Ethics in the Government Service

Ethics in the

Government

Service

ETHICS the moral principles the moral principles which determine the which determine the

rightness or rightness or wrongness of wrongness of

particular acts or particular acts or activities.activities.

ETHICS is the distinction we make between Right and Wrong,

Good and Evil in relation to actions, intentions or character.

is deciding is deciding what is RIGHT what is RIGHT and doing itand doing it

ETHICSETHICS

ETHICS is equated with: Good Governance: It requires

us to decide what is good.Public Service Ethics:

Requires us to give quality service to the public.

Standards, Rules, Morals - ETHICS is the “science of human duty”.

ETHICS OF GOVERNANCEETHICS OF GOVERNANCEGood Governance is characterized with:Good Governance is characterized with:

AccountabilityAccountabilityTransparencyTransparencyParticipation Participation Non-DiscriminationNon-DiscriminationResponsiveness Responsiveness Poverty AlleviationPoverty Alleviation

ParticipationParticipationRule of LawRule of LawTransparencyTransparencyResponsivenessResponsivenessConsensus OrientationConsensus OrientationEquityEquityEffectiveness and EfficiencyEffectiveness and EfficiencyAccountabilityAccountability

ETHICS OF GOVERNANCEETHICS OF GOVERNANCE(According to UNDP as cited by Cariño)(According to UNDP as cited by Cariño)

Ethical BasesEthical BasesRULES RULES RESULTS RESULTS RELATIONSHIPS RELATIONSHIPS TRADITION TRADITION

RULES as an Ethical RULES as an Ethical BasisBasis

We believe in them as We believe in them as coming by divine revelation.coming by divine revelation. With authority or of our With authority or of our

community.community.

RESULTS as an Ethical RESULTS as an Ethical BasisBasis

The utilitarian principle focuses our The utilitarian principle focuses our attention on results or the attention on results or the consequences of our actions. It has consequences of our actions. It has been expressed traditionally as been expressed traditionally as “Seeking the Greatest Good for the “Seeking the Greatest Good for the Greatest Number”Greatest Number”

RELATIONSHIPS as an RELATIONSHIPS as an Ethical Basis Ethical Basis

Confucius’ “Golden Rule” of caring: Confucius’ “Golden Rule” of caring: “Do not do to others what you “Do not do to others what you

would not have them do to you”.would not have them do to you”.Jesus Christ’s expression of LOVE: Jesus Christ’s expression of LOVE:

“In everything, do to others as you “In everything, do to others as you would have them do to you”.would have them do to you”.

TRADITION as an TRADITION as an Ethical BasisEthical Basis

Traditional EthicsTraditional Ethics – the ethics of – the ethics of earlier generations that is based earlier generations that is based on tradition. It is right to act in on tradition. It is right to act in certain way because that is what it certain way because that is what it has always been done.has always been done.

Section 1, Article XI, 1987 ConstitutionSection 1, Article XI, 1987 Constitution – – Public Public Office is a Public Trust.Office is a Public Trust. Public Officials and Public Officials and employees must at all times serve the people with employees must at all times serve the people with utmost responsibility, integrity, loyalty and utmost responsibility, integrity, loyalty and efficiency, act with patriotism and justice, and lead efficiency, act with patriotism and justice, and lead modest lives.”modest lives.”

Section 28, Article II, 1987 ConstitutionSection 28, Article II, 1987 Constitution – The State – The State shall maintain honesty and integrity in the public shall maintain honesty and integrity in the public service and take positive and effective measures service and take positive and effective measures against graft and corruption.against graft and corruption.


RA 3019RA 3019 ““Anti-Graft and Corrupt Anti-Graft and Corrupt

Practices Act”Practices Act” (Anti-Graft Law) (Anti-Graft Law) enacted in 1861enacted in 1861


Graft is defined as “the acquisition of gain or advantage by dishonest, unfair or sordid means,

especially through the use of one’s position or influence in politics,

business, etc.”(People vs. Bernales, September 3, 1968)

Graft and corruption is an act or omission involving breach of the rules of decency, honesty and efficiency, for the purpose of obtaining undue advantage at the expense of the government-owned resources. In our legal system, graft and corruption is basically a crime.

BALDRIAS, Napoleon S. “The LegalImplications of Graft and Corruption”

Corruption is “an act done with an intent to give some advantage inconsistent with official duty and the rights of others. It includes bribery, but it is more comprehensive, because an act may be corruptly done through the advantage to be delivered from it be not offered by another.” (Magallanes vs. Provincial Board, 66 O.G. 7839)

Corruption is the perversion or destruction of integrity of fidelity in discharging public duties and responsibilities by bribery or favor. It entails the use of public power for private advantage in ways which transgresses some formal rule of law. (Tendero)

RA 6713RA 6713 ““Code of Conduct and Ethical Code of Conduct and Ethical

Standards for Public Officials and Standards for Public Officials and Employees”Employees”

signed into law by signed into law by then President Corazon C. Aquino then President Corazon C. Aquino

on February 20, 1989on February 20, 1989


RA 6713Rule X. Grounds For Administrative

Disciplinary ActionDirectly or indirectly having financial and material interest in any transaction requiring the approval of his office.

RA 6713Owning, controlling, managing or accepting employment as officer, employee, consultant, counsel, broker, agent, trustee, or nominee in any private enterprise regulated, supervised or licensed by his office, unless expressly allowed by law.

RA 6713Engaging in the private practice of his profession unless authorized by the Constitution, law or regulation, provided that such practice will not conflict or tend to conflict with his officials functions.

RA 6713Recommending any person to any position in a private enterprise which has a regular or pending official transaction with his office.

RA 6713Soliciting or accepting, directly or

indirectly, any gift, gratuity, favor, entertainment, loan or anything of monetary value which in the course of his official duties or in connection with any operation being regulated by, or any transaction which may be affected by the function of his office.

RA 6713

Unfair discrimination in rendering public service due to party affiliation.

RA 6713Disloyalty to the Republic of the Philippines and to the Filipino people.

Failure to act promptly on letters and requests within 15 working days from receipt, except as otherwise provided in these Rules.

Failure to attend to anyone who wants to avail himself of the services of the office or to act promptly and expeditiously on public personal transactions.

Failure to file sworn statements of assets, liabilities and networth, and disclosure of business interests and financial connections.

RA 6713

RA 9485RA 9485 ““Anti-Red Tape Act of 2007”Anti-Red Tape Act of 2007”

signed into law by signed into law by Pres. Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo Pres. Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo

on June 02, 2007on June 02, 2007


ViolationsViolationsRefusal to accept application and/or request Refusal to accept application and/or request

within the prescribed period or any within the prescribed period or any document being submitted by a client.document being submitted by a client.

Failure to act on an application and/or Failure to act on an application and/or request or failure to refer back to the client request or failure to refer back to the client a request which cannot be acted upon due a request which cannot be acted upon due to lack of requirement/s within the to lack of requirement/s within the prescribed period.prescribed period.

Failure to attend to clients who are Failure to attend to clients who are within the premises of the office or within the premises of the office or agency concerned prior to the end of agency concerned prior to the end of official working hours and during lunch official working hours and during lunch break.break.

Failure to render frontline services Failure to render frontline services within the prescribed period on any within the prescribed period on any application and/or request without due application and/or request without due cause.cause.

ViolationsViolations

Failure to give the client a written notice Failure to give the client a written notice on the disapproval of an application or on the disapproval of an application or requests.requests.

Imposition of additional irrelevant Imposition of additional irrelevant requirements other listed in the first requirements other listed in the first notice.notice.


Grave OffenseGrave OffenseFixing and/or collusion with fixers in Fixing and/or collusion with fixers in

consideration of economic and/or other consideration of economic and/or other gain or advantage.gain or advantage.


Rule X. Grounds For Administrative Disciplinary Action Directly or indirectly having financial and material

interest in any transaction requiring the approval of his office.

RED TAPERED TAPEInaction/No ActionInaction/No ActionSlow ActionSlow ActionInappropriate/Wrong Inappropriate/Wrong

ActionActionInadequate/Insufficient Inadequate/Insufficient

ActionAction

RED TAPERED TAPEServices that are:Services that are:

Not deliveredNot deliveredMis deliveredMis deliveredUnder deliveredUnder deliveredPoorly deliveredPoorly delivered

UNLAWFUL ACTSUNLAWFUL ACTSRA 3019RA 3019

Graft and CorruptionGraft and CorruptionMalversationMalversation

RA 6713RA 6713Pecuniary interestPecuniary interestConflict of interestConflict of interestNepotismNepotism

Graft and Corruption

Dishonesty Falsification of Documents Misconduct Conduct Prejudicial to the Best Interest of the Service

Violations of the Code of Conduct

Criminal Administrative

Administrative

Administrative

Sandiganbayan PAGC Ombudsman

Ombudsman Civil Service Commission Concerned Agency

Ombudsman Civil Service Commission

Violations of the Anti-Red Tape Act

Criminal Administrative

Ombudsman Civil Service Commission

NATURE OF OFFENSEOFFENSES JURISDICTION

Not all things that are Legal are Moral !

UNETHICAL BEHAVIOR UNETHICAL BEHAVIOR is not necessarily is not necessarily

illegal but illegal but nevertheless is nevertheless is

contrary to what is contrary to what is RIGHT and doing RIGHT and doing WHAT WHAT

IS NOT RIGHTIS NOT RIGHT

•Disservice to the Government and the People

•Bad Image of the Government

Unethical Behavior

•Yields Adverse Results•Violates the Norms of

Relationships and Traditions

DI BAWAL, DI BAWAL, PERO DI DAPAT !PERO DI DAPAT !

DI BAWAL, PERO DI DI BAWAL, PERO DI DAPATDAPAT

PADRINO SYSTEM

DI BAWAL , PERO DI DI BAWAL , PERO DI DAPATDAPAT

KAMAG-ANAK SYSTEM

WASTAGE OF OFFICE SUPPLIES AND

EQUIPMENT

DI BAWAL, PERO DI DAPATDI BAWAL, PERO DI DAPAT


Engaging in group discussion while clients are kept

waiting


Telebabad

DI BAWAL , PERO DI DI BAWAL , PERO DI DAPATDAPAT

Too Much Texting

During Office Hours

Reading newspaper

during office hours



LOAFING

Improper or Inappropriat

e Attire


CLOCK-WATCHING


EXTENDED

BREAK

DI BAWAL, PERO DI DAPAT

GOING OUT OF THE OFFICE

WITHOUT PERMISSION


Graft andCorruption

Dishonesty Falsification of DocumentsMisconductConduct Prejudicial to the Best Interest of the Service

Violations of the Code of Conduct

Violations of the Anti-Red Tape Act

Wide gap between rich and poor People’s needs are denied Loss of Peoples’ Trust Bad Image of the Government

Disservice to the Government and the People Loss of Peoples’ Trust Bad Image of the Government

Violations/Offenses Result/Effect

DEHUMANI

ZING

SITUA

TIONS

Outcome

UnethicalBehavior

Dehumanizing Situations

StructureStructuress

EconomicEconomic

PoliticalPolitical

Socio-Socio-CulturalCultural

Commerce w/out morality

Politics w/out principle Knowledge w/out character

Worship w/out sacrifice Culture w/out spirit

Wealth w/out work

Leisure w/out conscience

Science w/out humanity

Dehumanizing Situations

Rob a person of his/her dignity. Diminish his/her worth as a person.

Destroy his/her total being.

It’s the CHOICES that make us who we are. And we can always choose to

do what’s right.- Peter Parker

“Spiderman 3”

Every officials of the government, even the most modest, has a job to

perform and is as much in duty bound to perform that job well as

those occupying higher positions. In our effort to give the people the best government that there is, we have to have everybody do his job, including the Clerk, the policeman – everybody

in the service. Everyone of them should do his best because a

government cannot be a government of higher officials only.Pres. Manuel L. Quezon