Establishing Establishing Peace After WWIPeace After WWI

Europe After the War Europe After the War (Stats)(Stats)

Allies lose over 5 million menAllies lose over 5 million men 112,000 US troops killed (most to sickness)112,000 US troops killed (most to sickness) Central Powers lose 3.4 million menCentral Powers lose 3.4 million men 20 million are wounded20 million are wounded Millions of civilians are killedMillions of civilians are killed Total cost of the war - $330 billionTotal cost of the war - $330 billion Industry and agriculture wiped out in Industry and agriculture wiped out in

Belgium, France, Russia, and GermanyBelgium, France, Russia, and Germany Widespread post-war food shortages in Widespread post-war food shortages in

Europe Europe

Wilson’s Fourteen PointsWilson’s Fourteen Points Designed to prevent future warsDesigned to prevent future wars Called for freedom of ships on the seasCalled for freedom of ships on the seas Smaller armies/naviesSmaller armies/navies Lower tariffsLower tariffs End to secret alliancesEnd to secret alliances Self-determinationSelf-determination - right of people to rule - right of people to rule

themselves (Serbs)themselves (Serbs) League of NationsLeague of Nations - Group of nations - Group of nations

formed to settle international disputes formed to settle international disputes (2nd Step for countries)(2nd Step for countries)

14 Points14 Points

Look at the 14 Points and describe how Look at the 14 Points and describe how it intended to never allow a world war it intended to never allow a world war to happen again.to happen again.

Why do you think Wilson wanted the Why do you think Wilson wanted the League of Nations?League of Nations?

Treaty of VersaillesTreaty of Versailles Looked to punish Central Powers to set an Looked to punish Central Powers to set an

exampleexample Only Allies are invitedOnly Allies are invited ReparationsReparations - Germany to pay $33 billion - Germany to pay $33 billion

in damagesin damages France gets back Alsace-LorraineFrance gets back Alsace-Lorraine Czechoslavakia, Yugoslavia, Finland, and Czechoslavakia, Yugoslavia, Finland, and

Poland createdPoland created Central Powers surrender colonies to AlliesCentral Powers surrender colonies to Allies League of Nations createdLeague of Nations created

Describe how this document would Describe how this document would be the beginnings of WWII.be the beginnings of WWII.

What is the primary objective of this What is the primary objective of this document?document?

Why did the Senate disapprove of Why did the Senate disapprove of this Treaty?this Treaty?

Europe Pre WWI

Europe After WWI

League of NationsLeague of Nations

Included representatives from Included representatives from democratic countriesdemocratic countries

Goal is to settle disputes by talking - Goal is to settle disputes by talking - not bloodshednot bloodshed

Members would takes disagreements Members would takes disagreements to a World Court, who would decide to a World Court, who would decide outcome and levy penaltiesoutcome and levy penalties

U.S. Response to Treaty U.S. Response to Treaty of Versaillesof Versailles

After WWI citizens wanted the US to take After WWI citizens wanted the US to take on a policy of isolationismon a policy of isolationism

Congress needs 2/3’s majority to pass the Congress needs 2/3’s majority to pass the peace treatypeace treaty

Republicans in Congress worry about Republicans in Congress worry about League of Nations. Want US to be League of Nations. Want US to be isolationist - not involved in European isolationist - not involved in European issuesissues

Wilson refuses to change itWilson refuses to change it Congress votes down the TreatyCongress votes down the Treaty US not in the League of Nations as a resultUS not in the League of Nations as a result

QuestionsQuestions

How is the Senate allowed to vote How is the Senate allowed to vote down a treaty that the President down a treaty that the President negotiated with other countries?negotiated with other countries?