Current as of 2/2/12

Course: “Ethics in International Relations”

MSFS-600-02

Thursday 9:30am-12:00pm Master of Science in Foreign ServiceGeorgetown University Main CampusNew South M34B

Professor: Amb. Mark P. Lagon, Ph.D. Email: lagonm@georgetown.edu Phone: 202-687-8417 (office), 202-689-4492 (cell)

Office Hours: ICC 805, Wednesdays 10:00-11:30am and Thursdays 3:00-4:30pm

Scope and Purpose: This course is designed and required for students in the MSFS International Relations and Security Concentration to take at some time before they receive their degree. It addresses ethical dilemmas arising careers in the public, private, and nonprofit sectors. More than focusing primarily on abstract morality or philosophy, its premise is that in these sectors there are every-day ethics involved in decision-making, choosing between values, and weighing priorities and tradeoffs. Decision-making on both ends (such as peace, profit, or pluralism) and means to achieve them (such as coercion, cooperation, conciliation, and commerce) involve ethical reasoning. The course will offer frameworks as decision-making tools, including those drawn from natural, national, and international law, yet will emphasize discussion of specific issues and cases. It will focus on key problems as mass atrocities, dealing with illiberal governments, forms of slavery, gender justice and opportunity, poverty and hunger, corporate responsibility, and public health. It will explore choice of means, such as military force, counterterrorism measures, economic sanctions, use of contractors rather than public institutions, compromise, and constructive partisanship, as well as dissent and resignation in professional settings.

Course Objectives & Skill Acquisition: In a flagship graduate program devoted to preparing for leadership and service in the world, this course will heighten skills in critical and normative thinking. Distinct from description, explanation, and prediction as modes of analysis, normative thinking is prescriptive analysis about desirable outcomes, and ways professional decisions can advance or hinder them. The course will seek to hone decision-making judgment – something which will endure through the morphing of world affairs and landscape of careers in a student’s lifetime. The course will build skills of concise, effective written and oral argumentation based on ethical reasoning through (1) a largely Socratic-method style of class sessions, (2) students critically commenting on readings in class when questioned and volunteering views, and (3) concise papers applying readings to scenarios, available for classmates to see on Blackboard.

Course Requirements/Grading: This course involves a variety of ways to be evaluated – in order to improve in different forms of communication, and to offer some fairness by accounting for those who excel in one form of communication rather than another.

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In-Class Participation – 30%. This is a small class permitting rich discussion. Also, the course has a substantial amount of reading on which the instructor will engage students with questions by Socratic method, with the expectation they have read it on time and with thought. Advice: try to enjoy the exercise, designed to sharpen oral argumentation. Be assured, humiliation will not be applied for flubbing.

5 Short Papers – each 8%. In several sessions, half the students in the class on an alternating basis will write 2-3 page memos (500-750 words maximum) -- double-spaced in 12-point font. They must apply a Required Reading or a Recommended Reading of their choice to address 1 of 2 very brief scenarios posted on Blackboard at least 5 days before the pertinent session. Memos should weigh competing values in a decision. How well rather than what position one argues will be the basis of grades. Students are required to post their papers by 8:00pm the day before the class session on the course’s Blackboard Discussion Board, for others to see. You are also required to bring a hardcopy of the paper to class to hand in. Students are required to at least once choose to write about 1 of the Recommended Readings which intrigues them.

To ease into this exercise, the whole class will write the first paper, and it will be due 6 days after Class #2. Thereafter, papers will be due before a session (4 more for each student).

Final Examination – 30%. There will be a take-home exam with a limited time period to complete it, to assess what you have absorbed from the whole course and can integrate. On given scenarios you can select from, you will write 3 memos to a fictitional boss of no more than 500 words each (requiring you to be even more succinct than on the 5 papers).

During the semester I will give grades with numbers out of 100. (For instance, 80 will be low B-, 82 a high B-, 83 a low B, 86 a high B, 87 a low B+, 89 a high B+, and so on.) The MSFS has agreed upon a general standard for distribution of final course grades to establish expectations and fairness, as follows:

20% A30% A-30% B+20% B and below

In any class of 18 or fewer students, final grades cannot precisely break down this way, but they will approximately reflect this distribution.

Required Readings: The following 8 books are among Required Readings, and are available for purchase at the Georgetown University Bookstore, and on reserve at Lauinger Library:

Jack L. Goldsmith, The Terror Presidency: Law and Judgment Inside the Bush Administration

Stefan A. Halper, The Beijing Consensus: How China's Authoritarian Model Will Dominate the Twenty-First Century

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Nicholas D. Kristof and Sheryl WuDunn, Half the Sky: Turning Oppression into Opportunity for Women Worldwide

Terry Nardin and David R. Mapel (eds.), Traditions of International Ethics

Samantha Power, A Problem from Hell: America and the Age of Genocide

John Rawls, The Law of Peoples

Allison Stanger, One Nation Under Contract: The Outsourcing of American Power and the Future of Foreign Policy

Michael Walzer, Just And Unjust Wars: A Moral Argument With Historical Illustrations

Reading assignments for each session are listed in the Course Schedule below. (Note that there is reading for the very first session.) There are additional readings beyond the books above, as indicated below -- all available on-line or on Blackboard. Absorbing the main themes (not minutiae) of all readings by the class session is a basic expectation.

Recommended readings are listed for each session. One can be used in a paper if it appears intriguing, yet otherwise these are only suggestions for additional reading, most likely after the course.

Course Schedule:

Note: We will schedule an evening screening over pizza in April of the film “Invictus.”

Class 1 – Thurs. Jan. 12 Topic: Introduction and Frameworks for Decision-Making

1. Course Overview and Requirements; Syllabus Walk-Through2. Ethics of Ends and of Means3. Illustrative Discussion of South Africa: Violent Resistance, Business Engagement, Sanctions, Accountability, Reconciliation, HIV/AIDS, Zimbabwe4. Philosophical Traditions: Skepticism and Hope about Perfection of Humankind

Readings:Required (come prepared to discuss): Nardin/Mapel, Chapter 1, 4, 5, 9, 12-14 Sohail Hashmi, “The Islamic View of International Ethics,” David R. Mapel and

Terry Nardin (eds.), International Society: Diverse Ethical Perspectives [Posted on Blackboard.]

Cho-yun Hsu, “Applying Confucian Ethics to International Relations,” Ethics and International Affairs Volume 5 (1991) (find on-line at www.nyu.edu/classes/gmoran/CONFUCIAN.pdf).

Reference/Recommended: Strongly recommended as a reference: Thomas L. Pangle and Peter J. Ahrensdorf,

Justice Among Nations, all but Chapters 4 and 6 [On reserve at Lauinger Library] Charles Beitz, Political Theory and International Relations

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Hedley Bull, The Anarchical Society. Richard W. Miller, Globalizing Justice: The Ethics of Poverty and Power

Class 2 – Thurs. Jan. 19Topic: Poverty and International Assistance

1. Legal Traditions: Natural, National, and International2. Utilitarian and Rawlsian “Original Position” Visions, and Options in Between3. Poverty and Hunger Alleviation as an End4. How Poverty Links to Rights and Rule of Law5. Foreign Aid as a Means6. The Role of NGOs and UN agencies

Readings:Required: 2 short scenarios posted on Blackboard by 1 day in advance of class (as a paper

is not due until Jan. 25, given the abnormally heavy reading). John Rawls, The Law of Peoples, Sections 1-4, 6-12, 15-18 Nardin/Mapel, Chapters 2, 3, 6, 8, and 11 Gary Haugen and Victor Boutros, “And Justice for All” in Foreign Affairs, May-

June 2010 [Posted on Blackboard.] Skim: Irene Khan, The Unheard Truth, Chapters 1 (pp. 1-17 only), 4, 5, and 9

[Posted on Blackboard.] Jagdish Bhagwati, “Banned Aid: Why International Assistance Does Not Alleviate

Poverty,” Foreign Affairs Vol. 89, No. 1 (January/February 2010) (read on-line at www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/65905/jagdish-bhagwati/banned-aid)

Leif Wenar, “Accountability in International Development Aid,” Ethics and International Affairs 20:1 (Spring 2006) [Posted on Blackboard.]

Reference/Recommended: Strongly recommended: Robert George, “Natural Law,” in David R. Mapel and Terry

Nardin (eds.), International Society: Diverse Ethical Perspectives [Posted on Blackboard.]

Hedley Bull, “Natural Law and International Relations,” British Journal of International Studies (1979) 171-181 (find on-line at http://www.jstor.org/pss/20096861).

As a reference: Chris Brown, Terry Nardin and Nicholas Rengger (eds.), International Relations in Political Thought: Texts from the Ancient Greeks to the First World War

Myres S. McDougal, W. Michael Reisman, and Burns H. Weston, Toward World Order and Human Dignity

Martti Koskenniemi, “Miserable Comforters: International Relations as New Natural Law,” European Journal of International Relations Vol. 15, No. 3 (2009).

John Ruggie, “What Makes the World Hang Together: Neo-Utilitarianism and the Social Constructivist Challenge,” International Organization (Autumn 1998) (find on-line at www.jstor.org/stable/pdfplus/2601360.pdf?acceptTC=true)

Strongly recommended: Thomas Pogge, “World Poverty and Human Rights” Ethics and International Affairs 19:1 (Spring 2005) [Posted on Blackboard.]

Strongly recommended: Mathias Risse, “Do We Owe the Global Poor Assistance or Rectification?,” Ethics and International Affairs 19:1 (Spring 2005) [Posted on Blackboard.]

Ethan Kapstein, “Models of Economic Justice,” Ethics and International Affairs 18:2 (Fall 2004) [Posted on Blackboard.]

Paul Collier, The Bottom Billion: Why the Poorest Countries are Failing and What Can Be Done About It, Chapters 1-6 [Posted on Blackboard.]

Dambisa Moyo, Dead Aid: Why Aid Is Not Working and How There Is a Better Way for Africa

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Nancy Birdsall, “Do No Harm: Aid, Weak Institutions and the Missing Middle in Africa,” Development Policy Review, Vol. 25, Issue 5 (Sep. 2007), pp. 575-98.

Jagdish Bhagwati, In Defense of Globalization Amartya Sen, Development as Freedom Robert Packenham, Liberal America and the Third World: Political Development Ideas in

Foreign Aid and Social Science David Halloran Lumsdaine, Moral Vision in International Politics: The Foreign Aid

Regime, 1949-1989 Roger C. Riddell, Does Foreign Aid Really Work?, Chapters 8, 9, and 20. Hernando de Soto, The Other Path: The Economic Answer to Terrorism Franz Fanon, The Wretched of the Earth William Twining (ed.), Human Rights, Southern Voices

Assignment: Due by 5pm Jan. 25, posted on Blackboard and slipped under my door in ICC

805, the whole class will: write a 500-750 word maximum double-spaced memo on 1 of the given scenarios, applying a reading (Required or Recommended).

Thurs. Jan. 26 – No class due to New York trip for First Year MSFS students

Class 3 – Thurs. Feb. 2Topic: Gender Justice and Opportunity

1. Empowering Women and Girls2. Violence Against Women3. Sexual Violence as a Political Weapon4. Sex Trafficking[Pick in class from which region you will read 5 countries’ profile in 2011 Department of State Trafficking in Persons Report for the next session.]

Readings:Required: Kristof/WuDunn book Skim: Catharine A. MacKinnon, “Trafficking, Prostitution, and Inequality,”

Harvard Civil Rights-Civil Liberties Law Review, Volume 46, pp. 271-309 (find on-line at http://www.prostitutionresearch.com/laws/000316.html).

“Electing to Rape: Sexual Terror in Mugabe’s Zimbabwe,” Paper of AIDS-Free World (find on-line at www.dlapiper.com/files/upload/Zim_Report_Final.pdf)

Reference/Recommended: Aristophanes, Lysistrata (ancient Greek play) Catharine A. MacKinnon, Are Women Human? And Other International Dialogues Isobel Coleman, Paradise Beneath Her Feet Nicholas Eberstadt, “Global War Against Baby Girls,” The New Atlantis, Fall 2011, pp.3-

18 (find on-line at http://www.thenewatlantis.com/docLib/20111214_TNA33Eberstadt.pdf Lydia Cacho, Esclavas Del Poder: Un Viaje Al Corazon De La Trata Sexual De Mujeres

Y Ninas En El Mundo [Slaves of Power: A Journey into Sex Trafficking of Women and Girls Around the World] (available only in Spanish).

Siddharth Kara, Sex Trafficking.

Assignment: No paper due, given New York trip and recent paper.

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Class 4 – Thurs. Feb. 9Topic: Slavery Then and Now

1. Slavery of the Past: Lessons from the British—Legal and Military Means2. Supply and Demand in Human and Drug Trafficking3. Human Trafficking: For Sexual and Labor Exploitation4. Ethics of International Migration

Readings:Required: • 2 short scenarios posted on Blackboard by 5 days in advance of class. Annual Department of State Trafficking in Persons Report (read on-line at

http://www.state.gov/j/tip/rls/tiprpt/2011/index.htm) – Choosing 1 region of the world you indicate during Class 3, read 5 country narratives from the region; and also closely read the “Introductory Material” and “Relevant International Conventions and Closing Material” before and after the country-by-country narratives.

Mark P. Lagon “Trafficking and Human Dignity” in Policy Review [Posted on Blackboard, or read on-line at www.hoover.org/publications/policyreview/35561684.html]

Khalid Koser, "Why Migration Matters,” Current History (April 2009). [Posted on Blackboard.]

Joseph H. Carens, “The Rights of Irregular Migrants,” Ethics and International Affairs 22:2 (Summer 2008) [Posted on Blackboard.]

Reference/Recommended: Hugh Thomas, The Slave Trade Bernard Edwards, Royal Navy Versus The Slave Traders: Enforcing Abolition at Sea

1808-1898 Eric Metaxas, Amazing Grace: William Wilberforce and the Heroic Campaign to End

Slavery Isabel Allende, Island Beneath the Sea (novel about slavery in Haiti) Kevin Bales, Ending Slavery: How We Free Today's Slaves Lydia Cacho, Esclavas Del Poder: Un Viaje Al Corazon De La Trata Sexual De Mujeres

Y Ninas En El Mundo [Slaves of Power: A Journey into Sex Trafficking of Women and Girls Around the World] (available only in Spanish).

Siddharth Kara, Sex Trafficking. Jason L. Riley, Let Them In: The Case for Open Borders Mathias Risse, “On the Morality of Immigration,” Ethics and International Affairs 22:1

(Spring 2008) [Posted on Blackboard.] Joseph H. Carens, “Who Should Get In? The Ethics of Immigration Admissions,” Ethics

and International Affairs 17:1 (Spring 2003) [Posted on Blackboard.]

Assignment: Ist half of the class alphabetically: write a 500-750 word maximum double-spaced

memo on 1 of the given scenarios, applying a reading (Required or Recommended).

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Class 5 – Thurs. Feb. 16Topic: Human Dignity—Addressing Human Trafficking & Global Health Pandemics[Guest lecture by Dr. Mark Dybul of the Georgetown Law Center for first 90 minutes of session.]

1. Global Health2. HIV/AIDS:

PEPFAR; Its Interaction with Individual Nations’ Efforts; Moral Dilemmas of Drug IPR and Sustained Aid; Good Will Derived from PEPFAR

3. Ethical Means for Addressing Trafficking: Exemplar, Shaming, Helping Hand4. Rethinking “Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights”: Human Dignity Issues5. Does Kant Matter to International Relations Today? 6. Does Democracy Benefit Peace and Development?

Readings:Required: • 2 short scenarios posted on Blackboard by 5 days in advance of class. George W. Bush, Decision Points, pp.333-354 [Posted on Blackboard.] John W. Dietrich, “The Politics of PEPFAR: The President’s Emergency Plan for

AIDS Relief,” Ethics and International Affairs 21:3 (Fall 2007) [Posted on Blackboard.]

U.S. Government Accountability Office, “President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief,” (find on-line http://www.gao.gov/new.items/d10836.pdf).

• John Rawls, The Law of Peoples, Section 5• Nardin/Mapel, Chapter 7[See below: video item required to view.]

Reference/Recommended: Strongly recommended: John Tedstrom, “The Global HIV/AIDS Crisis,” in Derek Chollet

and Samantha Power (eds.), The Unquiet American, pp.264-273 Paul Farmer, Haun Saussy, and Tracy Kidder, Partner to the Poor: A Paul Farmer

Reader Mark P. Lagon, “The Global Abolition of Human Trafficking,” Georgetown Journal of

International Affairs (Winter-Spring 2011), pp.89-98. [Posted on Blackboard.]

Assignments: Watch and be prepared to discuss 12-minute CBS News “60 Minutes,” segment

on fighting HIV/AIDS in Uganda, originally airing April 4, 2010 (find on line at www.cbsnews.com/video/watch/?id=6362538n&tag=contentMain;contentBody)

2nd half of the class alphabetically: write a 500-750 word maximum double-spaced memo on 1 of the given scenarios, applying a reading (Required or Recommended).

Class 6 – Thurs. Feb. 23Topic: Dilemmas of Democracy and Sovereignty, and Dealing with Dictatorships

1. Should the International Community Promote Democracy? 2. How Can Democracy Be Promoted Ethically?3. How Realistic is Realpolitik?4. Promoting Liberalization of Autocracies vs. Dealing with “Friendly Tyrants”5. World Powers and Strings: The U.S. and China as Patrons6. Diplomacy, Business, and Humanitarian Affairs dealing with Dictatorships

Readings:

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Required: • 2 short scenarios posted on Blackboard by 5 days in advance of class. A Diplomat’s Handbook for Democracy Development Support (read on-line at

www.diplomatshandbook.org/pdf/Diplomats_Handbook.pdf)--Skim Chapters 2-3, and read Cases Studies of South Africa, Chile, Belarus, Burma, and Zimbabwe.

Halper book Jacob Heillbrunn, “Apologists Without Remorse: American Conservatives on

South Africa,” The American Prospect (January 1, 1998) (find on-line at www.prospect.org/cs/articles?articleId=4751).

Skim: Nancy Birdsall, Augusto de la Torre, and Felipe Valencia Caicedo, “The Washington Consensus: Assessing a Damaged Brand,” Center for Global Development Working Paper 213 (find on-line at http://www.cgdev.org/content/publications/detail/1424155).

Reference/Recommended: Pangle and Ahrensdorf, Justice Among Nations, Chapter 6 [On reserve at Lauinger] James Traub, The Freedom Agenda: Why America Must Spread Democracy (Just Not

the Way George Bush Did) Morton H. Halperin, Joseph T. Siegle, and Michael M. Weinstein The Democracy

Advantage, Revised Edition: How Democracies Promote Prosperity and Peace Michael E. Brown, Sean M. Lynn-Jones, and Steven E. Miller (eds), Debating the

Debating the Democratic Peace (International Security Reader) Michael McFaul, Advancing Democracy Abroad: Why We Should & How We Can Marc F. Plattner, “Sovereignty and Democracy” in Policy Review (find on-line at

www.hoover.org/publications/policyreview/3446091.html) Mark P. Lagon and David Shorr, “How to Keep from Overselling or Underestimating the

United Nations,” Stanley Foundation Paper (March 2007) (find on-line at www.stanleyfoundation.org/publications/other/lagon_shorr_07.pdf).

Peter Ackerman and Jack Duvall, A Force More Powerful Dambisa Moyo, Dead Aid: Why Aid Is Not Working and How There Is a Better Way for

Africa, Chapter 7 on China’s investment in Africa.

Assignment: 1st half of the class alphabetically: write a 500-750 word maximum double-

spaced memo on 1 of the given scenarios, applying a reading (Required or Recommended).

Class 7 – Thurs. Mar. 1Topic: ‘Business As Usual?’ Part I: Sanctions and Engagement

1. Economic Sanctions as Alternative to War 2. Sanctions: Justified Disruption of Business or Unjustified Collateral Damage3. Corporate Social Responsibility: Human Rights Norms for Business4. Economic Engagement: The Case of China, and Google in Particular

Readings:Required: • 2 short scenarios posted on Blackboard by 5 days in advance of class. Peterson Institute Case Studies in Sanctions and Terrorism #85-1 on South

Africa (find on line and read all associated links on Chronology, Goals, Responses, Other Countries, Legal Notes, Economic Impact, and Assessment at www.petersoninstitute.org/research/topics/sanctions/southafrica.cfm).

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Audie Klotz, “Transforming a Pariah State: International Dimensions of the South Africa Transition,” Africa Today (Winter-Spring 1995) [Posted on Blackboard.]

Peterson Institute Case Studies in Sanctions and Terrorism #90-1 on Iraq (find on line and read all associated links on Chronology, Goals, Responses, Other Countries, Legal Notes, Economic Impact, and Assessment at www.piie.com/research/topics/sanctions/iraq.cfm).

Joy Gordon, “Cool War: Economic Sanctions as a Weapon of Mass Destruction,” Harper’s, November 2002 (find on line at www.harpers.org/archive/2002/11/0079384).

Skim: John Ruggie, Report of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on the Issue of Human Rights and Transnational Corporations and Other Business Enterprises, “Implementing the United Nations ‘Protect, Respect and Remedy’ Framework, March 21, 2011. (Find on-line at http://www.ohchr.org/documents/issues/business/A.HRC.17.31.pdf and also the UN press release on it at http://www.unog.ch/unog/website/news_media.nsf/%28httpNewsByYear_en%29/3D7F902244B36DCEC12578B10056A48F?OpenDocument.)

Skim: Chapter 8 of Irene Khan, The Unheard Truth [Posted on Blackboard.] Tom Malinowski, (read on-line at www.hrw.org/en/news/2006/01/31/us-put-

pressure-internet-companies-uphold-freedom-expression) Rebecca MacKinnon, “Google Gets on the Right Side of History,” Wall Street

Journal (January 13, 2010) [Posted on Blackboard.]

Reference/Recommended: David J. Kramer and Damon Wilson, “When Sanctions Work: The Belarus Buckle,” The

American Interest Vol.6, No. 2 (November-December 2010). [Posted on Blackboard.] Joy Gordon, Invisible War: The United States and the Iraq Sanctions Gary Hufbauer, Jeffrey Schott, and Kimberly Elliott, Economic Sanctions Reconsidered Chantal de Jonge Oudraat, “Economic Sanctions and International Peace and Security,”

in Crocker et al., Leashing the Dogs of War, pp. 335-51. Jesse Helms, “What Sanctions Epidemic? U.S. Business Curious Crusade,” Foreign

Affairs, Jan.-Feb. 1999 (found on-line at www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/54614/jesse-helms/what-sanctions-epidemic-us-business-curious-crusade)

Arne Tostensen and Beate Bull, “Are Smart Sanctions Feasible?,” World Politics, Vol. 54, No. 3 (Apr. 2002), pp. 373-403, (found on-line at http://www.jstor.org/stable/25054192).

George A. Lopez and David Cortright, “Containing Iraq: Sanctions Worked,” Foreign Affairs, Vol. 83, No. 4 (Jul. - Aug. 2004), pp. 90-103 (found on-line at http://www.jstor.org/stable/20034049).

Strongly recommended: James Mann, The China Fantasy [On reserve at Lauinger.] Strongly recommended: Rebecca MacKinnon, “China’s ‘Networked’ Authoritarianism,”

Journal of Democracy, pp. 32-46. [Posted on Blackboard.] Strongly recommended: Xiao Qiang, “The Battle for the Chinese Internet,” Journal of

Democracy, pp. 47-61. [Posted on Blackboard.] Strongly recommended: Evgeny Morozov, “Whither Internet Control,” Journal of

Democracy, pp. 62-67 [Posted on Blackboard.]

Rebecca MacKinnon, “China’s Information Control Practices and the Implications for the United States,” Testimony before the U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission (June 30, 2010) (read on-line at www.uscc.gov/hearings/2010hearings/written_testimonies/10_06_30_wrt/10_06_30_mackinnon_statement.php).

“Undermining Freedom of Expression in China,” Amnesty International Report (2006) (read on-line at www.amnestyusa.org/business/Undermining_Freedom_of_Expression_in_China.pdf)

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“The Internet in China”, Government White Paper, Information Office of the State Council of the People’s Republic of China (June 8, 2010) (find on-line at china.org.cn/government/whitepaper/node_7093508.htm)

Assignment: 2nd half of the class alphabetically: write a 500-750 word maximum double-

spaced memo on 1 of the given scenarios, applying a reading (Required or Recommended).

Thurs. Mar. 8 – No class due to Spring Break

Class 8 – Thurs. Mar. 15Topic: ‘Business As Usual?’ Part II: The Proper Role of Business

1. The Proper Domain of the Public and Private Sectors: Governments, Militaries, Aid Agencies, and International Organizations Vs. Relying On Contractors

2. The Environment: Interest and Stewardship for Business 3. Climate Change: Distributive Justice and Who Has Responsibility

Readings:Required: • 2 short scenarios posted on Blackboard by 5 days in advance of class. Stanger book Al Gore, “We Can’t Wish Away Climate Change,” The New York Times (February

27, 2010) (find on-line at www.nytimes.com/2010/02/28/opinion/28gore.html). Steve Vanderheiden, “Globalizing Responsibility for Climate Change,” Ethics and

International Affairs 25:1 (Spring 2011) [Posted on Blackboard.] Donald A. Brown, “Going Deeper On What Happened In Durban: An Ethical

Critique of Durban Outcomes,” December 25, 2011, Penn State Rock Ethics Institute ( find on-line at http://rockblogs.psu.edu/climate/2011/12/going-deeper-on-what-happened-in-durban-an-ethical-critique-of-durban-outcomes.html )

Reference/Recommended: John Kline, Ethics for International Business, 2nd Edition Jody Freeman and Martha Minow, Government by Contract: Outsourcing and American

Democracy, Chapters 5, 9, 10, 12, and 13 [Posted on Blackboard.] P. W. Singer, Corporate Warriors: The Rise of the Privatized Military Industry, 2nd Edition Thomas Bruneau, Patriots for Profit: Contractors and the Military in U.S. National Security Henry Shue, “Face Reality? After You!—A Call for Leadership on Climate Change,”

Ethics and International Affairs 25:1 (Spring 2011) [Posted on Blackboard.] James Gustave Speth, “A New Environmentalism and the New Economy,” 10th Annual

John H Chafee Memorial Lecture (January 21, 2010) (read on-line at http://uctcriminology.files.wordpress.com/2010/02/speth-a-new-american-environmentalism.pdf)

James Gustave Speth, The Bridge at the Edge of the World: Capitalism, the Environment, and Crossing from Crisis to Sustainability

Strongly recommended: Eric A. Posner and David Weisbach, Climate Change Justice [On reserve at Lauinger]

Al Gore, Our Choice: A Plan to Solve the Climate Crisis James Garvey, Ethics and Climate Change

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Assignment: 1st half of the class alphabetically: write a 500-750 word maximum double-spaced

memo on 1 of the given scenarios, applying a reading (Required or Recommended).

Class 9 – Thurs. Mar. 22Topic: War and The Use of Military Force – Part I

1. Jus Ad Bellum2. Jus in Bello3. Cases of Use of Force, Russia in Chechnya and Georgia, two Iraq

interventions, NATO use of force against Serbia on Kosovo, Libya

Readings:Required: Thucydides, “Melian Dialogue” in The Peloponnesian War. The last section of

Book V. (Find on-line at http://www.mtholyoke.edu/acad/intrel/melian.htm). Walzer book, Chapters 1-4, 6-9, 13-16, 18, 19, and Afterword Rawls, Sections 13 and 14

Reference/Recommended: Pangle and Ahrensdorf, Justice Among Nations, Chapter 4 [On reserve at Lauinger] William V. O’Brien, The Conduct of Just and Limited War Michael Walzer, Arguing About War Michael J. Glennon, Limits of Law, Prerogatives of Power Alberto R. Coll, “Kosovo and the Moral Burdens of Power,” in Andrew J. Bacevich and

Eliot A. Cohen (eds.), War Over Kosovo: Politics and Strategy in a Global Age (Columbia University Press, 2001), pp. 124-154. [Posted on Blackboard.]

John Kelsey, “Just War, Jihad, and the Study of Comparative Ethics,” Ethics and International Affairs 24:3 (Fall 2010) [Posted on Blackboard.]

Assignment: No paper due.

Class 10 – Thurs. Mar. 29Topic: The Use of Military Force – Part II

Preemptive and Preventive War Israeli use of force and occupation The invasion and occupation of Iraq 2003 Contractors and just use of force Nuclear ethics: Hiroshima and Nagasaki atomic bombings, first use, the nuclear

haves and have nots (vertical and horizontal proliferation) Case: Use of force to stop nuclear proliferation – as in Iran and North Korea Opening the subject of just use of force in Terrorism and Counter-Terrorism,

Readings:Required: • 2 short scenarios posted on Blackboard by 5 days in advance of class. Walzer book, Chapters 5, 10-12, 17 John Turner Johnson, “Jihad and Just War,” First Things 124 (June-July 2002),

pp.12-14 read on-line at www.leaderu.com/ftissues/ft0206/opinion/johnson.html). James Pattison, “Just War Theory and the Privatization of Military Force,” Ethics

and International Affairs 22:2 (Summer 2011) [Posted on Blackboard.]

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Matthew Kroenig, “Time to Attack Iran,” Foreign Affairs January-February 2012 [Posted on Blackboard.]

Reference/Recommended: Strongly recommended: Michael J. Glennon, “Preempting Proliferation: International

Law, Morality, And Nuclear Weapons,” European Journal of International Law [Posted on Blackboard.]

Strongly recommended: Tony Blair, A Journey: My Political Life Strongly recommended: Richard N. Haass, War of Necessity, War of Choice

Assignment: 2nd half of the class alphabetically: write a 500-750 word maximum double-

spaced memo on 1 of the given scenarios, applying a reading (Required or Recommended).

Thurs. Apr. 5 – No class due to Easter Break

Class 11 – Thurs. Apr. 12Topic: Terrorism and Counter-Terrorism Dilemmas

1. Clashes of Civilizations2. Counter-Terrorism Policies3. Enhanced Interrogation and the “Torture Memos”4. Use of Drones: No Humans Involved, Civilian Humans Killed, Inhuman?5. Professional Dissent: When and How

[Establish in class which chapters of the Power book you will read for the next session—making sure multiple student read every historical case.]

Readings:Required: • 2 short scenarios posted on Blackboard by 5 days in advance of class. Goldsmith book Harold Hongju Koh, “The Obama Administration and International Law,”  Speech

at the Annual Meeting of the American Society of International Law, March 25, 2010 (find on-line at http://www.state.gov/s/l/releases/remarks/139119.htm)

Philip Alston, “Report Of The Special Rapporteur On Extrajudicial, Summary Or Arbitrary Executions: A Study On Targeted Killings,” UN General Assembly A/HRC/14/24/Add.6 (May 28, 2010) (find on-line at http://www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/hrcouncil/docs/14session/A.HRC.14.24.Add6.pdf)

C. Christine Fair, “Drone Wars,” Foreign Policy (May 28, 2010) (find on-line at http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2010/05/28/drone_wars?page=0,0).

Reference/Recommended: Samuel P. Huntington, Clash of Civilizations Charles Fried and Gregory Fried, Because It Is Wrong: Privacy and Presidential Power in

the Age of Terror Jean Bethke Elshtain, Just War Against Terror Kenneth Anderson, “Predators Over Pakistan: The U.S. Drone Campaign Is Effective—

and Legal,” The Weekly Standard (February 27, 2010) (find on-line at http://www.weeklystandard.com/articles/predators-over-pakistan).

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Current as of 2/2/12

Jane Mayer, “The Predator War: What Are The Risks of the C.I.A.’s Covert Drone Program?” The New Yorker Magazine (October 26, 2009) (find on-line at http://www.newyorker.com/reporting/2009/10/26/091026fa_fact_mayer).

Assignment: 1st half of the class alphabetically: write a 500-750 word maximum double-spaced

memo on 1 of the given scenarios, applying a reading (Required or Recommended).

[Monday Apr. 16, 8pm in the ECR: Watch “Invictus” over snacks and beverages.]

Class 12 – Thurs. Apr. 19Topic: Transcending Systematic Repression and Atrocities

1. Treating an Entire Categories of Humans as Sub-Human2. Racial Rule3. Genocide and Mass Atrocities4. Beyond Value-Neutral Multilateralism5. Accountability and Reconciliation

Readings:Required: Power book—Establishing which you choose in Class 11, read closely either

Chapters 6, 8, and 10 (on Cambodia, Iraq, and Rwanda) or Chapters 9, 11, and 12 (on Bosnia, Srebrenica, and Kosovo). Everyone read less intensively Chapters 1-5, 7, 13-14.

John R. Bolton, “Bring Back the Laxalt Doctrine” in Policy Review (find on-line at www.hoover.org/publications/policy-review/article/6776)

Executive Summary of the Report of the International Commission of Inquiry on Darfur to the United Nations Secretary-General (January 25 2005) (Find on-line at www.un.org/News/dh/sudan/com_inq_darfur.pdf) -- Read pp.1-6 closely, and skim the rest of the report.

“Key Developments on the Responsibility to Protect at the United Nations, 2005-2011,” International Coalition for the Responsibility to Protect (on-line at http://responsibilitytoprotect.org/ICRtoP%20Latest%20Developments%20at%20the%20UN%202011%281%29.pdf).

Reference/Recommended (despite no papers this week): Adam Lebor, Complicity with Evil: The United Nations in the Age of Genocide “The Fall of Srebrenica,” Report of the Secretary-General Pursuant to General Assembly

Resolution 53/35 (November 15, 1999) (Find on-line at http://daccess-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/N99/348/76/IMG/N9934876.pdf?OpenElement)

Richard Holbrooke, “The Face of Evil,” Washington Post, July 23, 2008 in Derek Chollet and Samantha Power (eds.), The Unquiet American, pp.235-237.

Stephen Kinzer, A Thousand Hills: Rwanda’s Rebirth and the Man Who Dreamed It Daniel Philpott, ed., The Politics of Past Evil: Religion, Reconciliation, and the Dilemmas

of Transitional Justice Desmond Tutu, No Future Without Forgiveness Nelson Mandela, Long Walk to Freedom Pumla Gobodo-Madikizela, A Human Being Died That Night: A South African Woman

Confronts the Legacy of Apartheid Gary Jonathan Bass, Stay the Hand of Vengeance: The Politics of War Crimes Tribunals Walter Wink, When The Powers Falls: Reconciliation in the Healing of Nations

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Current as of 2/2/12

Martha Minow, Between Vengeance and Forgiveness: Facing History after Genocide and Mass Violence

Miroslav Volf, Exclusion and Embrace: A Theological Exploration of Identity, Otherness, and Reconcliation

Summary of the “Responsibility To Protect: The Report of the International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty (ICISS),” Program on Preventing Conflicts -Protecting Civilians, World Federalist Movement (find on-line at http://responsibilitytoprotect.org/R2PSummary.pdf).

Edward C. Luck, “The Responsibility to Protect: Growing Pains or Early Promise,” Ethics and International Affairs 24:4 (Winter 2010) [Posted on Blackboard.]

Assignment: No paper due to “Invictus” film screening.

Class 13 – Thurs. Apr. 26Topic: Professional Trust and Conclusions

1. Preparing for the Final Examination2. Trust 3. Negotiation4. Hypocrisy and Fraud5. Professional Life: Engagement, Dissent, and Resignation6. Workplace Loyalty7. Comity, Compromise and Trust: “Positive-Sum Partisanship”

a. Post-Atrocities Reconciliation and “Invictus”b. U.S. Politics

8. Course Conclusions: Returning to Ends and Means

Readings:Required:• 2 short scenarios posted on Blackboard by 5 days in advance of class. Derek Chollet and Tod Lindberg, “A Moral Core for U.S. Foreign Policy,” Policy

Review No. 146, December 2007 (find on-line at www.hoover.org/publications/policy-review/article/5995)

Mark P. Lagon and William F. Schulz, “Conservatives, Liberals, and Human Rights, Policy Review No.171, February-March 2012 (find on-line at http://www.hoover.org/publications/policy-review/article/106486 )

G. Richard Shell, "Bargaining with the Devil without Losing Your Soul " Chapter 11, pp.196-228 in Shell, Bargaining for Advantage. [Posted on Blackboard.]

Leigh Thompson, "Establishing Trust and Building a Relationship" and "Power, Persuasion and Ethics" in The Mind and Heart of the Negotiator, pp.109-157. [Posted on Blackboard.]

Cecilia Albin, "The Role of Fairness in Negotiation,” Negotiation Journal Vol. 9 (July 1993) [Posted on Blackboard.]

“Revealed,” Daily Mail (February 19, 2011) (find on-line at http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1358537/Revealed-Amnesty-Internationals-800-000-pay-offs-bosses.html.

[See below: video item required to view]

Reference/Recommended: Tony Blair, A Journey: My Political Life [On reserve at Lauinger Library] John Carlin, Playing with the Enemy: Nelson Mandela and the Game That Made a Nation

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Current as of 2/2/12

Harper Lee, To Kill A Mockingbird [Feel free to apply this in a paper] Strongly recommended: Derek Chollet, Tod Lindberg, and David Shorr (eds.), Bridging

the Foreign Policy Divide (2 chapters of which assigned elsewhere in the course.) Strongly recommended: Cass R. Sunstein, Going to Extremes: How Like Minds Unite

and Divide [On reserve at Lauinger Library] Richard Holbrooke, “A Little Lying Goes a Long Way,” New York Times, September 10,

1971 in Derek Chollet and Samantha Power (eds.), The Unquiet American, pp.99-100. 2 books: Stephen L. Carter, Civility and Integrity Richard N. Haass, The Bureaucratic Entrepreneur Roger Fisher and William Ury, Getting to Yes: Negotiating Agreement Without Giving In,

Chapter 1 (find on-line at http://www.williamury.com/files/GTY-Ch1.pdf). Cecilia Albin, Justice and Fairness in International Negotiation [On reserve at Lauinger] Anne-Marie Slaughter, The Idea that Is America: Keeping Faith with Our Values in a

Dangerous World William Schulz, In Our Own Best Interest

Assignment: Watch the 15-minute CBS News “60 Minutes” April 4, 2010 segment on Greg

Mortenson airing (find on line at www.cbsnews.com/video/watch/?id=7363068n). Be prepared to discuss Jack Goldsmith’s book further and “Invictus.” 2nd half of the class alphabetically: write a 500-750 word maximum double-

spaced memo on 1 of the given scenarios, applying a reading (Required or Recommended), or the film “Invictus.”

Georgetown University Honor System

Honor SystemYou are expected to abide by the Georgetown University Honor System. If you have not already done so, please familiarize yourself with the material and information posted on the Honor Council's website: http://gervaseprograms.georgetown.edu/honor/system/53377.html. Additionally, please consult with the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences’ policy on Academic Integrity: http://grad.georgetown.edu/pages/info-acad-integrity.cfm

Georgetown University Honor Pledge“…In the pursuit of the high ideals and rigorous standards of academic life, I commit myself to respect and uphold the Georgetown University Honor System: to be honest in any academic endeavor, and to conduct myself honorably, as a responsible member of the Georgetown community, as we live and work together.”

Academic Resource Center

If you believe you have a disability, then you should contact the Academic Resource Center (arc@georgetown.edu) for further information. The Center is located in the Leavey Center, Suite 335. The Academic Resource Center is the campus office responsible for reviewing documentation provided by students with disabilities and for determining reasonable accommodations in accordance with the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) and University policies.

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