RESEARCH APTITUDE

CHAPTER-3

FOR:UGC- NET/JRF

PAPER-1

Ethics in Research “WHAT IS IT ?”:

• Ethics are norms for conduct that distinguish between acceptable and unacceptable behaviour.

• Research ethics provides guidelines for the responsible conduct of research.

• Eg. Whether to indulge into false responses to increase sample or not.

Importance of Ethics in Research “WHY IS IT?”vPromotes values such as honesty, truth, and avoidance of mistakes.

-Eg. prohibitions against plagiarism, falsifying etc

v Involves cooperation and coordination among many different people and Institutions.

- Eg. Most researchers want to receive credit for their contributions and do not want to have their

ideas stolen.

vResearchers could be held accountable.

- Eg. federal policies on research misconduct, conflicts of interest.

vHelps to build public support for research.

- Eg. People fund research which are integral and can be trusted upon.

vIt promotes a variety of other important moral and social values, such as social responsibility, human

rights, animal welfare etc.

Ethical Issues at all Stages of Research “Tell me more ? ”

• Should not be influenced by personal motives or biasedness.Problem Definition

• Researcher should receive complete information about the problem or the topic.

Developing approach to the problem

• The most appropriate and suited research design as well as the sample design shall be chosen.Research Design Formulation

• No fabrication of data or false data shall be generated to increase the sample size.Data Collection

• Proper tools and tests shall be used and the editing and cleaning of the data shall be done for better research.

Analysis of Data

• The report shall be presented in most objective manner and should be free from plagiarism and concealment.

Report Writing

Ethical Issues in Data Collection

ØDeceptions – When the respondents have revealed the truth only partially or when the truth is fully hidden, then it is called deception.

ØInformed Consent – The procedures of proposed study or other research designs should be fully disclosed to the respondents and for what and how the data will be used.

ØRight to Confidentiality – It means that the researcher must not disclose any data which may lead to participant identification without consent of participant.

ØRight to Privacy – It means a participant can refuse to take part in research or refuse to answer specific questions in an interview.