Ethics Papers 1 & 2 Revision Making Revision Flash cards

Ethics Papers 1 & 2 Revision

Making Revision Flash cards

1. Role and purpose of sexSex is a gift from God and naturalSex should only be between 1 man and 1 womanSex should be within marriage

1. Commitments and responsibilitiesCommitment – something you choose to doResponsibility – something you ought to doReligious believers – communityGuidelines – 10 Commandments

1. Roles of men and womenMen – superior or equal to womenRoles in the familyRoles in the Church

1. ContraceptionCatholics – natural methods only as it stops potential conceptionOther Christians – family planning important but only if both partners agree

1. Christian marriage ceremonyChurch, bride and groom, vicar, guestsVows, rings, signing marriage registerHymns, prayers, Bible readingImpediments, purpose of marriage

1. Is marriage out of date? YesCohabitation – many prefer thisSociety is changing – attitudes/beliefsMarriage is expensiveIncrease in divorce

1. Is marriage out of date? NoMany still choose to marryBasis for family lifeSign of commitmentTraditional

1. Civil partnershipsControversial for Christians – marriage is 1 man and 1 womanSome believe teachings need to adapt to suit today’s society

Human Relationships

Make a list of key terms for this Topic – put the key word at the top and then the meaning underneath or on the back – someone can then test you or you can test yourself.

Include:

Roles of men and women in the familyRoles of men and women in a Christian familyRoles of men and women in the Church family

Marriage and marriage ceremonies Marriage ceremonies The ways in which the ceremonies reflect and emphasise Christian teaching about marriage Responses to civil partnerships

DivorceBeliefs about the ethics of divorce Beliefs about the ethics of re-marriage

Sexual relationships and contraceptionBeliefs about sexual relationships Beliefs about contraception

Use the key questions to try and make revision cards:Why do some people believe men are superior to women?Why do some people not believe in marriage?Why do some people not approve of civil partnerships?What do Christians believe about divorce?What is the Christian attitude to sex before marriage?What do Christians believe about the sanctity of marriage?What do Christians believe about remarriage after divorce?How do marriage ceremonies reflect Christian belief?How important are the marriage vows?

You could make revision flashcards to show the different views. For example, on the following issues:

Roles of men and womenMarriage and marriage ceremoniesDivorce and remarriageSexual relationshipsContraception

You could create revision flashcards to show opposing sides of a debate. Take some of the statements used for evaluation questions such as the ones below, and create one flashcard with ideas that AGREE with the statement and one that DISAGREES with the statement. This will help you to learn the key arguments.“It is the duty of every Christian to be married.”“Divorce is always wrong.”“Using contraception is going against the will of God.”

You could create revision flashcards which show the main teachings of Christianity and include some teachings and quotes from Holy books. For example:Wives, in the same way be submissive to your husbands. . . Husbands, in the same way be considerate as you live with your wives, and treat them with respect (1 Peter 3:1a,7a)There is neither. . . male nor female. . . for you are all one in Christ Jesus. (Galatians 3:28)Do you not know that the wicked will not inherit the kingdom of God? Neither the sexually immoral. . . nor homosexual offenders. . . (1 Corinthians 6:9)Do you not know that your body is a temple of the Holy Spirit. . . Therefore honour God with your body.( 1 Corinthians 6:19a,20b)“So God created man in his own image, in the image of God he created him; male and female he created them.” (Genesis 1:27)

Key terms for the Religion and human relationships Topic:

adultery: sex between a married person and a person who is not their spousecommitment: an engagement or obligationcontraception: use of artificial or natural methods to prevent conceptiondivorce: legal dissolution of a marriageequality: treating people as equals regardless of gender, race or religious beliefslesbianism: same-sex relations between womenmarriage: formal, legal union of two peoplemoral: accepted standards of behaviourprocreation: conceiving and having babiessacrament: something which cannot be undonesacred: holy, specialsentient being: a being able to sense pain and pleasure, e.g. a human being or animal

1. Forms of mediaTelevisionFilmsBooks, comics and magazinesInternet

1. Portrayal of Christianity in the mediaInformativeHumorousDisrespectfulFor worship

1. Use of the media by Christianity EvangelisingInformationTo provide worship for people who cannot / do not go to church

1. Objections to portrayal of Christianity in the mediaRepresentations of God against the CommandmentsDisrespectfulInaccurate

1. Objections to the mediaPortrayal of violence – may lead to violencePortrayal of sex – degrades sex and peopleMisrepresentation of Christian values

1. Freedom of speechThe right of people to express their opinionsIs this right absolute?Does it matter if it offends other people?Should it be limited?

1. CensorshipShould it be allowed?Who makes decisions to censor?Can it cause damage?Christian teachings

1. Censorship and Freedom of SpeechShould there be any control over these?Who should control it and why?Dangers of censorshipExamples of censorship

Media


Include:

Relationship with the mediaThe different forms of media The influence of the media Portrayal of Christianity in the media Portrayal of important religious figures Responses and attitudes towards films which focus on religious/philosophical messages Responses and attitudes towards books and comics which focus on religious/philosophical messages

Use of the mediaUsing the media to represent Christianity To educate both Christians and non-Christians

Censorship/freedom of speechConcept of censorship and freedom of speechBeliefs and attitudes towards the portrayal of violence and sex Attitudes and responses to issues raised by freedom of speech

Key terms for the Religion and the media Topic:

censorship: preventing publication or broadcasting of something, usually because it might be offensive to otherscondone: overlook or acceptdegradation: humiliationmedia (pl., singular is medium): the means of mass communicationstereotype: a fixed, over-simplified image or view of a person or groupwatershed: the time after which programmes that are unsuitable for children are broadcast (9 p.m.)

2 Use the key questions to try and make revision cards:

Why do some Christians not approve of the media?Why do some Christians believe that it is wrong to portray

religious figures in the media?How might Christians respond to the portrayal of religion in

the media?How might Christians use the media?What is meant by censorship?What is meant by free speech?What do Christians believe about the portrayal of sex and

violence in the media?Why might some Christians choose to work for the media?How might the media help Christianity?

You could make revision flashcards to show the different views. For example, on the following issues:

What is the media?Influence of the mediaPortrayal of Christianity in the mediaUse of the media by ChristianityCensorship and freedom of speech

You could create revision flashcards to show opposing sides of a debate. Take some of the statements used for evaluation questions such as the ones below, and create one flashcard with ideas that AGREE with the statement and one that DISAGREES with the statement. This will help you to learn the key arguments.“Religious figures should never be portrayed in the media.”“All censorship is wrong.”“The media is a bad influence.”

5 You could create revision flashcards which show the main teachings of Christianity and include some teachings and quotes from Holy books. For example:

Whatever you do, work at it with all your heart, as working for the Lord, not for men. (Colossians 3:23)

That your body is a temple of the Holy Spirit, who is in you, whom you have received from God?. . . honour God with your body. (1 Corinthians 6:19, 20a)

1. AbortionNatural abortion – miscarriageProcured abortionAgainst God’s willFoetus is a personWoman’s right to choose

1. Fertility treatmentPlaying GodHelping a married coupleAID is adulteryAIH not acceptable to CatholicsCould lead to cloning

1. SuicideOnly God can choose when someone diesInsult to GodMay harm othersSelfish or brave

1. EuthanasiaPeaceful deathEnd of sufferingAgainst God’s willDifferent types of euthanasia

1. Active euthanasiaPerson wants to dieUnbearable pain and sufferingMay help relativesOpposed by the Church

1. Passive euthanasiaPerson may be in PVSNo hope of recoveryMay be the kindest thingNo need to use extraordinary means

1. AnimalsHumans and animals are both God’s creationHumans have dominion not dominationDo animals have souls?

1. Animals and medical researchMedical research may help cure diseasesAnimal suffering kept to a minimumDo humans have the right to do this?

Medical Ethics


Include:Attitudes to abortion

Different attitudes towards abortion Reasons for different attitudes

Attitudes to fertility treatmentResponses to issues raised by fertility treatment and cloning

Attitudes to euthanasia and suicideDifferent attitudes towards euthanasia Different attitudes towards suicide Reasons for different attitudes

Using animals in medical researchBeliefs about the use of animals in medical research

Key terms for the Religion and medical ethics Topic:

abortion: the deliberate termination of a human pregnancyAID: Artificial Insemination by Donor, where a sperm donor other than the husband is used for a fertility treatmentAIH: Artificial Insemination by Husband, where the husband’s sperm is used for a fertility treatmentcloning: making identical copies of a living creature by cultivating DNAdenomination: strand of Christianity, such as Baptist, Anglican, etc.euthanasia: killing a patient suffering from an incurable disease or who does not want to live but cannot kill themselves; illegal in most countriesIVF: In Vitro Fertilisation, where an egg is fertilised in laboratory conditions, then implanted in the wombsuicide: killing oneselfsacred: holy, specialsanctity: to be holy or sacred


What does Christianity teach about abortion?Why do Christians have different opinions about abortion?Why do Christians have different attitudes towards fertility treatment?Why might Christians agree with AIH but not with AID?How might Christians respond to cloning?What do Christians believe about suicide?Why do Christians have different opinions about euthanasia?What do Christians believe about fertility treatment?What do Christians believe about the use of animals in medical research?How might Christians respond if their prayers are not answered?

You could make revision flashcards to show the different views. For example, on the following issues:AbortionFertility treatment and cloningEuthanasiaSuicideUse of animals in medical research

You could create revision flashcards to show opposing sides of a debate. Take some of the statements used for evaluation questions such as the ones below, and create one flashcard with ideas that AGREE with the statement and one that DISAGREES with the statement. This will help you to learn the key arguments.

“Animals can be used for research because they are less important than humans.”“Abortion is always wrong.”“People should have the right to die when they want to.”

5 You could create revision flashcards which show the main teachings of Christianity and includes some teachings and quotes from Holy books. For example:

There is a time for everything, and a season for every activity under heaven: a time to be born and a time to die, a time to plant and a time to uproot. (Ecclesiastes 3:1–2)

For you created my inmost being: you knit me together in my mother’s womb. (Psalm 139:13)

From one man he made every nation of men that they should inhabit the whole earth; and he determined the times set for them and the exact places where they should live. (Acts 17:26)

1. EqualityPrejudiceDiscriminationPowerRace, religion, gender, age, disability

1. RacismDiscrimination usually based on colourChristian teachingsDifferent Christian attitudesChristian responses

1. SexismDiscrimination based on genderChristian teachingsDifferent Christian attitudesChristian responses

1. Other religionsChristianity is the only true faithOther religions are wrongJesus’ teachingDifferent Christian responses

1. Missionaries and evangelismDuty of Christians to convert peopleChurch teachingsMissionariesChanging role of missionaries

1. EcumenismOne ChurchMany denominationsObstacles to ecumenismEcumenical activities

1. Forgiveness and Reconciliation 1Jesus’ teaching70x7Sacrament of ReconciliationGod will forgive

1. Forgiveness and Reconciliation 2Jesus’ death as reconciliationForgiveness from original sinNeed to repentIs there any sin which cannot be forgiven?

Equality


Include:Principle of equality

Biblical teaching about equality Attitudes towards racism

Different views about prejudice and equality in relation to race Practices in relation to racism

Attitudes towards genderDifferent views about prejudice and equality in relation to gender The role of women in Christian society

Attitudes towards other religions with reference to: Missionary work Evangelism Ecumenism

Forgiveness and reconciliationBeliefs about forgiveness Impact of beliefs about forgiveness on believers Beliefs about reconciliation Impact of beliefs about reconciliation on believers

Key terms for the Religion and equality Topic:

discrimination: unjust or prejudicial treatment because of race, age or genderecumenical movement: people who work to improve understanding between Christian groupsequality: treating people as equals regardless of gender, race or religious beliefsEucharist: the Christian ceremony commemorating the Last Supper, in which bread and wine are consecrated and consumedevangelism: persuading others to share your faithinterfaith dialogue: discussions and work to help understanding between different faithsNoachide code: seven commandments given to Noah by G-d after the floodordination: the process by which individuals are consecrated, or set apart, as clergy to perform various religious rites and ceremoniesprejudice: making judgments not based on reason or actual experienceproselytising: trying to convert people to ones own religionracism: prejudice, discrimination or ill treatment against someone because of their racereconciliation: restoring friendly relationsrepentance: sincere regret or remorse from one’s actionssexism: prejudice, stereotyping or discrimination, typically against women, on the basis of sex


What does Christianity teach about equality?Why do some Christians believe that not everyone is equal?How might Christians respond to racism?How might Christians respond to sexism?What do Christians believe about other religions?What do Christians believe about missionary work and evangelism?Why do some Christians believe that ecumenism is very important?What do Christians believe about reconciliation?What do Christians believe about forgiveness?

3 You could make revision flashcards to show the different views. For example, on the following issues:

Principle of equalityAttitudes towards racismAttitudes towards genderAttitudes towards other religionsForgiveness and reconciliation

4 You could create revision flashcards to show opposing sides of a debate. Take some of the statements used for evaluation questions such as the ones below, and create one flashcard with ideas that AGREE with the statement and one that DISAGREES with the statement. This will help you to learn the key arguments.

“Inequality is always wrong.”“Christians must bring everyone to their faith.”“All Christians should worship together.”

You could create revision flashcards which show the main teachings of Christianity and includes some teachings and quotes from Holy books. For example:‘Love your neighbour as yourself’ (Luke 10:27b).There is neither Jew nor Greek, slave nor free, male nor female, for you are all one in Christ Jesus. (Galatians 3:28)My brothers, as believers in our glorious Lord Jesus Christ, don’t show favouritism. (James 2:1)Then Peter began to speak: ‘I now realise how true it is that God does not show favouritism but accepts men from every nation who fear him and do what is right.’ (Acts 10:34–35)Then the eleven disciples went to Galilee, to the mountain where Jesus had told them to go. When they saw him, they worshipped him; but some doubted. Then Jesus came to them and said, ‘All authority in heaven and on earth has been given to me. Therefore go and make disciples of all nations, baptising them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit, and teaching them to obey everything I have commanded you.’ (Matthew 28:16–20a)Jesus answered: ‘I am the way and the truth and the life. No one comes to the Father except by me.’ (John 14:6)Forgive us our sins, for we also forgive everyone who sins against us. (Luke 11:4a)

Documents

Ethics Papers 1 & 2 Revision Making Revision Flash cards