 0.462 0.376 0.316 0.260 0.204 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

320 0.467 0.386 0.327 0.271 0.217 0.155 0.141 0.141 0.141

325 0.473 0.395 0.337 0.283 0.231 0.170 0.141 0.141 0.141

330 0.478 0.404 0.348 0.295 0.244 0.186 0.141 0.141 0.141

335 0.484 0.414 0.359 0.307 0.258 0.201 0.146 0.141 0.141

340 0.489 0.423 0.369 0.319 0.271 0.216 0.163 0.141 0.141

345 0.495 0.432 0.380 0.331 0.284 0.231 0.180 0.141 0.141

350 0.500 0.442 0.391 0.343 0.298 0.247 0.197 0.141 0.141

355 0.526 0.451 0.402 0.355 0.311 0.262 0.214 0.141 0.141

360 0.553 0.461 0.412 0.367 0.325 0.277 0.231 0.141 0.141

365 0.579 0.470 0.423 0.379 0.338 0.292 0.247 0.141 0.141

370 0.605 0.479 0.434 0.392 0.352 0.308 0.264 0.141 0.141

375 0.631 0.489 0.444 0.404 0.365 0.323 0.281 0.141 0.141

380 0.658 0.498 0.455 0.416 0.379 0.338 0.298 0.141 0.141

385 0.684 0.526 0.466 0.428 0.392 0.353 0.315 0.141 0.141

390 0.710 0.557 0.476 0.440 0.406 0.369 0.332 0.290 0.141


Table 10: I-Section Columns 15 Minutes


Page 23 of 30

Section

Factor up

to m -1

350°C 400°C 450°C 500°C 550°C 600°C 650°C 700°C 750°C

50 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

55 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

60 0.161 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

65 0.192 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

70 0.222 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

75 0.253 0.149 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

80 0.277 0.164 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

85 0.293 0.180 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

90 0.309 0.195 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

95 0.324 0.210 0.148 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

100 0.340 0.225 0.154 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

105 0.356 0.241 0.161 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

110 0.371 0.256 0.167 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

115 0.387 0.271 0.174 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

120 0.403 0.276 0.180 0.142 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

125 0.418 0.281 0.187 0.146 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

130 0.434 0.286 0.194 0.151 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

135 0.450 0.291 0.200 0.155 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

140 0.465 0.296 0.207 0.159 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

145 0.481 0.301 0.213 0.164 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

150 0.497 0.306 0.220 0.168 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

155 0.505 0.312 0.226 0.172 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

160 0.511 0.317 0.233 0.176 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

165 0.517 0.322 0.240 0.181 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

170 0.524 0.327 0.246 0.185 0.143 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

175 0.530 0.332 0.253 0.189 0.148 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

180 0.536 0.337 0.259 0.193 0.153 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

185 0.542 0.342 0.266 0.198 0.158 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

190 0.549 0.347 0.272 0.202 0.164 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

195 0.555 0.352 0.279 0.206 0.169 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

200 0.561 0.357 0.285 0.210 0.174 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

205 0.567 0.362 0.292 0.215 0.179 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

210 0.574 0.367 0.298 0.219 0.184 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

215 0.580 0.372 0.305 0.223 0.190 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

220 0.586 0.377 0.311 0.227 0.195 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

225 0.592 0.382 0.318 0.232 0.200 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

230 0.598 0.388 0.324 0.236 0.205 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

235 0.605 0.393 0.331 0.240 0.211 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

240 0.611 0.398 0.337 0.245 0.216 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

245 0.617 0.403 0.343 0.249 0.221 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

250 0.623 0.408 0.350 0.253 0.226 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

255 0.630 0.413 0.356 0.257 0.231 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

260 0.636 0.418 0.363 0.262 0.237 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

265 0.642 0.423 0.369 0.266 0.242 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

270 0.648 0.428 0.376 0.270 0.247 0.149 0.141 0.141 0.141

275 0.655 0.433 0.382 0.279 0.252 0.163 0.141 0.141 0.141

280 0.661 0.438 0.389 0.289 0.257 0.177 0.141 0.141 0.141

285 0.667 0.443 0.395 0.300 0.263 0.192 0.150 0.141 0.141

290 0.673 0.448 0.402 0.310 0.268 0.206 0.163 0.141 0.141

295 0.679 0.453 0.408 0.320 0.275 0.220 0.177 0.141 0.141

300 0.686 0.458 0.415 0.330 0.287 0.234 0.190 0.141 0.141

305 0.692 0.464 0.421 0.341 0.298 0.248 0.204 0.147 0.141

310 0.698 0.469 0.428 0.351 0.309 0.262 0.217 0.163 0.141

315 0.704 0.474 0.434 0.361 0.320 0.276 0.231 0.178 0.141

320 0.711 0.479 0.440 0.371 0.331 0.288 0.244 0.193 0.141

325 0.717 0.484 0.447 0.381 0.342 0.301 0.258 0.208 0.141

330 0.723 0.489 0.453 0.392 0.353 0.313 0.271 0.223 0.158

335 0.729 0.494 0.460 0.402 0.364 0.325 0.284 0.238 0.175

340 0.736 0.499 0.466 0.412 0.375 0.337 0.298 0.253 0.192

345 0.742 0.521 0.473 0.422 0.387 0.350 0.311 0.268 0.209

350 0.748 0.546 0.479 0.433 0.398 0.362 0.325 0.283 0.227

355 0.754 0.572 0.486 0.443 0.409 0.374 0.338 0.298 0.244

360 0.761 0.598 0.492 0.453 0.420 0.387 0.352 0.313 0.261

365 0.767 0.624 0.499 0.463 0.431 0.399 0.365 0.328 0.278

370 0.848 0.649 0.524 0.473 0.442 0.411 0.379 0.343 0.295

375 0.948 0.675 0.554 0.484 0.453 0.424 0.392 0.358 0.312

380 1.048 0.701 0.583 0.494 0.464 0.436 0.406 0.373 0.329

385 1.149 0.727 0.613 0.513 0.476 0.448 0.419 0.389 0.346

390 1.249 0.753 0.643 0.546 0.487 0.461 0.433 0.404 0.363




Page 24 of 30

Section

Factor up

to m -1

350°C 400°C 450°C 500°C 550°C 600°C 650°C 700°C 750°C

50 0.368 0.249 0.143 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

55 0.415 0.279 0.173 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

60 0.462 0.309 0.204 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

65 0.504 0.339 0.234 0.156 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

70 0.526 0.369 0.265 0.174 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

75 0.548 0.398 0.284 0.192 0.145 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

80 0.569 0.428 0.301 0.210 0.155 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

85 0.591 0.458 0.318 0.228 0.165 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141

90 0.612 0.488 0.335 0.246 0.175 0.143 0.141 0.141 0.141

95 0.634 0.505 0.352 0.264 0.186 0.148 0.141 0.141 0.141

100 0.656 0.514 0.369 0.276 0.196 0.153 0.141 0.141 0.141

105 0.677 0.523 0.386 0.285 0.206 0.158 0.141 0.141 0.141

110 0.699 0.531 0.402 0.293 0.216 0.163 0.141 0.141 0.141

115 0.720 0.540 0.419 0.302 0.226 0.169 0.141 0.141 0.141

120 0.742 0.549 0.436 0.310 0.236 0.174 0.144 0.141 0.141

125 0.764 0.557 0.453 0.318 0.247 0.179 0.148 0.141 0.141

130 0.779 0.566 0.470 0.327 0.257 0.184 0.152 0.141 0.141

135 0.793 0.575 0.487 0.335 0.267 0.189 0.157 0.141 0.141

140 0.807 0.584 0.501 0.344 0.274 0.194 0.161 0.141 0.141

145 0.821 0.592 0.507 0.352 0.280 0.200 0.165 0.141 0.141

150 0.835 0.601 0.513 0.361 0.285 0.205 0.169 0.141 0.141

155 0.848 0.610 0.519 0.369 0.291 0.210 0.174 0.141 0.141

160 0.862 0.618 0.525 0.378 0.296 0.215 0.178 0.141 0.141

165 0.876 0.627 0.531 0.386 0.301 0.220 0.182 0.141 0.141

170 0.890 0.636 0.536 0.395 0.307 0.226 0.187 0.141 0.141

175 0.904 0.644 0.542 0.403 0.312 0.231 0.191 0.141 0.141

180 0.918 0.653 0.548 0.412 0.318 0.236 0.195 0.143 0.141

185 0.932 0.662 0.554 0.420 0.323 0.241 0.199 0.149 0.141

190 0.945 0.671 0.560 0.429 0.329 0.246 0.204 0.155 0.141

195 0.959 0.679 0.566 0.437 0.334 0.251 0.208 0.161 0.141

200 0.973 0.688 0.572 0.446 0.339 0.257 0.212 0.167 0.141

205 0.987 0.697 0.578 0.454 0.345 0.262 0.216 0.173 0.141

210 1.001 0.705 0.583 0.463 0.350 0.267 0.221 0.179 0.141

215 1.015 0.714 0.589 0.471 0.356 0.273 0.225 0.185 0.141

220 1.029 0.723 0.595 0.480 0.361 0.280 0.229 0.191 0.141

225 1.042 0.731 0.601 0.488 0.367 0.288 0.233 0.197 0.141

230 1.056 0.740 0.607 0.497 0.372 0.296 0.238 0.203 0.141

235 1.070 0.749 0.613 0.505 0.377 0.304 0.242 0.209 0.141

240 1.084 0.758 0.619 0.514 0.383 0.312 0.246 0.215 0.141

245 1.098 0.766 0.625 0.523 0.388 0.319 0.251 0.221 0.141

250 1.112 0.787 0.630 0.532 0.394 0.327 0.255 0.227 0.141

255 1.126 0.812 0.636 0.540 0.399 0.335 0.259 0.233 0.141

260 1.139 0.836 0.642 0.549 0.404 0.343 0.263 0.239 0.147

265 1.153 0.860 0.648 0.558 0.410 0.350 0.268 0.245 0.160

270 1.167 0.884 0.654 0.567 0.415 0.358 0.273 0.251 0.174

275 1.181 0.909 0.660 0.575 0.421 0.366 0.284 0.257 0.187

280 1.195 0.933 0.666 0.584 0.426 0.374 0.295 0.263 0.200

285 1.209 0.957 0.672 0.593 0.432 0.382 0.306 0.269 0.213

290 1.223 0.981 0.677 0.602 0.437 0.389 0.317 0.278 0.226

295 1.237 1.006 0.683 0.610 0.442 0.397 0.328 0.290 0.239

300 1.250 1.030 0.689 0.619 0.448 0.405 0.339 0.302 0.253

305 1.264 1.054 0.695 0.628 0.453 0.413 0.350 0.314 0.266

310 1.278 1.079 0.701 0.637 0.459 0.421 0.361 0.326 0.279

315 1.292 1.103 0.707 0.645 0.464 0.428 0.372 0.338 0.292

320 1.306 1.127 0.713 0.654 0.470 0.436 0.383 0.350 0.305

325 1.320 1.151 0.719 0.663 0.475 0.444 0.394 0.362 0.318

330 1.334 1.176 0.725 0.672 0.480 0.452 0.405 0.374 0.332

335 1.347 1.200 0.730 0.680 0.486 0.459 0.416 0.386 0.345

340 1.361 1.224 0.736 0.689 0.491 0.467 0.427 0.397 0.358

345 1.375 1.248 0.742 0.698 0.497 0.475 0.438 0.409 0.371

350 1.389 1.273 0.748 0.707 0.511 0.483 0.449 0.421 0.384

355 1.515 1.297 0.754 0.715 0.538 0.491 0.460 0.433 0.397

360 1.641 1.321 0.760 0.724 0.564 0.498 0.471 0.445 0.411

365 1.766 1.345 0.766 0.733 0.591 0.522 0.482 0.457 0.424

370 1.892 1.370 0.846 0.742 0.618 0.550 0.493 0.469 0.437

375 2.018 1.426 0.975 0.750 0.645 0.578 0.512 0.481 0.450

380 1.611 1.104 0.759 0.672 0.606 0.542 0.493 0.463

385 1.796 1.234 0.768 0.698 0.634 0.571 0.512 0.476

390 1.981 1.363 0.931 0.725 0.662 0.601 0.544 0.489




Page 25 of 30

Section

Factor up

to m -1

350°C 400°C 450°C 500°C 550°C 600°C 650°C 700°C 750°C

50 0.677 0.553 0.481 0.331 0.231 0.163 0.141 0.141 0.141

55 0.734 0.583 0.500 0.373 0.264 0.188 0.142 0.141 0.141

60 0.791 0.614 0.519 0.415 0.298 0.212 0.159 0.141 0.141

65 0.850 0.645 0.538 0.458 0.332 0.237 0.176 0.141 0.141

70 0.909 0.676 0.557 0.500 0.365 0.261 0.193 0.149 0.141

75 0.967 0.706 0.577 0.510 0.399 0.285 0.210 0.160 0.141

80 1.026 0.737 0.596 0.521 0.433 0.309 0.227 0.171 0.141

85 1.084 0.768 0.615 0.531 0.466 0.333 0.244 0.182 0.141

90 1.143 0.794 0.634 0.542 0.500 0.357 0.261 0.193 0.142

95 1.202 0.819 0.653 0.552 0.505 0.381 0.277 0.203 0.148

100 1.260 0.845 0.672 0.562 0.510 0.405 0.292 0.214 0.153

105 1.319 0.871 0.691 0.573 0.515 0.428 0.307 0.225 0.159

110 1.377 0.896 0.711 0.583 0.520 0.452 0.322 0.236 0.165

115 1.408 0.922 0.730 0.593 0.525 0.476 0.337 0.247 0.170

120 1.431 0.948 0.749 0.604 0.530 0.500 0.352 0.258 0.176

125 1.454 0.973 0.768 0.614 0.535 0.505 0.367 0.269 0.181

130 1.478 0.999 0.782 0.625 0.540 0.511 0.382 0.278 0.187

135 1.501 1.025 0.796 0.635 0.546 0.516 0.398 0.286 0.193

140 1.524 1.050 0.810 0.645 0.551 0.522 0.413 0.295 0.198

145 1.547 1.076 0.824 0.656 0.556 0.527 0.428 0.303 0.204

150 1.571 1.102 0.838 0.666 0.561 0.532 0.443 0.311 0.209

155 1.594 1.127 0.852 0.677 0.566 0.538 0.458 0.320 0.215

160 1.617 1.153 0.866 0.687 0.571 0.543 0.473 0.328 0.221

165 1.641 1.179 0.880 0.697 0.576 0.548 0.488 0.337 0.226

170 1.664 1.204 0.894 0.708 0.581 0.554 0.501 0.345 0.232

175 1.687 1.230 0.908 0.718 0.586 0.559 0.508 0.354 0.237

180 1.710 1.256 0.923 0.729 0.591 0.565 0.514 0.362 0.243

185 1.734 1.281 0.937 0.739 0.596 0.570 0.520 0.370 0.249

190 1.757 1.307 0.951 0.749 0.601 0.575 0.527 0.379 0.254

195 1.780 1.333 0.965 0.760 0.606 0.581 0.533 0.387 0.260

200 1.804 1.358 0.979 0.772 0.611 0.586 0.539 0.396 0.265

205 1.827 1.384 0.993 0.791 0.616 0.591 0.546 0.404 0.271

210 1.850 1.407 1.007 0.810 0.621 0.597 0.552 0.412 0.279

215 1.874 1.429 1.021 0.829 0.626 0.602 0.558 0.421 0.287

220 1.897 1.452 1.035 0.848 0.631 0.608 0.564 0.429 0.295

225 1.920 1.474 1.049 0.867 0.637 0.613 0.571 0.438 0.303

230 1.943 1.497 1.063 0.886 0.642 0.618 0.577 0.446 0.310

235 1.967 1.519 1.077 0.905 0.647 0.624 0.583 0.455 0.318

240 1.990 1.542 1.091 0.924 0.652 0.629 0.590 0.463 0.326

245 2.013 1.564 1.105 0.943 0.657 0.635 0.596 0.471 0.334

250 2.037 1.587 1.119 0.962 0.662 0.640 0.602 0.480 0.342

255 2.060 1.609 1.133 0.981 0.667 0.645 0.609 0.488 0.350

260 1.632 1.147 1.000 0.672 0.651 0.615 0.497 0.358

265 1.654 1.161 1.019 0.677 0.656 0.621 0.506 0.366

270 1.677 1.175 1.038 0.682 0.661 0.628 0.517 0.374

275 1.699 1.189 1.058 0.687 0.667 0.634 0.527 0.382

280 1.721 1.204 1.077 0.692 0.672 0.640 0.537 0.389

285 1.744 1.218 1.096 0.697 0.678 0.647 0.548 0.397

290 1.766 1.232 1.115 0.702 0.683 0.653 0.558 0.405

295 1.789 1.246 1.134 0.707 0.688 0.659 0.569 0.413

300 1.811 1.260 1.153 0.712 0.694 0.666 0.579 0.421

305 1.834 1.274 1.172 0.717 0.699 0.672 0.589 0.429

310 1.856 1.288 1.191 0.722 0.704 0.678 0.600 0.437

315 1.879 1.302 1.210 0.728 0.710 0.685 0.610 0.445

320 1.901 1.316 1.229 0.733 0.715 0.691 0.620 0.453

325 1.924 1.330 1.248 0.738 0.721 0.697 0.631 0.461

330 1.946 1.344 1.267 0.743 0.726 0.704 0.641 0.468

335 1.969 1.358 1.286 0.748 0.731 0.710 0.652 0.476

340 1.991 1.372 1.305 0.753 0.737 0.716 0.662 0.484

345 2.014 1.386 1.324 0.758 0.742 0.722 0.672 0.492

350 2.036 1.557 1.343 0.763 0.748 0.729 0.683 0.500

355 2.058 1.766 1.362 0.768 0.753 0.735 0.693 0.526

360 1.976 1.381 0.923 0.758 0.741 0.704 0.552

365 1.561 1.079 0.764 0.748 0.714 0.577

370 1.846 1.234 0.807 0.754 0.724 0.603

375 1.389 1.001 0.760 0.735 0.629

380 1.782 1.195 0.767 0.745 0.655

385 1.389 0.945 0.756 0.680

390 1.913 1.167 0.766 0.706




Page 26 of 30

Section

Factor up

to m -1

350°C 400°C 450°C 500°C 550°C 600°C 650°C 700°C 750°C

50 1.389 1.347 0.640 0.563 0.505 0.480 0.248 0.195 0.141

55 1.389 1.347 0.675 0.588 0.523 0.491 0.301 0.219 0.153

60 1.389 1.347 0.711 0.612 0.540 0.502 0.353 0.243 0.171

65 1.347 0.747 0.636 0.558 0.514 0.406 0.266 0.188

70 1.347 0.786 0.661 0.575 0.525 0.458 0.304 0.205

75 1.347 0.831 0.685 0.593 0.536 0.501 0.345 0.223

80 1.347 0.876 0.710 0.610 0.548 0.508 0.386 0.240

85 1.347 0.921 0.734 0.628 0.559 0.514 0.426 0.257

90 1.382 0.966 0.758 0.645 0.570 0.521 0.467 0.276

95 1.417 1.011 0.782 0.663 0.582 0.527 0.501 0.302

100 1.452 1.056 0.807 0.680 0.593 0.534 0.506 0.327

105 1.487 1.101 0.831 0.698 0.604 0.540 0.511 0.352

110 1.522 1.146 0.855 0.715 0.616 0.547 0.516 0.378

115 1.557 1.191 0.879 0.733 0.627 0.553 0.521 0.403

120 1.592 1.236 0.903 0.750 0.639 0.560 0.526 0.429

125 1.627 1.281 0.927 0.768 0.650 0.566 0.531 0.454

130 1.662 1.326 0.951 0.782 0.661 0.573 0.536 0.480

135 1.697 1.371 0.975 0.796 0.673 0.579 0.541 0.501

140 1.731 1.405 0.999 0.811 0.684 0.586 0.546 0.507

145 1.766 1.432 1.023 0.825 0.695 0.592 0.551 0.512

150 1.801 1.459 1.047 0.839 0.707 0.599 0.556 0.518

155 1.836 1.487 1.071 0.853 0.718 0.605 0.561 0.523

160 1.871 1.514 1.095 0.868 0.729 0.612 0.566 0.529

165 1.906 1.541 1.119 0.882 0.741 0.618 0.571 0.534

170 1.941 1.568 1.143 0.896 0.752 0.625 0.576 0.540

175 1.976 1.595 1.168 0.910 0.763 0.631 0.581 0.546

180 2.011 1.622 1.192 0.925 0.778 0.638 0.586 0.551

185 2.046 1.649 1.216 0.939 0.796 0.644 0.591 0.557

190 1.676 1.240 0.953 0.813 0.651 0.596 0.562

195 1.704 1.264 0.967 0.831 0.657 0.601 0.568

200 1.731 1.288 0.982 0.848 0.664 0.606 0.573

205 1.758 1.312 0.996 0.866 0.670 0.611 0.579

210 1.785 1.336 1.010 0.883 0.677 0.616 0.585

215 1.812 1.360 1.024 0.901 0.683 0.621 0.590

220 1.839 1.384 1.039 0.918 0.690 0.626 0.596

225 1.866 1.410 1.053 0.935 0.696 0.631 0.601

230 1.893 1.437 1.067 0.953 0.703 0.636 0.607

235 1.920 1.463 1.081 0.970 0.709 0.641 0.612

240 1.948 1.489 1.096 0.988 0.716 0.646 0.618

245 1.975 1.516 1.110 1.005 0.722 0.651 0.623

250 2.002 1.542 1.124 1.023 0.729 0.656 0.629

255 2.029 1.569 1.138 1.040 0.735 0.661 0.635

260 2.056 1.595 1.153 1.058 0.742 0.666 0.640

265 1.622 1.167 1.075 0.748 0.671 0.646

270 1.648 1.181 1.092 0.755 0.676 0.651

275 1.674 1.195 1.110 0.761 0.681 0.657

280 1.701 1.210 1.127 0.768 0.686 0.662

285 1.727 1.224 1.145 0.804 0.691 0.668

290 1.754 1.238 1.162 0.840 0.696 0.673

295 1.780 1.252 1.180 0.876 0.701 0.679

300 1.807 1.267 1.197 0.912 0.706 0.685

305 1.833 1.281 1.215 0.949 0.711 0.690

310 1.859 1.295 1.232 0.985 0.716 0.696

315 1.886 1.309 1.249 1.021 0.721 0.701

320 1.912 1.323 1.267 1.057 0.726 0.707

325 1.939 1.338 1.284 1.093 0.731 0.712

330 1.965 1.352 1.302 1.129 0.736 0.718

335 1.992 1.366 1.319 1.165 0.741 0.724

340 2.018 1.380 1.337 1.201 0.746 0.729

345 2.044 1.529 1.354 1.237 0.751 0.735

350 2.071 1.878 1.372 1.273 0.756 0.740

355 1.389 1.310 0.761 0.746

360 1.838 1.346 0.766 0.751

365 1.382 0.901 0.757

370 1.892 1.123 0.762

375 1.345 0.768

380 1.027

385 1.286

390




Page 27 of 30

Section

Factor up

to m -1

350°C 400°C 450°C 500°C 550°C 600°C 650°C 700°C 750°C

50 1.389 1.311 0.703 0.624 0.570 0.517 0.484 0.309

55 1.389 1.311 0.703 0.653 0.592 0.534 0.495 0.309

60 1.311 0.768 0.681 0.614 0.551 0.507 0.309

65 1.311 0.833 0.710 0.636 0.567 0.519 0.373

70 1.311 0.897 0.739 0.658 0.584 0.530 0.436

75 1.355 0.962 0.768 0.680 0.601 0.542 0.500

80 1.398 1.027 0.809 0.702 0.618 0.554 0.506

85 1.441 1.091 0.851 0.724 0.634 0.565 0.513

90 1.484 1.156 0.892 0.746 0.651 0.577 0.519

95 1.527 1.221 0.934 0.768 0.668 0.589 0.525

100 1.570 1.286 0.975 0.793 0.684 0.600 0.532

105 1.613 1.350 1.016 0.818 0.701 0.612 0.538

110 1.656 1.403 1.058 0.843 0.718 0.624 0.544

115 1.699 1.440 1.099 0.868 0.735 0.635 0.551

120 1.742 1.476 1.141 0.893 0.751 0.647 0.557

125 1.785 1.512 1.182 0.918 0.768 0.658 0.563

130 1.828 1.548 1.223 0.943 0.782 0.670 0.570

135 1.872 1.584 1.265 0.968 0.797 0.682 0.576

140 1.915 1.620 1.306 0.993 0.811 0.693 0.582

145 1.958 1.657 1.348 1.018 0.826 0.705 0.588

150 2.001 1.693 1.389 1.043 0.840 0.717 0.595

155 2.044 1.729 1.421 1.068 0.854 0.728 0.601

160 1.765 1.453 1.094 0.869 0.740 0.607

165 1.801 1.485 1.119 0.883 0.752 0.614

170 1.837 1.517 1.144 0.897 0.763 0.620

175 1.873 1.549 1.169 0.912 0.778 0.626

180 1.910 1.582 1.194 0.926 0.796 0.633

185 1.946 1.614 1.219 0.941 0.813 0.639

190 1.982 1.646 1.244 0.955 0.830 0.645

195 2.018 1.678 1.269 0.969 0.847 0.652

200 2.054 1.710 1.294 0.984 0.865 0.658

205 1.742 1.319 0.998 0.882 0.664

210 1.774 1.344 1.012 0.899 0.671

215 1.806 1.369 1.027 0.916 0.677

220 1.838 1.395 1.041 0.934 0.683

225 1.870 1.428 1.056 0.951 0.690

230 1.902 1.460 1.070 0.968 0.696

235 1.935 1.493 1.084 0.985 0.702

240 1.967 1.525 1.099 1.003 0.709

245 1.999 1.558 1.113 1.020 0.715

250 2.031 1.590 1.127 1.037 0.721

255 2.063 1.622 1.142 1.054 0.728

260 1.655 1.156 1.072 0.734

265 1.687 1.171 1.089 0.740

270 1.720 1.185 1.106 0.747

275 1.752 1.199 1.123 0.753

280 1.785 1.214 1.141 0.759

285 1.817 1.228 1.158 0.765

290 1.849 1.242 1.175 0.792

295 1.882 1.257 1.192 0.833

300 1.914 1.271 1.210 0.873

305 1.947 1.286 1.227 0.913

310 1.979 1.300 1.244 0.953

315 2.012 1.314 1.261 0.994

320 2.044 1.329 1.279 1.034

325 1.343 1.296 1.074

330 1.357 1.313 1.115

335 1.372 1.330 1.155

340 1.386 1.348 1.195

345 1.892 1.365 1.236

350 1.382 1.276

355 2.018 1.316

360 1.357

365 1.397

370 1.437

375 1.478

380 1.518

385

390




Page 28 of 30

Section

Factor up

to m -1

350°C 400°C 450°C 500°C 550°C 600°C 650°C 700°C 750°C

50 1.389 1.389 1.328 0.768 0.731 0.559 0.494

55 1.389 1.389 1.328 0.768 0.731 0.579 0.509

60 1.389 1.328 0.768 0.731 0.600 0.524

65 1.389 1.328 0.768 0.731 0.620 0.540

70 1.389 1.328 0.824 0.731 0.641 0.555

75 1.328 0.881 0.731 0.661 0.570

80 1.328 0.937 0.768 0.682 0.585

85 1.328 0.994 0.805 0.702 0.601

90 1.372 1.050 0.843 0.723 0.616

95 1.415 1.107 0.880 0.743 0.631

100 1.459 1.163 0.918 0.764 0.646

105 1.503 1.220 0.955 0.786 0.661

110 1.546 1.276 0.992 0.809 0.677

115 1.590 1.333 1.030 0.831 0.692

120 1.634 1.389 1.067 0.854 0.707

125 1.677 1.428 1.105 0.877 0.722

130 1.721 1.468 1.142 0.899 0.738

135 1.765 1.507 1.180 0.922 0.753

140 1.808 1.546 1.217 0.945 0.768

145 1.852 1.586 1.254 0.967 0.783

150 1.896 1.625 1.292 0.990 0.798

155 1.939 1.664 1.329 1.013 0.814

160 1.983 1.704 1.367 1.035 0.829

165 2.027 1.743 1.404 1.058 0.844

170 2.070 1.782 1.442 1.081 0.859

175 1.821 1.480 1.103 0.875

180 1.861 1.518 1.126 0.890

185 1.900 1.556 1.149 0.905

190 1.939 1.594 1.171 0.920

195 1.979 1.632 1.194 0.935

200 2.018 1.669 1.217 0.951

205 2.057 1.707 1.239 0.966

210 1.745 1.262 0.981

215 1.783 1.285 0.996

220 1.821 1.307 1.012

225 1.859 1.330 1.027

230 1.897 1.353 1.042

235 1.935 1.375 1.057

240 1.973 1.409 1.072

245 2.010 1.460 1.088

250 2.048 1.511 1.103

255 1.561 1.118

260 1.612 1.133

265 1.663 1.149

270 1.714 1.164

275 1.764 1.179

280 1.815 1.194

285 1.866 1.209

290 1.917 1.225

295 1.967 1.240

300 2.018 1.255

305 2.069 1.270

310 1.286

315 1.301

320 1.316

325 1.331

330 1.346

335 1.362

340 1.377

345 1.392

350 1.407

355 1.422

360 1.438

365 1.453

370 1.468

375 1.483

380 1.499

385 1.514

390 1.529




Page 29 of 30

Section

Factor up

to m -1

350°C 400°C 450°C 500°C 550°C 600°C 650°C 700°C 750°C

50 1.389 1.369 0.713 0.700 0.576

55 1.389 1.369 0.713 0.700 0.599

60 1.389 1.369 0.782 0.700 0.622

65 1.389 1.369 0.851 0.700 0.644

70 1.369 0.920 0.749 0.667

75 1.369 0.989 0.797 0.690

80 1.369 1.058 0.846 0.713

85 1.418 1.127 0.894 0.736

90 1.468 1.196 0.943 0.759

95 1.517 1.265 0.991 0.786

100 1.566 1.334 1.040 0.815

105 1.615 1.398 1.088 0.844

110 1.664 1.442 1.137 0.873

115 1.713 1.486 1.185 0.903

120 1.762 1.531 1.234 0.932

125 1.812 1.575 1.282 0.961

130 1.861 1.619 1.331 0.991

135 1.910 1.664 1.379 1.020

140 1.959 1.708 1.424 1.049

145 2.008 1.752 1.469 1.079

150 2.057 1.797 1.513 1.108

155 1.841 1.557 1.137

160 1.885 1.602 1.166

165 1.929 1.646 1.196

170 1.974 1.690 1.225

175 2.018 1.735 1.254

180 2.062 1.779 1.284

185 1.823 1.313

190 1.867 1.342

195 1.912 1.371

200 1.956 1.416

205 2.000 1.483

210 2.045 1.550

215 1.617

220 1.683

225 1.750

230 1.817

235 1.884

240 1.951

245 2.018

250

255

260

265

270

275

280

285

290

295

300

305

310

315

320

325

330

335

340

345

350

355

360

365

370

375

380

385

390




Page 30 of 30

Section

Factor up

to m -1

350°C 400°C 450°C 500°C 550°C 600°C 650°C 700°C 750°C

50 1.389 1.389 0.752 0.670

55 1.389 1.389 0.752 0.670

60 1.389 1.389 0.832 0.670

65 1.389 0.911 0.724

70 1.389 0.991 0.779

75 1.389 1.071 0.833

80 1.150 0.888

85 1.230 0.942

90 1.309 0.997

95 1.389 1.051

100 1.439 1.106

105 1.489 1.160

110 1.539 1.215

115 1.589 1.269

120 1.639 1.324

125 1.689 1.378

130 1.738 1.432

135 1.788 1.487

140 1.838 1.541

145 1.888 1.595

150 1.938 1.649

155 1.988 1.704

160 2.038 1.758

165 1.812

170 1.866

175 1.920

180 1.975

185 2.029




Documents

European Organisation for Technical Approvals · EUOPEAN TECHNICAL APPROVAL ETA -11/0481 Trade name: Hensotherm 410KS Holder of the approval: ... Translations in other languages have