Ethiopian Annual Agricultural Sample Survey

Methodology and Experience

Ethiopian Annual Agricultural Sample Survey

Methodology and Experience

By Habekiristos Beyene

Agriculture, Natural Resource and Environmental Statistics Directorate

Addis Ababa, August, 2012

CENTRAL STATISTICAL AGENCYCENTRAL STATISTICAL AGENCY

CSA

Contents

1. Introduction2. Initiation of Annual Agricultural Sample Surveys 3. Modules of the Annual Agricultural Sample Survey

4. Contents of the Survey5. Area and Sector Coverage6. Sample Design and Sample Size

6.1 Sample Selection

7. Field Organization8. Training Of Field Staff9. Method Of Data Collection10. Dissemination of the Survey Results11. List of statistical Bulletins Generated from the Annual

Agri. Sample Survey12. Implementation of Global Strategy in Ethiopia

CSA

1. Introduction

Ethiopia is a country with agrarian economy, where Agriculture is the dominant sector of the country’s

Economy, as a matter of this fact,

The sector contributes (Nearly 45%) to the country’s GDP

It employs 82% of the country’s total population, who solely depends on agriculture for their livelihood

It is the main source Of the domestic food supply and Raw materials for domestic Agro-Industries

CSA

Why do we need continues, comprehensive, reliable and timely supply of quantitative information?

Because statistical information with regard to agriculture are indispensable input

To evaluate and monitor the performance of the sector itself

To formulate promotional agricultural policy and programs

To design, plan and execute developmental agricultural projects,

To monitor and evaluate the ongoing agricultural projects and programs and …etc

CSA

2. Initiation of Annual Agricultural Sample Surveys (AGSS)

Three decades earlier, statistical information regarding the agricultural sector were rarely available in Ethiopia,

Due to limitation of both coverage and methodology used the information generated during those days were inadequate and unreliable.

In addressing the problems mentioned, in 1980 “Integrated System of Food and Agricultural Statistics (ISFAS)’’ the UNDP/FAO project, was initiated in Ethiopia.

CSA

Thus, from 1980 on wards Ethiopia/CSA has been conducting the agricultural sample survey on annual bases.

Here it should be noted that in addition to

conducting the annual agricultural sample surveys, the country had performed the first ever agricultural sample enumeration in 2001/02

Since then every three and/or four years the CSA used to improve the content, coverage and methodologies of the annual agricultural sample surveys.

CSA

1. Main (Meher) season Pre-harvest Crop Production Forecast Sample Survey

2. Main (Meher) season Post-harvest agricultural Sample survey

3. Livestock and poultry Sample Survey

4. Belg(Minor) Season Crop production Sample Survey

5. Large and Medium Scale Commercial Farms Sample Survey

CSA

3. Modules of the Annual Agricultural Sample Survey (AGSS)

4. Contents of the Survey

The range of data items includes

Area and production of both temporary and permanent crops,

Land use i.e. total cropland area, fallow land, grazing land, forest land and …etc,.

Agricultural practices, such as use various inputs

Number of livestock and poultry by type, purpose, age and sex

It should be noted that all the above mentioned data items are first identified in consultation with all data users and concerned stakeholders

CSA

The Annual Agricultural Sample Survey covered

The entire rural parts of the country except the

non-sedentary population of Pastoral areas

Both private peasant and large and medium

scale commercial farms agricultural holdings

including Co-operatives’

CSA 5. Area and Sector Coverage

A stratified two-stage cluster sample design was

implemented, where,

Enumeration areas (EAs) were taken to be the primary

sampling units (PSUs) and the secondary sampling units

(SSUs) were agricultural households.

The sample size is determined by taking into account of

both the required level of precision for the most important

estimates within each domain and the amount of resources

allocated to the survey.

All the regions of the country which are eleven in number

were taken to be the domain of estimation for which major

findings of the survey are reported.

6. Sample Design and Sample Size CSA

6.1 Sample Selection

First Stage sample selection of EAs was done by

probability proportional to size (PPS).

Size is the total number of households compiled from

the 2007 (1999 E.C.) population and housing census.

Second Stage sample (household) selection was done by

systematic random sampling.

Currently 30 agricultural Households were sampled from

each EA selected to be covered by the survey

CSA

7. Field Organization

Through its 25 Branch offices the CSA has put in place a comprehensive

field organization to follow up and monitor the survey field work.

Currently, one supervisor is assigned to closely supervise and

follow up the work of 3 - 4 enumerators

Annually, field enumerators, are recruited, trained and assigned

in the sampled EAs by each of the respective Branch Offices.

All the technical personnel, heads of the 25 Branch Offices as

well as field supervisors and enumerators were fully involved.

CSA

8. Training Of Field Staff

The quality of data acquired from the survey highly depend

on the type of training given,

The CSA provides theoretical and practical training at

various stages to its field staff

The content of the training focuses on detailed classroom

instruction on the purpose, terminology, concepts and

definitions used in the survey undertaking followed by field

practices.

CSA

9. Method Of Data Collection

The CSA adopted both subjective and objective

method of data collection in its annual agricultural

sample surveys.

a) Agricultural data collected using objective method

are:-

− Land area under Crop,

− Crop Yield through conducting Crop

cutting experiment from 2 mts x 2 mts

plot of land,

− Land Utilization (Area under different land

use).

CSA

b) Data collected through interview method are:-

Demographic characterstics of the sampled

agricultural households

Data on agricultural inputs such as use

fertilizers, local and improved seeds, use of

pesticides, herbicides, and use of irrigation,

Quantity and Cost of agricultural inputs

Livestock, poultry and beehives enumeration

and their products by type.

CSA

10. Dissemination of the Survey Results

The results of the Annual Agricultural Sample Survey are disseminated to ultimate users’ through

1. Hard copy:- The CSA distribute the Hard copies to the concerned stakeholders, made few copies available at the library for free use and put enough copies at CSA store for sale.

2. CD:-Softcopy of the survey results are also made available on CDs to ultimate users

3. Web Site:- Softcopy of the survey results are also released for free use through the CSA web site.

CSA

11. List of statistical Bulletins Generated from the Annual Agri. Sample Survey

Sr.No

Name of The Bulletin Frequency

1 Report on Area and Crop Production Forecast Forecast Every Year

2 Report on Post- harvest Estimates of Area and Production of Major Crops (Main Season)

>> >>

3 Report on Post- harvest FarmManagewment ppractices of Private holdings (Main Season)

>> >>

4 Report on Post- harvest Estimates of Area and Production of Belg Season Crops (Belg Season)

>> >>

5 Report on Post- harvest Belg Season Farm Management practices of Private holdings (Belg Season)

>> >>

6 Report on Land use for private Holdings >> >>

7 Report on Area and production of Crops and Farm Management Practices For Large and Medium Scale Farms (Both Seasons)

>> >>

8 Report on Livestock and Livstock CharactersticsPrivate holdings

>> >>

9 Report on Crop and Livestock Products Utilization for Private holdins

>> >>

CSA

CSA 12. Implementation of Global Strategy in Ethiopia

Ethiopia is expected to participate and contribute a lot

in various researches that will be carried out with

others in the area of :

Methodological guide lines

Producing handbooks through,

Documentation of good practices in

priority research topics

CSA