Ethical Issues in Medical Profession

8/8/2019 Ethical Issues in Medical Profession

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Ethical Issues inEthical Issues in

Health CareHealth CareProfessionsProfessions

Ms. Monaryn BorboMs. Monaryn BorboMs. La. Arnie MercadoMs. La. Arnie Mercado

Mr. Peter QuablaMr. Peter Quabla

Ms. Patrisha TapangMs. Patrisha Tapang


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God didnt create the world and imposed aGod didnt create the world and imposed alaw on it, rather as inventor in His mind waslaw on it, rather as inventor in His mind was

the Eternal plan and principles.the Eternal plan and principles.

The type of divine wisdom directing all acts andThe type of divine wisdom directing all acts andmovementsmovements

All actions and movements in the universe areAll actions and movements in the universe are

subject to the eternal law working throughsubject to the eternal law working throughdivine providence and divine government.divine providence and divine government.

Therefore, all human affairs fall under theTherefore, all human affairs fall under the

direction of the eternal law.direction of the eternal law.

The Eternal LawThe Eternal Law


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The Natural LawThe Natural Law

Indicates and directs mans inclinations toIndicates and directs mans inclinations to

act in accordance with reason.act in accordance with reason.

That we have a selfThat we have a self--evident right, by virtue of our rightevident right, by virtue of our right

to be good as human beings, to align ourselves with theseto be good as human beings, to align ourselves with theseinherent natural ends to attain our natural end and to beinherent natural ends to attain our natural end and to be

good as human beings.good as human beings.

The divine and natural law shows man theThe divine and natural law shows man theway to follow so as to practice the good andway to follow so as to practice the good and

attain his end.attain his end.


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Inclinations of Human NatureInclinations of Human Nature

The dynamic tendencies or inclinations inherentThe dynamic tendencies or inclinations inherentin nature indicate the appropriate way in which itin nature indicate the appropriate way in which itcan be brought to completioncan be brought to completion

The person is free to follow this course or not; butThe person is free to follow this course or not; butthe general lines of action, and the end to whichthe general lines of action, and the end to whichthey lead, do not depend on his choice they arethey lead, do not depend on his choice they are

set by natureset by natureWithin these limits the person, as moral agent, isWithin these limits the person, as moral agent, is

free to decide how, in each individual situation, tofree to decide how, in each individual situation, tofollow these inclinations in practicefollow these inclinations in practice


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Natural Inclinations and Natural LawNatural Inclinations and Natural Law

St. Thomas gave us a remarkable and verySt. Thomas gave us a remarkable and verycomplete synthesis of the first principles ofcomplete synthesis of the first principles ofnatural law, beginning with naturalnatural law, beginning with naturalinclinations and based on the essentialinclinations and based on the essentialcomponents of human naturecomponents of human nature

For it has been stated that to the natural lawFor it has been stated that to the natural lawbelongs everything to which a man isbelongs everything to which a man is

inclined of his natureinclined of his natureThe good is to be done and sought; evil is toThe good is to be done and sought; evil is to

be avoided, this was the fundamentalbe avoided, this was the fundamentalprinciple of natural law, at the base of allprinciple of natural law, at the base of all

other lawsother laws


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Summing up we distinguish fiveSumming up we distinguish five

natural inclinationsnatural inclinationsThe inclination to do goodThe inclination to do good

The inclination to selfThe inclination to self--preservationpreservation

The inclination to sexual union and theThe inclination to sexual union and therearing of offspringrearing of offspring

The inclination to the knowledge of theThe inclination to the knowledge of the

truthtruthThe inclination to live inThe inclination to live in societysociety


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Principle of Human DignityPrinciple of Human Dignity

All ethical decisions (including those involved in healthAll ethical decisions (including those involved in health

care) must aim at human dignity, that is, the maximum,care) must aim at human dignity, that is, the maximum,

integrated satisfaction of the innate and cultural needs ofintegrated satisfaction of the innate and cultural needs of

every human person, including his or her biological,every human person, including his or her biological,

psychological, social, and spiritual needs as a member ofpsychological, social, and spiritual needs as a member of

the world community and national communities.the world community and national communities.


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Moral StandardMoral Standard

There is one fundamental principle, whichThere is one fundamental principle, whichshould rule all of our thinking about theshould rule all of our thinking about the

pleasures of eating and drinking and ofpleasures of eating and drinking and of

sexual activitysexual activity These pleasures have not been given to asThese pleasures have not been given to as

an end to be sought in themselves and foran end to be sought in themselves and for

themselves but that they may be sought inthemselves but that they may be sought insubordination to their genuine ends, thesubordination to their genuine ends, thepreservation of the individual and of humanpreservation of the individual and of humanspeciespecie


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Principle of Stewardship andPrinciple of Stewardship and

CreativityCreativity Indicates that not only is it not forbidden but it isIndicates that not only is it not forbidden but it is

even demanded that we develop technology toeven demanded that we develop technology to

achieve rational control over natureachieve rational control over nature

Therefore the Catholic church does not reject butTherefore the Catholic church does not reject but

favors the development of technology to improvefavors the development of technology to improve

the use of human sexuality to maximize all itsthe use of human sexuality to maximize all its

values including reproductive controlvalues including reproductive control

Same principle warns us that technology must beSame principle warns us that technology must be

ecological, it must respect the builtecological, it must respect the built--in wisdom orin wisdom or

telealogy of nature, lest it prove self destructivetelealogy of nature, lest it prove self destructive


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The moral goodness of the conjugal act necessaryThe moral goodness of the conjugal act necessaryto itto it

The basic objective goodness of the conjugal actThe basic objective goodness of the conjugal actconsidered in itself embraces two aspects orconsidered in itself embraces two aspects ormeaningsmeanings inseparably joined by the divine institution: theinseparably joined by the divine institution: thepersonal unitive and the procreative.personal unitive and the procreative.

In effect, on account of its intimate structure, theIn effect, on account of its intimate structure, theconjugal act makes the spouses apt for theconjugal act makes the spouses apt for thegeneration of new lives according to the lawsgeneration of new lives according to the lawsinscribed on the very nature of man and woman,inscribed on the very nature of man and woman,even as it unites them profoundly.even as it unites them profoundly. SafeguardingSafeguarding

both essential aspects, the unitive and theboth essential aspects, the unitive and theprocreative, the conjugal act preserve in itsprocreative, the conjugal act preserve in itswholeness the experience of mutual true love andwholeness the experience of mutual true love andits orientation towards mans most lofty calling toits orientation towards mans most lofty calling to

paternitypaternity


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A41 year old woman, married, mother of seven children,A41 year old woman, married, mother of seven children,wants your advice regarding oral contraceptives.wants your advice regarding oral contraceptives.

She is poor and has no regular job and her husband isShe is poor and has no regular job and her husband is

jobless and alcoholic. She has tried natural familyjobless and alcoholic. She has tried natural familyplanning but it didnt work, which brought her to sevenplanning but it didnt work, which brought her to sevenkids. The reason was that her husband comes homekids. The reason was that her husband comes homedrunk and on her unsafe days he did not observe it. Ifdrunk and on her unsafe days he did not observe it. Ifshe says no to sex on such days, her husband becomesshe says no to sex on such days, her husband becomesassaultive and beats her. Her age is climbing up andassaultive and beats her. Her age is climbing up andcannot afford to take care of another child. Her onlycannot afford to take care of another child. Her onlyincome is doing laundry for her neighbors which doesincome is doing laundry for her neighbors which doesnot suffice for their daily needs. To avoid the fights andnot suffice for their daily needs. To avoid the fights and

pregnancy she wants to use oral contraceptives.pregnancy she wants to use oral contraceptives.

Case AnalysisCase Analysis


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For Contraceptive use Against ContraceptionFor Contraceptive use Against Contraception

*Age of the woman*Age of the woman

*Financial capability*Financial capability

*Maintain the*Maintain the

relationship with therelationship with the

partnerpartner

*Suggest the use of*Suggest the use of

contraceptive butcontraceptive butshould not beshould not be

abortifacientabortifacient

*Conscience*Conscience

*Matrimony of*Matrimony of

marriagemarriage

*Dignity*Dignity*Abuse*Abuse


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Thank you veryThank you verymuch!!!much!!!

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Ethical Issues in Medical Profession