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ESTIME project --- Elaboration of country leaflets. Françoise Laville, Jean Thèves Observatory of Science and Technology (OST), Paris, France. Presentation by OST. Methodology used by OST Production of leaflet – model Needs and further work. Presentation by OST. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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ESTIME – Amman - April 2005
ESTIME project ESTIME project ------
Elaboration of country leafletsElaboration of country leaflets
Françoise Laville, Jean ThèvesObservatory of Science and Technology (OST),
Paris, France
ESTIME – Amman - April 2005
Presentation byPresentation by OSTOST
Methodology used by OST Production of leaflet – model Needs and further work
ESTIME – Amman - April 2005
Presentation by OSTPresentation by OST
ESTIME : project devoted to analysis and evaluation of the R&DI system of partner countries
OST work : production of indicators on the R&DI system based on OST database
ESTIME – Amman - April 2005
ESTIME general context (1)ESTIME general context (1) Evaluating the R&DI system of the countries based on:
Macro-analysis based on OST indicators Country surveys done by ESTIME researchers ; Exploitation of local data/information sources ;
Strategic country reports
ESTIME – Amman - April 2005
ESTIME general context (2)ESTIME general context (2)
Macro-analysis done by OST : Country report based on indicators calculated with OST
database; Integrating country local data to produce more complete
« leaflets »; Contribution to the strategic country report
ESTIME – Amman - April 2005
Description of a « leaflet »Description of a « leaflet »
Country report based on quantitative indicators for : In first approach 8 countries of the 12 involved in the
project Context countries chosen by ESTIME members
Describing the National RDI system in order to get better visibility of the Mediterrean Country Partners
ESTIME – Amman - April 2005
General plan of a leaflet (1)General plan of a leaflet (1) General data on the country studied « Input » indicators:
Funding and expenditures for R&D (GERD) R&D personnel and researchers
« Output » indicators based on: Scientific publications and co-publications Citations (visibility of the publications) Patents (technology)
ESTIME – Amman - April 2005
General plan of a leaflet (2)General plan of a leaflet (2) Student mobility
Number of students of the country enrolled in higher education in other countries (EU25, USA…)
European Framework program participations Participations in FP 4 and FP 5 Co-participations of the country with EU25 countries
ESTIME – Amman - April 2005
Methodological aspects : publications Methodological aspects : publications (1/4)(1/4) Database : SCI expanded (from ISI-Thomson Scientific)
Set of a few thousand internationally recognised journals (extended version) (without SHS)
ISI specialities = set of journals OST disciplines = group of ISI specialities OST sub-disciplines = group of ISI specialities based on citation
network
Limitations of the source No data for Palestinian Authorities Only country level for MPC (no lab address) No SHS indicators No local journals
ESTIME – Amman - April 2005
Methodological aspects : type of counting (2/4)
« Fractionnal » counting : contributioncontribution of a country to an article: additionnal additionnal
« Distinct integer » counting : participationparticipation of a country to an article if in the publication: not not additionnaladditionnal
ESTIME – Amman - April 2005
Methodological aspects : Methodological aspects : Leaflet Leaflet indicators (3/4)indicators (3/4) Indicators used in the leaflets:
World share of publications: Country total publications / world total
Specialisation index: For one country : discipline world share / all disciplines world
share Internationalisation of publications:
For one country : International co-publications / total publications
List of partnerships Visibility indicators:
Citation ; impact; etc…
ESTIME – Amman - April 2005
Methodological aspects Methodological aspects : visibility : visibility indicators (4/4)indicators (4/4)
Calculation of articles’ citations in a 2 years window For each article, within 2 years following publication,
count of number of times the article was cited. Citation world shares : Country total citations / world
total citations Impact index
Ratio on citation number to publication number in one discipline and/or country. An impact index is bigger than 1 if in the discipline considered, there are more citations than articles.
ESTIME – Amman - April 2005
Methodological aspects : studentsMethodological aspects : students
Foreign students in Higher Education Use of OECD database Data based on national reports from countries ; no
systematic report National reports on enrolled foreign students
For the leaflets: Tertiary education corresponds to ISCED 5 + ISCED 6 No data on degrees awardedawarded for foreign students
ESTIME – Amman - April 2005
Methodological aspects: participations Methodological aspects: participations in FPin FP
Number of participations in EU framework program (FP4 and FP5):
Use of CORDIS database Indicators on co-participation in projects
No data on FP6 at that time in the OST database…
ESTIME – Amman - April 2005
Need of more data for Need of more data for inputinput indicators indicators
Data too old (1996 or 1997) or missing Input indicators
General characteristics on country (GDP, labor force..) Data on R&D : funding sources, sectors of expenditures Data on human resources (researchers or/and R&D
personnel)
ESTIME – Amman - April 2005
Need of more data for ouput indicatorsNeed of more data for ouput indicators
For most of the studied countries no data in international patent databases (EPO, WIPO..)
Technological production of these countries based on local patenting
ESTIME – Amman - April 2005
Data used in a leaflet: Algeria, TunisiaData used in a leaflet: Algeria, Tunisia
ESTIME – Amman - April 2005
Input indicators: Tunisia: GERD/GDPInput indicators: Tunisia: GERD/GDP
Evolution of GERD/GDP (%)
0
0,1
0,2
0,3
0,4
0,5
0,6
0,7
1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
Tunisia
Tunisian Ministry data
in %
ESTIME – Amman - April 2005
Input indicators: Tunisia: GERD/GDPInput indicators: Tunisia: GERD/GDP
Sources of funds 1997 2000
Public 87,8 90,0
Private 8,2 7,0
Abroad 4,0 3,0
Total 100,0 100,0
GERD volume (M$) 137,9 264,4UNESCO data OST - 2005
Repartition (%)
ESTIME – Amman - April 2005
Organisation chart of AlgeriaOrganisation chart of Algeria
ESTIME – Amman - April 2005
Science indicators : world shares of publications for Science indicators : world shares of publications for Algeria and context contriesAlgeria and context contries
South Africa
Chile Thailand
Discipline
1993 1997 2001 Evolution 2001/1993
(%)
Evolution 2001/1997
(%)Fundamental biology 0,07 0,10 0,06 - 24 - 43 2,33 1,62 0,98Medical research 0,11 0,06 0,08 - 34 + 17 3,83 1,63 1,43Applied biology-ecology 0,22 0,22 0,22 + 1 + 3 10,41 3,30 1,94Chemistry 0,37 0,49 0,62 + 70 + 26 2,39 1,84 0,99Physics 0,51 0,62 0,73 + 43 + 17 1,71 1,13 0,33Astro and Geo- sciences 0,25 0,30 0,41 + 62 + 34 7,34 3,90 1,12Engineering 0,33 0,39 0,73 + 119 + 85 2,96 1,16 1,32Mathematics 0,45 0,43 0,63 + 41 + 45 3,77 2,33 0,35
Total 0,24 0,27 0,34 + 40 + 28 3,80 1,82 1,12
Number of publications 148 186 244 + 65 + 31 2 711 1 296 800ISI-Thomson scientific data, OST computing OST - 2005
World shares (‰) of scientific publications (fractional counts)
2001
Algeria
ESTIME – Amman - April 2005
World shares of scientific publications for Algeria World shares of scientific publications for Algeria (1993, 1997, 2001)(1993, 1997, 2001)
0,00
0,10
0,20
0,30
0,40
0,50
0,60
0,70
0,80
Fundamental
biology
Medical
research
Applied biology -
ecology
Chemistry Phy sics Astro and Geo-
sciences
Engineering Mathematics Total
1993 1997 2001
World shares (‰)
ISI-Thomson scientific data, OST computing
ESTIME – Amman - April 2005
Repartition (%) of scientific publications for Algeria Repartition (%) of scientific publications for Algeria for 8 disciplines and evolution (1993, 1997, 2001)for 8 disciplines and evolution (1993, 1997, 2001)
0,0
5,0
10,0
15,0
20,0
25,0
30,0
35,0
Fundamental
biology
Medical
research
Applied biology -
ecology
Chemistry Phy sics Astro and Geo-
sciences
Engineering Mathematics
1993
1997
2001
ISI-Thomson scientific data, OST computing
in (%)
ESTIME – Amman - April 2005
Science indicators : world specialisation index of Science indicators : world specialisation index of publications for Algeria (1993, 2001)publications for Algeria (1993, 2001)
Algeria specialisation index
0,00
1,00
2,00
3,00Fundamental biology
Medical research
Applied biology-ecology
Chemistry
Physics
Astro and Geo- sciences
Engineering
Mathematics
1993
2001
ISI data, OST treatments
ESTIME – Amman - April 2005
Science indicators : impact index of publications for Science indicators : impact index of publications for Algeria (and context countries)Algeria (and context countries)
0,00
0,10
0,20
0,30
0,40
0,50
0,60
1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001
Impa
ct in
dex
Chile
South Africa
Thailand
Algeria
ISI-Thomson scientific data, OST computing
ESTIME – Amman - April 2005
Cordis (EU) indicators : participations in 5th FP Cordis (EU) indicators : participations in 5th FP
Country EESD INCO 2 LIFE QUALITYAlgeria 1 21 1Cordis data, OST computing OST - 2005
Participations in 5th FP (types of programs)
ESTIME – Amman - April 2005
OECD indicators : Algerian students abroadOECD indicators : Algerian students abroad
Host country
1998 2002 Evolution 2002/1998 (%)
France 16 074 14 056 - 13Germany 408 335 - 18United-Kingdom 222 314 + 41Belgium* 448 407 - 9Italy 66 58 - 12Spain 99 133 + 34United-States 188 196 + 4Japan 12 16 + 33OECD data on education, OST computing OST - 2005
Foreign Algerian students enrolled in :
ESTIME – Amman - April 2005
OECD indicators : Algerian students abroadOECD indicators : Algerian students abroad
Host country 1998 2002 Evolution 2002/1998 (%)France 10,86 8,50 - 22
Germany 0,24 0,16 - 33
United-Kingdom 0,11 0,14 + 30
Belgium* 1,24 1,01 - 19
Italy 0,28 0,20 - 28
Spain 0,34 0,30 - 13
United-States 0,04 0,03 - 23
Japan 0,03 0,03 - 25OECD data on education, OST computing OST - 2005
Ratio (%) of Algerian students to total foreign enrolled students
ESTIME – Amman - April 2005
Summary of OST’s needsSummary of OST’s needs
Type of dataAlgeria Egypt Jordan Lebanon Morocco Syria Tunisia Palestinian
AuthorityGERD 1996 2000 1996 1996 1996 1996 2003Funding sources 2000Sectors of expendituresResearchers 1996 1996 1998 1996 1996 1997 1999R&D personnel 1996 1996 1998 1996 1996 1997 1999Patents (Nat. Off.) 1999 1999 1999Enrollment of students in higher educationGraduated students
Status of data per country